1. DR. RAJU M. MATHEW SORIGINAL RESEARCH WORKS IN ECONOMICS OF KNOWLEDGE, KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY, KNOWLEDGE THEORIES AND KNOWMATICS 1979 - 2012

2. ECONOMCS OF KNOWLEDGE: MY DAYS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS After studying Economics in a very serious way at St. Berchmans College, Chanaganacherry, Kerala, India both for my B. A. and M. A. and teaching Economics at St. Dominics College, Kanjirapply, Kerala, India, I joined for my Masters Degree in Library & Information Science in 1978. Along with Management of Information Systems and Services and Computer Applications in Libraries, I started to study on applying Economic Theories and Principles on Knowledge and Libraries. Since there was no computer in Madras University in 1978, my practical classes in Computer Application were conducted at the Computer Science Department of the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras. Both the British Council Library and American Library (USIS Library) Madras extended their support for us.

3. METHDOLOGICALPROBLEMS Some of the basic methodological challenges that I encountered were: 1. There was no tool to treat knowledge as a commodity to consume and produce and measure and categorize knowledge on the basis of quality and quantity. 2. Economists had taken no pain to study university libraries as an enterprise charged with procurement and delivery of Knowledge for the academic community. 3.Libraries were left exclusively for the traditional librarians who had given more emphasis on technicalities of university libraries such as purchase, classification and cataloguing of books rather than their management or delivery of services. 4. There was not any model or research work in applying Economics on a University Library

4. THE BENEFICIAL LIBRARY The British Council Library, Madras had brought to my attention towards a new research work of Prof. Gordon Wills and Christina Oldman, The Beneficial Library applying Economics and Management Principles in a British University Library. It was an incomplete study, ending with Literature Survey and a limited Data Analysis. That had provoked me to write to Prof. Wills of the Cranfield Institute of Technology, UK criticizing the book and also stating about my work. He wrote me back that he was eager to see the final outcomes of my work in applying Economics on Knowledge and a University Library. That had made me to realize the uniqueness and importance of my work.

5. KNOWLEDGE FOR CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION Even though I sought the help of Professors of Economics, Management, Philosophy, Mathematics and Computer Science, nobody was there to help me resolve the basic methodological problems of treating Knowledge as a Product for Consumption and Production and a University Library as a Knowledge Procurement, Processing and Delivering Unit and a University as a Knowledge Consumption and Production Enterprise. I was not ready to surrender. After studying the History of Sciences and Philosophy of Sciences and observing the academic community in their knowledge or library use pattern and behavior, finally I was able to complete my study. However, the Madras University awarded me a just minimum pass marks for my dissertation because my work was not in tune with the tradition of librarians, including Dr. S. R. Ranganathan, the Father of Library Science in India..

6. LIBRARY RESOURCEALLOCATION My set back at the Madras University wounded me a lot, for I was treated like a traitor or enemy of Library Science and the conventional wisdom of Librarians in India. As had been suggested by Prof. Gordon Wills of Cranfield School of Management, UK, I submitted a complete report about my work and findings. Prof. Wills asked MCB University Press, UK and USA, his publisher to publish my work and on that basis they contacted me. They asked me to send the manuscript .In 1979, there was only the old type mechanical typewriter and even electric or electronic typewriter or personal computer or internet was not available in India. Using my typewriter, I typed the entire text and sent the manuscript by Air Mail to England. In 1981, it was published from England and the USA in the form of a book, Library Resource Allocation by the MCB University Press. For their extensive reviews, it became very popular not only in England and the USA but also in the USSR.

7. THE FATHER OF INFORMATICS In 1981, when my book was published, Information technology was not born. In academic circles, there was not much distinction between Information and Knowledge and Information was taken superior to Knowledge; scientific community had heavily relayed upon Information and Indexing Systems. My book was prescribed as a reading material for the Masters program in Information Management of the Syracuse University. It was also came to the notice of Prof. A. I. Mikhalove, the Director of VINITI of the USSR and the Father of Informatics and the Chairman of the FID Committee on Research on the Theoretical Basis of Information Science. Prof. Mikhalove nominated me as one of the twelve members and the youngest member of the FID Committee, having consultative status with UNESCO. The Indian Council of Social Science research put me as the Director of a major Research Project on Knowledge Management of Universities.

8. DISSENTING DR. ABDUL SALAM AND MR. ALVIN TOFFLER On the basis of my FID Committee membership, in 1984 I got an invitation from the Intergovernmental Bureau for Informatics, Rome , an autonomous body created by the UN and the UNESCO, to contribute a paper for its World Conference on Strategies and Policies for Informatics for Development. In my paper, I criticized Alvin Toffler for his inability to bring the Third World in his Future Shock and Third Wave and Prof. Abdul Salam, the Nobel Laureate in Physics for his Islamic Bomb, besides formulating Two Way Flow Principle for Data Flow between the Industrialized and the Third World Countries and Theory of Mass Suicidal Mania of the Third World that would lead to Religious Fundamentalism, Terrorism and greater Military Expenditure and the New War between the Third World and Industrialized World. I also proposed Strategies to Redesign Informatics for Third World

9. OFFICIAL DOCUMENT FORREFERENCE Quite surprisingly, both Dr. Abdul Salam and Mr. Alvin Toffler who were made as referees for my paper, recommend my paper for the Conference with the status of official document for reference and it was translated into eight languages. Since the University denied me permission to attend the conference, in my absence it was presented before the conference attended by over 100 heads of nations. Both the Un and UNESCO made over 1000 million dollars under the disposal of the Intergovernmental Bureau for Informatics to help the Third World

10. ABORTED INFORMATICSPROJECT Since I was the only contributor from India for the Conference, I was contacted by IBI to submit a major project proposal worth minimum $30 million for Setting Up a Centre in Kerala for Redesigning Informatics for Development and Global Peace, in Nov. 1984. The proposal must be routed through the Government of India with the recommendation of the Calicut University. As the Vice-Chancellor, an IAS officer, was against such a big project, that too in Informatics, a quite unknown field for the him and his Professors and also the members of the University Syndicate (the Governing Council), I could not proceed with the Project. Had it been implemented, Kerala would have been far ahead in Information Technology.

11. MATHEWS THEORIES OFKNOWLEDGE In Dec. 1984, Prof. Mikhalove asked me to contribute a paper for the forthcoming collection of papers, Theoretical Problems of Informatics, developing at least one original theory. I took it as a challenge for I found that Consumption and Production of Information or Knowledge and their interrelationships were the basic problem of Informatics in the coming years. In 1985, the USSR Academy of Sciences published my two theories : Information Consumption- Production Correlation and the Stage Theory of Information Consumption-Production growth for the FID Committee in Russian and English and subsequently appeared over eight languages. Now they are known as Mathews Theories of Knowledge and they have emerged as an area for research.

12. INTERANTIONAL INFORMATION ECONOMY For the World Conference on International Information Economy held in the USA in 1985, on the basis of a specific invitation, I contributed a paper, India and International Information Economy and all the contributions were published in the International Information Economy Handbook, edited by Russell Pipe, 1985. This work is considered as the first work on Globalization and the role of Information Technology in shaping globalization. My paper helped the international community understand the progressive policies of India to become an Information Economy under the then Prime Minister, Mr. Rajive Ghandi.

13. GATT, WTO AND TRADE INSERVICES On the basis of the publication of my paper, India and International Information Economy in the International Information Economy Handbook, I was asked to write a paper to express the concern of the Third World with regard to the Ministerial Discussion on Trade-in Services of the Uruguay Round of the GATT in Jan 1987, that paved the way for the formation of the World Trade Organization. The Hindu News paper in its Open Page published my article, Time to Exploit the Potential of the Service Sector and Transnational Data Report (USA) published my paper, Services

14. A TRIBUTE TO THE LATE RAJIVEGANDHI As a result of my various publications, the then Prime Minister of India, the late Mr. Rajive Gandhi, got several international references about me in connection with his Dream for 21st Century India and as a result he contacted me and asked me to send copies of my papers. He was impressed about them and even asked to enter into public life rather than remaining at Calicut University where nobody was there to understand my works, other than treating me a rebel or eccentric. In fact, Mr. Rajive Gandhi was the only person from India to appreciate my works. For his sudden demise due to terrorist or suicidal bomb attack, nobody was there in India to encourage my works and that was a shock for me. Then I stopped my research works and publications, though I turned to the Bible, the Quran the Vedas and Upanishads, the Buddhist teachings besides Yoga , Ayurveda and Tribal Medicine.

15. KNOWING KNOWLEDGE With the help of my Theories of Knowledge Consumption- Production, formulated in 1984, I developed a mastery in learning new disciplines with lesser time and effort for I found a common structure and method for almost all domains of knowledge which are built upon a set of core concepts that are dynamic, non-linear and multi- dimensional Though I engaged in learning, I used to sleep eight hours a day, besides walking for an hour and meeting people. My background in Yoga and Tantric helped me master my own brain power, time and physical power and at the same time keep me young and dynamic. My intensive study of the Scriptures, Vedic works, including Arthasatra and Kama Sutra, Yoga, Ayurveda and Tribal Medicine, besides my background in Economics, Education, Cybernetics, Library & Information Science, History of Science, Philosophy of Sciences, Marxism, Fascism, Gandhism and Terrorism, helped me understand the Nature, Structure and Representation of Knowledge. I am concerned not in seeking knowledge, but knowing knowledge, that makes

16. GUIDING/ SUPERVISING DOCTORALRESEARCH On the basis of my original works, the new Vice- Chancellor of the Calicut University, Dr. T. K. Ravindran made me a research guide / supervisor, before I was awarded a Ph.D. Degree that made some teachers organizations to agitate and make a complaint to the Chancellor who dismissed their complaints and upheld my doctoral research guideship. Researchers from different universities in Kerala approached me for doctoral research and we explored the unexplored areas of knowledge, that is the nature and structure of knowledge dealt in the Bible, Quran, the Vedas and Upanishads, Ayurveda, Tribal Medicine and also on Information Technology Applications, Education, Keralas Industrial Development Pattern and so on. In my previous presentation, I have enlisted the doctoral works that I

17. KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATIONTECHNOLOGY Though Information Technology originated by 1985-87, I started to make works on Informatics, the earlier version of Information Technology, as early as 1984, including two basic theories of Informatics, published from Moscow. Since then I had been carefully observing the trends of growth of Information Technology and the growth of dot com companies. In Aug. 2001, I even predicted the IT Industries and that become true in 2002. After realizing the inability of Information Technology in processing and handling Knowledge other than data and information, making use of my vast knowledge on the nature and structure of knowledge and my own theories of Knowledge, on Feb. 9, 2005, I propounded Knowmatics. The First Conference on Knowmatics was organized at Calicut University, without any financial support from the University, on 27-28 May 2005, in which Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, the then President of India had contributed a paper. Details had been reported in the Hindu News Paper and also in the Calicut University News, July 2005 issue.

18. KNOWMATICS AND MATHEWS THEORIES Information Technology Revolution had become a reality by 1987. Information and Communication Technologies have pervaded in almost all sectors and human activities, Banking, Finance, International Trade Corporate and Governmental Administration and so on. IT had emerged as a force to determine the fate of nations as well as business or industrial enterprises. However, for the inherent weakness, I T could not enter in Knowledge rather than Data or Information. This had made Mathew to propound Knowmatics Mathematics and Engineering of Knowledge, as an elaboration of Mathews Theories of Knowledge in 2005.

19. KNOWMATICS - INTERANTIONALRECOGNITION For the Third World Universities Forum held at IIT, Mumbai, India in Jan. 2010, I submitted a paper, Knowmatics- A New Revolution in Higher Education , jointly with R.R. Mathew of Random House Pub. , London, in June 2009. Since the organizers could not find three referees to assess the paper, it was not presented. However, by July 2010, they could obtain reports of three international referees, including UNESCO experts, who awarded more than 80% marks for the paper. The paper was finally presented for the Fourth World Universities Forum held at Hong Kong, Jan. 14-16, 2011. Its video presentation has already been posted in YouTube by the organizers. The paper, published in the Journal of the World Universities Forum 4,1,2011:1-11, was nominated as a Finalist for the Intentional Award for Excellence at third position. The World Universities Forum comes under World Economics Forum. Hence, Knowmatics has been recognized internationally. Recently, I proposed Arab Knowledge Bank and World Knowledge Bank.

20. THIS IS THE GREATDEPRESSION II Besides, I have also brought out 15 works on the Global Economic Crisis, starting from Aug. 2009 in the Market Oracle (UK) and other publications, including Harvard Business Review debate. I have been telling that The Crisis would emerge from Financial Meltdown and Recession to a Great Depression The Great Depression II and last more than 10 years and only through a Global Strategy ensuring both Inter-Regional and Inter-Sector Balances, can it be tackled. With the American or the European or the Chinese or the Indian or the Brazilian Stimulus Packages it could not be solved; even the so called BRICS could not sail long in the rough waters of the Global Economy; with the wisdom and data analysis and interpretation skills of the American or the European Nobel Laureates in Economics and Management Professors of Harvard or other Business Schools, it could not solved. What is required is a Global Strategy of Food, Dignity and Knowledge for All to ensure lasting Peace and Development. An Education

21. THE CONCLUDINGREMARKS The very purpose of this presentation is to give an idea about my last 30 years works on Knowledge, Informatics, Information Technology, Knowmatics, Knowledge Economy, Knowledge Industry and Knowledge Banks and how to make knowledge accessible to the entire humanity and thereby empower all men and women on earth. It is hoped that Academic Community and IT or Knowledge Professionals will make use of these works for creating a Global Knowledge Economy, without repeating the works that I have conducted so far. Dr. Raju M. Mathew