The Beauty of Information Visualizationy f f m—— IV Course Spring’14

Graduate Courseof UCASFeb 28th, 2014,

Lei ShiSKLCS ISCASSKLCS, ISCAS

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The Rise of Big DatagData generated: > 3.6 zettabyte (ZB) in 2013, Trend: almost double every two years, 0.16ZB in 2006, 0.99ZB in 2010, 1.8ZB in 2011G t I t t US (Ob ’ bi d t i iti ti Government Investment: US (Obama’s big data initiative, > $200M/year), China (973/863 programs) …Business Company: Google MS IBM Amazon EMC Business Company: Google, MS, IBM, Amazon, EMC, … investing > $15B on information management software

Value for students?

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The Rise of Big Datag

TheData Scientist

TheKing?

DirtyyJob?

Awesome Nerds

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Big Data Challengeg gBig Data 4V: Volume, Variety, Velocity, VALUE!

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Visualization: Efficient/Effective/Exciting Way to Consume DataWay to Consume Data

Data KnowledgeData Mining

Machine Learningetcetc.

Vis ali ation VisualizationVALUE

(Interaction)

Visualization VisualizationVALUE(InfoVis) (Visual Analytics)

User

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Outline

• Big Data BackgroundWhat is Information Visualization (Examples • What is Information Visualization (Examples, Definitions, Family of Research Areas)?

• Purpose of Information Visualization• Purpose of Information Visualization• History and Applications

I f Vi R f M d• InfoVis Reference Mode• InfoVis Systems

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Visualization Examples

AmericanSingle BostonSingleMap ––By

BostonGlobalGlobal

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Can be InformativeUS Cancer Rate Distribution Map

A picture is worth a thousand words: A picture is worth a thousand words:– Estimated worth-of-words:

3056 [number of counties in American] 　(1 [number for cancel rate] (20 if temporal render)+2 [numbers for geography locations] +

4 [numbers for size and shape of each county])= 21000+ numbers

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Can be Historical

Napoleon's disastrous retreat from Moscow, 1812

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Can be Classical Train schedule timetable

– Traditional tabular view

– Marey’s graphical schedule EXPRESS

y g pchart from Paris to Lyon

PRODUCED

EXPRESSTRAIN

2014

PRODUCED1885

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Can Communicate Ideas

The Wordle T-Shirt Word Cloud Generator

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Can Have Fun

http://infosthetics.com/archives/2008/09/funniest_pie_chart_ever.html

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/91884218@N00/3108768440/in/pool-songchart

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p p @ p g

Exercise

Take out pencil and paper: write down the definition p p pof Information Visualization in your mind

Hand your answer sheet to another nearby student, every one can have at most one answer sheet

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What is Information Visualization?Visualize: (1) to form a mental image or vision of; (2) to i i b if t ll iimagine or remember as if actually seeing.Visualization: (1) the action or fact of visualizing; (2) the power or process of forming a mental picture or vision of power or process of forming a mental picture or vision of something not actually present to the sight; (3) a picture thus formed; (4) action or process of rendering visible.thus formed; (4) action or process of rendering visible.

American Heritage dictionary, Concise Oxford dictionary

Information: Items, entities, things which do not have a direct physical correspondencep y pExamples: baseball statistics, stock trends, connections between criminals, car attributes...

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What is Information Visualization?“... finding the artificial memory that best supports our

natural means of perception ''natural means of perception.[Bertin, 1967]

“Transformation of the symbolic into the geometric”[McCormick et al., 1987]

“The use of computer-generated, interactive, visual representations of data to amplify cognition.”representat ons of data to ampl fy cogn t on.

[Card, Mackinlay, & Shneiderman 1999]

“Th d i ti f i f ti i ti l d hi l “The depiction of information using spatial and graphical representations; Bringing information to life, visually.”

[Hearst 2003]

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[Hearst 2003]

Exercise Comeback

Check the answer sheet you have whether the answer Check the answer sheet you have, whether the answer has at least 50% accuracy

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Information Visualization: Families• Graphics: visual presentations on some surface, such as a

ll s s p p t [F th ]wall, canvas, screen, paper, etc. [Father]

• Scientific Visualization: primarily concerned with the visualization of three-dimensional phenomena. [Old Brother]

• Visual Analytics: an outgrowth of the fields of InfoVis and S iVi th t f l ti l i f ilit t d b SciVis that focuses on analytical reasoning facilitated by interactive visual interfaces. [Little Brother]

• User Interface: focus on the design and interaction of the human machine interface [Old Friend and Partner]

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human-machine interface. [Old Friend and Partner]

Purpose of Information Visualization?p• Record Information

– Photographs, blueprints, …

• Present Information (and Communicate)• Present Information (and Communicate)–Process and calculate–Feedback and interactionFeedback and interaction

• Analyze Information by Visual Reasoningy y g– Share and persuade– Collaborate and revise– Emphasize important aspects of data

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Information Visualization HistoryyStarting

fromSciVis = Scientific VisualizationInfoVis = Information Visualization early

1990s

InfoVis = Information VisualizationVA = Visual Analytics

CG(Data Graphics)

Visualization

InformationI f ViHCI

Other C S i

SciVis Technology

VisualDesign

InfoVis

A l ti

VA

Computer Science(CV, CAD, SP)

St ti

AnalyticsMethods

Startingfromlate

Startingfrommid

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1980sm d

2000s

Successful/Unsuccessful Applicationspp• Tableau Software (NASDAQ DATA) F d d i (NASDAQ: DATA): Founded in 2003, $15M VC funding in 2004/2008, IPO in 2013, raise , ,$254M, stock price up 64% in the first day.

• Bin Laden <-> 911 Eventhttp://infosthetics.com/archives/2010/11/wikileaks_us_embassy_cables_the_visualizations.html

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InfoVis Reference Model

Raw Abstract Visual Display

Data Visual Form Task

Data Data Structures (Layers)

Data Transformations Visual M appings View Transformations User Interaction

An alternative model

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How to create visualization?• By hand

PRODUCED1885

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How to create visualization?• By automatic/semi-automatic tool

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How to create visualization?• By open-source visualization toolkits/package

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Online Visualization Examples• ManyEyes for InfoVis beginner and ordinary users

– A random data from CAS website: A random data from CAS website: http://english.cas.cn/ACAS/BI/200908/t20090825_33882.shtml

– Wordle visualization on ManyEyes: http://www-958 ibm com/software/analytics/manyeyes/visualizations/cas intro wordle958.ibm.com/software/analytics/manyeyes/visualizations/cas_intro_wordle

– PhraseNet visualization on ManyEyes: http://www-958.ibm.com/software/analytics/manyeyes/visualizations/cas_intro_phrasenet

• D3 for InfoVis practitioner and researcher– Parallel Coordinates:

http://bl.ocks.org/jasondavies/1341281

G s ti l M– Geospatial Map:http://www.larsko.org/v/cac/

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Questions?Questions?

What’s Next -- Lecture 2: Course Design

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