New Homework Reward!New Homework Reward!

For completing your homework and being For completing your homework and being at school every day of a week, you will at school every day of a week, you will get a certificateget a certificate

You will also get to put a sticker up on You will also get to put a sticker up on the back wallthe back wall

4 stickers = free homework pass4 stickers = free homework pass Whole class gets to 10 stickers = free Whole class gets to 10 stickers = free

hour of class!hour of class!

ROCKSROCKS

Brian MadisonBrian Madison: You remember that : You remember that spelling bee you won in the 1st grade? spelling bee you won in the 1st grade? Billy MadisonBilly Madison: Oh no, you didn't. : Oh no, you didn't. Brian MadisonBrian Madison: Rock? "r-o-k"? : Rock? "r-o-k"? Billy MadisonBilly Madison: Yea, so what's your point? : Yea, so what's your point? Brian MadisonBrian Madison: r-o-C-k! : r-o-C-k! Billy MadisonBilly Madison: Ohh! The "C" is silent. : Ohh! The "C" is silent.

IGNEOUS ROCKS:IGNEOUS ROCKS:forms when magma coolsforms when magma coolscrystals form during coolingcrystals form during cooling

Two types of Two types of Igneous RocksIgneous Rocks1.1. IntrusiveIntrusive

2.2. ExtrusiveExtrusive

IntrusiveIntrusive

Magma cools SLOWLY below Earth’s Magma cools SLOWLY below Earth’s SurfaceSurface

LARGE visible crystalsLARGE visible crystals Large crystals have time to form because Large crystals have time to form because

the cooling process is slow because it is the cooling process is slow because it is very warm closer to the mantlevery warm closer to the mantle

Intrusive Igneous: Intrusive Igneous: GraniteGranite

Where would intrusive Where would intrusive igneous rock likely be igneous rock likely be found?found?

Inside or below a volcanoInside or below a volcano In the mantleIn the mantle

ExtrusiveExtrusive

Magma cools RAPIDLY above Earth’s Magma cools RAPIDLY above Earth’s surfacesurface

Has SMALL microscopic crystalsHas SMALL microscopic crystals Crystals do not have time to form (because Crystals do not have time to form (because

cooling happens very quickly) so they’re cooling happens very quickly) so they’re very smallvery small

Extrusive Extrusive Igneous: Igneous: BasaltBasalt

Where would extrusive Where would extrusive igneous rock likely be igneous rock likely be found?found?

Outside of a volcanoOutside of a volcano In ridges!In ridges!

SEDIMENTARY ROCKSSEDIMENTARY ROCKS

Form when old Form when old pieces of rocks pieces of rocks have been have been weathered and weathered and combined to combined to make a new make a new rockrock

Sedimentary RocksSedimentary Rocks

Formed via 4 step process:Formed via 4 step process: 1. Weathering—wind, rain, and chemicals 1. Weathering—wind, rain, and chemicals

decompose the rocksdecompose the rocks 2. Erosion—Pieces of rock moved by wind or water2. Erosion—Pieces of rock moved by wind or water 3. Deposition—Pieces dropped in new location3. Deposition—Pieces dropped in new location 4. Sedimentation—Pieces compressed and 4. Sedimentation—Pieces compressed and

cemented togethercemented together

So, sedimentary rocks are formed where So, sedimentary rocks are formed where weathering occurs!weathering occurs! On the surface of the earth and near waterOn the surface of the earth and near water

Sedimentary Rocks: Sedimentary Rocks: Imp PointImp Point

As sediments continue to stack on top of As sediments continue to stack on top of each other, LAYERS will be formed in the each other, LAYERS will be formed in the rockrock

Therefore, sedimentary rocks contained Therefore, sedimentary rocks contained LAYERS called strataLAYERS called strata

Layers of Sedimentary RockLayers of Sedimentary Rock The layers that were deposited first will be on The layers that were deposited first will be on

the bottom.the bottom. So, So, oldest layers of rock are on the bottom oldest layers of rock are on the bottom

and the newest layers of rock are on the topand the newest layers of rock are on the top Layers of rock can be dated and can tell us a Layers of rock can be dated and can tell us a

lot of information about the conditions and the lot of information about the conditions and the species the lived when that rock was depositedspecies the lived when that rock was deposited Fossils are often found in layers of sedimentary rockFossils are often found in layers of sedimentary rock

This picture shows layers of rock on earth. You can see that the deepest layers contain the oldest fossils

Which layer Which layer here is the here is the oldest? The oldest? The newest?newest?

Answer:Answer: Kaibab Kaibab

Formation is Formation is oldestoldest

Dakota Dakota Formation is Formation is newestnewest

Rock Layers of Rock Layers of the Grand Canyonthe Grand Canyon

Sedimentary RocksSedimentary Rocks

SandstoneSandstone

Sedimentary RockSedimentary Rock

LimestoneLimestone

Sedimentary RockSedimentary Rock

siltstonesiltstone

Metamorphic RocksMetamorphic Rocks

Created when other rocks (sedimentary Created when other rocks (sedimentary or igneous) are or igneous) are changedchanged by heat and by heat and pressurepressure

Found at / near subduction zones Found at / near subduction zones because this is where crust (rock) is because this is where crust (rock) is pushed downward to areas of heat and pushed downward to areas of heat and pressure!pressure!

METAMORPHIC ROCKSMETAMORPHIC ROCKS

Metamorphic RocksMetamorphic Rocks

QuartziteQuartzite

Metamorphic RocksMetamorphic Rocks

MarbleMarble

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