new physics from cosmic neutrinos: extra dimensions and black holes
DESCRIPTION
New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes. Jonathan Feng UC Irvine 1 st ANITA Collaboration Meeting, UCI 24 November 2002. UHE Neutrinos. Probe astrophysical sources, given standard model n interactions - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos:Extra Dimensions and Black Holes
Jonathan Feng
UC Irvine
1st ANITA Collaboration Meeting, UCI
24 November 2002
![Page 2: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 2
UHE Neutrinos
• Probe astrophysical sources, given standard model interactions
• Probe new fundamental physics, given standard cosmogenic source
N Black Hole is the largest, most robust interaction predicted by extra dimensions
![Page 3: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 3
The Standard Model
• Where’s gravity?
• Many deep problems, but one obvious one:
For protons, gravity is 10-36 times weaker.
• Equal for mproton = mPlanck ~ 1018 GeV, energies far beyond experiment.
![Page 4: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 4
Gravity Is Weak
gravity
EM
Str
engt
h
r
![Page 5: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 5
Extra Dimensions
• Suppose photons are confined to D=4, but gravity propagates in n extra dimensions of size L:
For r L, Fgravity ~ 1/r2
For r L, Fgravity ~ 1/r2+n
Garden Hose
![Page 6: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 6
gravity
EM
Str
engt
h
r
…
1/mstrong
Gravity Becomes Stronger
![Page 7: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 7
Strong Gravity at the Electroweak Scale
• Suppose mstrong is 1 TeV, the electroweak
unification scale
• The number of extra dims n then fixes L
• n=1 excluded by solar system, but n=2, 3,… are allowed by tests of Newtonian gravity
![Page 8: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 8
Probing Extra Dimensions
• Modifications of Newtonian gravity at sub-mm scales
• Kaluza-Klein graviton effects at colliders, in supernovae, etc.
• …
• Microscopic black hole production
![Page 9: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 9
• BH creation requires
ECOM > mstrong
(Unique feature: robust and generic for high energies!)
• In 4D, mstrong ~ 1018 GeV, far above accessible energies ~ TeV
• But with extra dimensions, mstrong ~ TeV is possible, can create micro black holes in elementary particle collisions!
BHs from Particle Collisions
![Page 10: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 10
Black Holes at Colliders• BH created when two
particles of high enough energy pass within Schwarzschild radius
• LHC: ECOM = 14 TeV pp BH + X
• Find as many as 1 BH produced per second Dimopoulos, Landsberg (2001)
![Page 11: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 11
Micro Black Hole PropertiesClassically: StableQuantum mechanically: decay through Hawking evaporation
• Lifetime ~ M3 :
MBH ~ Msun forever
MBH ~ TeV 10-27 s
• Temperature TH ~ 1/M :
MBH ~ Msun TH ~ 0.01 K photons
MBH ~ TeV TH ~ 100 GeV q, g, e, , , , , W, Z, h, G
![Page 12: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 12
Collider Signature
• Multiplicity ~ 10-50
• Hadron:lepton = 5:1
• Spherical events with leptons, many jets
De Roeck (2002)
![Page 13: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 13
Black Holes from Cosmic Rays
• Cosmic rays – the high energy frontier
• Observed events with 1019 eV ECOM ~ 100 TeV
• But meager fluxes! Can we harness this energy?
Kampert, Swordy (2001)
![Page 14: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 14
Cosmic Neutrinos
One Approach:• Cosmic rays create ultra-
high energy neutrinos:
• BH gives inclined showers starting deep in the atmosphere
Feng, Shapere (2001)
![Page 15: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 15
Deep Inclined Showers
![Page 16: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 16
Cosmic Ray Black Holes
• Cosmogenic flux yields a few black holes every minute somewhere in the Earth’s atmosphere
• Current bounds from Fly’s Eye and AGASA comparable to or better than all known bounds (Tevatron, etc.)
Anchordoqui, Feng, Goldberg, Shapere (2002)
Mst
rong
(T
eV)
Lower Bounds for 1 to 7 Extra Dimensions
n=7
n=1
![Page 17: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 17
Auger Observatory
• Auger could detect ~100 black holes per year
• Provides first chance to see black holes from extra dimensions
Mst
rong
(T
eV)
Feng, Shapere (2001)
![Page 18: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 18
Other Cosmic BH Work• Auger, AGASA [Feng, Shapere (2001), Anchordoqui, Goldberg
(2001), Emparan, Masip, Rattazzi (2001), Anchordoqui, Feng, Goldberg (2002)]
• Fly’s Eye/HiRes [Ringwald, Tu (2001), Anchordoqui, Feng, Goldberg, Shapere (2001)]
• AMANDA, IceCube [Uehara (2001), Kowalski, Ringwald, Tu (2002), Alvarez-Muniz, Feng, Halzen, Han, Hooper (2002), Friess, Han, Hooper (2002)]
• RICE [McKay, et al. (2002)]• EUSO/OWL [Iyer Dutta, Reno, Sarcevic (2002)]• p-Branes, Warped Scenarios [Alvarez-Muniz, Halzen, Han, Hooper
(2001), Ahn, Cavaglia, Olinto (2002), Jain, Kar, Panda, Ralston (2002), Anchordoqui, Goldberg, Shapere (2002), Han, Kribs, McElrath (2002), …]
• ANITA?
![Page 19: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 19
What You Could Do With A Black Hole If You Made One
• Discover extra dimensions
• Test Hawking evaporation, BH properties
• Explore last stages of BH evaporation, quantum gravity, information loss problem
• ……
![Page 20: New Physics from Cosmic Neutrinos: Extra Dimensions and Black Holes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814db3550346895dbb08e1/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
24 November 2002 ANITA Collaboration Meeting Feng 20
Conclusions
• Gravity is either intrinsically weak or is strong but diluted by extra dimensions
• If gravity is strong at 1 TeV, extra dimensions will be discovered through black holes from cosmic rays
Anchordoqui, Feng, Goldberg, Shapere (2001)
Mst
rong
(T
eV)