New Functions For Plant PR-5 (Thaumatin-like)

Proteins

•Ubiquitous

Plant PR-5 Protein Facts

Osmotin mRNA per 10 ug total RNALa Rosa et al., (1992) Plant Physiol. 100:409

(De Vos et al., 1995)

C

N

N

C

***

**

*

**

(PDB) (Koiwa et al., 1997)

PR-5 Proteins Have Conserved Structure

** * *

* * *

* ** * * *

* *

*

Thaumatin, Osmotin TLPs, OLPs

Polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis of the soluble leaf proteins from

Nicotiana tabacum var. ‘Samsun’ and ‘Samsun NN’ II. Changes in protein constitution after infection with tobacco mosaic virus

L. C. Van Loon and A. Van Kammen Laboratory of Virology, State Agricultural University, Wageningen, The

Netherlands Accepted 14 August 1969.  Available online 16 April 2004.

AbstractElectrophoresis in 5, 7.5, and 10% acrylamide gels revealed that characteristic changes appear in the protein constitution of N. tabacum var. ‘Samsun,’ ‘Samsun NN,’ and N. glutinosa after infection with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Apart from significant quantitative changes, one new band was present in Samsun plants 4 weeks after infection. This band was characterized as TMV coat protein by coelectrophoresis and serology. A change in the electrophoretic mobility of the major band was recorded.In Samsun NN plants four new bands (I–IV) were present 1 week after infection. These bands are not related to TMV coat protein and are not new isozymes of peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase, acid phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, or 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. The bands first appear at the onset of necrosis and increase in intensity with time. Five days after infection band I ceases to increase, whereas bands II, III, and IV increase up to day 14. From day 7 onward, the four bands are also present in the noninoculated, young developing leaves, where they further increase with time. The amount of the four new protein components was related to lesion density and was reduced by treatment of the leaves with actinomycin D 2 days after infection.In N. glutinosa one new band was induced and two bands increased markedly after infection, while one had disappeared from the protein pattern. These changes relate to other protein components than those found in infected Samsun NN, but are also apparent in the noninoculated parts of the plants from day 7 after infection.The possible relation of the new protein components to the phenomenon of systemic acquired resistance is discussed.

Virology Volume 40, Issue 2, February 1970, Pages 199-211

Pathogen PerceptionSignalTransduction

RIP

PR-2sPR-1s

PR-5s

LTPsPR-14

Proteinase inhibitors PR-6

ThioninsPR-13

DefensinsPR-12

Chitinases PR-3,-4, -8, -11

Defense genes encoding antimicrobials

PR-5 Proteins Are Plant Defense Effectors

In Fond Memory

Pathogen

PR-7

RNAsePR-10

Other

Transgenic Overexpression Of PR-5 Genes Increases Stress Tolerance

Plant species PR-protein Donor Stressor Tolerance (changea) Agrostis palustris PR-5 Oryza sativa Sclerotinia homeocarpa +Brassica napus PR-5 Hordeum vulgare Plasmodiophora brassicae +Citrus sinensis PR-5 Solanum lycopersicum Phytophthora citrophthora +Daucus carota PR-5 Or. sativa Alternaria ,Aternaria,

Alternaria, Botrytis, Rhizoctonia, Sclerotinia,, Sclerotium

+

Dianthus caryophyllus osmotin Nicotiana tabacum Fusarium +Fragaria x ananassa thaumatin

osmotinThaumatococcus danielliiNi. tabacum

Botrytissalt

++

Gossypium hirsutum osmotin Ni. tabacum drought +(greenhouse)

Hyacinthus orientalis thaumatin Th. danielliii Fusarium culmorum +Nicotiana tabacum osmotin

thaumatinPR-5

Ni. tabacumTh. danielliiOr. sativa

drought, saltPythium, Rhizoctonia,Alternaria

+++

Olea europaea osmotin Ni. tabacum cold +Oryza sativa PR-5

Chitinase + TLP + Serine-threonine kinase

Or. sativa Or. sativa

RhizoctoniaSarocladium ,Xanthomonas

++

Solanum lycopersicum osmotin +chitinasethaumatin

Ni. tabacum,Phaseolus vulgarisTh. daniellii

FusariumPhytophthora

++

(greenhouse)Solanum tuberosum osmotin Ni. tabacum Phy. infestans +Triticum aestivum PR-5

osmotinOr. sativaHo. vulgareNi. tabacum

Fusarium Fusariumsalt

- (field)

+ (geenhouse)

+

0rgan Subcellular pI Loc N-ext C-ext rt ros fl po sd

At1g18250 AtTLP-1 Antifungal f l 8.8 S (1) 20 (20) 4

At1g19320 sd, si 5.7 S (1) 25 (25 S) 0

At1g20030 5.1 I (5) 2 71

At1g73620 f l mic 9 I (4) 41 TM 4

At1g75030 AtTLP-3 Antifungal f l 4.7 S (1) 23 (22 S) 3

At1g75040 PR-5; SAR fl, tri cw /apo, vac 4.7 S (1) 23 (23 S) 0

At1g75050 4.6 S (1) 34 (23 S) 3

At1g75800 4.8 S (1) 22 (22 S) 82

At1g77700 6.4 I (3) 88 56

At2g17860 4.2 S (1) 22 (22 S) 4

At2g24810 10 S (2) 26 (26 S) 0

At2g28790 f l, rt,sd, si cw /apo 7.4 S (1) 26 (21 S) 0

At4g11650 AtOSM34 rt 6.1 S (1) 22 (22 S) 21

At4g24180 4.5 S (1) 27 (27 S) 4

At4g36000 5.4 S (3) 28 (28 S) 4

At4g36010 4.7 S (1) 22 (22 S) 51 GPI

At4g38660 4.4 M (5) 29 (9 T) 100 GPI

At4g38670 f l 8.6 C (5) 20 (78 T) 34

At5g02140 f l 8.4 S (1) 20 (20) 53

At5g24620 4.5 S (1) 26 (26) 169 MA

At5g40020 sd 7.9 S (1) 27 (21) 8

Cluster A acidic 1 to 9

Cluster B neutral 10 to 99

Cluster C basic 100 to 999

>1000

Locus Literature Organ-specific gene expressionProteomics

Protein information

In vitro activity

ORF-based predictions

Arabidopsis thaliana TLPs: characteristics and tissue-specific expression.

Adv Bot Res (2009) 17: 439-489.

Insect Bact

Phyto

phth

ora

infe

sta

ns

Ery

sip

he

chic

ora

cearu

m

Botr

ytis

cin

ere

a

Myzus

pers

icae

Pseudom

onas

syringae

SA

MeJA

AC

C

Osm

otic

Salt

Dro

ught

Cold

Dextr

ose

K low

N low

At1g18250

At1g19320

At1g20030

At1g73620

At1g75030

At1g75040

At1g75050

At1g75800

At1g77700

At2g17860

At2g24810

At2g28790

At4g11650

At4g24180

At4g36000

At4g36010

At4g38660

At4g38670

At5g02140

At5g24620

At5g40020

Nutrients

Senescence

Abiotic stressesLocus Defense-related gene expression

Fungus Hormones

>100 X induction

< 2 X repression

2 to 4.99 X repression

5 to 9.99 X repression

10 to 99 X repression

< 2 X induction

2 to 4.99 X induction

5 to 9.99 X induction

10 to 99 X induction

Induction Of Arabidopsis TLPs By By Stress, Senescence And Nutrients

Adv Bot Res (2009) 17: 439-489.

The PR-5 Protein Gene Family In A Plant Species Is Fairly Large

Species Arabidopsis Rice Poplar Grape

Loci (#) 21 30 51 28

Adv Bot Res (2009) 17: 439-489.

Occurence of PR-5/Thaumatin-like Proteins

•Sequence and structural similarity with plant PR-5 proteins•As families

Yes No

Flowering plants (All)Mosses (All)Algae (All)Amoeba (Some)Fungi (Most)Insects (Some)Bacteria (Some)CyanobacteriaViruses

Mammals (All)Bony fishes (All)Birds (All)

Sp

ecie

s

Adv Bot Res (2009) 17: 439-489.