networkin mis
TRANSCRIPT
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Computer NetworksOverview of data communications
and networking
Presented by:
Mayank Anand
Nilotpala Singh
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Introduction to Networking
A computer network, often simply referred to
as a network, is a collection of computers and
devices interconnected by communications
channels that facilitate communications
among users and allows users to share
resources.
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Hardware Involved
Network interface card
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Hardware Involved
Network interface card
Repeater
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Hardware Involved
Network interface card
Repeater
Bridge
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Hardware Involved
Network interface card
Repeater
Bridge Switch
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Hardware Involved
Network interface card
Repeater
Bridge Switch
Modem
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Hardware Involved
Network interface card
Repeater
Bridge Switch
Modem
Router
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Hardware Involved
Network interface card
Repeater
Bridge
Switch
Modem
Router
Firewall
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TRANSMISSION MEDIA
Metal sheathInnerconductor
Insulating outer conductor
Coaxialcable
Twisted-paircable
Inner cladding(glass)Inner fibre
(glass)
Outer cladding(PVC)
Fibreoptic
cable
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File Transfer, Email, Remote Login
ASCII Text, Sound (syntax layer)
Establish/manage connection
End-to-end control & error checking
(ensure complete data transfer): TCP
Routing and Logical Addressing: IP
Twoparty communicationion: Ethernet
How to transmit signal;coding
Hardware means of sending and
receiving data on a carrier
THE OSI REFERENCE MODEL
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Simplex
communications
Half-duplex (HDX)
communications
Full-duplex (FDX)
communications
or
Modes of Communication
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Network Classification
Connection Method
Wired technologies
Wireless technologies Radio Wave, Microwave frequency
Scale
LAN
WAN
MAN
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Network Topology
BUS
STAR
RING
MESH
Network Classification
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POINTTO POINT CONNECTION
LAN CABLE
Hardware required:
Two computers with
network interface
card (Ethernet card or
Wi-Fi adapter).
LAN cable in case of
wired connection. Assigning IP Address
for the network and
workstations.
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The Internet and Addressing
IP address-
IP V4- 32 bit
IP V6- 128 bit
MAC (media access control) Address- 48 bit
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IP ADDRESS
Class A- 1st bit 0
Class B- first two bits are 1 and 0
Class C- first three bits are 1,1, and 0
Network ID 1st valid IP Last valid IP Broadcast IP
1.0.0.0 1.0.0.1 1.255.255.254 1.255.255.255
Network ID 1st valid IP Last valid IP Broadcast IP
128.0.0.0 128.0.0.1 128.0.0.254 128.0.0.255
Network ID 1st valid IP Last valid IP Broadcast IP
192.0.0.0 192.0.0.1 192.0.0.254 192.0.0.255
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Addressing Solutions
Two protocols have been developed to solvethese problems
DHCP automatic network configuration(including IP address)
DN
S translates textual based names into IPaddresses and vice versa
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DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol
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DHCP
Allows client machines to receive an IPaddress, DNS information, etc automatically
Before DHCP came into use, users had to typein all this information by hand, which is bad:
Easy to mistype something when entering by hand
Manually changing network configuration everytime you move your laptop is a pain
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DHCP: Big Picture
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Firewall
A set of related programs that protects the
resources of a private network from users
from other networks.
Filters data inflow to the network or machine
Options available
Commercial Firewall Devices (Watchguard, Cisco
PIX)
Software Packages (ZoneAlarm, Black Ice)
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