nepal: age distribution and school attendance of girls ... · table 4.1 presents un population...

1

Nepal: Age distribution and school attendance of girls aged 9-13 years

Report produced in consultation with and for WHO by UNESCO Institute for Statistics

12 July 2013 1. Introduction This document provides an overview of the pattern of school attendance of girls 9-13 years old in Nepal,

based on data collected with a Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in 2011. Results are presented for

the total population of girls aged 9-13, as well as by household location (urban and rural) and wealth

quintile. Survey data on school attendance are combined with population estimates by the UN Population

Division (UNPD 2011) to arrive at estimates of the total number of girls between 9 and 13 years in and

out of school in Nepal.

Section 2 summarizes the national education system of Nepal. Section 3 describes the sources and

limitations of the data used in the subsequent analysis. Section 4 provides estimates of the number of

girls between 9 and 13 years in Nepal between 2000 and 2015. Section 5 provides information from

household surveys to measure education coverage for the target age group.

Section 6 delves into the school attendance patterns of 9- to 13-year-old girls by education level and

grade. It addresses the question of equity by comparing the school attendance rates of girls from urban,

rural, rich and poor households. Section 7 looks at school participation from a complementary angle and

examines the age distribution of girls in primary and secondary education by grade. This analysis also

presents disparities by household location and wealth. Lastly, Section 8 presents summary tables with

data on school attendance by age and grade for ages 5-23.

2. National education system

The national education system in Nepal is divided into the following levels of education: primary education,

as defined by the country, begins at age 5 and has a duration of 5 years. The entry age of lower

secondary education is 10 years, and it lasts 3 years. Upper secondary education begins at 13 years old

and has a duration of 4 years. Tertiary or post-secondary education begins at age 17.

The tables and graphs in this document present data on school attendance according to the levels and

grades of education as classified by the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 1997

(UNESCO 2006). In the case of Nepal, the ISCED classification is the same as the national education

system described above. Table 2.1 presents the theoretical (intended) grade and level of education for 9-

to 13-year-olds, according to both classifications. The actual age of students in these grades may differ

substantially, please see Section 7.2 to 7.6.

Table 2.1 Intended education level and grade for children aged 9-13 years, Nepal, 2010

9 10 11 12 13

Education system (National definition)

Primary grade 5

Lower secondary

level grade 1

Lower secondary

level grade 2

Lower secondary

level grade 3

Secondary Level grade 1

Education system (ISCED)

Primary grade 5

Lower secondary

grade 1

Lower secondary

grade 2

Lower secondary

grade 3

Upper Secondary

grade 1

Source: Country approved ISCED mappings, (UIS 2013)

2

3. Sources and limitations of data on population and education

3.1 Population data

The number of girls by age in Nepal was obtained from the 2010 revision of the World Population

Prospects by the United Nations Population Division (UNPD 2011b). UNPD generates population

estimates by single year of age from data collected in national censuses. The population estimates for

Nepal are designed to be consistent with the latest available census: the 2001 census (UNPD 2011a).

3.2 Administrative data on enrolment

Data on enrolment of primary and lower secondary age children are not currently available from the

database of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), which collects education statistics from national

statistical authorities in an annual survey. This is due to discrepancies in the enrolment and population

data. The UIS updates its database three times per year, in January, May and October. The enrolment

data for Nepal are current as of the May 2013 data release of the UIS.

3.3 Household survey data on attendance

The source of the school attendance data in this report is the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS)

2011. Household survey data have certain limitations. The DHS 2011 is based on a nationally

representative sample of the population (sample size: 10,826 households with 47,570 individuals),

designed to be representative at the urban and rural levels (MOHP, New ERA, and ICF International,

2012.). The results of the survey are subject to sampling errors (due to the sample design) and non-

sampling errors (for example errors introduced during data processing). Because the DHS covers

households, some groups may be under- or not represented, such as refugee, migrant or homeless

populations.

The number of girls aged 9-13 years in the DHS 2011 survey sample is 3,268. Table 3.1 displays the

distribution of the target population in the sample by household location and wealth. It also provides the

number of cases upon which the subsequent analysis is based. Because the DHS is a sample survey, the

following distribution should be considered an approximate, but not an exact, distribution of the target

population in Nepal.

Table 3.1 Distribution of girls 9-13 years in survey sample, Nepal DHS 2011

Urban

(%)

Rural

(%)

Poorest quintile

(%)

Second poorest quintile

(%)

Middle quintile

(%)

Second richest quintile

(%)

Richest quintile

(%)

Total

(%)

Sample size

Girls 9-13 years

11.3 88.7 23.4 22.0 19.3 18.2 17.1 100.0 3,268

Source: Nepal DHS 2011.

3.4 Limitations of age data

Reported age data may also be erroneous because children may lack birth certificates or because the

survey respondent may not know the exact age of all household members. Age data may thus exhibit

heaping, typical around ages ending in 0 and 5. In the case of the Nepal DHS 2011, the age distribution

of women in the survey data is/is not a close match with the age distribution in population estimates by

3

the UN Population Division for the same year (Figure 3.1). Age heaping in the total female survey sample

is moderate. In the sample of girls 5-17, some age heaping can be observed at age 10 (Figure 3.2).

Furthermore, survey programmes such as the Demographic and Health Survey and Multiple Indicator

Cluster Survey are not designed primarily for the collection of education data. As a result there is often a

gap between the beginning of the school year and the survey collection period. At the time of the survey

children can thus be many months older than they were at the beginning of the school year. Where the

gap is 6 months or greater, the UIS adjusts the age data backwards by one year (age – 1) to minimize the

age/grade discrepancy. In the case of the Nepal DHS 2011, this age adjustment was applied, as the gap

is 10-14 months.

Survey question on current school attendance: “Did (NAME) attend school at any time during the

(2067)/(2068) school year?” [NOTE: The questionnaire uses the Nepali Calendar system. Refers

to the 2010-11 academic year]

Start month of the academic year: May

Survey collection period: February-June 2011

Figure 3.1 Age distribution in female sample of Nepal DHS 2011, by single year of age, compared

with female age distribution in UN Population Division data for 2011

0

1

2

3

Perc

en

t of p

op

ula

tion

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Age (years)

UN Population Division DHS

Sources: UNPD World Population Prospects 2010, Nepal DHS 2011.

4

Figure 3.2 Age distribution in sample of girls 5-17 years in Nepal DHS 2011, by single year of age

0

2

4

6

8

10

Perc

en

t of p

op

ula

tion

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17Age (years)


5

4. Population estimates

Table 4.1 presents UN Population Division estimates of the number of girls aged 9-13 and 9-15 years in

Nepal between 2010 and 2015. In 2013, the number of girls 9-13 years old was estimated at 1.8 million.

This number has grown since the beginning of the decade and is projected to fall between 2013 and 2015.

Population estimates in the remaining section of this report are for the year 2013.

Table 4.1 Nepal: Female population 9-15 years (1,000), by single year of age, 2010-2015

Year 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9-13 9-15

2010 361.8 360.0 357.3 353.6 348.6 342.8 336.4 1,781.4 2,460.6

2011 362.9 361.7 359.8 357.1 353.3 348.4 342.5 1,794.8 2,485.7

2012 362.9 363.1 361.6 359.6 356.8 353.0 348.1 1,804.1 2,505.2

2013 360.2 363.1 363.3 361.5 359.4 356.6 352.8 1,807.5 2,516.9

2014 354.6 359.9 363.3 363.5 361.4 359.2 356.4 1,802.8 2,518.3

2015 348.1 353.6 359.7 363.5 363.7 361.4 358.9 1,788.6 2,508.8

Source: UNPD 2011.

5. Coverage: Which share of the target population attends school?

Table 5.1 explores the basic issue of coverage of the target population of girls 9-13 years. Household

survey estimates show the attendance rate to range from 83.6% to 92.7%, with the highest attendance

rate observed at age 10 and the lowest at age 12. It is important to note that the attendance rate

presented here includes attendance in pre-primary, primary, secondary or higher education. Attendance

in non-formal education programmes (in surveys which include this category) are considered out of

school.

Table 5.1 Nepal: Percentage of 9- to 13-year-old girls in school, by single year of age, 2011

9 10 11 12 13

Age-specific attendance rate 92.6 92.7 91.6 83.6 87.0 Source: Nepal DHS 2011.

Table 5.2 presents the percentage and confidence intervals for 9- to 13-year-old girls who are in school

(currently attending pre-primary, primary, secondary or higher education) according to the Nepal 2011

DHS. The confidence interval indicates, generally speaking, that the given range has a 95% probability of

containing the true value. These were calculated using Stata statistical software, taking into consideration

the clustered sampling design of the DHS.

Table 5.2 Percentage of 9- to 13-year-old girls in school, by household characteristics, with 95%

confidence intervals, Nepal, 2011

Area % Girls Aged 9-13 In School 95% CI Lower Bound 95% CI Upper Bound

Urban (n=791) 95% 93% 97%

Rural (n=2,477) 89% 85% 92%

Poorest (n=887) 82% 76% 89%

Second poorest (n=664) 87% 82% 92%

Middle (n=562) 89% 83% 94%

Second richest (n=540) 95% 92% 97%

Richest (n=615) 98% 97% 99%

Total (n=3,268) 89% 86% 93%


Notes: n = number of observations in survey data (female observations 9-13 years in each sub-group).

6

6. Equity: Which girls aged 9-13 years are most likely to be in and out of school?

6.1 Summary

Based on findings of a DHS, 10.6% of all girls 9-13 were out of school in Nepal in 2011. Less than 0.1%

of the girls in this age group attended pre-primary education, 44.2% primary education, and 45.2%

secondary education (see Table 6.1 and Figure 6.1).

The patterns of school attendance of girls 9-13 in urban and rural areas were different in 2011. The out-

of-school rate was 5.5% in urban areas and 11.2% in rural areas. 36.3% of urban girls attended primary

education and 58.2% secondary education. Among rural girls, 45.2% attended primary education and

43.6% secondary education.

A comparison of school attendance of girls 9-13 from the richest and poorest household quintiles reveals

large disparities. 2.1% or girls from the richest quintile and 17.6% of girls from the poorest quintile were

out of school in 2011. In the richest quintile, 31.8% attended primary education and 66.1% secondary

education. In the poorest quintile, 53.1% were in primary education and 29.3% in secondary education.

Table 6.1 Nepal: School attendance by level of education (%), girls 9-13 years, 2011

Group Total Urban Rural Richest quintile

Poorest quintile

Pre-primary education 0.0 0.1 0.0

Primary education 44.2 36.3 45.2 31.8 53.1

Secondary education 45.2 58.2 43.6 66.1 29.3

Out of school 10.6 5.5 11.2 2.1 17.6

No data

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Analysis of school attendance by grade shows that the largest percentage of girls 9-13 could be found in

secondary grade 1 (17.1%), primary grade 5 (15.5%), and primary grade 4 (14.6%) (see Table 6.2 and

Figure 6.1). In urban areas, the grade attended by the largest percentage of girls was secondary grade 1

(19.6%); in rural areas it was also secondary grade 1 (16.7%). There was a large difference in the pattern

of school attendance by grade between girls from the richest and poorest household quintile in Nepal.

Among girls from the richest quintile in school, the most common grade was secondary grade 1 (21.9%).

Among girls from the poorest quintile in school, the most common grade was primary grade 5 (18.3%).

Tables 6.3 to 6.7 and Figures 6.2 to 6.6 offer more data on school attendance by age, level and grade of

5- to 17-year-old girls in Nepal. Section 8 provides summary tables of school attendance for the age

range 5-23. Please note that in the DHS data for Nepal attendance of grades 6 and 7 of secondary

education and attendance of tertiary education is combined in one category, called “secondary grade 6+

or tertiary” in the tables in Section 6 and 8. In Figures 6.2 to 6.6, the bar segments representing grade 6

of secondary education also include the percentage of girls in grade 7 of secondary education and in

tertiary education.

7

Table 6.2 Nepal: School attendance by level of education and grade (%), girls 9-13 years, 2011

Group Total Urban Rural Richest quintile

Poorest quintile

Pre-primary education 0.0 0.1 0.0

Primary education

Grade 1 1.9 0.4 2.1 0.3 2.0

Grade 2 4.1 3.3 4.2 1.3 4.3

Grade 3 8.1 6.5 8.3 4.8 10.8

Grade 4 14.6 11.5 14.9 10.6 17.8

Grade 5 15.5 14.4 15.6 14.8 18.3

Secondary education

Grade 1 17.1 19.6 16.7 21.9 16.3

Grade 2 13.3 16.4 12.9 18.7 6.7

Grade 3 9.0 11.3 8.7 14.0 4.9

Grade 4 4.6 8.9 4.1 9.6 1.4

Grade 5 1.3 2.0 1.2 1.9

Secondary grade 6+ or tertiary 0.0 0.1 0.0

Out of school 10.6 5.5 11.2 2.1 17.6

No data

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 6.1: School attendance by level and grade, girls 9-13 years, Nepal 2011

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

en

t

Total Urban Rural Richest quintile Poorest quintile

Note: Darker shade = lower grade in level, lighter shade = upper grade in level.Source: Nepal DHS 2011.

Pre-primaryeducation

Primaryeducation

Secondaryeducation

Out ofschool

Nodata

8

6.2 All girls

Table 6.3 Nepal: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), all girls 5-17 years, 2011

Age (years) 5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17

Pre-primary education 1.6 0.0

Primary education

Grade 1 36.7 3.4 3.2 2.4 0.4 0.1

Grade 2 23.4 12.0 5.1 2.0 1.1 0.4 0.0

Grade 3 16.1 18.2 12.2 6.6 3.0 0.7 0.1

Grade 4 8.5 29.5 20.7 12.2 7.4 3.0 0.4

Grade 5 2.7 19.1 22.8 16.5 12.4 6.6 0.8

Secondary education

Grade 1 0.6 8.5 18.3 26.0 18.3 14.0 3.2

Grade 2 0.0 1.5 8.2 17.3 20.3 18.5 5.7

Grade 3 0.2 1.4 6.6 14.3 22.6 9.4

Grade 4 0.1 0.8 2.0 5.7 15.0 11.7

Grade 5 0.7 6.1 17.8

Secondary grade 6+ or tertiary 0.0 0.0

Out of school 10.3 7.4 7.3 8.4 16.4 13.0 34.3

No data

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 6.2 Nepal: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), all girls 5-17 years, 2011

Note: Data for grade 6 of secondary education include attendance of grade 7 of secondary education and

of tertiary education.

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

en

t

5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17Age (years)



Primaryeducation

Secondaryeducation

Out ofschool

Nodata

9

6.3 Girls in urban households

Table 6.4 Nepal: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), urban girls 5-17 years, 2011

Age (years) 5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17

Pre-primary education 0.3

Primary education

Grade 1 36.4 1.7 0.4

Grade 2 19.9 10.5 3.5 1.8 0.3 0.2

Grade 3 24.0 15.0 7.7 7.4 1.5 0.6

Grade 4 13.0 25.7 21.0 6.5 3.0 1.6 0.1

Grade 5 2.6 29.5 20.3 11.9 6.9 2.7 0.7

Secondary education

Grade 1 1.0 10.6 24.8 29.6 20.3 11.6 1.6

Grade 2 0.1 3.5 12.9 26.4 19.9 19.4 2.8

Grade 3 2.2 10.2 21.5 22.3 6.1

Grade 4 0.6 2.5 3.7 15.5 23.6 8.0

Grade 5 2.7 8.2 21.8

Secondary grade 6+ or tertiary 0.4

Out of school 3.0 2.7 4.7 2.5 8.4 9.5 18.6

No data

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 6.3 Nepal: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), urban girls 5-17 years, 2011



0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

en

t

5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17Age (years)



Primaryeducation

Secondaryeducation

Out ofschool

Nodata

10

6.4 Girls in rural households

Table 6.5 Nepal: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), rural girls 5-17 years, 2011

Age (years) 5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17

Pre-primary education 1.8

Primary education

Grade 1 36.7 3.6 3.5 2.7 0.4 0.1

Grade 2 23.8 12.2 5.3 2.0 1.2 0.4 0.0

Grade 3 15.1 18.6 12.7 6.5 3.2 0.7 0.1

Grade 4 7.9 30.0 20.7 13.0 8.0 3.1 0.4

Grade 5 2.7 17.8 23.1 17.1 13.2 7.0 0.8

Secondary education

Grade 1 0.6 8.3 17.6 25.5 18.0 14.2 3.5

Grade 2 0.0 1.3 7.6 16.1 20.4 18.4 6.1

Grade 3 0.2 1.3 6.1 13.3 22.6 9.9

Grade 4 0.6 1.8 4.3 14.1 12.2

Grade 5 0.5 5.9 17.2


Out of school 11.2 8.0 7.6 9.2 17.5 13.4 36.7

No data

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 6.4 Nepal: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), rural girls 5-17 years, 2011



0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

en

t

5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17Age (years)



Primaryeducation

Secondaryeducation

Out ofschool

Nodata

11

6.5 Girls in households from the richest quintile

Table 6.6 Nepal: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), richest girls 5-17 years, 2011

Age (years) 5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17

Pre-primary education

Primary education

Grade 1 40.5 0.7 0.7

Grade 2 24.0 4.2 1.1 1.7

Grade 3 20.6 14.1 8.5 1.7 0.8 0.3

Grade 4 10.6 31.2 19.3 4.5 0.9

Grade 5 1.8 30.5 28.3 9.2 7.1 0.8 0.7

Secondary education

Grade 1 1.5 14.3 29.8 35.4 13.4 16.1 1.3

Grade 2 0.1 2.4 10.0 28.0 27.7 22.6 3.3

Grade 3 2.0 11.9 32.5 19.9 3.6

Grade 4 0.5 0.9 5.9 14.4 26.0 11.8

Grade 5 0.4 9.5 24.4


Out of school 0.9 2.2 0.2 1.2 2.7 4.5 11.5

No data

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 6.5 Nepal: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), richest girls 5-17 years, 2011



0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

en

t

5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17Age (years)



Primaryeducation

Secondaryeducation

Out ofschool

Nodata

12

6.6 Girls in households from the poorest quintile

Table 6.7 Nepal: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), poorest girls 5-17 years, 2011

Age (years) 5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17

Pre-primary education 3.4 0.1

Primary education

Grade 1 30.8 3.1 2.1 4.3 0.6

Grade 2 25.2 13.6 3.6 2.7 0.1 0.1

Grade 3 15.9 22.3 14.5 11.5 1.8 3.0 0.1

Grade 4 7.5 29.0 19.9 17.7 12.6 8.1 0.8

Grade 5 1.7 14.3 26.0 23.4 15.1 14.4 1.8

Secondary education

Grade 1 0.4 5.8 13.0 23.3 23.6 16.5 5.5

Grade 2 0.1 4.0 6.7 12.0 11.0 9.9

Grade 3 0.8 2.7 6.0 16.2 12.1

Grade 4 0.3 3.0 3.8 9.1

Grade 5 9.9

Secondary grade 6+ or tertiary

Out of school 14.9 11.8 16.2 7.2 25.8 26.4 49.1

No data

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 6.6 Nepal: School attendance by age, level and grade (%), poorest girls 5-17 years, 2011



0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

en

t

5-8 9 10 11 12 13 14-17Age (years)



Primaryeducation

Secondaryeducation

Out ofschool

Nodata

13

7. Location: Which education levels and grades do girls aged 9-13 attend?

7.1 Summary

As seen in Table 2.1, according to the national education system, children aged 9-13 should be in grade

5 of primary education and grades 1 to 4 of lower secondary education. Based on findings of a DHS

conducted in Nepal in 2011, the grades girls 9-13 attend are quite similar to the theoretical grades for

their age; however, it should be noted that girls 9-13 are also present in primary grades 2, 3 and 4. The

grades with the highest shares of the target group are grade 5 of primary education and 1 and 2 in lower

secondary education; more than 74% of the female students attending those grades are 9-13 years old.

Primary grade 5 has the highest share of 9-13 year old students (85%), followed by lower secondary

grades 1 (84.6%) and 2 (74.8%).

The age-grade attendance patterns in urban and rural areas were similar. Due to late entry into school,

repetition or temporary dropout, female students in rural areas aged 9-13 are more likely to attend lower

primary grades than their peers in urban areas. The data show that in urban areas, the grade with the

highest share (90%) of 9-13 year old female students is in lower secondary education grade 1, and in

rural areas the highest share (85.1%) is in primary education grade 5.

A comparison of female students from the richest and poorest household quintiles in Nepal reveals large

disparities in the grades they attend. Female students aged 9-13 from the richest households are most

likely to attend grades 5 of primary education (89%) and lower secondary education grades 1 (91.3%)

and 2 (87.6%). Likewise, female students from the poorest households are most likely to be in primary

grade 5 (87.2%) and lower secondary education grade 1 (79.7%) as well as in primary education grade 4

(72.3%).

Table 7.1 Nepal: Percentage of female students in each grade who are 9-13 years old, 2011

Primary Education (ISCED 1) Secondary Education (ISCED 2 and 3)

Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 6

Total 6.6 19.5 40.8 69.3 85.0 84.6 74.8 54.8 32.4 7.3 0.0

Urban 1.6 17.8 26.6 53.9 84.7 90.0 86.3 67.8 55.0 8.2 0.1

Rural 7.2 19.6 43.0 71.2 85.1 83.9 73.3 53.1 29.1 7.1

Richest quintile

0.9 7.1 25.0 58.6 89.0 91.3 87.6 83.2 50.8 7.8 0.0

Poorest quintile

7.0 16.6 44.3 72.3 87.2 79.7 50.5 36.6 18.0


Tables 7.2 to 7.6 and Figures 7.1 to 7.5 offer more data on the age of female students in Nepal by level

and grade.

14

7.2 All girls

Table 7.2 Nepal: Age by education level and grade attended (%), all girls, 2011


Age Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 4 Gr 5 Gr 6

5-8 93.4 80.3 58.8 29.3 10.8 2.3 0.2 0.1

9 2.4 11.6 18.6 28.6 21.4 8.6 1.7 0.2 0.1

10 2.1 4.5 11.5 18.6 23.6 17.2 8.7 1.6 1.0

11 1.7 1.9 6.7 11.7 18.4 26.0 19.7 8.1 2.8

12 0.3 1.1 3.3 7.7 14.8 19.8 25.0 19.0 8.7 0.9

13 0.1 0.3 0.7 2.6 6.8 13.0 19.7 25.9 19.7 6.4 0.0

14-17 0.2 0.4 1.3 3.2 12.1 24.0 42.8 61.3 74.3 35.7

18-23 0.1 0.2 0.9 1.0 1.0 2.5 6.3 18.4 64.1

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 7.1 Nepal: Age by education level and grade attended (%), all girls, 2011

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

en

t

Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6

Primary Secondary


Ages5-8

Age 9 Age 10 Age 11 Age 12 Age 13Ages14-17

Ages18-23

15

7.3 Girls in urban households

Table 7.3 Nepal: Age by education level and grade attended (%), urban girls, 2011



5-8 98.4 81.2 73.4 45.7 11.5 3.3 0.5

9 1.3 11.9 12.8 25.3 36.4 10.3 3.8 0.8

10 0.3 3.5 5.7 17.8 21.5 20.5 12.2 2.4 2.8

11 2.0 6.2 6.3 14.5 28.2 28.7 12.7 4.8

12 0.4 1.5 3.4 9.9 22.7 25.5 31.7 23.6 2.8

13 0.4 1.2 2.5 8.3 16.0 21.0 23.0 5.4 0.1

14-17 1.0 0.4 3.8 6.3 12.9 31.8 43.2 79.1 41.1

18-23 0.3 0.3 0.4 1.8 12.7 58.8

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 7.2 Nepal: Age by education level and grade attended (%), urban girls, 2011

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

en

t


Primary Secondary


Ages5-8


Ages18-23

16

7.4 Girls in rural households

Table 7.4 Nepal: Age by education level and grade attended (%), rural girls, 2011



5-8 92.8 80.2 56.4 27.2 10.8 2.2 0.2 0.1

9 2.6 11.5 19.5 29.1 19.7 8.4 1.5 0.2

10 2.3 4.7 12.5 18.7 23.8 16.7 8.2 1.6 0.8

11 1.9 1.9 6.8 12.5 18.8 25.8 18.5 7.5 2.5

12 0.3 1.2 3.5 8.2 15.4 19.4 24.9 17.4 6.6 0.6

13 0.1 0.4 0.7 2.8 7.3 13.7 20.2 26.5 19.2 6.5

14-17 0.1 0.5 1.4 3.1 12.9 25.5 44.2 64.0 73.5 33.7

18-23 0.1 0.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 2.7 6.9 19.4 66.1

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 7.3 Nepal: Age by education level and grade attended (%), rural girls, 2011

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

en

t


Primary Secondary


Ages5-8


Ages18-23

17

7.5 Girls in households from the richest quintile

Table 7.5 Nepal: Age by education level and grade attended (%), richest girls, 2011



5-8 99.1 92.9 75.0 41.4 7.6 4.6 0.3

9 0.4 4.1 13.1 31.0 33.0 10.7 2.0 0.4

10 1.2 8.8 21.4 33.9 24.9 9.3 2.3 1.0

11 0.5 1.9 1.8 5.1 11.4 30.4 26.9 14.5 6.4

12 1.0 1.1 9.8 12.8 29.6 44.3 17.5 0.4

13 0.3 0.9 12.5 19.7 22.0 25.5 7.4 0.0

14-17 3.4 4.2 12.1 16.8 48.7 79.1 36.7

18-23 0.6 13.1 63.2

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 7.4 Nepal: Age by education level and grade attended (%), richest girls, 2011

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

en

t


Primary Secondary


Ages5-8


Ages18-23

18

7.6 Girls in households from the poorest quintile

Table 7.6 Nepal: Age by education level and grade attended (%), poorest girls, 2011



5-8 93.0 82.7 55.4 25.7 7.0 1.7 0.8

9 2.5 12.0 21.0 26.8 15.6 6.5

10 1.3 2.5 10.7 14.6 22.4 11.4 5.4 1.1

11 2.8 1.9 8.7 13.1 20.4 20.7 9.3 3.8 0.7

12 0.1 1.8 12.1 17.0 27.2 21.5 10.7 9.0

13 0.4 2.1 5.7 11.8 13.9 14.3 21.0 8.4

14-17 0.2 0.3 2.0 5.4 17.0 46.9 57.6 73.6 78.9 23.1

18-23 0.4 0.4 1.5 1.8 5.8 8.3 21.1 76.9

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0


Figure 7.5 Nepal: Age by education level and grade attended (%), poorest girls, 2011

0

20

40

60

80

100

Perc

en

t


Primary Secondary


Ages5-8


Ages18-23

19

8. School attendance by age and grade Table 8.1 summarizes school attendance by age grade as a percentage of the female population between 5 and 23 years of age in Nepal, based on data from the DHS 2011. It shows the percentage of girls by single year of age who are in and out of school. Table 8.1 Nepal: School attendance by age and grade (% of population of single year of age), female population, 2011

Age (years)

Pre-primary

ed.

Primary education Secondary education Sec. grade 6+

or tertiary

Out of school

No data Total (%) Total (n) Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5

5 3.9 63.9 14.7 2.3 0.2 0.1 14.8 100.0 589 6 1.6 47.0 27.0 12.4 3.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 8.2 100.0 638 7 0.5 21.6 32.3 24.2 11.6 2.2 0.8 0.2 6.7 100.0 607 8 0.5 12.2 18.7 26.4 19.9 9.0 1.7 11.7 100.0 563 9 0.0 3.4 12.0 18.2 29.5 19.1 8.5 1.5 0.2 0.1 7.4 100.0 675

10 3.2 5.1 12.2 20.7 22.8 18.3 8.2 1.4 0.8 7.3 100.0 580 11 2.4 2.0 6.6 12.2 16.5 26.0 17.3 6.6 2.0 8.4 100.0 696 12 0.4 1.1 3.0 7.4 12.4 18.3 20.3 14.3 5.7 0.7 16.4 100.0 714 13 0.1 0.4 0.7 3.0 6.6 14.0 18.5 22.6 15.0 6.1 0.0 13.0 100.0 603 14 0.2 0.4 0.7 1.9 7.3 11.7 17.6 21.6 14.5 3.0 21.2 100.0 605 15 0.1 0.7 0.8 3.8 6.4 9.8 12.5 22.8 13.6 29.5 100.0 561 16 0.5 1.6 4.0 8.4 10.4 19.7 21.5 33.9 100.0 598 17 0.1 0.5 0.9 2.1 2.8 14.8 27.4 51.4 100.0 675 18 0.3 0.4 0.7 1.5 3.1 9.0 30.8 54.0 100.0 550 19 0.2 0.6 0.4 1.7 4.7 32.3 60.0 100.0 506 20 0.2 2.4 26.7 70.7 100.0 545 21 0.2 0.2 0.3 2.6 19.5 77.2 100.0 551 22 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 1.3 17.1 80.6 100.0 474 23 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.5 11.7 87.0 100.0 479

Source: Nepal DHS 2011. Notes: n = number of observations in survey data (female population 5-23 years per single year of age).

20

Table 8.2 summarizes school attendance by age and grade for the female population between 5 and 23 years of age in Nepal, based on data from the DHS 2011. It shows the age distribution of girls in each category of education status. Table 8.2 Nepal: School attendance by age and grade (% of education status category), female population, 2011

Age (years)

Pre-primary

Prim grade 1

Prim grade 2

Prim grade 3

Prim grade 4

Prim grade 5

Sec grade 1

Sec grade 2

Sec grade 3

Sec grade 4

Sec grade 5

Sec grade 6

Out of school

No data

5 58.5 40.2 12.5 2.1 0.2 0.1 2.4

6 26.3 32.1 24.9 12.1 3.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 1.4

7 8.2 13.9 28.0 22.3 10.1 2.2 0.7 0.2 1.1

8 6.5 7.2 14.9 22.3 15.9 8.3 1.4 1.8

9 0.6 2.4 11.6 18.6 28.6 21.4 8.6 1.7 0.2 0.1 1.3

10 2.1 4.5 11.5 18.6 23.6 17.2 8.7 1.6 1.0 1.2

11 1.7 1.9 6.7 11.7 18.4 26.0 19.7 8.1 2.8 1.5

12 0.3 1.1 3.3 7.7 14.8 19.8 25.0 19.0 8.7 0.9 3.2

13 0.1 0.3 0.7 2.6 6.8 13.0 19.7 25.9 19.7 6.4 0.0 2.2

14 0.2 0.4 0.6 2.0 6.8 12.4 20.3 28.5 15.2 1.6 3.6

15 0.1 0.6 0.7 3.3 6.3 10.4 15.2 22.0 6.8 4.6

16 0.5 1.5 4.2 9.6 13.6 20.6 11.6 5.7

17 0.1 0.5 1.0 2.5 4.0 16.5 15.7 9.1

18 0.3 0.4 0.7 1.5 3.5 8.1 14.3 7.8

19 0.2 0.5 0.4 1.9 4.1 14.7 8.5

20 0.3 2.3 13.2 10.8

21 0.2 0.2 0.4 2.5 9.8 12.0

22 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 1.0 7.0 10.3

23 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.4 5.1 11.7

Total (%) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0

Total (n) 92 1,295 709 724 722 627 697 605 549 495 647 1,273 3,342 0

Source: Nepal DHS 2011 Notes: n = number of observations in survey data (female population 5-23 years in each grade or level of education).

21

Table 8.3 summarizes school attendance by age and grade in absolute numbers. For this analysis, school attendance rates from the DHS 2011 were applied to UNPD population estimates for Nepal for the year 2013. This assumes that attendance rates in 2013 are the same as in the most recent year with household survey data. Table 8.3 Nepal: School attendance by age and grade (1,000), female population, 2013

Age (years)

Pre-primary

ed.

Primary education Secondary education Sec. grade 6+ or tertiary

Out of school

No data Total Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5

5 13.2 217.7 50.0 7.9 0.8 0.5 50.5 340.5 6 5.5 162.4 93.2 42.9 11.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 28.5 345.8 7 1.8 75.6 113.2 84.8 40.5 7.6 2.8 0.7 23.6 350.7 8 1.6 43.3 66.5 94.0 70.6 32.0 6.0 41.5 355.6 9 0.1 12.2 43.3 65.6 106.4 68.9 30.7 5.5 0.6 0.2 26.7 360.2

10 11.6 18.5 44.3 75.2 82.6 66.6 29.7 5.2 2.8 26.5 363.1 11 8.7 7.2 24.1 44.4 60.1 94.4 62.8 23.8 7.2 30.5 363.3 12 1.3 3.9 10.8 26.7 44.8 66.2 73.5 51.8 20.7 2.7 59.2 361.5 13 0.5 1.4 2.5 10.6 23.7 50.2 66.6 81.2 53.8 21.9 0.1 46.8 359.4 14 0.6 1.4 2.4 6.9 25.9 41.6 62.9 77.0 51.6 10.7 75.5 356.6 15 0.3 2.5 2.7 13.6 22.6 34.5 44.1 80.3 48.1 104.0 352.8 16 1.6 5.5 13.9 29.3 36.1 68.7 74.7 118.0 347.8 17 0.3 1.6 3.2 7.1 9.7 50.6 93.6 175.7 341.9 18 1.2 1.5 2.5 5.1 10.5 30.3 103.2 181.3 335.5 19 0.8 2.1 1.4 5.5 15.4 106.2 197.2 328.5 20 0.8 7.6 85.8 227.1 321.2 21 0.7 0.6 1.1 8.0 61.3 242.2 313.8 22 0.6 1.1 0.7 0.6 4.0 52.4 246.9 306.2 23 0.5 1.5 0.5 1.3 35.0 259.5 298.4

Total 22.3 533.3 398.3 378.6 392.8 335.5 368.3 323.7 304.7 270.1 342.3 671.8 2,161.2 0.0 6,502.7

Sources: Attendance rates: Nepal DHS 2011. Population estimates: UNPD World Population Prospects 2010. Note: School attendance rates from the DHS 2011 were applied to UNDP population estimates for the year 2013.

22

9. References

Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP) [Nepal], New ERA, and ICF International Inc. 2012. Nepal

Demographic and Health Survey 2011. Kathmandu, Nepal: Ministry of Health and Population,

New ERA, and ICF International, Calverton, Maryland.

UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). 2013. “ISCED 1997 Mappings”. Montreal: UIS.

http://www.uis.unesco.org/Education/ISCEDMappings/Pages/default.aspx.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). 2006. ISCED 1997:

International Standard Classification of Education. Montreal: UNESCO Institute for Statistics.

United Nations Population Division. 2011a. “Data Sources. File 0-2: Latest Data Sources Used to Derive

Estimates for Total Population: World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision”. New York:

UNPD. http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/unpp/panel_population.htm.

———. 2011b. World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision. New York: UNPD.

nepal: age distribution and school attendance of girls ... · table 4.1 presents un population...

Documents