new workhealth

8/13/2019 New Workhealth

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WorkplaceHazards

Identificationnd voidanceandThe role of ISO

18000/14000


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Why worry about

hazards?

Accidents, or near misses inthe workplace lead to lesseningproductivity:

it costs time and money toretrain a new worker

new workers are not initiallyas productive as moreexperienced workers

goods or equipment can be

lost in the accident, costingthe enterprise $ to replace it

other workers will feel afraidor unhappy to be working ina place which could injureor kill them

-this harms productivity.


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Categories of Hazards

Chemicalhazards

Physical hazards


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Classes of

Chemical Hazards

Compressed gases

Flammable andcombustible materials(gases, aerosols,liquids, solids)

Oxidizing substances

Poisons

Corrosive substances

Dangerously reactivematerials

Biological hazards


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PoisonsDifferent chemicals are harmful in

different amounts. (consumption)

Ethanol (Pure alcohol) 7060 mg/kg

Methanol (Anti-freeze) 5628 mg/kg

Benzene 4894 mg/kg DDT (pesticide) 87 mg/kg

Dioxin 0.02 mg/kg


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Corrosivity

Corrosives are chemicals that will damage ( or burn)skin on contact. Use protective gear: gloves, eye wear,or chemical suit...

Any acid or base near the ends of the pH scale iscorrosive.l


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Safe

Storage

Unsafe Storage


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Pressurized Gases

All gases in containers are under pressure.Ex: a balloon.

They are likely to explode if:

punctured compressed, dropped or dented

heated

Pressurized gas explosions, especially flammableones, (ex: propane, butane or acetylene) arevery dangerous. Car-sized tanks can destroy

towns kilometres away.

Make sure safety measures are in place andworking. Ex: sprinkler systems, emergencyrelease valves...

Some safety measures may not prevent property

damage but will save lives, including that of thesurrounding community (children, elderly...)


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Gas Explosion and fire - Nevada

Bi l i l


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Biological

Hazards Biological hazards come in various

forms. If it originates from an animalor has been near an animal, then it isbiological waste. Ex: animal parts andmanure, hospital waste, city sewage...

Biological hazards contain bacteria or

viruses likely to make people sick. Handle with gloves and other safety

precautions dependant on substance.

Treat before releasing into theenvironment:

(ex: incineration, carbon filtering,distilling, bleaching, settling etcunique to each substance)


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Flammable Substances

Flammable substances are substances that arelikely to quite easily catch fire. Ex: gasoline, dieselfuel, paper...

Keep extinguishers and other fire preventivemeasures ready (sprinkler systems...)

Use the right extinguisher for the right substance.Water wont put out a grease fire.

Class A: Water extinguishers put out wood,paper...

Class B: Gas extinguishers or dry extinguishersput out oil, gas, grease.

Class C: Dry chemical extinguishers put outelectrical fires

Class D: Special/specific extinguisher for such

things as magnesium fires.


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Classes of

Physical Hazards

Temperature (heat, cold and their effects)

Slipping, tripping, falling

Collisions with fixed and falling objects,people, machines

Entrapment (excavations, confinedspaces, machinery)

Asphyxia (lack of air )

Electrocution

Noise


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21/61How hot is HOT


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How Cold is Cold


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Dealing with Temperature

: Ways to prevent damage by heat:

ol the bodys or open doors, windows allowing a breeze to coolbody.

ade

ld fluid, cold drinks

: Ways to prevent damage by cold:at the body

ar warm clothing, especially the torso and head

orkwhen extreme temperatures encountered


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Noise

Hearing can be damaged by noises that are too loud.

Rustling leaves 20 dBRoom in a quiet dwelling at midnight 32

Conversational speech 60

Vacuum cleaner in private residence (at 10 feet) 69

Ringing alarm clock (at 2 feet) 80

Loudly reproduced orchestral music in large room 82

Beginning of hearing damage if prolonged exposure 85

Printing press plant 86

Heavy city traffic 92

Heavy diesel-propelled vehicle (about 25 feet away) 92Air grinder 95

Home lawn mower 98

Turbine condenser 98

150 cubic foot air compressor 100

Banging of steel plate 104

Air hammer 107

Jet airliner (500 feet overhead) 115


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rotective equipment Hearing can be lost gradually or all

at once.

Being exposed to very loud noisesat work for years can lead todeafness.

Hearing is needed to hear thingssuch as emergency alarms orapproaching hazards such as

forklifts or trucks. Loss of hearing results in the loss

of quality of life and therefore lessmotivation in the workplace.


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Recognizing Hazards

Labels and lightsfire / reactivity / health / specific

Container shapesValves and gauges

Protective coverings

Moving partsOdours and colours

Temperature


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Colour Coding of Equipment

Substance Color Water: Fire Protection RedWater: Non Potable (Raw) Black

Water: Potable (Purified) White

Anesthetic or Harmful Material BlueFlammable Material Yellow

Oxidizing Material Green

Physically Dangerous Material Gray

Toxic and Poisonous Material Brown


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Colour

Coding


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Trained employee

Good railings

Monitoring process

Protecting Against


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Protecting Against

Hazards

Label and colour code

Install physical guards

Provide protectiveequipment

Train employees inhandling procedures

Limit use of dangerous materials

where possible

M ki E Pl


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Making an Emergency Plan

Plan for large scale emergencies. (Fires, explosions...) An emergency plan will save lives (of workers and community) and propert

In your plan make sure that:

all emergency exits accessible and known to workers

there is more than one exit

all fire extinguishers, safety valves are in working order workers know how to use safety equipment

all the chemicals you are using are known

emergency staff know how to deal with the chemicals


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A Safe and Happy Worker


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A Safe and Happy Worker

is a Productive Worker!

Studies show greater productivity in aclean, safe environment

Workers are the key to an effectiveproduction process

Worker health is a key indicator of

environmental, social and economicsustainability

ISO is one emerging


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ISO is one emerging

approach

Key to managersmeans to take controland reduce risk

Key to access to foreign marketsIncreasingly needed to get insurance,

bank funding, foreign investment and

joint ventures


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ISO 18000 and trade

Increasingly used as a non-tariff barrieralong with ISO 14000 to stop goods which

are not compliant entering markets likeEurope

Health and environment are considered in

many trade agreements to be the onlyfactors which can be used to discriminateagainst foreign goods


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Why ISO?

International concern over standards Importers want to control product quality and

environmental impacts

Some nations see ISO as apotential trade barrier(green barrier)

Many firms see economic and

market benefit in obtaininginternational certification

A form of risk management

Why Businesses use ISO


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Why Businesses use ISO

9000, 14000 and now 18000

Improve control

Reduce costs

Confirm compliance

Quality control

Show managementcapacity topotential clients

Gain market access

Reduce risk


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History

Past approaches based on regulation andcompliance (needs legislation and

enforcement)ISO approach is proactive. ISO 9001 and

ISO 14001 are model for action to prevent

problemsdone by enterprise orinstitution

British Standards Institute took the lead

to develop OHSAS standards ( ISO 18001)


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ISO Standards

All the 9000/14000/18000 standards are processstandardsthat is an enterprise (state or private)must follow a specific process designed to create

accountabilityand to document it.While the standards expect the enterprise to meet

the actual substantive standards of a jurisdiction,they do not specify these standardseach

jurisdiction is expected to have its ownsuch asamount of toxins in water, noise in workplace, orcontents of required training.


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ISO

Standards Council of Canada, 2000

Key elements: Initial


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Key elements: Initial

Phase

Occupational Safety and Health PolicyWorker participationResponsibility and accountability

Competence building and trainingClear documentation of OSH management systemCommunicationInitial review (aspects and risks)

System planning, development , implementationplan

Note that this is parallel to ISO 14000 or 9000


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Key Elements:


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Key Elements:

Management

Review of performance re OSHInvestigation of work related injuries, ill

health, disease and impact on performance

AuditRegular management reviewPreventative and corrective action

Continual improvement (re-design, changebased on reviews)


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Some Tools for ISO 18000

On site audit and gap analysis relative toOHMS standards and guidelines

Management training in OHMS and linksto overall management

Training in:

DocumentationInternal safety audits

Progress assessments in implementation


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