New Forms of Scholarship and a Serials (R)evolutionJuliya Borie

University of Toronto Libraries

350 Years of Scientific Publishing

academic

Subcompact Publishing

• “I propose Subcompact Publishing tools and editorial ethos begin (but not end) with the following qualities:

• Small issue sizes (3-7 articles / issue)• Small file sizes• Digital-aware subscription prices• Fluid publishing schedule• Scroll (don’t paginate)• Clear navigation• HTML(ish) based• Touching the open web”

Media experiments in Subcompact publishing

Mod, C. (2012). Subcompact Publishing: simple tools and systems for digital publishing. Retrieved from http://craigmod.com/journal/subcompact_publishing/

Breaking Molds in Academic Publishing

Semantic Publishing

Semantic Web

• Web of Data• RDF is the primary data model for Linked Data• Concept of triples is used to describe a

relationship between two things (subject – predicate – object)

Semantic Search: Google Knowledge Graph

Keywords vs. Concepts

Semantic Publishing

• “I define ‘semantic publishing’ as anything that enhances

the meaning of a published journal article, facilitates its automated discovery, enables its linking to semantically related articles, provides access to data within the article in actionable form.”

• Shotton, D. (2009). Semantic Publishing: the coming revolution in scientific journal

publishing. Learned Publishing 22 (2): 85-94. doi:10.1087/2009202.

Semantic Publishing

• Relationships encourage browsing and serendipitous discovery

• Providing context to content• Enhanced content adds value– Visual abstracts

• Integrating supplementary information– Images, visualizations– Multimedia

Providing Semantic Context to Content

Pensoft journals http://www.pensoft.net/journal_home_page.php?journal_id=3&page=article&SESID=ecdb090945a027a8ed975f11a231cb56&type=show&article_id=1602&issue_id=153&subm=da&C_ALL=da&C_BOOKS=da&C_E_BOOKS=da&C_JOURNALS=da&sor=SANTITLE&search=pteridophyte&Image179_x=14&Image179_y=5&AVTOR2=&AVALUE=&NTITLE=&YEAR=&ISBN=&SERIES=&txtSearch1=search%20in%20list&txtSearch2=search%20in%20list&txtSearch3=search%20in%20list&txtSearch4=search%20in%20list&

Connecting Articles to Research Data

Reciprocal Linking Between Datasets and Published Research Articles

Moving Beyond ‘Strings’

• Semantic search: disambiguation to improve search

• New information services– Multilingual semantics

• Rich set of relationships to encourage exploration and improve discoverability

• New discoveries

• “Our new knowledge does not consist of a careful set of works that have passed through a series of gates… Our new knowledge is not even a set of works. It is an infrastructure of connection.”

• Weinberger, D. (2011). Too big to know: Rethinking knowledge now that the facts aren't the facts, experts are everywhere, and the smartest person in the room is the room. New York: Basic Books.

Article of the Future

Peer-reviewed Article Research

Data

Multi-media

Visual abstract

Works Cited

Authors’ works

Supplementary materials

Conference webcast

Grant application

Preprint in IR

Journal & databases

Scholars’ comments

Adapted from: Regina Romano-Reynolds, “Item of the Future” in BIBFRAME, ISSN, and the Future of Serials. 2014 ALA Annual Conference

BIBFRAME

BIBFRAME Vocabulary

New data sources lead to new possibilities

data.nature.comRetrieved from http://data.nature.com/ns/articles/10.1038/nrneurol.2012.187

• How can we advance digital scholarship? Let’s think of larger possibilities. . . .

Digital Scholarship

• “In the end, no special effects, dazzling displays, augmented realities, or multimodal cross-platform designs substitute for content. Scholarship, good scholarship, the work of a lifetime commitment to working in a field — mapping its references, arguments, scholars, sources, and terrain of discourse — has no substitute”

• Drucker, D. (2014, January 16). Pixel Dust: Illusions of Innovation in Scholarly Publishing. Los Angeles Review of Books. Retrieved from http://lareviewofbooks.org/essay/pixel-dust-illusions-innovation-scholarly-publishing

Open Access Publishing

What does the Open Access landscape look like?

Archambault, E. et al. (2014). Proportion of Open Access papers published in peer-reviewed journals at the European and World Levels—1996–2013. Retrieved from http://science-metrix.com/files/science-metrix/publications/d_1.8_sm_ec_dg-rtd_proportion_oa_1996-2013_v11p.pdf

Future of Library Resource Discovery

“Massive investments in subscriptions to an increasingly complex array of electronic content products requires at least some additional overhead expense to provide simpler means of access and to ensure adequate levels of use.”• Breeding, M. (2013, April 2). Automation marketplace 2013: the

rush to innovate. Library Journal. Retrieved from http://www.thedigitalshift.com/2013/04/ils/automation-marketplace-2013-the-rush-to-innovate/

“No open source platforms exist for the delivery of a global discovery service.”• Breeding, M. (2015). Future of Library Resource Discovery: A

white paper commissioned by the NISO Discovery to Delivery (D2D) Topic Committee. Retrieved from http://www.niso.org/apps/group_public/download.php/14487/future_library_resource_discovery.pdf

Libraries as Platforms

Focus on end-user value

Openness

Interconnection

Extensibility

• “…building the library without walls – an open system readily facilitating transmission and transformation of knowledge. The real revolution , if there is one, is not so much in the amount of information available but in the way individuals will adapt to this wealth using technological tools.”

• Sack, J. R. (1986). “Open systems for open minds: building the library without walls”. College & Research Libraries, 47(6), 535-544, doi:10.5860/crl_47_06_535

Libraries as Platforms of Ideas

• A library as platform would give rise to messy, rich networks of people and ideas, continuously sparked and maintained by the library’s resources. (D. Weinberger)

• We must start thinking about digital libraries not as collections online, but as platforms for learning and sharing. (D. Lankes)

Libraries as Platforms of Ideas

• A library as platform would give rise to messy, rich networks of people and ideas, continuously sparked and maintained by the library’s resources. (D. Weinberger)

• We must start thinking about digital libraries not as collections online, but as platforms for learning and sharing. (D. Lankes)

Discovery Interfaces

FRBR

Linked Data Authority Control

Semantic connecting

Filtering

Visualization(Harvard’s Stack View)

Libraries as Platforms of Ideas

Expanding Academic Library’s Role

“I do think that libraries have a role that goes beyond providing access to content.”

Dr Victor Henning, Co-Founder, Mendeley and VP Strategy, Elsevier

Katsomitros, A. (2013). Interview with Dr Victor Henning, co-founder of Mendeley. The Observatory on Borderless Higher Education. Retrieved from http://www.obhe.ac.uk/newsletters/borderless_report_june_2013/interview_with_dr_victor_henning

Collaboration

• “Opportunities exist for new discovery innovations across the industry that support enriched discoverability to produce integrated pathways for achieving researchers’ ‘jobs-to-be-done’”

• Somerville, M. M., & Conrad, L. Y. (2014). Toward Improved Discoverability of Scholarly Content: Cross-Sector Collaboration Essentials. Collaborative Librarianship, 6(1), 42-46.

• Consortial service of the Ontario Council of University Libraries (21 university libraries in the province)

• Locally-loaded e-journals, e-books, social science data sets and geospatial data sets

• Trustworthy Digital Repository (TDR)• Digital Preservation Services• Hosted preservation service in development

Expanding Libraries’ Role

Housewright, R., Schonfeld, R. C., & Wulfson, K. (2013). Ithaka S+ R US faculty survey 2012. New York: Ithaka S+ R. Retrieved from www.sr.ithaka.org/research-publications/us-faculty-survey-2012

Cross-sector Collaboration

• Standardization• Promote the use of standards and best practices (KBART,

TRANSFER, PIE-J)• Metadata

-Interoperability-Content Optimization

• Partnerships-Researcher identification system -Research Data management-Archiving

• Somerville, M. M., & Conrad, L. Y. (2014). Toward Improved Discoverability of Scholarly Content: Cross-Sector Collaboration Essentials. Collaborative Librarianship, 6(1), 42-46.

Image Credits• Bridging knowledge to health https://www.flickr.com/photos/dexxus/5791228117• Frontispiece to volume 1 of Philosophical Transactionshttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Philosophical_Transactions_Volume_1_frontispiece.jpg#mediaviewer/File:Philosophical_Transactions_Volume_1_frontispiece.jpg• Wire in motion https://www.flickr.com/photos/enerva/124412012534/• Mountain-climbing Fit: https://www.flickr.com/photos/quinnanya/3925745669/in/photolist-• White dandelion with a cluster of florets: https://

www.flickr.com/photos/horiavarlan/4654848357• Frank Gehry staircase, Art Gallery of Ontario http://

www.gumshoephotos.com/p155351741/h5121B3DC#h5121b3dc• Brick wall https://www.flickr.com/photos/28481088@N00/524654472• Free stamp https://www.flickr.com/photos/clarkbw/2578077091• Louvre Museum, Paris

https://www.flickr.com/photos/derekskey/9141355151/in/set-72157634322119884

Thank You!

Juliya BorieORCiD 0000-0002-5873-6294

Juliya.borie@utoronto.ca