net 101 computer terminologies

NET 101Computer Terminologies

Nada M AlGhamdi

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Course References

1) Eric Glendinning and John McEwan, "Oxford English for Information Technology", Oxford University Press, Student's Book, 2006 (Main reference)

2) Eric Glendinning and John McEwan, "Basic English for Computing", Oxford University Press, Student's Book (Optional reference)

3) "Oxford Dictionary of Computing for Learners of English", Oxford University Press, Latest edition.

4) Some related websites.

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Course Topics

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Week #Chapter #Week

#Chapter #

212 - The Internet818 - Data Security 1

313 - The WWW1019 - Data Security 2

414 - Websites1120 - Interview: The ex-hacker

515 - Webpage Creator1221 - Software Engineering

616 - Communications Systems1322 - People in Computing

717 - Computing Support14File Structures and Databases

General Notes

Homework's:•There will be a homework at the end of each

unit. •No late submissions AT ALL !!•Copying from another student will result in a

ZERO mark for both students.

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General Notes

Exams and quizzes:• Exams will cover materials from the textbook, as well as

material presented in the class.

• Students who are absent on a quiz day will not be allowed to make up the quiz.

• Students who are absent on Midterm exam day due to illness are required to bring a signed medical excuse letter.

• It is the student’s responsibility to contact the instructor if the midterm exam was missed within one (1) day following the scheduled exam date.

• The questions on makeup exams may differ from those on the exam given on time.

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Unit 12

The Internet

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Introduction

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Introduction

The Internet (commonly called the Net) is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide.

Internet ServicesInternet Services

Different services are made available on the Internet including:

1.Email (electronic mail): for sending and receiving messages.

2. Usenet (User Network) : an internet service that allows users to communicate by means of newsgroups.

Groups of users who send and read messages on a particular topic.


3. IRC (Internet relay chat):Chatting to other users using text messages in

real-time (immediately, while users are logged on to the system)

4. FTP (file transfer protocol):Copying files between computers on a network.

• Downloading

• Uploading

Copying files from a server computer to a client computerCopying files from a client computer to a server computer


5. Telnet ( Teletype Network ):Logging on to your local server across a

network communications system at a distance e.g. from another country.

Connecting to a network system account, normally using a

password

6. MOOs (Multi-user domain that is Object-Oriented):

▫ MOOs are network accessible, multi-user, programmable , interactive systems well-suited to the construction of text-based adventure games, conferencing systems, and other collaborative software.

▫ Is a text-based online virtual reality system to which multiple users (players) are connected at the same time.

▫ Taking part in simulations in a shared environment. Each person assumes a person and communicates using text messages.

7. WWW (the World Wide Web):

▫Commonly referred to as the Web.▫Contains interlinked documents called webpages.

▫ A website is a set of related webpages stored together on a server computer.

▫Browsing means moving from one webpage to another.

8. Social Networks:

▫ A social network service is an online service, platform, or site that focuses on building and reflecting of social networks or social relations among people, e.g., who share interests and/or activities. E.g. Facebook, MySpace and Twitter,

▫ A social network service essentially consists of a representation of each user (often a profile), his/her social links, and a variety of additional services.

▫ Social network services make it possible to connect people who share interests and activities across political, economic, and geographic borders.

Social Networks

▫Facebook launched in 2004, has since become the largest social networking site in the world.

▫Twitter set the trend for "real time" services, where users can broadcast to the world what they are doing, or what is on their minds within a 140 character limit.

Computer-mediated communication (CMC)

• A term used to describe systems that allow users to communicate using a computer network.

Asynchronous

Synchronous

Participants are not on-line at the same time and there are delays between messages.

Participants are on-line at the same time. There may be a few seconds delay but the communication is closer to face-to-face interaction.

Computer-mediated Computer-mediated communication (CMC)communication (CMC)

•Examples of asynchronous communication:▫Mobile phone text messages.▫Emails.▫Bulletin boards.▫newsgroups/discussion lists.

•Examples of synchronous communication:• Chat rooms.▫MOOs.▫Audio and videoconferencing.


•Videoconferencing:a form of communication over a network that uses video cameras so that the people taking part can see and hear each other.


Video conferencing

•With the exception of videoconferencing, there is no way to show facial expressions and emotions in text-based CMC systems.

•To compensate, users have developed a number of strategies including: ▫Abbreviations and acronyms. E.g. LOL,

BRB.▫Simplified syntax. E.g. C U L8R.▫Symbols and exclamation marks. E.g

Yeeeees!!▫Emoticons: symbols indicating emotions.

E.g. :-(


Emoticons

• Most users connect to the internet using a modem.

• Modem (modulator-demodulator) is an electronic device that converts signals to enable a computer to be connected to an ordinary telephone line thru a server and a router owned by an ISP (Internet service provider).

• ISP is a company that offers its customers access to the Internet.

• ISPs employ a range of data transmission technologies to enable customers to connect to the internet, such as dial-up, DSL, cable modem, satellite Internet access, fiber to the home (FTTH).

• ISP also provide help and support services to its customers.

Internet Service Provider (ISP)Internet Service Provider (ISP)

To attract users to connect through their system, ISPs offer various options including:

1.Unlimited number of email addresses with filtering of email to remove Junk email (unwanted email normally advertising or trying to sell something).

2. Web-based mail allows users to access their email form any computer with Internet access.

3.POP3 email requires a special email program. It is faster and more efficient.


4. Unlimited Web space for setting up your own website and viruses checking facilities for checking your computer files to detect programs written with the purpose of causing damage or causing a computer to behave in an unusual way.


Web space file storage space for storing webpage files

Website a set of related pages stored on a server on the world wide web.

ISPInternet Service

Provider

Starter

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1. D2. G3. B4. C5. F6. A7. e

Starter 1

Reading

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Reading 2ExtractA

Type of CMCMOO

Number of participants5

Topics- Virtual Reality game,.- Navigation within the MOO

Synchronous or asynchronousSynchronous

Special features of this CMC type

- Emoticons- Characters can express themselves by words, informal punctuations.

Reading 2ExtractB

Type of CMCWeb chat (forum , or bulletin board)

Number of participants3

TopicsMovies

Synchronous or asynchronousAsynchronous


- Very informal.-Some use of abbreviations, e.g. lol-No opening or closing phrases.

Reading 2ExtractC

Type of CMCNewsgroup.

Number of participantsMessage is addressed to all group members.

TopicsTop ten albums.

Synchronous or asynchronousAsynchronous


- informal.-No opening or closing phrases although this one is signed.

Language Work

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Language Work: Warnings

Warnings are used to:•Ensure safety.•Prevent damage to equipment and breaches

of security.•Ensure the law is not broken.


-1- The simplest warning are basic instructions NOT to do something:

1. Don’t do X2. Never do X3. Avoid Xing4. No Xing

For example:1- Never give out your home address or phone

number.2- Avoid turning off main power while computer is

running.3- No smoking, eating or drinking at the computer

lab.

-2- Sometime the warning is twinned with matching good practice:

1. Always do Y; never do X.2. Do Y rather than doing X.

For example:1- Use an IC extraction tool rather than a

screwdriver.



-3- Warning may be made stronger by using :

1.must/must not 2.should/ should not.

For example:1- You must not drink coffee in this lab. If you

spill it you may damage the keyboard.


-4- If there is any reason to fear the warning may not be understood, a reason for the warning may be added.

For example:1- Never remove ICs with a screwdriver. The

pins are very fragile.

Where might you see these warning ?

1. Advice for using IRC.2. Chassis of computer (Computer case).3. Computer handbook. (Computer

Manual).4. Data protection Act.5. Computer lab notice.6. Technician’s handbook.


Language Work

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1. Avoid giving open access to PCs because you

may get viruses.

2. Never use your own programs on these machines. You may introduce viruses.

3. You must not drink coffee in this lab. If you spill it you may damage the keyboard.

4. Don’t give financial information in a chat rom. Some one may try to cheat you.

5. Always keep your password a secret. Someone may hack in to your system.

6. Use up to date antivirus software. New viruses appear all the time.

7. Always wait until a computer has reached normal room temperature before using it or you may damage the hard disk.

8. Never remove cards from their anti-static packing until required. Otherwise you may damage them.

9. Use an IC extraction tool rather than a screwdriver. The pins are fragile.

10. You must not work on a computer with the power on because you may be electrocuted.

Specialist Reading

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Specialist Reading – Part A

1. Line 92. Line 123. Line 134. One5. Line 286. Line 357. Line 458. Line 52

HOMEWORK Specialist Reading – Part B

net 101 computer terminologies

Documents

introductionthe internet

internet services3

network communications

network system account

text messages

oxford english

students responsibility

billions of users