network topologies final final
TRANSCRIPT
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NetworkTopologies
BY-ADIL REHMAN BHAT
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Terminology
Networking consists of computers, wiring, and otherdevices, such as hubs, switches, and routers thatmake up the network infrastructure.
Topology (from the Greek word topos meaningplace) is a description of any kind of locality in termsof its layout.
There are two ways to describe a network topology.
1. Physical topology2. Logical Topology
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Client a computer that allows a user to logonto the network and take advantages of theresources on the network.
Server Much more powerful computer thatprovides centralized administration of thenetwork and serves up the resources thatare available on the network.
Terminology
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Client/Server
Client/Server networkoperating systems allowthe network to centralizefunctions andapplications in one ormore file servers
Advantages
Centralized
Scalable
Flexible
Interoperable
Accessible
Disadvantages
Maintenance
Expense
Dependence
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Peer to Peer
Each computer actsboth as a client andserver.
Advantages
Less expense
Easy setup
Decentralized
Disadvantages
Security
Decentralized
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Standard PhysicalTopologies
Star
Ring
Mesh
Bus2223
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Bus Topology
Characterized by a main trunk or backbone line withnetworked computers attached at intervals along thetrunk line.
Passive topology
Typically use coaxial cable hooked to each computerusing a T-connector.
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Bus Topology cont.
Coaxial Cable Connectors
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Star Topology
Computers on the network connect to acentralized connectivity device,usually a hub or a switch.
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Ring Topology
Connects the LAN computersone after the other on the
wire in a physical circle. Moves info on the wire in one
direction, considered anactive topology.
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Mesh Topology
All nodes are directly connected with allother nodes.
Best choice when fault tolerance isrequired.
Very difficult to setup and maintain.
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Standard LogicalTopologies
The way in which data accesses themedium (cable) and transmits packets.
There are only two: Ring and Bus
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Logical Topology: Ring
In the ring logical topology only one node can sendinformation across the network at any giventime. This is done by way of a token.
Each terminal receives this special packet, and if ithas data to send, it will do so.
Once it has sent the data, it passes the token tothe next station.
Used for very fast networks No collisions
Susceptible to faults
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Logical Topology: Bus
Each time a node on a network has datafor another node the sending nodebroadcasts to the entire network.
Stations can always transmit.
Less susceptible to breaks.
Collisions (two stations transmitting at once) have to bedealt with.
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Selecting a Topology
Needs:Do you need very high speeds?
Will you be moving really large files?
Maintenance:
Do you want something (relatively) painless?
Cost:
Are you on a budget?
Do you want replacement parts easily accessible?
Geography:How far is it between stations?Will you be relocating stations often?
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Thank you!
Questions?