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Network and Switch Operations

COMPANY PROFILEHeaded by Mr. Bharti Sunil MittalHead Quarters in New Delhi, India.Operating in 20 countries across Asia, Africa and

the Channel IslandsFourth largest mobile telecommunication company in

the world with over 261 million subscribers across 20 countries as of August 2012

Largest cellular service provider in India, with 183.61 million subscribers as of November 2012.

Its network—base stations, microwave links, etc.—is maintained by Ericsson and Nokia Siemens Network whereas business support is provided by IBM, and transmission towers are maintained by Bharti Infratel Ltd. in India.

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF GENERAL GSM SYSTEM

N/W SWITCHING SUBSYSTEM

Internship Profile

VIEW OF SWITCH ROOM OF AIRTEL

ERICSSON’S AXE SYSTEM STRUCTURE1. GROUP SWITCH Switch and the devices

is provided by the

DL-34 Each GEM contains

two switch boards - one for

each switching plane. The

interface between the Group.

2. APZ CENTRAL PROCESSORThe APZ, the heart of the AXE, provides a flexible and a powerful control system offering high hardware fault tolerance. In the event of a fault, control may be swapped to the other side with minimum or no impact on traffic handling capability.

3. ADJUNCT PROCESSOR GROUP(APG) It is interface between CP of MSC and HUMAN

SINGLE APG Node

NODE TO NODE CONNECTIONS

EXTERNAL CONNECTIVITY (one node)

DIGITAL AUDIO TAPE

It is used to take all the three backups. Digital audio tape can also refer to a compact cassette with digital storage. Digital Audio Tape (DAT or R-DAT) is a signal recording and playback medium. DAT cassette may only be recorded on one side.DAT is used in the telecom industry mainly as a computer data storage medium.

WINFOIL Software

It is software required to operate APG node through

computer and it can be used-

For checking Node Status For checking ServicesFor checking Health, Clock, Temperature,

ISTFor testingFor system backups- CP, RTR, APG

The snapshot of winfoil software

WINFOIL COMMANDS Active APG node

eaw MSC1 {Logs into MSC1}

aploc; {Enters into C:\}

hostname {hostname and active node}

exit; {Exits the MSC1}IP Configrationeaw node name {Logs into node} aploc; {Enters into C:\} ipconfig {hostname and active node} exit; {Exits the node}

IP Configuration

HEALTH CHECK

Welcome SMS testingSMS testing Call testingAlarmsCard Redundancies

Health Check

WELCOME SMS TESTINGWhenever a subscriber latches on to home network from

the other network/area then Home network gives Welcome SMS to the subscriber. Winback SMS is the acknowledgment to the subscriber that you have logged off the preferred network (Airtel).

SMS TESTINGIn SMS testing following steps are performed: MO (Mobile Originating) SMS from test Sim to Airtel Sim. MT (Mobile Terminating) SMS to test Sim from Airtel

Sim.CALL TESTINGIn call testing following steps are performed: MO (Mobile Originating) call from test Sim to Airtel Sim MT (Mobile Terminating) call to test Sim from Airtel Sim.

ALARMSAlarms are used to check faults in the nodes.The commands used are:dpwsp;This command is used to check the state whether

normal or not.Plldp;This command is used to check Processor load. Pload

should be below 60.allip:acl=a1;It displays most critical alarms.allip:acl=a2;It displays more critical alarms.allip:acl=a3;This command displays critical alarms.

Alarm List

Clock eaw MSC1 {Logs into MSC1} nsdap; {checking deviation} nsstp; {checking state} exit; {Exits the MSC1}Temperature eaw MSC1 {Logs into MSC1} aploc; {Enters into C:\} C library location {pre defined} exit; {Exits the MSC1}

Clock Sheet

Temperature Sheet

Node- IST Reference eaw MSC1 {Logs into MSC1} caclp; {For comparing the node time

and IST} exit; {Exits the MSC1}Subscriber Identity eaw HLR1/2

{Chose HLR}

hgsdp: MSISDN=919815219167,all;{Subscriber Details}

exit; {Exits the HLR}

Node- IST Reference

Subscriber Identity

SUPPLEMENTARY SERVICES TEST1. Barring of all outgoing calls (BAOC)2. Barring calls except home country (BOIC-EXHC)

of all outgoing international calls (BOIC)3. Barring of all outgoing 4. Barring of all incoming calls5. Call forwarding when not reachable (CFNRC):

IMSI DETACH case6. Call forwarding when not reachable (CFNRC):

SWITCH OFF case7. Call forwarding when no busy8. Call forwarding when no reply9. Call forwarding unconditional

SOME OF THE OPERATIONS ARE:

1. BARRING I/0 CALLS2. CHANGING PASSWORD 3. CALL FORWARDING4. PROFILE PROVISIONING 5. DEFAULT SPEECH SERVICE PROVISIONINGThe basic service group speech transmission

service is defined as default basic service group for the mobile subscriber with MSISDN 919815757639.

6. FINDING OWN CALLING ADDRESS Finding address information of the international

and national own calling address defined for the node, containing entities such as MSC/VLR, GMSC, SMS-GMSC and SMS-IWGMSC.

7. ACTIVATION AND DEACTIVATION OF SUPPLEMENTARY SERVICES

BACKUPS

Backups are basically taken for the purpose of redundancy. As the software is loaded for all the hardware installed which is very much prone to errors and bugs, also the network changes are being made continuously, so it becomes very essential to have a back up, a duplicate copy of all the changes made and that is kept up to date.

• APG(Adjunct Processor Group)- Monthly• RTR(Regular Transfer Record) or TT(Toll Ticketing)-

Everyday• CP(Central Processor)-Weekly

Checking the online tapes and last retrieved backup

ERICSSON’S LIVE PROJECT

1. R13. UPGRADE OF ALL MOBILE SWITCHING CENTRES Till the year 2010, All the MSCs of Punjab were running on Windows

NT platform with software version R12.0. From time to time MSCs software needs to get upgraded from older version to current version i.e R13.0 which in turns provide enhancement in certain features.

The R13.0 upgrade in all MSCs is targeted to provide the customer with new feature known as MOBILE NUMBER PORTABILITY.

The R13.0 upgrade increased the traffic handling capacity of MSC.

2. MOBILE NUMBER PORTABILITY Mobile Number Portability (MNP) basically is a process that allows

the customer to keep their mobile number irrespective of who their network operator is. So, if they switch between operators, they don’t have to go to the trouble of advising all their friends/family/colleagues that their number has changed – it stays the same.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS The R13.0 upgrade is done making one node of MSC

redundant and other as Prime. While R13.0 software upgrade is fed to the primary node, all

the call routing is undertaken by the other active node. When the other node is fed to the upgrade the redundant

node is made active and the call routing gets switched to the other node.

4. TESTING AND IMPLEMENTATION After the upgradation of MSC is done, then the MSC is tested

whether all the calls, messages are being routed. In order to provide the Mobile number portability feature, a

pre-testing phase was undertaken by Ericsson in November followed by a 2nd testing phase in January.

Removing all the flaws from the system, the Mobile Number Portability scheme is ready and improved by R13.0 upgradation.

FUTURE PROJECTS BLADE CLUSTER:

A blade server is a stripped-down server computer with a modular design optimized to minimize the use of physical space and energy. Whereas a standard rack mount server can function with (at least) a power cord and network cable, blade servers have many components removed to save space, minimize power consumption and other considerations, while still having all the functional components to be considered a computer.

4G TECHNOLOGY:

4G refers to the fourth generation of cellular wireless and is a successor to 3G and 2G standards.

4G is being developed to accommodate the QoS and rate requirements set by forthcoming applications like wireless broadband access, Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS), video chat, mobile TV, HDTV content, Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB), minimal services like voice and data, and other services that utilize bandwidth.

- Parampreet Caur B090020257

THANK YOU