neutrinos louvain, february 2005 alan martin arguably the most fascinating of the elementary...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Neutrinos
Louvain, February 2005Alan Martin
Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles.Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model !
![Page 2: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
=E = mc2
![Page 14: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
SuperK, SNO(CC)
ChlorineGalliumSNO(NC)
![Page 16: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
SuperK, SNO(CC)
ChlorineGalliumSNO(NC)
![Page 18: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Solar Neutrino Problem (circa 2000)
Experiment ReactionHomestake e+
37Cl 37Ar+eSAGE e+
71Ga 71Ge+eGallex + GNO e+
71Ga 71Ge+eKamiokande +Super-Kamiokande x+ex+e
GALLEX : Ga (e )SSM (e )
0.58 0.05
SAGE : Ga (e )
SSM (e )0.60 0.05
Homestake : Cl (e )
SSM (e )0.34 0.03
Super -K : SK (x )
SSM (e )0.451 0.015
0.017
eitherSolar models are incomplete/incorrect
orNeutrinos undergo flavor-changing
transformation
![Page 24: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
1700 tonnes of inner shielding H2O
12.01m dia. acrylic vessel
17.8m dia. PMT Support Structure9456 20-cm dia. PMTs56% coverage
5300 tonnes of outer shielding H2O
Urylon liner
1006 tonnes D2O
Nucl. Inst. Meth. A449, 127 (2000)
2 km
to
su
rfac
e
![Page 25: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Detecting at SNO
NCxx
npd
ES -- ee x x
CC-epd e p
• Low Statistics • (e) 6 () 6 ()
• Strong directionality:
• Measurement of e energy spectrum
• Weak directionality:
• Measure total 8B flux from the sun• e
1 0.340cos
e 18 (Te 10 MeV)
![Page 27: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
See : Phys.Rev.Lett. 89 (2002) 011301 Phys.Rev.Lett. 89 (2002) 011302
Solar Model predictions are verified: [in 106 cm-2 s-1]
Missing Solar ’s Found
e 1.76 0.05
0.05(stat.)0.09
0.09(syst.)106 cm 2s 1
3.410.45
0.45(stat.)0.48
0.45(syst.)106 cm 2s 1
8B shape constrained fit:
No 8B shape constraint:
CC ( e ) e
NC ( x ) e
ES ( x ) e 0.15
Null hypothesis of no flavour transformation rejected at 5.3
SSM (BP01) 5.05 1.01
0.81
SNOconstrained 5.09 0.44
0.43(stat.)
0.46
0.43(syst.)
SNOunconstrained 6.42 1.57
1.57(stat.)
0.55
0.58(syst.)
![Page 28: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
If CPT is conserved…(and LMA…)
Solar e
Predicts deficit in
Reactor e
~100 to 200 km
Complementary!
![Page 31: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Why Kamioka?
P e sin2 2 sin2 1.27 m2
[eV2
] L[m]
E [MeV]
With L 175 km, E 5 MeV
Sensitive to m 2 2
5
175,000 1.27
4 10 5 eV2
51 reactors in Japan,80% of flux (or 68.5 GW of reactor power) from baseline of ~140 to 210 km
![Page 32: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Is Oscillation Really the Solution?Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND)(Kamioka, Gifu Prefecture, Japan) reactor @ “right” baseline for directly testing the currently favoured LMA region
e p n e
e e 2
n p d (2.2 MeV)
2x coincidence
1 kt liquid scintillator as target
(inverse decay)
![Page 33: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Reactor Anti-Neutrino FluxN
obs/N
no o
scill
atio
nNobserved – NBKG
Nno oscillation
= 0.611 ± 0.085 (stat) ± 0.041 (syst)
First observation of reactor anti-neutrino deficit
LMA prediction: m2 = 5.5x10-5 eV2
sin2 2 = 0.833
![Page 34: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
SuperK, SNO(CC)
ChlorineGalliumSNO(NC)
![Page 41: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Electron neutrinos asexpected.
Evidence of mu-tauneutrino oscillations.
Should see evidenceof upgoing tau neutrinos
Atmosphericneutrinos
![Page 48: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
56 events seen---80 expected
![Page 53: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
![Page 55: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
![Page 56: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
![Page 58: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
![Page 59: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
![Page 60: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
![Page 61: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
0
4
2
8
10
6
-2
t
b
cs
d u
e
Log10m/eV
(m2atm)1/2
( m2sol)1/2
Upper limit on m
Neutrino masses are really special!
mt/(m2atm)1/2~1012
WMAP & LSS
KamLAND
Massless ’s?
• no R
• L conserved
Small masses?
• R very heavy
• L not conserved
![Page 62: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
![Page 63: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
![Page 64: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
/dm
dm
![Page 65: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
![Page 66: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
![Page 67: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
![Page 68: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
![Page 69: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
![Page 70: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
![Page 71: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
6p 4He + 2p +2e+ + 2
Twice
![Page 72: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
4p + e- 4He + e+ +2
![Page 73: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Solar neutrino mixing
![Page 74: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
SuperK, SNO(CC)
ChlorineGalliumSNO(NC)
![Page 75: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
![Page 76: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
![Page 77: Neutrinos Louvain, February 2005 Alan Martin Arguably the most fascinating of the elementary particles. Certainly they take us beyond the Standard Model](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070415/56649ca85503460f9496b204/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)