nervous system the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external...

Nervous System •the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the organism to maintain Homeostasis

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Nervous System

•the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the organism to maintain Homeostasis

•it works closely with the Endocrine system but it produces a quicker response than hormones do.

•there are 5 key parts to the functioning of the nervous system:

Page 3: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

•1. Reception of sensory information by receptors.

•2. Transmission of this information via Sensory neurons.

•3. Interpretation of the information by the brain.

Page 4: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

•4. Transmission of a response by a Motor Neuron.

•5. Response produced by Effectors:•organs, muscles and glands

Page 5: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

THE NEURON

•a neuron is a nerve cell with special membranes that produce electrical impulses

•a neuron is composed of the following parts:

Page 6: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

Dendrites

•Short extensions from the cell body that receive stimulus information from receptor cells or other neurons and deliver it to the cell body.

Page 7: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

Cell Body

•contains the major cell organelles

•acts as a bridge, allowing conduction of information between dendrites and axons

Page 8: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

Axon

•a long thin extension of the cell body responsible for conducting nerve impulses away from the cell body.

•axons in the PNS, are coated with MYELIN an insulating material that increases the speed of nerve impulses

Page 9: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

•Myelin, a fatty protein coat is made from SCHWANN CELLS

•tiny spaces located between the areas of myelin are called NODES OF RANVIER, impulses jump from one node to the next increasing their speed.

Page 10: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

•axons in the PNS are also coated with a membrane called the NEURILEMMA, this promotes the regeneration of damaged axons.

Page 11: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

•axons end in nodules called SYNAPTIC KNOBS; they contain neurotransmitter chemicals that allow conduction across the synapse.

Page 12: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

•Draw a labeled motor diagram.

•Under the diagram, explain neurilemma and the difference between white and gray matter. (Nelson Textbook: Page 409-410)

Page 13: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

TYPES OF NEURONS

•three types:

•1. Sensory Neuron: conducts impulses from sensory receptors (touch, temperature, etc.) towards the brain or spinal cord.

Page 14: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

•2. Interneurons: act as a relay station between sensory and motor neurons; normally found in the brain and spinal cord.

Page 15: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

•3. Motor Neurons: conduct impulses from the interneurons to the effectors

•neurons conduct impulses or ACTION POTENTIALS in one direction only, from dendrites to the synaptic knobs (Axon Terminal).

Page 16: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

•neurons can transmit their impulse to another neuron or to a muscle

•the point where a neuron comes in contact with another neuron is called a SYNAPSE

Page 17: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

•the point where a neuron comes in contact with a muscle is called a NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION

Page 18: Nervous System the nervous system receives and interprets information from the internal and external environment and produces a response that allows the

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