MOCRAT (Incorporating "Irish Freedom")

SUPPLEMENT

Young Ireland 1848

New Srties No. 42 JUNE, 1948 ENLARGED NUMBER Price 6d.

Atrocities in Prison?

I T is reported that YViMiam Gal-laehcr, Communist member for

West Fife, and Mr. A. Mulvfcy, veteran nationalist member for Fermanagh-Tyrone. are investigating allegations that two of the I.R.A. prisoners in Parkhurst , on hunger strike following an alleged attempt to escape, have been subjected to the brutal torture of forcible feeding, and that one of them now lies seriously ill in hospital with suspected ulceration of the stomach.

The hunger strike is said to have been undertaken as a protest against the infliction of over five weeks' solitary confinement with "dietary punishment" (bread and water "not fit for a dog.")

Whether tlie details of the report are correct or not will emerge f rom the enquiries being made which nobody would wish to anticipate. But the re-port has an unfortunate air of veri-similitude. The mind goes back to the horrible accounts of the forcible feed-ing of Malone some years back, the strapping of the defenceless man to the table, the prizing open of the re-sisting Jaws with instruments akin to pliers, four warders meanwhile holding him down, the insertion of the rubber tube purposefully made big enough to give the maximum pain on Its way to the stomach, and then the final pump-ing in of liquid food under pressure. No wonder two years later Malone died of cancer of the stomach.

More power to the elbows of the M.P.s who are looking into the case. May they not stop till they have cleansed the entire prison system of this land by segregating political prisoners on the left as well as the wealthy 18-B Fascists, and by making such barbarous brutality and torture illegal.

TWENTY MILLION TRIBUTE Stormont Budget Shocks North

OUR B E L F A S T C O R R E S P O N D E N T F I N A N C E Minister, Maynard Sinclair, amazed public opinion in the six

counties by announcing a budget in which the £21,500,000 difference between a revenue of £59,000,000 and an expenditure of £37,400.000 was devoted to the infamous "Imperial Contribution," at a time when industry stagnates with 30,000 unemployed, and the homeless tramp the streets in a vain search for accommodation.

Comment centres on the surpris ing revenue figure. £59.000.000 is a tidy figure for a populat ion of 1,300,000. The revenue of the three other provinces plus the three f r ee Ulster counties, now attached to Leinster and Connaught. with two and a quar te r times the population of six-county-land is only £11,000,000 grea ter than that of north-east Ulster.

accept a token payment r each ing during the thir t ies as low a figure as a few hun-dred thousand pounds.

POLITICIANS AGLOW I t must be h a n d e d to the Unionis t

clique and the Br i t i sh Impsr ia l is ts t h a t in picking and choosing t he areas to be cu t off f rom the I r i sh na t i on they made sure to grab those where m a n u f a c t u r i n g indus-t ry was highly developed. This develop-men t explains t he ability of the F i n a n c e Minis ter to raise £59 million in taxes.

The local Tory press and polit icians a r e all aglow about t he paymen t of the £ 2 1 million towards the expenses common to t he United Kingdom. ' T h a t should s h a k e t he ant i -par t i t ion gang ! " is the sen t imen t expressed by the press, rebut t ing t h e charge t h a t Nor th -Eas t Ulster is "sub-sidised by Br i ta in ."

OVERPAYMENT On the surface the "subsidising" charge

would seem to be rebu t ted . For £21 mil-lion imperial contr ibut ion is roughly t h r ee t imes the a m o u n t s t ipu la ted by the 1921 se t t lement . Bu t t he r e is a big change in t he value of money since Craigavon set up shop in Stormont . And the Belfast Gov-e r n m e n t is mak ing th i s nominal 'over-payment ' as an insurance against the s lump dangers which permanent ly h a u n t them in war a n d peace a n d at no t ime more forcibly t h a n in the 'boom periods. Despite 30,000 unemployed the present is regarded officially as a near-boom period.

I t must be remembered t h a t a t no t ime in the inter-war years did the Nor the rn I re land Government pay the s t ipulated imperial contr ibut ion. B r i t a i g agreed to

WAITING LISTS In inf la ted war-currency a n d on the

basis of t h e hang-over of war economy, Belfast is now paying i ts fo rmal debt con-tracted t h r o u g h i ts de fau l t on the Im-perial cont r ibut ion in the in ter-war years and s taking i ts claims for subsidisat ion in the galley days it everlast ingly ant icipates .

Major Sincla i r told t h e S t o r m o n t House tha t one reason for the size of t he surplus was tha t expendi ture on hous ing was lower t h a n an t ic ipa ted by a figure ap-proaching £ l i million.

Belfast c i ty h a s 25,000 ci t izens on the waiting lists fo r houses.

JIM O'REGAN Cork International Brigader now in

Parkhurst

Rural Workers Organise To Fight Rent Increases

from our DERRY

NO R T H E R N IRELAND r u r a l councils domina ted by Tory fa rmers , have

made moves to increase the r e n t s of la-bourers ' cot tages . These cot tages a r e ex-cluded f r o m t h e operat ion of the R e n t Re-str ict ions Acts a n d the ren ts c a n be raised subject to t he sanct ion of the Minis t ry of Hea l th a n d Local Government .

B u t t e n a n t s are forming associat ions wi th the object of prevent ing t he rura l author i t ies f r o m increasing t he r en t s . I t may be no ted t h a t these t e n a n t s are mostly agr icu l tura l a n d general labourers very rarely connected with fo rms of orga-nisa t ion f ami l i a r to working class people.

At a recent meet ing of the t e n a n t s of over 100 houses in one area in Co. Derry, i t was unanimous ly decided to p ro tes t to t h e Ministry of Hea l th and Local Govern-men t agains t t h e decision of the Council to seek permission f rom the Min is t ry to increase the r e n t s of cot tages unde r the i r control. I t was also decided to fo rm a Cot tage T e n a n t s ' Association to organise t he protest a n d to protect the in te res t s of t enan t s .

It is generally believed that the rents of these local authority-houses were based on the need to reoovert

(1) Initial costs of site, comtructlon, ete.

(2) Legal expenses, Interest charges and expenses In connection with the col-lection of rents, etc. and

CORRESPONDENT (3) Costs of m a i n t e n a n c e and repairs ,

less the financial ass i s tance provided by t he Government . Therefore , the t e n a n t s take the view

t h a t when the r en t s of the cot tages (a g r ea t many of which were built 20 to 45 years ago) were being fixed by the Coun-cils and sanctioned by the Ministry, they were considered to be 'economic' rents suf-ficient to compensate t he Councils for t h e financial outlay over, say, a period of 20 years, the cost of repa i r s being the only var iable factor. T h e t e n a n t s do not dis-pu te the fac t t h a t costs of mater ia ls have

(Continued on Page Two)

CORK LABOUR SA YS 'Release Prisoners9

from JAMES SAVAGE £ 0 R K Branch of the Labour Party has passed unanimously a resolution

calling for the release of the Republican prisoners held by the British Government in Parkhurst prison. The Labour Party pressed that the matter should be raised strongly in the Dail and that representations be made to the British Government. Criticism is widespread in Cork of the

attitude of the British Labour Government whose sympathisers and supporters find it very difficult to justify. It is felt that Labour in England is as anti-Irish as the Tories, and the slowness of its leadership to refute this chargc is losing it prestige.

White Scourge Tuberculosis in Cork City has reached

such alarming proportions that it is esti-mated that one in every five persons suffers in some degree from this malady. Causes are to be sought in bad housing, under-nourishment, and the lack of adequate sanatoria.

Food is plentiful but the working class are not in a financial position to buy it, and thousands live on a diet of bread and tea. Apart from bad housing, the bad conditions in factories in this industrial city also con-tribute towards lowering the standard of health.

Finance The Auditor-General's report on the ac-

counts for the financial year 1946-7, is now available, and has received much criticism. In the report a turf, timber, fuel outlay of £4,701,000 was paid to Government fjpon-sored Fuel Importers Ltd., as compensation for trading losses.

Dominion Status Revived r HE Northern Ireland Labour Party

Executive has ordered the constituency organisation to expel from membership non-residents of Northern Ireland.

This remarkable decision will affect not only a number of prominent members of the British Party, but also Trade Union officials who happen to operate from Dublin,/ for all Ireland. Some of these were Northern resi-dents and have been in the Party longer than the present officers. A member of the Executive who has been forced to take up employment in England, also comes under the ban.

Alarmed at the success of the recent scries of meetings addressed by Geoffrey Bing, and

the fact that taboo issues were freely dis-cussed not only by Bing, but by Party mem-bers. the right wing leadership is now attempting to Introduce a "rule" requiring Parties to obtain the sanction of the Executive to hold meetings with non-N.I.L.P. speakers on pain of expulsion.

There is no doubt t ha t if the Executive Is permitted to bring in this regulation, and many feel that it requires a rules revision conference to sanction it, speakers who have vtews on the Irish situation will not be per-mitted to speak under N.I .LP. auspices. Mr. Bing is. of course, the English public enemy No. 1 among the gentlemen who are guiding the destinies of t h i Par ty at present.

It is being said that if great care had been taken of the accumulated stocks, the deficit would have been less. I t is alleged tha t timber was retained unt i l it was seriously deteriorating, and tha t the poor quality turf stacked crumbled to powder in the wet weather. The blame for this is usually laid on the (Fianna Fail) Government of the day.

No Catholics! THE religious discrimination which per-

meates every aspect of life in the six counties, was exposed by John McAllnden who, in a letter to the "Irish Democrat," des-cribed the anti-Labour, anti-Nationalist bias in the allocation of houses in Rathfr i land, Co. Down.

Mr. McAlinden writes: "I am a f a rm labourer and the'medlcal officer of this town recommended me for a labourer's cottage owing to my having a family of ten, and only one bedroom. But the Newry No. 1 Rural District Council gave the first vacant cottage to a man who was not even employed in the area, all because I supported Desmond Donnelly and Labour."

Out of nineteen cottages formerly avail-able it is alleged that Catholics obtained only two, yet men f rom Banbridge were given cottages although not legally entitled to a tenancy.

Yet, Mr. McAlinden continues, thirteen Catholics lost their lives in the two wars and only five of all o ther denominations. Meanwhile, Mr. McAlinden and others like him continue to live In overcrowded condi-tions, with consequental damage to health.

1 8 4 8 - 1 9 4 8

C B f T B M l T NUMBER 6d

WHEN IN LONDON S t r a p A T T H E

NORFOLK SQUARE PABDINGTON STATION

•Phone : PADdlngton 6443

of "IrUh Democra t" lire m » >pMW M t n o c .

BBN OWENS

THE IRISH DEMOCRAT June, 1948

YOUTH MOVEMENT AIMS T H E Socialist Youth Movement of Ireland has been the target of * unprincipled attacks. But those who attack it do not publish its true

aims and objects and let people judge for themselves.

Our Movement being a youth Movement, has a different aim from that of a political Party. But we hold that the young people will never have their claims met until there is a democratic People's Republic, in which the land, industries and sources of raw material are in the hands of the people, lather than of a profit-making few.

Partition We condemn the enforced part i t ion of our

count ry without reservation. But unlike some demogogues and quacks we believe t ha t responsibility lies with the rulers of the 26 counties , as well as with those of the North and of Britain.

All Parties, in their election addresses, use par t i t ion to hide their bankruptcy. Many of t h e m would hate to see a united Ireland, for they would lose a weapon of great "hood-winking value."

T h e r e will be no real prosperity till parti-t ion is ended. But the resources of the relatively free south must be developed to the l imit NOW, and the s tandard of living raised a t the expense of the vested interests. T h e n the people of the North will see them-selves deriving something concrete f rom uni ty .

T h e solution of part i t ion rests not with the P a r t y politicians but with the people. So t h a t youth will play its par t the S.Y.M. in-tends to extend its activities in the Six Counties .

Irish T h e Socialist Youth Movement favours the

revival of the language. But the a t t empt to revive it by appealing to the "idealism" of the people is bound to fail . Only by placing it side-by-side with a rising s t andard of living, especially in the now dwindling Gael-t a ch t can the revivalist movement succeed.

We condemn those people who use Par t i -tion a n d Ir ish as smokescreens to hide their fai lure to utilise the measu re of nat ional freedom already achieved for the benefit of the working people.

Education We a re agitating for more and better

educat ional facilities a n d for equal oppor-tuni t ies for all to benefit f r o m them. Educa-tion should be free for all, f rom primary school to university. We need many more veterinary and agr icul tural colleges and demonst ra t ion f a rms where the country youth c a n learn progressive farming. Full ma in t enance should be paid to all such and special prizes for efficiency offered.

Peace With the object of establishing contact

with progressive youth organisat ions abroad, we have affiliated to the World Federation of Democrat ic Youth, which uni tes 40 million young people.

•This is better than selling ourselves to un-c h r i s t i a n negro-baiting Uncle Sam.

For knowing well t h a t in any war the youth does all the. fighting and sacrificing and receives nothing whatever in recognition or r e tu rn , the Socialist Youth Movement s tands for PEACE.

PAT O'NEILL

M E E T I N G S J By R. DOYLE

' T H E splendid support a t Connolr Avwna--L tion meetings throughout London, is .hi

best answer to the slanderous at tack ' , bcin made against us in the Fascist Press. , >;;, detractors accuse us of ulterior mo' ivo: !:i demanding the ending of part i t ion, the •, lease of the Republ ican prisoners ; i. p a r ; hurs t , and fair terms of t rade i.vuvi •: Br i ta in and I re land. They take up a p.:;. .. which De Valera refysed to ado:>. «•,;•„ pressed by the react ionary Dillon, now in i . Government , and I would ask th.isc • make these ins inuat ions what have t tuv :! :. themselves aga ins t part i t ion, for prisoners, or for the prosper::;, of country?

The exiles know who is who. ft! ... .,<v meeting people have come forward t„ in the Association, even when no specia ; ri:: ,u lias been made.

Part icularly I would like to t h a n k who contributed to the £3 colleerix, . up in West London. This rapidly itterea.-:::: support has necessitated us looking for larger hall in which to hold our „ meetings. An announcemen t will be mani-as soon as this h a s been found.

The following meet ings will be held in June , in addit ion to the regular Suadav meetings in Hyde P a r k : Tuesday, .June l,y. Pr ince of Wales, -Harrow Road, 7 p.m. 3 p .m.; Saturday, 5th June, Quex Road, Kilburn, 6.30 p.m.; Sa turday , 12th June, 7 p.m., Queensway, W.2.; Sunday, 13,h Julie. 11.30 a.m., Parkway, Camden Town; Wed-nesday, 16th June , 7 p.m., King Street, Hammersmi th ; Sunday, 20 th June , 11.30 a.m., Hounslow Square, Kensington, W.ll; Wednesday, 23rd June , Dock Head, Bermond-sey, 7 p.m.; Sunday, 27th June , 11.30 a.m., Artesian Road, Padding ton , W.2.

I r ish and English, come a n d hea r our case against par t i t ion and for the release of the Republican prisoners, for democracy Nor th and South of the border.

2

Rural Workers Organise

(Continued from Page One, Col. Two)

nsvn , b u t they dispute t h e a r g u m e n t t h a t r epa i r s a n d m a i n t e n a n t e work are being car r ied out in sufficient q u a n t i t y to war-r a m a n increase in rent .

S M A L L W A G E S It .s a r g u e d by ce r t a in r u r a l councillors

t h a t a s wages have r i sen r e n t s also should rise a n d it is suggested t h a t very h igh wages a r e coming into s o m e households. Agr i cu l tu r e workers would d ispute this " a r g u m e n t , " drawing a s t h e y do the p i ince ly s u m of under £ 4 a week and, in any even t , wage ra tes do n o t come into the p i c t u r e a s when wages a r e small or a m a n is on the dole t h e r e is no talk of lower ing h i s rent.

W o f k e r s are incensed w h e n thei r still total ly insufficient i ncomes a n d such social secur i ty re forms a s f a m i l y allow-ances i n t e n d e d to benef i t t h e hea l th and genera l well-being of t h e chi ldren , are ea ten u p by-higher ren t s .

COLERAINE

\T Coleraine Borough Council on the 3rd

May, 1948, Labour member J. D. Murphy, member of the Housing Committee of the Council , accused Aid. D. Hall Christie, Mayor for many years, f a t h e r of the present Mayor a n d a business m a n with extensive financial interests, of d iscr iminat ion against the Catholic population in t he letting of houses.

Aid. M u r p h y ' s a r r a i g n m e n t of the ex-Mayor was motivated by a s t a t emen t said to have been m a d e at a meeting of the Housing Committee t ha t they should "see tha t too many Cathol ics did not get houses."

Aid. Chr is t ie said he could not understand why the people voted for Aid. Murphy. Aid. Murphy replied that Aid. Christie had dominated t he Council for years and did not realise t h a t there were now members li) the Council w h o would not be dominated .

Come Outside Tory members of the Council spoke in

Support of Aid. Christie bu t l a b o u r Coun. McLaughlin stated that he h a d noted tha t Mr Chriat ie in his reply h a d fai led to deny the alleged remarks. Aid. Chr is t ie rose and in blustering and incoherent m a n n e r chal-lenged Aid. Murphy to make h i s accusations outside the precincts of t he Council chambers.

Christianity Needed At a l a t e r stage of the meeting, Aid.

Christie proposed that a le t ter be sent to Canon McLaverty, P.P., congra tu la t ing him on his completion of fifty years in the priesthood a n d this was seconded by the Mayor, Coun. D. J. Christie, a n d supported by other members, including Aid. Murphy, who said t h a t they needed a little Christ-ianity in t h e Council so t h a t a greater measure of justice might prevail .

We l e a m t h a t at the last mee t ing of the Housing Commit tee prior to t h e Council's monthly meet ing, Aid. Murphy said t ha t of forty new houses allocated only th ree of the successful appl icants were Catholics .

'STANDARD' IN FULL RETREAT p X P O S U R E by t h e " I r i sh D e m o c r a t " of

a t t e m p t s to coerce a young Cork Ca th -ol ic In to l eav ing t he Social is t You th Move-m e n t b y t h r e a t e n i n g h i s f ami ly h a s d r a w n t h e red-cheeked-admiss ion f r o m t h e Dublin " S t a n d a r d " (which it m u s t a lways be re-m e m b e r e d is not a n official Cathol ic p a p e r ) t h a t " in t imida t ion of t h e Kennedy f a m i l y of t h e type descr ibed could never be j u s t i f i e d . "

A l t h o u g h by th i s well- t imed wi thd rawa l d i s s o c i a t i n g itself f r o m a n d min imi s ing its own c o n t r i b u t i o n to t h e unsavoury affa i r , it c o n t i n u e s with t h e veiled t h r e a f : "He

owes it to his family and the faith he pro-fesses to repudiate the slur on the Catho-lics of Cork City."

D e p a r t i n g f rom all p rev ious ly accepted Cathol ic p r o n o u n c e m e n t s it h i n t s t ha t a Cathol ic c a n n o t be a Socia l i s t in the words "we d o u b t if he l i teral ly knows what he is s a y i n g w h e n he dec la res h imself to be a Social is t a n d a p r ac t i s i ng Cathol ic ."

CONNOLLY M A T E R I A L I S T ? It desc r ibes the f a m o u s quo ta t ion used

by Connol ly a t t he head of his f a m o u s "Labour , Nat iona l i ty , a n d Rel ig ion" as re-

vealing its materialist, anti-Cathoiic philo-sophy."

In a further p a r a g r a p h devoted to the " I r i s h D e m o c r a t " release the p r s j i c r s m e e t i n g it r e p r e s e n t s P l a t t s - M i h s a s say-ing t h a t Greek p r i s o n s were t h e worst in t h e world, a s t a t e m e n t wi th which i he " S t a n d a r d " d i s ag ree s . It will he re-m e m b e r e d t h a t t h e a l lus ion to p/fsons w a s m a d e by Mr. K e n n e d y of t h e London T r a d e s Council w h o descr ibed t h e British s y s t e m of not d i s t i n g u i s h i n g pol i t ical from c o m m o n c r i m i n a l s a s " t h e wors t in the wor ld ."

T h e " S t a n d a r d " c o n t a i n s no referei ica to t h e judicial m u r d e r s t a k i n g plasa in Greece which h a v e shocked world opinion.

•

i t

3 • • • t ft 3

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C O M F O R T AND GOOD FOOD?

3 S • » • 3 • : • • 3

THE QUEENSBURY HOTEL

BRfGHTON

-Batfy BqofcWS» are invi ted

Bed a n d Breakfas t f rom 10/6 per

night or £3-3-0 per .... week.

Bed, B r e a k f a s t and S inner f r o m £4-4-0

per week. Pull boa rd item £5-8-0 pe r week.

Write ar phone

THE QUEEN8BURY HOTEL REGt iNCY SQUARE - B R I G H T O N

(Tel . Brighton 3358)

L E T T E R S sions, when the church h a s entered politics, history h a s proved, and the c h u r c h admitted a f t e rwards (as in the case of Father M'Olywi, who was excommunicated for his Socialistic land teachings, b u t later rein-stated without being required to change his prirtciples), t ha t it had been wrong.

I suppor t the courageous s t and of the "Democrat ." Keep religion out of "politics. Keep politics out of religion.

JACK JUDGE. "» * *

As a Dubl iner who has lived some years in this country, I want to say how whole-heartedly I agree with your s tand on the ma in t enance of civil r ights a t all times and in the face of all opposition. T h e Irish con-sti tution is one of the most democratic in the world, guaranteeing to all citizens the r ight to pract ise the religion of their choice, and to belong to the political par ty of their choice.

I a m no admirer of the, in te r -par ty govern-ment , but I welcome its willingness to re-lease Republ icans and give t h e m an oppor-tunity to advance their views in a constitu-tional m a n n e r .

MARY . FRANCIS. * * • I th ink readers should write to the

Bishop of Cork and ask h im to use his (Continued at foot of Next Column)

D E M O C R A T LEADS

On the f r o n t p a g e is a v i r tua l admission of t he u n c h a l l e n g e d l e a d e r s h i p of the " I r i s h D e m o c r a t " in all p rogress ive Irish i ssues .

It r e f e r s to i n t e r e s t in I r ish a f fa i r s , in Gael ic spor ts , l i t e r a t u r e , P a r t i t i o n , the campaign for the release of the prisoners, b u t exp la ins t h e f a c t t h a t in thesa con-t i n u o u s e f fo r t s fo r t h e exiles h e l p has c o m e f r o m t h e l e f t a n d never f r o m the r i g h t , by cal l ing u s c ryp to -Communi s t s . '

Wel l - in formed obse rve r s be i t fve t h a t em-b a r r a s s e d a t t h e pub l i c i ty wh lch t h e Cork i n t i m i d a t i o n s h a v e received, t h e 'S t anda rd i$ t h r o w i n g u p a s a smokesc reen to hide its r e t r e a t on t he m a i n ques t ion , n a m e l y the f r e e exercise of civil r i g h t s , a n assortment of u n p r o v e n a n d I l l-considered allegations.

(Continued f rom Preceding Column) inf luence against a repet i t ion of the scenrs which have taken place in t ha t city. Cork h a s a proud record a n d its priests have a proud record too. I do not th ink you are r i g h t in suggesting t h a t the clergy had anv knowledge of the in t imidat ions which were going pn. I am sure they would unhesitai-lngly condemn them.

MAUREEN MURRAY. ( N O T E — W e made no suggestion t h a t the

clergy in Cork h a d any h a n d in ihc affair .—Editor)

P L E A S E SEND M E THE " I R I SH D E M O C R A T " FOR T W E L V E MONTHS. | enclose P.O. for 4/-

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Address

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Post to Manager, "Irtoh DtrntKnt," <74 G r a r V I n n Road, London, W.C.I

J W O N D E R have you read the a t tack on t h e "Ir ish Democrat" in the "Dublin

S t a n d a r d . " This must be because your paper de fends the interests of the ordinary people, and no t the privileged.

O n a n o t h e r page of t he issue which at-tacks you is an art icle in reply to a Kerry r eade r which says "poverty will never com-pletely disappear." I t also says t he world will a lways abound with poor so tha t the r ich will have an opportunity of relieving t h e m . ,

B u t when the poor claim democracy, and a h a n d in running their own affairs, as in Italy, so a s to relieve themselves, the. "Stan-d a r d " a t t acks them as atheists and ' worse. I wonder how much people who write like th is do themselves to relieve poverty. If they believe in t ha t why do they welcome Irish touris ts going to Franco's Spain, where there is t h e worst poverty in Europe? Whjf do they no t relieve the Spanish people of Franco , who keeps them poor?

PATRICK POWER.

"We take our religion f rom Rome but not our politics." These immortal works of O'ConneLl the liberator, should stick in the minds of all Ir ishmen a t the present Lime.

On page seven of Connolly's "Labour, Nat ional i ty a n d Religion" It is recorded tha t a t a Synod of the church held in 1177 A.D., the .Legate of Pope Alexander I I I "net fo r th

i Henry 's r i gh t to the sovereignity of I re land In v i r tue of the Pope's authori ty, and incul-cated t he necessity of obeying him un<ler pain of excommunication." The authori ty for th is s ta tement is a priest, no less t han Rev. P. J . Carew, Professor of Divinity a t Maynooth , who recorded it in his book "The Ecclesiastical History of I re land."

J a m e s Connolly was the g r e a t e r patr iot I re land ever produced, a n d he it was who brought to light again the fac t tha t the Hierarchy condemned the glorious rising of 1788, and supported the Union. Many of t he priesthood, however, supported the rising and condemned the Union. In 1879 the Bishop of Derry denounced Home Rule.

T h e conclusion tha t we should draw f rom these f ac t s is not tha t we should cease to be Catholics. Connolly was Catholic to his dying day I t to the ooncluMon Connolly came to, namely tha t in a number of occar