New energyNew energy--efficiency efficiency technologies in electric technologies in electric

power industrypower industry

General director of GUP VEIKovalev V. D., doctor of engineering

State research centerLenin Electrical Engineering Institute of Russia

The structure of power resources of The structure of power resources of RussiaRussia

Primary power resources (non-renewable power

resources)

Renewable power resources

electricity heat

Primary power resources

The structure of electric power industry The structure of electric power industry in Russiain Russia

Total capacity of power plants(216 mln kW)

others; 17,5; 8%

nuclear; 22,2; 10%

hydro- and pump-

storage; 44,9; 21%

thermal; 66,2; 31%

condensing; 65,3;

30%

Nuclear power industry of Russia at the beginning of the

21-st century

Volgodonskaya 1 GWSouth

Smolenskaya 3 GW

Centre

Novoronezhskaya 1,8 GW

Kurskaya 4 GW

Kalininskaya 3 GW

Balakovskaya 4GWVolga region

North-WestKolskaya 1,8 GW

Leningradskaya 4 GW

Beloyarskaya 0,6GW

Ural

Bilibinskaya 0,05GW

Far East

In outputIn outputIn powerIn power

17%17%10%10%373373

WorldWorld

16,5%16,5%

RussiaRussia

1111,5,5%%2233

ShareShare, %, %

PowerPower, , GWGW

««RoadmapRoadmap»» FCPFCP―― RAEPKRAEPKTOTAL up to the year 2020

Total capacity 41 GW

Power production ~300 TW/h

Input: 21,6 GW

Output: 3,7 GW

Hydropower resources in RussiaHydropower resources in Russia

Total output of electric powerTotal output of electric power-- 900 900 blnbln kWhkWhTotal capacityTotal capacity –– 216 000 216 000 MWMW

The concept of national The concept of national power industry power industry

development of USA up development of USA up to the year 2030to the year 2030

Regional connections

Interconnection

Local connections

The concept of power industry development in Russia The concept of power industry development in Russia (suggestion of GUP VEI)(suggestion of GUP VEI)

The structure of electric power The structure of electric power and heat production in Russia and heat production in Russia

The structure of electric power and heat production in Russia (bln kWh)

hydro; 165; 6%

Boilers 1300; 48%thermal т;

560; 21%

thermal э; 560; 21% nuclear;

120; 4%

The structure of electric power and heat The structure of electric power and heat production in Moscowproduction in Moscow

25% 30%

45%

Power production in Moscow in 2005 (bln kW*h)

heat of boiler houseselectric power

heat of thermal power plants

Development of pilot project of electrified 10Development of pilot project of electrified 10--20 20 MW boiler houseMW boiler house

VEI suggests the electrification of the existing boiler-houses by way of their interconnection with the gas turbine and creation of the single energetic complex on the basis of the boiler houses, which will allow to generate about 1 to 3 GW more thermal electric power.

The project does not suggest the installation of any additional boilers, which will allow to minimize the expenses and the area required for the gas-turbine thermal

power plant.

electric power

heat

Losses

Gas turbine

Boiler

Technologies of electric power Technologies of electric power productionproduction

КПД

NonNon--traditional sources of lowtraditional sources of low--powerpower

Ground solar Ground solar photoconvertersphotoconvertersand photoand photo--energetic systems energetic systems based on multibased on multi--layered structures layered structures with concentrators.with concentrators.

Efficiency>30%Efficiency>30%Power output>250 W/m2Power output>250 W/m2Service life>25 yearsService life>25 yearsReduction of electric power cost Reduction of electric power cost

to 2 to 2 roublesroubles (0,08$) for 1 kW/h(0,08$) for 1 kW/h

HydrogenHydrogen--aerial battery of fuelaerial battery of fuel--cell unitcell unit

Specific power rating of lithium-ion rechargeable batteries

NonNon--traditional storages of electric powertraditional storages of electric power

Superconductive storage (up to 10 MJ)

Storage with circulating electrolyte

Flywheel storage (up to 25 kW/h)

Development and creation of the series of highly reliable, compaDevelopment and creation of the series of highly reliable, compact ct and capsular low power nuclear stations (NSLP, 10and capsular low power nuclear stations (NSLP, 10--50MW, NIKIET50MW, NIKIET--

VEI project)VEI project)

1 - Reactor2 – Active zone3 – Pressure compensator4 – Intermediate heat-exchanger5 – Steam generator6 и 7 – Heat-exchanger- vaporizer and the radiator of autonomous contour of power take-offI – First contour of natural circulation II – Intermediate contour of natural circulation III – Contour of thermal power consumersIV – Autonomous contour of power take-off with natural circulationV – Naturally circulating open-circuit air contour of reactor cooling

Along with maintaining natural security in conditions of Along with maintaining natural security in conditions of natural circulation the NSLP technologies provide: natural circulation the NSLP technologies provide:

–– 25 years of operation without recharging of the core region 25 years of operation without recharging of the core region and major repairsand major repairs

–– longlong--term and stable work at any level of productivity within term and stable work at any level of productivity within 2020--100 % without the limitations of power changes ;100 % without the limitations of power changes ;

–– automatic switch to hot reserve mode in case of any heatautomatic switch to hot reserve mode in case of any heat--consumption termination and consumption termination and absenseabsense of its own of its own requirements. requirements.

Innovational product allowing to solve the problem ofelectric and thermal power deficit.

Significantly increases the reliability of electric power supply system of the city.

ЭЭС

Converter of communication with external electric power

network

DC to AC converters

Frequency converters

The sources of AC-current:

Gas-turbine installations

Mini water power plants and nuclear power plants

Wind power plant

AC network of power supply facility

The sources of DC-current

StoragesPhotocellsFuel element

f=0

f= var

The system of automatic

complex control

The system of integration of sources in The system of integration of sources in power complex of the power supply facilitypower complex of the power supply facility

FacilityFacility

Principles of construction and Principles of construction and diagram of sources interconnection diagram of sources interconnection

КВПУ 4 КВПУ 1КВПУ 2КВПУ 3

к ПС Юлликкяля (Финляндия)

400 кВ

КБ-38,5кВ КБ-38,5кВ КБ-38,5кВ КБ-38,5кВ

330 кВ

к ПС Северная(Россия)

к ПС Восточная(Россия)

реконструировано

сооружено зановоСК 400 СК 400

КБ 400 КБ 400

КБ 330КБ 330

СК 330 СК 330

The development of technology and principles of The development of technology and principles of construction of the integrated electric network with sources construction of the integrated electric network with sources

of smallof small--scale power generation of different type. scale power generation of different type.

The suggested power grid is built with the broad use of modern converters, providing high quality of voltage for consumers and high controllability of system mode. A cellular principle of power grid construction unites small power-producers owning power generation businesses into a common system of electric power consumers.

The diagram of power output of The diagram of power output of small nuclear power plantssmall nuclear power plants

EnergyEnergy--efficient technologies efficient technologies of power industryof power industry

The structure of electric power The structure of electric power consumption in Russiaconsumption in Russia

The structure of electric power consumption in Russia

Electric drives60%

Other13%

Losses in networks

13%

Lighting14%

In 1980-ies for the first time ever in the world 1150kV power transmission line was put into operation and the equipment was

made for such a line. These jobs were done under the supervisionof VEI.

GIS 1150kV

Autotransformer for 1150kVVVK 1150kV

Super high voltages such as Super high voltages such as 1150 kV of AC1150 kV of AC--current and current and 1500 kV of DC1500 kV of DC--current allow to current allow to create the most effective create the most effective power transmission linespower transmission lines

VEI has a unique experience in construction of VEI has a unique experience in construction of power UHV DC transmission line (power UHV DC transmission line (EkibastuzEkibastuz--

centre)centre)

The equipment designed by VEI is in operation at Vyborg

back-to-back DC system

WorldWorld’’s converting substations and DC backs converting substations and DC back--toto--back back installationsinstallations

Valves based on Valves based on photothyristorsphotothyristors

Gated hall of 250 kV, 1000 A Moyle converting Gated hall of 250 kV, 1000 A Moyle converting substationsubstation

FACTSFACTS device in electrical networkdevice in electrical network

STATCOM voltage convertersSTATCOM voltage converters

22--levellevel

33--levellevelа)

STATCOM at Essex substation (USA)

Units featuring controlled series compensation with Units featuring controlled series compensation with thyristorthyristor controlcontrol

РР –– disconnectorsdisconnectors; ; ЗРЗР –– grounding grounding disconnectorsdisconnectors;;ПП1,1, ПП2 2 –– insulating platformsinsulating platforms;;КБнКБн, , КБрКБр –– capacitor bankscapacitor banks;;ОПНнОПНн, , ОПНрОПНр –– surge arresterssurge arresters;;ТГТГ –– thyristorthyristor groupgroup;;РРкк –– reactorreactor;;ДУДУ –– damping devicedamping device ;;БУЗУнБУЗУн, , БУЗУрБУЗУр –– quickquick--response controlled response controlled protective device;protective device;ШВнШВн, , ШВрШВр –– shunting switchshunting switch..

ОПНн

КБн

ЗP ЗP

P P

БУЗУн

ДУ

P

ШВн

ОПНр

КБр

ЗP ЗP

P P

БУЗУр

ДУ

P

ШВр

РкТГ

П1 П2

Секция 1(нерегулируемая)

Секция 2(регулируемая)

КБ

РкТГ

Iл Xэкв = var

Т

Iл Uq = var

СТАТКОМ

STATCOM-based units

Units featuring controlled series Units featuring controlled series compensation with compensation with thyristorthyristor controlcontrol

180 MVAr, 330 kV magnetically controlled shunt reactor

VEI carries out a number of works developing powerVEI carries out a number of works developing power--efficient efficient technologies and electrical equipment. technologies and electrical equipment.

HV CED

LV CED

Controlled electric drive (CED)

The use of frequency-controlled electric drive for electric motors allows to save 15 to 50 percent of consumed power.

The higher the share of converted electric power, the higher the energy-efficiency of the country.

High-output plate ozonizer(awarded gold medal at

“High technologies of the 21-st century” exhibition)

Plate ozone generator Plate ozone generator Generator module for 3 kg of Generator module for 3 kg of ozone per an hourozone per an hour

Ozonizer block of VEI mounted on the eastern

water power supply of Moscow

Based on pollutionBased on pollution--free nonfree non--electrode electrode SHF gasSHF gas--discharge lamp discharge lamp ““SVETONSVETON”” light light source of high intensity features quasisource of high intensity features quasi--solar radiation spectrum. Lightsolar radiation spectrum. Light--emitting emitting SHF discharge is maintained in gasSHF discharge is maintained in gas--filled filled quartz sphere of the lamp, placed in quartz sphere of the lamp, placed in translucent resonator excited with a translucent resonator excited with a magnetron. magnetron.

Features: Features: --More than 75 % of optical energy radiation More than 75 % of optical energy radiation

with normal with normal colourcolour--reproduction is in the reproduction is in the visible spectrum. visible spectrum.

--The lamp features a spot luminous element. The lamp features a spot luminous element. --Low level of UV and IRLow level of UV and IR--radiation.radiation.--Service life is 50000 hours.Service life is 50000 hours.

VEI’s SHF lamp (“SVETON”)

Thank you for your Thank you for your attentionattention