new anglais - tenses – medic's survival kit – staff and tools · 2016. 7. 17. · anglais...

ANGLAIS - Tenses – Medic's Survival Kit – Staff and tools

Mardi 01/03/2016CHEN Jacques L2CR : NICOLAS MargotAnglaisC. BRANDEN BURGER14 pages

Tenses – Medic's Survival Kit – Staff and tools

A. Review of tenses (Present time)

We have 2 different presents :

• Present simple :

➔ when you conjugate in negative or in interrogative form, you use the auxillary DO and DOES. Ex: Do I/you work? ; Does it work? ; They don’t work

➔ when you use it in affirmative form, there isn't any auxilliary. The verb may have to take -s or -es Ex: I/you work ; it works

1/14

Plan: A. Review of tenses

I. Present simple II. Present continuous III. Present simple or present continuous? IV. Spelling of present continuous

B. The Medic's Survival Kit I. Do you know the American spelling of these words? II. What is the opposite of these terms ? III. Les faux amis IV. Partnerships V. Talking about sickness and pain VI. Health and Illness VII. Match VIII. Replace the verb “get”

C. Functions of the BodyI. EatingII. The 5 sensesIII. Other functionsIV. Less common functions

D. Staff I. Practitioners II. Specialities III. Hospital staff IV. Allied medical professionals V. Nurses


• Present continuous :

Whatever the form is (affirmative, negative or interrogative form), you will always have BE + -ing as anending of the verb. CR : ce temps est utilisé lorsque je suis témoin de ce qui se passe devant mes yeux.

Ex: he is living; they are living; Is he living? ; Are they linving?

I. Present simple

a. Main meanings

1. Objective facts, scientific observations • Water boils at 212°F ;The report indicates that too much MP3 listening can cause deafness.

2. Opinions, tastes • She likes rock’n’roll music ; He usually votes left-wing

3. Habits, recurrent actions Everytime something is reccurent, for habbits

• They take a shower every day ; The surgery opens at 9 AM (Surgery a 3 sens : la chirurgie, l’opération chirurgicale et le cabinet de consultation)

4. States, status quo To talk about a state

• Dr lives in Cambridge

Especially, you have to be careful about « Time markers » because when you do exercises (for example) youwill easily recognize the tense that you are suppose to use from the time marker. Time markers: always, often, sometimes, usually, generally, habitually, never, every -day/week/month/year. Itis a fact.

b. Special use

Also, you use present simple with verbs that don't have an affinity with an other tense like continous. In thesecase you will use present simple.

Non-progressive verbs :

1. verbs of perception (see, hear, small, taste) usually you can use the present simple or most usually youuse CAN : This room smells. Can you hear this beep?

2. verbs of mind (agree, refuse, insist, advise, apologise etc...) What do you suggest?

c. Pronunciation of present simple

IZs, x, ʃ (sh), tʃ (ch)

Safter the letters p,t,k ; the sound F

Zby default after vowels

assesses, boxes, brushes, divorces,purchases

cooks, coughs, develops, gets, likes,laughs, pops, smokes, stimulates,thinks, treats, writes

affords, cares, complies, decides,discovers, disregards, mails,marries, phones, qualifies, scans,smells, studies, x-rays

2/14


II. Present continuous

a. Main meanings

1. On-going present time World population is increasing2. Temporary actions At the moment, she is working in Sydney3. Actions happening now Be quick ! The child's bleeding

Time markers: now, at present, at the moment, currently, temporarily, today

b. Special use

For exasperation Ex : Gael is usually patient and easy-going but in this situation he is being very impatient. I'm always losing things !

III. Present simple or present continuous?

Look for different meanings

(1) to have He has a powerful Mercedes → so « has » here means « possesses » We're having lamb for dinner → it means « we are going to eat »So for a same verb, two differents meanings according to the aspect

(2) to thinkI think cigarettes have a bad effect on health → think means « I give my opinion » I'm thinking about Mrs Harris who is sick in bed → je pense à quelqu'un « I've thought to somebody »

(3) verbs of the senses I sometimes see double → means that I have sometimes visual problems I'm seeing my G.P. Tomorrow → it means I have an appointment with my G.P (general practitioner)

IV. Spelling of present continuous

• Monosyllables ending in CVC (consonant vowel consonant) He is running a hospital (= il dirige un hôpital)→ dans ce cas on double la consonne

• Polysyllables : They are beginning next week; She is listening; He is developing a new project → on double laconsonne quand l’accent tonique se situe à la dernière syllabe, par exemple ''Listen'' a l'accent tonique sur lapremière syllabe, on ne double pas la consonne. NB. Verbs ending in -el or -al (to travel, to dial, to cancel) He is dialing 999 (US) / He is dialling 999 (GB)

V. Exercises

3.1. Are the underlined verbs right or wrong? Correct them where necessary. You have to say if the form iscorrect or if it's not correct, in which case you have to modify it.

1. Water boils at 100°C → correct2. The water boils. Can you turn it off? → the water is boiling (because I see the water boiling right now) 3. Look! That man tries to open the door of your car. → The man is trying4. Can you hear those people? What do they talk about? → What are they talking about?

3/14


5. The moon goes round the earth in about 27 days. → correct (because it's an observation)6. I must go now. It gets late. → It's getting late7. I usually go to work by car. → correct8. 'Hurry up! It's time to leave.' 'OK, I come.'→ I'm coming9. I hear you've got a new job. How do you get on? → How are you getting on? (comment tu t'en sors?)10. Paul is never late. He's always getting to work on time. → He always gets to work on time11. They don't get on well. (Ils ne s'entendent pas) There're always arguing. (Ils sont toujours en train de sedisputer) → correct

4.2

1. You don't seem very happy today (état d’esprit)2. 'What are you doing?' 'Be quiet! I'm thinking.' 3. 'Who does this umbrella belong to?' 'I have no idea.' 4. The dinner smells good. (verbe de perception)5. 'Excuse me. Is anybody sitting there?' 'No it's free.' 6. These gloves don't fit me (ne me vont pas). They're too small.

4.3. Put the verb into the correct form, present continuous or present simple. 1. Are you hungry? Do you want something to eat? 2. Don't put the dictionary away. I' m using it. (Ne le range pas, je m'en sers.) 3. Don't put the dictionary away. I need it. (need: verbe non progressif)4. Who is that man? What does he want? (want: verbe non progressif)5. Who is that man? Why is he looking at us? 6. Alan says he's 80 years old, but nobody believes him. 7. She told me her name, but I don't remember it now. 8. I'm thinking of selling my car (J'envisage de...). Would you be interested in buying it? 9. I think you should sell your car (Je pense...). You don't use it very often. 10. Air consists mainly of nitrogen and oxygen. (données factuelles)

4.4. Specific cases. Complete the sentences using the most suitable form of be. Sometimes you must use thesimple and sometimes the continuous is more suitable.

1. I can't understand why he is being so selfish. He isn't usually like that.2. Sarah is being very nice to me at the moment. I wonder why. 3. You'll like Debbie when you meet her. She is very nice. 4. You're usually very patient, so why are you being so unreasonable about waiting ten more minutes? 5. Why isn't Steve at work today? Is he ill?

4/14


1.4.: Choisir avec des sens différents (un simple et un progressif). Present Simple or Continuous?

(1) Have• He has four cars, all of them Rools-Royces ↔ premier sens : similar to own/possess • I 'm having lunch with my granddad tomorrow ↔ deuxième sens : similar to eat

(2) Think• What do you think of Steven Spielberg's latest film? ↔ je donne mon opinion • You're dreaming. What are you thinking about?

(3) Expect• I 'm expecting an important phone call from America. Could you tell me when it comes?• I expect you're hungry after so much hard work. Shall I get you something?

(4) Smell• Something smells good in the kitchen. What's cooking?• Why are you smelling the meat? Do you think it's gone off? ↔ this means 'intentionally'

(5) Appear• He appears to (on dirait que) understand what you say to him, but when you ask him a quesion, he isn't so

sure. • Lolita Pons is appearing (meaning « is playing ») at the Royal Theatre in the rôle of Desdemona.

(6) See• She is seeing a solicitor about her aunt's will. (elle a rendez-vous pour voir un notaire au sujet du testament

de sa tante)• I see what you mean, but I disagree with you.

(7) Weigh• I need to know how much the meat weighs to be able to cook it properly. • Why are you weighing yourself? Do you think you've put on weight?

(8) Look• It looks as if it's going to rain.• What are you doing on your hands and knees? You're looking for your earring?

(9) Have• She has more clothes than a department store.• Are you having trouble doing your physics assessment?

1.6. Translate

1. Notre fille joue ce soir. Tu viens avec nous?• Our daughter is acting/playing tonight. Are you coming with us?

2. Ted travaille à l'usine. Il ne gagne pas assez pour subvenir aux besoins de sa famille. • Ted works at the factory. He doesn't make enough money to provide for his family.

3. Il projette de devenir chirurgien. • He is thinking of/considering becoming a surgeon

5/14


4. Les voisins se disputent encore! Ecoute. • The neighbors are arguing again! Listen.

5. Dès que je me lève, j'ai des vertiges. • As soon as I get up I have dizzy spells.

6. T'es pas en train de t'entêter? Tu es plus accomodante d'habitude. (ici, cas spécifique: employer le progressifpour marquer l'exaspération)

• Aren't you being stubborn? You're usually more easy-going.

B. The Medic's Survival Kit

I. Do you know the American spelling of these words? (English word → American word)

Centre → Center ; Dyspnoae → Dyspnea ; Haemorrhage → Hemorrhage ; Apologise → Apologize ; Labour → Labor ; Oedema → Edema ; Connexion → Connection ; Defence → Defense

II. What is the opposite of these terms ?

Back / Front ; Dead / Alive ; Improve / Aggravate or deteriorate ; Decrease / Increase ; Healthy / Unhealthy orill ; Useless / Useful ; Left / Right ; Upper / Lower ; Bottom / Top

III. Les faux amis

Quel est leur sens réel ?

Injure = blesser; Groin = l'aine; Corpse = cadavre; Hurt = qui fait mal; Sensible = sensé, raisonnable ; Piles =hémorroïdes; Rate = taux; Preservative = conservateur alimentaire ; Figure = la silhouette, le chiffre

How would you say in English ?

Injure → insult ; Le groin → snout ; Le corps → the body ; Heurter → to hit ; Sensible → sensitive ; Pile →battery ; La rate → spleen ; Préservatif → Condom ; Figure → Face

Each sentence contains a FAUX AMI. Suggest a correction.

1. The surgeon on duty realized 3 laparatomies. → Performed / Carried out (réaliser une opération) 2. The pain was excrutiating. I couldn't support it. → Stand / Put up with3. You must write a résumé in less than 200 words. → Abstract / summary4. Be gentle, her abdomen is very sensible. → Tender (sensible au touché) 5. The dermatologist examined the wart in her figure. → Face (Wart : verrue)6. The GP (= General Practitioner) gave me tablets to treat my angina. → Sore throat (mal de gorge)

IV. Partnerships

1. To administer a drug2. To analyze a sample (échantillon)3. To arrange an appointment (rendez-vous) 4. To catch a cold 5. To ease (soulager) the pain6. To discontinue the treatment7. To fold your arms (croiser les bras) 8. To prescribe antibiotics

6/14


V. Talking about sickness and pain

Les mots manquants dans le texte sont en gras.1. Flu is not a serious illness for most people but it can be life-threatening (mettre la vie en danger) for elderlypeople who are weak and who haven't been vaccinated. 2. I'm not in pain, it's just a dull ache (douleur sourde) in my back tooth. 3. Turn that music down ! I've got a splitting headache (migraine) !4. You shouldn't waste the doctor's time with minor ailments (affections mineures). Get something at thechemist's instead.1. Patients who are terminally ill often prefer to die at home surrounded by their loved ones. 2. Diseases which are incurable now will be beaten one day if scientists continue to make progress with drugsand genetic science.3. My aunt was taken ill when she was on holiday. Apparently, she was in excruciating pain (douleur atroce,épouvantable). Luckily she had travel insurance.

VI. Health and Illness

VII. Match

– Be diagnosed with autism.– Catch a cold. – Contract typhoid. – Develop breast cancer. – Have an attack of diarrhoea. – Sustain (subir) minor injuries.

VIII. Replace the verb “get”

Patients often get pneumonia while in hospital → catch pneumoniaGetting cancer is the most frightening experience → be diagnosed with cancerMore than 50 passengers on the flight got moderate or severe diarrhoea → experiencedMany musicians who get arthritis experience the tragedy of no longer being able to play → develop arthritis.

7/14


C. Functions of the Body

I. Eating

You are hungry. Your food smells nice and stimulates your appetite. Your mouth waters. You chew your foodand swallow it. Suddenly you taste something unpleasant. You feel nauseous. You rush to the toilet. You bringup your food (= vomir)

II. The 5 senses

To ask about the senses of touch, doctors talk about loss of sensation (numbness = engourdissement)→ Have you noticed any numbness in your fingers or toes ?

For the other 4 senses (sight, hearing, smell, taste), doctors ask :→ What is your ... like ?

III. Other functions

When taking a history, doctors can ask :Do you have any trouble/difficulty/problems VERB-ing (eating, swallowing, walking, breathing...) ?

IV. Less common functions

sweat: suershake: avoir des tremblements→ Do you sweat / shake more than usual?

4.1. Match the symptoms (1-5) to the questions (a-e), using your medical knowledge.

Dysuria : difficultés à la miction → do you have any pain when you pass water ?Dysphagia : difficultés pour manger → do you have any problem swallowing ?Diplopia : perception d'une même image pour un même objet → is your vision normal ?Dysphasia : difficulté dans la fonction du langage → do you have any difficulty with your speech ?Dyspnoea : dyspnée, difficultés à respirer → what is your breathing like ?

8/14


4.2. Patients are describing symptoms of the conditions shown in brackets. Complete the sentences.

1: numbness (engourdissements)2: digesting (difficulties à avaler)3: passing water (problemes à uriner)4: sweating (transpirer)5: shake (mains tranblent)6: breathing (mal à respirer)

4.3. Complete the sentences.

1: chew (mastiquer) / swallow (avaler)2: pass stools (aller à la selle)3: appetite4: have (a period: avoir ses règles)5: sense (of smell: odorat)6: breath (in: respiration)

D. Staff

I. Practitioners

A doctor who treats patients is called a clinician. One who provides primary care for patients is known as aG.P. (general practitioner), or family doctor. GPs often work in a group practice. If the practice alsocomprises allied health professionals, we refer to them as health centres.

II. Specialities

The 2 main branches of medicine are surgery and internal medicineThe doctors who practise these branches are called surgeons and physicians.A cardiologist specializes in treating heart diseases.

specializes in diseases of the heart and circulation.

-ology → ologist-ics → ician

9/14


5.1. Describe the work a specialist does

• Dermatology : A dermatologist specializes in treating skin problems • Rhumatology : A rhumatologist will specialize in treating diseases of the joints (articulations) • Traumatology : A traumatologist specializes in dealing with a & e patients ( accident and emergency) • Paediatrics : A paediatrician specializes in diseases affecting children • Obstetrics : An Obstetrician specializes in managing pregnances and deliveries (grossesses etaccouchements) • Geriatrics : A geriatrician specializes in caring for the elderly (personnes du 3ème âge) (to care for: prodiguer des soins )

5.2. Complete the table. Also indicate the STRESS pattern.

Verb Stress Person Stress Activity/ Thing Stress

Specialise Ooo specialist Ooo speciality ooOoo

Practise Oo practitioner oOoo practice Oo

Consult oO consultant oOo consultation ooOo

Assist oO assistant oOo assistance oOo

Graduate Ooo graduate Ooo graduation ooOo

Qualify Ooo / / qualification oooOo

5.3 Use the words in the box below, insert a preposition, and conjugate. interested, good, specialize, work

1. A pathologist specialises in diagnosing disease through examining cells and tissue. 2. A paediatrician must enjoy working with children. 3. An oncologist is interested in the diagnostic and treatment of cancer. 4. A psychiatrist must be good at counselling. 5. Neurosurgeons must be good with their hands. (doivent être habiles de leurs mains)

5.4. Make combinations

consulting, general, group, health, internal, surgical centre, practice, specialities, medicine, practioner, rooms

• consulting room : cabinet médical • general practitioner : médecin généraliste • a group practice : cabinet médical (ou regroupement de médecins par exemple) • health group : centre de santé (avec plusieurs corps de métiers réunis) • internal medicine : médecine interne • surgical specialities

10/14


III. Hospital staff

The medical staff in a Bristish hospital belong ton one of the four main groups of “doctors”• House officer (FY1) is a newly graduated doctor in the 1st year of postgraduate training (interne 1ère année)• Senior house officer (FY2) is in the 2nd year of postgraduate training (interne en deuxième année)• Specialist registrar has completed his first 2 years. He is training in a specialty (interne en dernière année)• Consultant is a fully graduated specialist (spécialiste ''à part entière'')

6.1. Make combinations

associate, house, on, provisional, radio, ward call, diagnosis, officer, pager, round, specialist

• associate specialist • house officer • on call : médecin de garde • provisional diagnosis : diagnostic provisoire • radio pager : beeper • ward round : tournée des chambres du service / tournée du service pour voir les malades ward: le service hospitalier ou la chambre ''à plusieurs lits''

6.2. What do these descriptions make you think of?

1. Dr Graham has been a peadiatrician for eight years and is responsible for treating the children admitted toWard 60 : consultant 2. Dr Stewart has just started the second year of her Foundation Programme : SHO (Senior House Officer) 3. Dr Singh has started training as a surgeon : specialist register 4. Dr Philips has just graduated and is working in a large hospital in Birmingham : HO (House Officer) 5. Dr Millard is in charge of the medical staff in the Birmingham hospital : medical director

6.3. Say if the following statements are TRUE or FALSE

1. A medical graduate becomes registered two years after graduation FALSE : just at the end of the first year

2. The system of training doctors in Britain is called the Foundation Programme TRUE : le tronc commun

3. The name « senior house officer» is no longer used in Britain FALSE : on s'en sert toujours

4. The consultant is usually the first doctor to see new patientsFALSE : generally the G.P. or a Junior doctor, at the hospital for example

5. When working in shifts, all doctors take turns to be on call(Lorsque je fais les « trois-huit », tous lesmédecins sont à tour de rôle de garde)

FALSE : pas nécéssairement working in shifts : faire les « trois-huit »

IV. Allied medical professionnals

These professionals include :• Physiotherapists: help people move by getting them to do exercises or giving them massages

(kinésithérapeuthe)• Occupational Therapists: help people with a disability perform tasks at home and at work

(ergothérapeute)

11/14


• Social Workers: help people solve their social and family problems (assistante sociale)• Chiropodists: treat conditions affecting the feet (podologue)

V. Nurses

a. Nursing grades

Different types of nurses :• Student nurse is a nurse who is stll in training : élève infirmier• Staff nurse is a nurse who has completed the training course : infirmier diplômé d'Etat• Charge nurse, a ward sister is a more experienced nurse who is in charge of, or responsible for, a ward

or department : infirmier principal• Nurse manager, matron is a nurse in charge of several wards : infirmier de garde, infirmier en chef

b. Support workers

The clinical support worker, who has done a short course and obtained basic qualifications, and the nursingauxiliary, who is usually unqualified, both assist nursing staff. There may also be ward clerk, whose dutiesinclude making sure patients' notes and information are up to date, and answering the telephone.

• Clinical support worker: quelqu'un dont le grade serait entre l'aide-soignant et l'infirmier. • Nursing auxiliary : aide-soignant • Ward clerk : secrétaire

c. Specialization

Like doctors, nurses can specialize: • a midwife has specialized from te beginning by doing a course in midwifery, the management of

pregnancy and childbirth : la sage-femme • a district nurse visits patients in their homes : infirmier libéral• a health visitor also works in the community, giving advice on the promotion of health and the

prevention of illness : le visiteur médical

7.1. Complete the sentences.

1. Someone who specializes in delivering babies is a midwife. 2. Someone who is qualified to assist nurses is a clinical support worker. 3. Someone who is not qualified but is able to assist nurses is a nursing auxiliary. 4. A nurse who has qualified is a staff nurse (= une IDE, Infirmier Diplômé d'Etat). 5. A nurse who specializes in health promotion is a health visitor. 6. A nurse who looks after a ward is a charge nurse. 7. A nurse who works in the community is a district nurse. 8. Someone who answers the ward telephone is a ward clerk. Clerk: employé

12/14


7.2. Make word combinations using a word or phrase from each list

carry out, change, check, give, remove Sutures, a procedure, an injection, a dressing, the temperature

• you carry out a procedure : vous suivez un protocole• you change dressings : vous changez des pansements• you check temperatures : vous vérifiez les températures• you give injections : vous faites des piqûres• you remove sutures : vous enlevez des points de suture

Avant-propos: les 2 termes perform et carry out sont synonymes, signifiant effectuer, réaliser 7.3. Complete the sentences with the correct grammatical form of perform.

1. An isotope brain scan is painless and easy to perform (facile à effectuer, réaliser) 2. Biopsy of the pancreas was performed last March. 3. If the patient's condition deteriorates, a laparotomy should be performed. 4. If a diagnosis of meningitis is suspected a lumbar puncture must be performed. 5. Last year we performed a randomized, double blind group study (une étude à l'aveugle).

7.4. Complete the sentences with the correct grammatical form of carry out.

1. I now intend to carry out a larger study. (J'ai l'intention d'effectuer une étude plus large) 2. Unfortunately few properly controlled trials have been carried out so far. 3. A number of studies has been carried out recently to look at this question. 4. A right hemicolectomy was carried out and the patient made a full recovery. 5. This procedure can be carried out in the emergency department.

13/14


Tout d'abord un grand remerciement à la relectrice qui m'a laissé (pas mal) du temps en plus pour finir ceronéo d'anglais interminable.Dédicace à tous ceux qui vont en cours d'anglais, si c'était pas pour prendre ce ronéo j'aurai pas eu le couragede tenir jusqu'à la fin, et une dédicace à toi aussi qui à eu le courage de te taper (ou non) ces 20 pages decorrections d'exo d'anglais...Spécial dédicace aux 3 merdes en anglais qui m'ont si gentillement accompagné lors de ce cours : Nathaliapour ses precieux cours, Steevo le bilingue et Maeva qui n'a pas contribué à grand chose dans l'histoire maisgrace à qui on a deviné votre surprise !L’inévitable dédicace au Carlifornia qui a encore envoyé du très très lourd à la désinté ! On remet ça lasemaine prochaine au WEP les gars ! It's gonna be WEPique ! ( © Cyssou)Pas de dédicace en chinois pour cette fois (toute facon personne ne comprend et ca passe pas à l'impression...)

WEP is coming !!!

CR : À tous ceux qui ont la volonté de se lever le jeudi matin pour aller en TP d'anglais pour faire de laprononciation ! (« blaaaaad »). Et toujours la petite dédicace aux meilleurs : la seconde famille, le CARPACHE, et les co-tuteurs !!!

14/14

new anglais - tenses – medic's survival kit – staff and tools · 2016. 7. 17. · anglais...

Documents