new zealand electricity market dataset -...

New Zealand electricity market dataset

Matylda Jabłońska

Lappeenranta University of Technology

Lappeenranta, 26.11.2008

New Zealand electricity marketDataset contents

Main data in figures

Agenda

1 New Zealand electricity marketIntroductionSupply grid

2 Dataset contentsCentralised DatasetMeteorological dataHydrological storage and Demand

3 Main data in figuresPrices and price spikesHydrological storageElectricity demandElectricity generationPower offers and bids

Matylda Jabłońska New Zealand electricity market



IntroductionSupply grid

The electricity sector in New Zealand uses mainly renewable energysources such as hydropower, geothermal power and increasingly windenergy. The 70% share of renewable energy sources makes NewZealand one of the most sustainable countries in terms of energygeneration. Electricity demand is also still growing, by an average of2.4% per year since 1974 and 1.7% over 1997 - 2007.





New Zealand suffers from a geographical imbalance betweenelectricity production and consumption. The most substantialelectricity generation (both existing and as remaining potential) islocated on the South Island and to a lesser degree in the centralNorth Island, while the main demand (which is continuing to grow)is in the northern North Island, particularly the Auckland Region.This requires electricity to be transmitted north through a powergrid which is reaching its capacity more often. While initiatives areunderway to build new transmission power lines, there is substantiallocal protest against these initiatives.





The wholesale market for electricity is administered by M-co onbehalf of the market regulator, the Electricity Commission. Themain participants are seven generator/retailers who trade at 244nodes across the transmission grid. The generators offer their plantat grid injection points and retailers bid for electricity offtake at gridexit points. There is a Reconciliation Manager who reconciles allmetered quantities, a Pricing Manager (M-co) who determines theprices at each node, a Clearing and Settlement Manager (M-co) whopays generators for their generation at the market clearing price andinvoices all retailers for their offtake. Prices and quantities aredetermined half-hourly at each node. The transmission system isowned and operated by a state-owned enterprise, Transpower.





DARGAVILLE

MAUNGATAPERE

KAIKOHE

Kensington(NAEPB)

MAUNGATUROTO

WELLSFORD

MANGERESOUTHDOWN

MANGERESOUTHDOWN

MOUNT ROSKILL

MOUNT ROSKILL

ALBANY

ALBANY

SILVERDALE

SILVERDALE

HEPBURN ROAD

HEPBURN ROAD

PAKURANGA

PAKURANGA

PENROSE

PENROSE

HENDERSON

HENDERSON

OTAHUHUA & B

OTAHUHUA & B

TAKANINI

TAKANINI

WIRI

WIRI

BOMBAY

BOMBAY

KOPUGLENBROOK

GLENBROOK

BREAM BAY

MARSDEN

KAITAIA

MATAHINA

MATAHINAMOUNT MAUNGANUI

MOUNT MAUNGANUI

TE MATAI

TE MATAI

WAIKINO

KAWERAU

KAWERAU

EDGECUMBE

EDGECUMBE

TAURANGA

TAURANGA

HINUERA

HINUERA

WAIHOU

ARATIATIAARATIATIA

TARUKENGA

TARUKENGA

OHAKURI

OHAKURIKINLEITH

LICHFIELD

KINLEITH

LICHFIELD

OHAAKI

OHAAKI ATIAMURI

ATIAMURI

WAIRAKEI

POIHIPIWAIRAKEIPOIHIPI

ARAPUNI

ARAPUNI

OWHATA

OWHATA

ROTORUA

ROTORUA

KARAPIRO

KARAPIRO

WHAKAMARU

WHAKAMARU

ONGARUE

HANGATIKI

TAUMARUNUI

MARAETAI

MARAETAI

WAIPAPA

WAIPAPA

TE AWAMUTU

TE AWAMUTU

WESTERN ROAD

WESTERN ROAD

HUNTLY

HUNTLY

CAMBRIDGE

CAMBRIDGE

HAMILTON

HAMILTON

CARRINGTON STREET

HAWERA

WAVERLEY BRUNSWICK

OHAKUNE

TANGIWAI

MATAROA

OPUNAKE

TOKAANUMOTUNUI

HUIRANGI

NATIONAL PARKRANGIPO

NEW PLYMOUTH

STRATFORD

WANGANUI

FERNHILL

WAIPAWA

DANNEVIRKE

MARTON

BUNNYTHORPE

WOODVILLELINTON

WHIRINAKI

WHAKATU

REDCLYFFE

TUAI

GISBORNE

WAIROA

TOKOMARU BAY

WAIOTAHI

TE KAHA

MASTERTON

GREYTOWN

GREYTOWN

UPPER HUTT

UPPER HUTTMELLING

MELLING

GRACEFIELD

GRACEFIELD

MANGAMAIRE

MANGAHAO

HAYWARDS

HAYWARDS

WILTON

WILTON

PARAPARAUMU

PARAPARAUMU

PAUATAHANUI

PAUATAHANUITAKAPU ROADNGAURANGA

TAKAPU ROADOTERANGA BAY

KAIWHARAWHARA

KAIWHARAWHARA

NGAURANGA(TransAlta)

OTERANGA BAY

CENTRAL PARK

CENTRAL PARK

FIGHTING BAY

Meremere

Meremere

South Makara

South Makara

MPE - KTA B

Paekakariki

Judgeford

NormandaleTe Hikowhenua

KOE - MPE A

KEN - MPE A

HEN - MDN A

HEN - MDN A

ALB - HEN A

ALB - HEN A

HEN - MPE A

HEN - MPE A HEN - OTA A

PAK - PEN AOTA - PEN AOTA - PAK A

ARI - PAK A(Underground cable2Km from Pakuranga)

(Underground cableat Kaiwharawhara end)

(Underground cable, 0.4Km section)

MER - TAK A

OTA - WKM C

OTA - WKM BOTA - WKM A

HAM - MER A

ARI - PAK A

ARI - PAK A

ARI - PAK A

HAI - MTM AHAI - MTM B

HAI - MTM A

HAI - MTM B

HAI - MTM B

HAI - TMI A

HAI - TMI A

EDG - TRK A

EDG - TRK A

HAI - TRK A

HAI - TRK A

OKE - TMI A

OKE - TMI A

EDG - KAW B

EDG - KAW B

EDG - WAI AEDG - WAI B

TKH - WAI A

OHK - EDG A

OHK - EDG A

GIS - TOB A

GIS - TUI A

TUI - BPE A

RDF - WHI A

FHL - DEV A

FHL - WDV B

FHL - RDF B

FHL - WDV B

EDG - KAW A

EDG - KAW ATRK - DEV A

ATI - TRK A

ATI - TRK A

ROT - TRK A

ARI - EDG B

ARI - EDG A

OWH DEV. A

TRK - DEV B

HAI - TGA A

HAI - TGA A

ARI - HAM A

ARI - HAM A

ARI - HAM A

ARI - HAM B

ARI - HAM B

ARI - HAM B

HIN - KPO A

ARI - EDG BARI - EDG A

KIN - DEV ALCH - KIN ALCH - KIN B

MTI - WKM B

MTI - WPA A

MTI - WKM A

WRK - WKM A

WRK - WKM A

WRK - WKM A

ARA - WRK A

OKI - WRK AOKI - WRK A OKI - WRK B (33 kV)

OKI - WRK B (33 kV)

WRK - WHI A

WRK - WHI A

TUI - WRA A

FrasertownRDF - TUI A

RDF - WTU A

FHL - WDV A

FHL - RDF A

FHL - WDV A

FHL - WDV AFHL - WDV B

MGM - WDV A

BPE - WDV B

MGM - MST A

MST - UHT AMST - UHT A

MST - UHT A

BPE - WIL A

BPE - WIL A

BPE - HAY BBPE - HAY A

HAY - MLG AHAY - MLG B

HAY - UHT A

OTB - HAY A

KHD - TKR A (33 kV)

KWA - WIL A

CPK - WIL B

OTB - SMK A (11 kV)

CPK - WIL A

GFD - HAY A

BPE - WRK A

MNI - DEV A

BPE - WRK A

RPO - DEV A

TNG - TEE A

BRK - SFD BBRK - SFD A

BRK - BPE A

WRK - WKM A

HIN - KPO A

HIN - KPO A

HAM - DEV A

HAM - DEV A

HAM - WHU A

HAM - WHU A

WHU - WKO A

KPU - WKO A

HLY - DEV A

PEN - ROS A

ALB - SVL A

ALB - SVL A

HEN - MPE A

MDN - MPE A

BRB - DEV A

DAR - MPE A

HEN - MPE A

HEN - MPE A

HEN - HEP A

HEN - MDN A

Huapai

HEN - MDN A

Huapai

HEN - ROS A

HEP - ROS A

OTA - PEN BOTA - PEN C

MNG - ROS A

MNG OTA- A

BOB - OTA A

GLN - DEV A

BOB - MER A

HLY - OTA A

HAM - MER B

HLY - TMN A

HLY - TMN A

HAM - MER B

KPO - TMU A

KPO - TMU A

KAW - DEV A

KAW - MAT APoike

Hairini

Rangitoto

HairiniPoike

Okere

Okere

ARI - ONG A

RTO - HTI A

ARI - ONG B

BPE - ONG A

BPE - ONG A

BPE - WGN B

BPE - MHO A

BPE - HAY A

BPE - WIL A

BPE - WIL A

MHO - PKK B

MHO - PKK BMHO - PKK A

MHO - PKK A

HAY - JFD A

PKK - TKR A

PKK - TKR AHAY - TKR A

TKR - WIL A

BPE - WIL A

THW - DEV A

BPE - MHO B

BPE - HAY B

BPE - WGN B

BPE - ONG A

WGN - SFD A

WGN - SFD A

WGN - SFD A

CST - SFD ANPL - SFD A

OPK - SFD A

BPE - ONG A

SFD - TMN A

CST - HUI AHUI - MNI A

CST - NPL A

NPK - RTR A

WRK - WKM BWRK - WKM B

BPE - WRK A

BPE - WKM ABPE - WKM A

BPE - WKM A

BPE - WKM BBPE - WKM B

BPE - WKM B

HAM - KPO A

HAM - KPO A

HAM - KPO A

HAM - KPO A

ALB - HPI A

ALB - HPI A

DAR - MPE B

Coastline and lakes of New Zealand data: Department of Survey and Land Information Map Licence 1993/83: Crown Copyright ReservedArtwork and electronic production: Toolbox Imaging Limited, Wellington.© Copyright 2002 All rights reserved. Transpower New Zealand Limited.

System as at June 2002Produced by IT&T Information Services

TRANSPOWE R TRANS MISS ION NETWO RK : NO R TH I S LAND

Hydro Power Stations

Thermal Power Stations

***

Planned for complete or partial dismantling.Under Construction.

Transmission Lines

Double Circuit TowersSingle Circuit TowersDouble Circuit PolesSingle Circuit PolesSubmarine Cable

Double Circuit TowersSingle Circuit TowersDouble Circuit PolesSingle Circuit PolesUnderground Cable



350 kVHVDC

220 kVAC

110 kVAC

50/66kV AC

KEYSubstations

This is Construction Voltage.Operating Voltage may be less.

Note:

. . .

OTERANGA BAY

BLENHEIM

FIGHTING BAYSTOKE

MOTUEKACOBB

UPPER TAKAKA

MOTUPIPI

ARGYLE

KIKIWA

MURCHISON

INANGAHUA

WESTPORT

WAIMANGAROA

GREYMOUTH(Westpower) DOBSON

ARAHURA

OTIRA

ARTHUR'S PASS

CASTLE HILL

CASTLE HILL

COLERIDGE

COLERIDGE

KAIKOURA

CULVERDEN

WAIPARA

ASHLEY

ASHLEY

HORORATA

HORORATA

BROMLEY

BROMLEY

TEMUKAALBURY

TIMARU

ASHBURTON

ASHBURTON

TEKAPO A

TEKAPO B

TWIZELOHAU A

OHAU BOHAU C

SOUTHBROOK

SOUTHBROOK

ISLINGTON

ISLINGTON

KAIAPOI

KAIAPOI

PAPANUI

PAPANUI

ADDINGTON

ADDINGTON

SPRINGSTON

SPRINGSTON

KUMARA (Westpower)

WAITAKI

BENMORE

AVIEMORE

MANAPOURI

GORE

SOUTH DUNEDIN

ROXBURGHPALMERSTON

NASEBY

LIVINGSTONE

STUDHOLME

HALFWAY BUSHTHREE MILE HILL

OAMARU

NORTHMAKAREWA

CROMWELL

CLYDE

FRANKTON

BERWICK

TIWAI

EDENDALE

BRYDONE

INVERCARGILL

BALCLUTHA

Bog Roy

INV - MAN A

INV - MAN A

INV - ROX B

ROX - TWZ A

ROX - TWZ A

OHA - TWZ A

ROX - ISL A

AVI - LIV A

AVI - BEN A

BEN - TWZ A

TWZ - DEV A

TKB - DEV A

BEN - BGR A ROX - ISL A

ROX - ISL A

ROX - ISL A

BEN - ISL A

BEN - ISL A

HWB - OAM A

GNY - OAM B

AHA - DOB A

Blackwater

Kawaka

IGH - KIK B

IGH - WMG A

KIK - STK B

BLN - STK A

MPI - UTK A

COB - UTK A

COB - UTK B

STK - UTK B

ISL - KIK B

IGH - WPT B

WMG - WPT A

HOR - ISL E

BEN - HAY A

BEN - HAY A

BEN - HAY A

BEN - HAY A

ISL - KIK A

ISL - KIK A

ISL - DEV A

ISL - PAP AISL - PAP B

ISL - KIK B

ISL - KIK BASY DEV B

COL - BKD D

COL - BKD D

Brackendale

Brackendale

TKA - TIM A

TKA - TIM A

ASH - TIM B

NMA - TMH A

GOR - HWB A

GOR - HWB A

INV - TWI A

MAN - TWI A

MAN - TWI A

GOR - INV A

BDE - DEV A

BAL - DEV A

GOR - HWB A

HWB - SDN A

GOR - ROX A

HWB - ROX A

ROX - TMH A

ROX - ISL A

CML - FKN A

HWB - OAM B

GNY - OAM A

BEN - TWZ A

GNY - TIM A

GNY - TIM A

Glenavy

KUM - KWA A(Leased to Transpower by Westpower)

AHA - OTI A

DOB - BWR A

BWR - IGH A

ISL - KIK A

CUL - KKA A

ISL - KIK B

SBK - WPR A

ASY - DEV AASY - DEV B

KAI - SBK A

SBK - WPR A

ISL - SBK A

HOR - ISL E

BKD - HOR A

ISL -SPN A

ISL - SBK A

ADD - ISL AADD - ISL B

ISL - SPN A

BRY - ISL A

ASY - DEV A

KAI - SBK A

BLN - KIK A BEN - HAY A

KIK - STK A

STK - UTK A

STK - UTK A

IGH - KIK A

IGH - KIK A

COL - OTI A

COL - OTI A

CHH - TWZ A

CHH - TWZ A

COL - OTI A

COL - OTI A

BKD - HOR A

ASH - TIM A

TIM - DEV A

GNY - WTK A

BEN -ISL A

BEN -HAY ABEN - TWZ A

BEN - ISL A

INV - ROX A

GOR - INV A

NMA - TMH A

System as at June 2002Produced by IT&T Information Services

TRANSPOWER TRANSMISS ION NETWORK : SOUTH I S L AN D

Hydro Power Stations

Thermal Power Stations

***

Planned for complete or partial dismantling.Under Construction.

Transmission Lines

Double Circuit TowersSingle Circuit TowersDouble Circuit PolesSingle Circuit PolesSubmarine Cable




350 kVHVDC

220 kVAC

110 kVAC

50/66kV AC

KEYSubstations

This is Construction Voltage.Operating Voltage may be less.

Note:

Coastline and lakes of New Zealand data: Department of Survey and Land Information Map Licence 1993/83: Crown Copyright ReservedArtwork and electronic production: Toolbox Imaging Limited, Wellington.© Copyright 2002 All rights reserved. Transpower New Zealand Limited.

GRY - KUM A(Leased to Transpower by Westpower)




Centralised DatasetMeteorological dataHydrological storage and Demand

Centralised Dataset April 2008 / October 2008

Half-hourly dataMeter dataBids and offersPricesBinding constraints

Hydrology dataNetwork configuration data





Meteorological data(http://www.niwa.co.nz/ncc/data –> CliFlo web access service)

Daily and Hourly Observations (land stations):Combined ObservationsWindPrecipitationTemperature and HumiditySunshine and RadiationWeatherPressureCloudsEvaporation / soil moisture





Additional series available (confidential):

Hydrological storageCentralised demand




Prices and price spikesHydrological storageElectricity demandElectricity generationPower offers and bids





Jan02 Jan03 Jan04 Jan05 Jan06 Jan07 Jan080

100

200

300

400

500

NZ electricity prices in 6 nodes from North Island [$/MWh]

Haywards (NI)Huntly (NI)Otahuhu (NI)Stratford (NI)Tuai (NI)Whakamaru (NI)






100

200

300

400

500

NZ electricity prices in 5 nodes from South Island [$/MWh]

Stoke (SI)Benmore (SI)Halfway Bush (SI)Invercargill (SI)Islington (SI)





100 200 300 400

100

200

300

400

500

(SI) Benmore

(SI)

Hal

fway

Bus

h

100 200 300 400

100

200

300

400

(SI) Benmore

(NI)

Hay

war

ds

100 200 300 400

100

200

300

(SI) Benmore

(NI)

Hun

tly

100 200 300 400

100

200

300

400

500

(SI) Benmore

(SI)

Inve

rcar

gill

100 200 300 400

100

200

300

400

500

(SI) Benmore

(SI)

Islin

gton

100 200 300 400

100

200

300

400

(SI) Benmore

(NI)

Ota

huhu

100 200 300 400

100

200

300

400

500

(SI) Benmore

(SI)

Sto

ke

100 200 300 400

100

200

300

(SI) Benmore

(NI)

Str

atfo

rd

100 200 300 400

100

200

300

(SI) Benmore

(NI)

Tua

i

100 200 300 400

100

200

300

(SI) Benmore

(NI)

Wha

kam

aru

Figure: Price scatter plots.





100 200 300 4000

0.005

0.01

(SI) Benmore

100 200 300 400 5000

0.005

0.01

(SI) Halfway Bush

100 200 300 4000

0.005

0.01

(NI) Haywards

100 200 3000

0.005

0.01

0.015

(NI) Huntly

100 200 300 400 5000

0.005

0.01

(SI) Invercargill

100 200 300 400 5000

0.005

0.01

(SI) Islington

100 200 300 4000

0.005

0.01

0.015

(NI) Otahuhu

100 200 300 400 5000

0.005

0.01

(SI) Stoke

100 200 3000

0.005

0.01

0.015

(NI) Stratford

100 200 3000

0.005

0.01

(NI) Tuai

100 200 3000

0.005

0.01

0.015

(NI) Whakamaru

Figure: Electricity price normalized histograms.






50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

NZ electricity prices in 11 nodes [$/MWh]

Benmore (SI)Halfway Bush (SI)Haywards (NI)Huntly (NI)Invercargill (SI)Islington (SI)Otahuhu (NI)Stoke (SI)Stratford (NI)Tuai (NI)Whakamaru (NI)






100

200

300

400Spikes of electricity prices in 6 nodes from North Island [$/MWh]



100

200

300

400

500

Spikes of electricity prices in 5 nodes from South Island [$/MWh]







100

200

300

400

Spikes of electricity prices in 6 nodes from North Island [$/MWh]



100

200

300

400

500







−4 −2 0 20

1

2

−4 −2 0 20

1

2

−2 0 20

1

2

−2 0 20

1

2

−4 −2 0 20

1

2

−4 −2 0 20

1

2

−2 0 20

1

2

−4 −2 0 20

1

2

−2 0 20

2

−2 0 20

2

−2 0 20

1

2

Figure: Histograms of returns for prices with spikes removed.Matylda Jabłońska New Zealand electricity market





BenmoreHalfway Bush

HaywardsHuntly

InvercargillIslingtonOtahuhu

StokeStratford

TuaiWhakamaru

Spikes of electricity prices in 6 nodes from North Island [$/MWh]







BenmoreHalfway Bush

HaywardsHuntly

InvercargillIslingtonOtahuhu

StokeStratford

TuaiWhakamaru







500 1000 1500 2000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

hydro storage [GWh]





0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400−0.5

0

0.5

1ACF for hydro storage

0 10 20 30 40 50−1

−0.5

0

0.5

1PACF for hydro storage





500 1000 1500 2000

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

Benmore prices and cetralized hydro storage

Benmorehydro storage






50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

NZ electricity prices in 11 nodes [$/MWh]

Benmore (SI)Halfway Bush (SI)Haywards (NI)Huntly (NI)Invercargill (SI)Islington (SI)Otahuhu (NI)Stoke (SI)Stratford (NI)Tuai (NI)Whakamaru (NI)hydro storage





500 1000 1500 2000

−5

0

5

regression model for price returns based on hydro storage

storage diffprice diff predprice diff orig

500 1000 1500 2000

−5

0

5

model residuals





500 1000 1500 2000

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

regression model for price log−returns based on hydro storage

storage diffprice diff predprice diff orig

500 1000 1500 2000

−0.1

0

0.1

model residuals





0 1000 20000

50

100

(SI) Benmore

0 1000 20000

50

100

(SI) Halfway Bush

0 1000 20000

50

100

(NI) Haywards

0 1000 20000

50

100

(NI) Huntly

0 1000 20000

50

100

(SI) Invercargill

0 1000 20000

50

100

(SI) Islington

0 1000 20000

50

100

(NI) Otahuhu

0 1000 20000

50

100

(SI) Stoke

0 1000 20000

50

100

(NI) Stratford

0 1000 20000

50

100

(NI) Tuai

0 1000 20000

50

100

(NI) Whakamaru

Figure: Precipitation in 11 nodesMatylda Jabłońska New Zealand electricity market




500 1000 1500 2000

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

1.1

1.2

1.3

x 105 daily centralized demand [MWh]





0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400−0.5

0

0.5

1ACF for demand

0 10 20 30 40 50−0.5

0

0.5

1PACF for demand






50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450NZ electricity prices in 6 nodes from North Island [$/MWh]

Haywards (NI)Huntly (NI)Otahuhu (NI)Stratford (NI)Tuai (NI)Whakamaru (NI)demad





0 500 1000 1500 2000 25000

1

2

3

4

5

6x 10

7 Power generations from 4 example stations

OtahuhuWhakamaruHuntlyStratford





500 1000 1500 20000

2

4

6

8

10

12

x 104 total NZ electricity generation and demand

generationdemand





0 500 1000 1500 2000 25000

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2x 10

4 Otahuhu power bids and offers

power bidpower offer





0 500 1000 1500 2000 25000

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000Whakamaru power bids and offers

power bidpower offer





0 500 1000 1500 2000 25000

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2x 10

4 Otahuhu generations and offers

generationpower offer





0 500 1000 1500 2000 25000

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000Whakamaru generations and offers

generationpower offer





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