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Page 1: Nexus - 0504 - New Times Magazine
Page 2: Nexus - 0504 - New Times Magazine

JUNE - JULY 1998 NEXUS • 1

N E X U SNEW TIMES MAGAZINE

Volume 5, Number 4 JUNE - JULY 1998

PO Box 30, Mapleton Qld 4560, Australia

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.............................................4

GLOBAL NEWS.............................................................6

A round-up of the news you may have missed.

THE HIDDEN HISTORY OF JESUS—Part 3................13

With Sir Laurence Gardner. The final part in thisseries considers the bloodline descendants of JesusChrist and rise of the Grail courts against thebackdrop of suppression by the Church of Rome.

VACCINE CONTAMINATION: Germ Warfare?.........21

With Dr Leonard Horowitz, interviewed by DrRoger Mazlen. For decades, health authoritieshave known that vaccines contain foreign viralcontaminants, but have done little to remove them.

MAIGALOMANIA! THE MAI AGREEMENT—Part 2........27

By Corporate Europe Observatory. This featureconcludes with analysis of the corporate globalinvestment agenda behind the MAI, and thecitizens' campaigns that are exposing its flaws.

INDUCED REMISSION THERAPY—Part 2..................35

By Dr Sam Chachoua. Applying the "nemesis"theory that for every disease there is an antidiseaseo rganism, this maverick doctor has developedcompounds that can cure AIDS and cancer.

TAMOXIFEN: A MAJOR MEDICAL MISTAKE?...........43

By Sherrill Sellman. The synthetic hormone-likedrug Tamoxifen may be having limited successagainst breast cancer recurrence, but it is alreadyproving to have life-threatening, toxic side-effects.

NEW SCIENCE NEWS.................................................51

Interesting news and views from the underg r o u n dscience network. In this issue, Martin Gottschalldescribes a thermal converter that has excitingpotential for the unlimited recycling of heat energy.

ATLANTIS IN ANTARCTICA?—Part 2.........................55

With Rand Flem-Ath. In concluding his lecture onAntarctica being the lost continent of Atlantis, thisr e s e a rch librarian discusses crustal shifts, GreatFlood legends and the origins of agriculture.

THE TWILIGHT ZONE................................................63

Strange tales from around/within/beyond the world.This issue, we report on the controversy over theMartian landscape anomalies, and the Va t i c a n ' sinterest in the implications of extraterrestrial contact.

THE MYSTERIOUS ORIGINS OF MAN............ ....67

By Michael Cremo. Darwinian dogma has beenchallenged by the discovery of artefacts in ancientrock strata and the suggestion that humans mayhave been on Earth many millions of years ago.

R E V I E W S — B o o k s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3"Hidden Agendas" by John Pilger"Mad Cow USA" by Sheldon Rampton and John Stauber"The Earth's Shifting Axis" by Mac B. Strain"Gods of Eden" by Andrew Collins"Vaccination Roulette" from Australian Vaccination Network"The Second Messiah" by Christopher Knight and Robert Lomas"Can Bacteria Cause Cancer?" by David J. Hess"The Case for The Face" edited by S. McDaniel and M. Rix Paxson"The Keys to the Temple" by David Furlong"Bringing the War Home" by William Thomas"Milk: The Deadly Poison" by Robert Cohen"The Mystery of Easter Island" by Katherine Routledge"The Sirius Mystery" by Robert Temple"Kombucha Tea For Your Health..." by Alick and Mari Bartholomew

R E V I E W S — Vi d e o s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 0"Lethal Medicine" "Vaccination: The Hidden Truth""High Strange New Mexico"

R E V I E W S — A u d i o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1"Emer Kenny" (self-titled)"Café Paradiso" by Steve Erquiaga"The Music of Islam" (compilation)"Chakradancer" by Brainscapes"Stormbird" by Matthew Doyle and Tony Lewis

NEXUS BOOKS, SUBS, ADS & VIDEOS......................97

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NEXUS MAGAZINEVolume 5, Number 4

JUNE - JULY 1998PUBLISHED BY

NEXUS Magazine Pty Ltd, ACN #003 611 434

EDITORDuncan M. Roads

CO-EDITORCatherine Simons

ASSISTANT EDITOR/SUB-EDITORRuth Parnell

EDITORS' ASSISTANTRichard Giles

OFFICE ADMINISTRATORJanine Carmichael

CONTRIBUTORS THIS ISSUESir Laurence Gardner, Kt St Gm, KCD; Leonard G.Horowitz, DMD, MA, MPH; Dr Roger G. Mazlen;Corporate Europe Observatory; Sam Chachoua,

MB, BS; Sherrill Sellman; Martin Gottschall, PhD;Rand Flem-Ath; Michael A. Cremo

LAYOUT & DESIGNDuncan M. Roads

CARTOONSPhil Somerville

COVER GRAPHICJohn Cook, [email protected]

PRINTINGWarwick Daily News, Queensland, Australia

AUSTRALIAN DISTRIBUTIONNewsagents Direct Distribution

HEAD OFFICE - All CorrespondencePO Box 30, Mapleton, Qld 4560, Australia.

Ph: (07) 5442 9280; Fax: (07) 5442 9381E-mail address: [email protected]

Web page: http://www.peg.apc.org/~nexus/

NEW ZEALAND OFFICE - PO Box 226, Russell,Bay of Islands. Ph: +64 (0)9 403 8193;

Fax: +64 (0)9 403 8196; E-mail address: [email protected]

USA OFFICE - PO Box 177, Kempton, IL 60946-0177. Ph: (815) 253 6464; Fax: (815) 253 6454

E-mail address: [email protected]

UK OFFICE - 55 Queens Rd, East Grinstead, WestSussex, RH19 1BG. Ph: +44 (0)1342 322854;

Fax: +44 (0)1342 324574;E-mail address: [email protected]

EUROPE OFFICE - PO Box 372, 8250 AJ Dronten,The Netherlands. Ph: +31 (0)321 380558;

Fax: +31 (0)321 318892;E-mail address: [email protected]

STATEMENT OF PURPOSENEXUS recognises that humanity is undergoing amassive transformation. With this in mind, NEXUSseeks to provide 'hard-to-get' information so as toassist people through these changes. NEXUS is notlinked to any religious, philosophical or politicalideology or organisation.

PERMISSION-TO-REPRODUCE POLICYWhile reproduction and dissemination of the infor-mation in NEXUS is actively encouraged, anyonecaught making a buck out of it, without our expresspermission, will be in trouble when we catch them!

WARRANTY AND INDEMNITY

Advertisers upon and by lodging material with the Publisher for publication or authorising or approving of the publication of any material INDEMNIFY thePublisher and its servants and agents against all liability claims or proceedings whatsoever arising from the publication and without limiting the generality of theforegoing to indemnify each of them in relation to defamation, slander of title, breach of copyright, infringement of trademarks or names of publication titles, unfaircompetition or trade practices, royalties or violation of rights or privacy AND WARRANT that the material complies with all relevant laws and regulations and thatits publication will not give rise to any rights against or liabilities in the Publisher, its servants or agents and in particular that nothing therein is capable of beingmisleading or deceptive or otherwise in breach of the Part V of the Trade Practices Act 1974. All expressions of opinion are published on the basis that they arenot to be regarded as expressing the opinion of the Publisher or its servants or agents. Editorial advice is not specific and readers are advised to seek professionalhelp for individual problems. © NEXUS New Times 1998

EditorialI've not long finished watching two of the videos for review this issue, and

what a shock they were to my system! The video on animal experimentationand the one on vaccinations are so well-presented in terms of educational con-tent that I have little choice but to feel extremely frustrated at the stupidity ofthe whole situation. I'm sure you know the feeling: you want to go out thereand make everyone you know (and everyone you don't know) digest the sameinformation so that we can change 'the system' for the better.

But, simultaneously, you realise the sheer extent of 'the system' that perpetu-ates the myth that animal experiments have any medical value to humans, orthe myth that vaccines and immunisations work at all. We are up against manymultibillion-dollar transnational corporations, plus the 'researchers' and'experts' they employ, plus the government bureaucracies they 'lobby', plus themedia corporations with whom they advertise, plus the often well-meaning butsometimes totally ignorant medical profession, plus the majority of the oftenwell-meaning but sometimes ignorant general public.

I believe the only practical and effective solution is not to 'fight' the 'old' butto concentrate on building the 'new'. Building the 'new' is so much easier,more efficient and stress-free. It is health-improving, emotionally enriching andsoul-satisfying.

Building the 'new' might sound like a 'new age' catch-phrase, but it is reallyvery easy. It starts with taking responsibility for your life, particularly yourhealth (and not just your physical health). By stepping away from the generalherd of the junk-food, junk-information consumer society around you and read-ing about what you are putting on and into your body—this is pretty close tostep number 1. The rest follows naturally.

By living a clean and aware life, you participate with millions of others whohave chosen to do likewise. Unfortunately for most of us, it usually takes someform of 'crisis' before we are sufficiently motivated to change. Thus, I like tobelieve that there is a steadily growing number of people 'waking up' to themany deceptions both foisted upon and perpetuated by modern society.

Now that I've got that off my chest, let's get into this edition of the magazine.You will notice that at long last we have part 2 of Dr Sam Chachoua's article

on Induced Remission Therapy. What we've actually done is run a transcript ofSam's presentation at the 2nd World Congress on Cancer, held in Sydney, withan update on what has happened since. You'll notice that he's having extraor-dinary success with the treatment of AIDS.

Speaking of success with treating AIDS, Basil Wainwright, inventor of thepolyatomic apheresis unit that ozonates the blood, is working in Kenya and hasdocumentation on 52 patients who are now HIV-negative (see Global News).

And while on the subject of oxygen therapies, spare a few thoughts for EdMcCabe who lies rotting in Syracuse County Jail, New York—a political prison-er persecuted by the authorities for spreading information on oxygen therapiesand other similarly 'subversive' subjects. Please phone or e-mail your supportto his volunteer helpers in the USA asap (see Global News this issue).

F i n a l l y, I would like to extend a big thank-you to all readers who send innewspaper and magazine clippings of interest. This is greatly appreciated!One thing, though: if you do take the time to send us something, please makesure you put the newspaper/magazine name and date on the clipping so wecan tell others!

Happy reading!Duncan

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The Medium is the MessengerDear Sir: My grandmother was

a materialisation medium namedHelen Duncan. She was tried in1944 at London's Old Baileyunder an archaic law, "WitchcraftAct, 1735".

During World War II she wassensitive to vibrations comingfrom the water. She knew aboutthe sinking of two British war-ships before the government did.

Sir Dudley Pound, then First SeaLord and Chief, Naval Staff, isreported to have said: "Supposethere is something to what thiswoman and others are? Our wholeintelligence operation could bedefeated. Somehow this womanmust be silenced."

It is reported that AdmiralAndrew Browne Cunningham, incommand of British Forces in theMediterranean, ordered: "HelenDuncan must go to gaol. If youcan't find one, make one up."

Winston Churchill sent a note tothe Home Secretary, stating: "Iwant to know the cost to a nationat war, of a trial in which therecorder has been kept busy withall this tomfoolery, to the detri-ment of necessary work in thecourts." Because of my grand-mother's trial, Winston Churchillchanged the law in 1951 whereas amedium could never be triedunder that law again.

It is now 54 years later and I amsearching for evidence that willclear my grandmother's name. Iam appealing to you and yourreaders to become involved and tohelp me uncover the truth so that Ican exonerate her. I want to cor-rect a terrible injustice done to agreat medium who happens to bemy grandmother.

Sincerely, Margaret Parrington,424 E. 63rd St, Long Beach, CA90805, USA, telephone (562) 4235398; e-mail, [email protected];website, www2.arkansas.net/~spirit/update.htm

Vivisection Research FraudDear Editor: I would like to

applaud your magazine and itsoften fascinating and informativearticles. I do have a beef, howev-er, with some of the medical con-spiracies. Though the drugs/CIAsort of stuff is backed up withmuch documentary evidence, Ifeel the medical stuff is more sub-jective.

My main concern is the methodsof your 'maverick' researchers.They follow the same discreditedroot of vivisection (animalresearch is one of the biggest con-spiracies/frauds of all time). Anyinformation gleaned from such adamaging and inaccurate researchmethod is no loss to the world.

I am not going to bombard youwith the trad animal rights pointsof how the animal and human arecompletely different, and neitherwill I list the thousand thalido-mides we have suffered throughanimal-directed research.

I will just say that these are nomaverick geniuses—they are old-school, pro-status-quo researchers.Forget them.

Love, J.R., ab0u7057@ liver-pool.ac.uk

Silicone Implants ScandalDear NEXUS: I am the acting

co-ordinator of the Breast ImplantResource Service which counselsand assists women who have beenharmed by silicone breast implantsthrough the lies and cover-ups ofchemical corporations and themedical fraternity.

The dangers of silicone used inthe human body have been knownsince before the Second WorldWar, but the damning evidencehas always been buried ordestroyed. Up to the present time,it is still claimed to be safe.

There are millions of womenwho are ill from the effects of sili-cone poisoning, and those, likemyself, who have been mutilatedthrough operations to removeloose silicone from the body.Silicone has been found in thefrontal lobes of the brains ofwomen whose implants ruptured,as well as in the liver, lymphnodes and intestinal tract.

Through our worldwide networkof silicone survivors, we havegathered a mountain of testimonyfrom women who are suffering;from scientists and researcherswho have worked for the chemicalcompanies and have decided tobecome whistle-blowers becauseof the cover-ups; and from doctorswho can no longer remain silentabout the disaster which siliconecauses.

Between 1 January 1985 and 16March 1995, the American Foodand Drug Administration received91,322 adverse-reaction reportsassociated with silicone breast

implants and 19,296 reportsinvolving the saline implants(these have an outer covering ofsilicone). At present, 300,000American men who receivedpenile silicone implants are suingthe manufacturer for injury.

As you may be aware, the majorsilicone breast implant manufac-turer Dow Corning has beenembroiled in a global class-actionwith women who claim that theirimplants caused illness, injury andmutilation and affected theirbreast-fed children. Dow Corninghas always denied liability on anycount and is using any obstructionit can find to avoid paying com-pensation to the women. Even itsown internal memos about thefindings of studies carried out onlaboratory animals—evidencewhich could bury them for alltime—are being ignored by thecourts hearing the appeals and theUnited States Governmentbecause of lobbying done onbehalf of Dow Corning.

We women are determined thatthe truth will be known, and thatsilicone breast implants will betaken off the market forever. Weare doing everything possible tobring this issue to the notice of thepublic and the AustralianGovernment—which is, conve-niently, burying its head in thesand over this issue, no doubt dueto heavy lobbying by the AMA.

The Australian Department ofHealth knows the extent of thedamage through Medicare pay-ments to hospitals where womenhave had revision surgery, timeafter time, to attempt to correct thedisaster.

If you are ever interested indoing a story to expose the gigan-tic mess of silicone, millions ofwomen worldwide would thankyou, and readers would beappalled at yet another giganticcover-up.

Sincerely, Chris Tiley,[email protected]

On the Trail of the Holy Grail Dear Duncan: First of all, I have

to say how much I enjoy NEXUS.I have been reading it for over twoyears. When I read each issue, Ialways think that no other issuecould be better than that one.However, you and your team do itevery time. Thank God there arepeople like you out there who arewilling to take a risk and expose

the truth. Be proud!Moving on, after reading the

article on the Holy Grail inFebruary-March issue [5/02], Ishowed it to a friend of mine. Thefollowing day she produced thebook, which she had run out andpurchased. Since then I have setup a study group, and the fivemembers intend to meet once amonth over dinner to discuss thebook and to visit some of the sitesmentioned in the book.

If I didn't read NEXUS I wouldhave missed this very importantbook. I have seen books on theHoly Grail on the bookshelf andsadly assumed that they were allabout King Arthur. Thanks again,Duncan. (And I thought I waswell-read!)

I would be grateful if you couldlet me know of any other booksthat could help us on our trail. Weare interested in all aspects of theGrail. Thanks, Duncan.

Yours sincerely, Linda Williams,London, UK

Shining Light on the SlimeMr Roads: Thank you ever so

much for publishing NEXUS.Your magazine gives me a tool (atouchstone, rather) to help educatepeople as to what's really happen-ing in today's world.

My wife has studied alternativemedicine, healing, etc. for manyyears, but—like a recent letter youpublished from some whinyBerkeley, CA liberal [Letters,4/03]—had convinced herself thatshe was powerless to do anythingabout CIA, mind control, drugwars, banksters, politicians, etc.Now she sees that lifting a rockand shining a light on the slimycreatures that live there takesaway their power and transfers itto us.

Please continue to publish ongovernment corruption, interna-tional banking, drugs, weapons,lawyers, the Skull & B o n e s ,Bilderberg, Trilats, mind control,social engineering, Col. Bo Gritz,Waco cover-up, etc., etc.

Resister, Arizona desert, USA

No TLC from TNCs Dear Duncan: Received the lat-

est edition of NEXUS [5/03] and Ithought I would write a brief notein appreciation of the first part of"MAIgalomania!".

I recently started to read an

Letters to the Editor ...

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JUNE - JULY 1998 NEXUS • 5

excellent (prophetic?) book, titledGlobal Reach: The Power ofMultinational Corporations , byR.J. Barnet and R.E. Muller. Mycopy was printed in 1975 byJonathan Cape. Let me quote afew extracts from the just over500-page book (without, I hope,breaking copyright):

Page 21: "Corporations that buy,sell and produce abroad do havethe power to affect the lives ofpeople and nations in a mannerthat necessarily challenges the pre-rogatives and responsibilities ofpolitical authority. How can anational government make an eco-nomic plan with any confidence ifa board of directors meeting 5,000miles away can, by altering its pat-tern of purchasing and production,affect in a major way the country'seconomic life?"

Page 23: "The disclosures ofITT's efforts to bring down theAllende government have con-firmed widespread fears that theglobal corporations have too muchpower, but that they abuse thatpower. There is increasing con-cern around the world that theglobal corporations are in a posi-tion to dominate governments, dis-locate national economies, andupset world currency flows.Corporate managers have suchpower to shift capital, develop (orsuppress) technology, and moldpublic moods and appetites thateven the most powerful govern-ments worry about their ability tocontrol them..."

Page 29: "It is beyond disputethat persons and institutions oper-ating in these markets [currencies]have the resources with which togenerate international monetarycrises of the sort that have plaguedmajor central banks in recentyears...[US]$268 billion, all man-aged by private persons and tradedin private markets virtually uncon-trolled by official institutions any-where...more than twice the totalof all international reserves heldby all central banks and interna-tional monetary institutions in theworld..."

When you and I and a certainGeorge Soros are dead a longtime, and researchers look at thecauses of what was then known as"the Asian currency crisis", I won-der how much blame/credit will begiven to him and a few other elitecurrency controllers acting as abattering ram to bring on thecrises—followed by nations being

'rescued' by the World Bank andIMF to pave the way for UStransnationals to buy banks andindustries cheaply, therebyincreasing their hegemony overthe world.

Geoffrey Halton, Winston HillsNSW, Australia

Fighting for Health FreedomsDear Duncan: The full-page

advert on page 84 of the last issue[5/03, Aust. edition], placed by theAustralian Healthcare ConsumersAssociation, says it all. If wedon't get off our apathetic rear-ends and do something now tohelp the AHCA (like joining—they are fighting for us), then wewill get what we deserve: a med-ical/pharmaceutical monopoly.

It appears that the powers-that-be don't just want 95% of profitsarising from the sales of drugs andother pharmaceutical products;they now want all the profits forthe sales of all types of naturalmedications. And as the record ofthe natural remedies industries isinfinitely better than the pharma-ceutical industry as far as adversereactions and fatalities are con-cerned, what is the real reason forthese proposed unfair, ridiculous,draconian regulations? Obviouslythey are not to protect the con-sumer, so we can only assumethey are to protect the interests ofthe pharmaceutical industry—anindustry responsible for thousandsof fatalities every year, to saynothing about further thousandswho are made seriously ill.

The AHCA is fighting for you,the health-conscious person whosimply wants a fair deal and not amonopoly. Let's do it.

Peter O'Dwyer, Salisbury, SouthAustralia

Non–Gulf War SyndromeDear Duncan: We get E l

Español en Australia n e w s p a p e r ,printed weekly in Sydney. Myhusband has a full page from itwhere they say that there weremany soldiers who were vaccinat-ed for anthrax but didn't get sent tothe Gulf War. However, these sol-diers also developed the syn-drome.

We wondered whether you wereaware of this and, if not, wouldyou like the info? It comes fromSE/Berne (Switzerland?) and Iguess SE would be the news

source. If you can't trace it, myhusband could (perhaps) be per-suaded to translate it for you.

Regards, Jo Wall de Gallo,Queensland, Australia

Pyramid's Secret ChambersDear Duncan: I've nearly fin-

ished reading Richard Hoagland'sinteresting book, The Monumentsof Mars (1996 edition).

On page 284 there is a lengthyfootnote, stating inter alia : "InMay 1986 a French archaeologicalteam...made a startling discoverywithin the Great Pyramid: threepreviously unknown 6 x 9 footchambers behind at least nine feetof limestone blocks..." The foot-note goes on to say that the Frenchhave secured permission to drillfour 1 1⁄2-inch holes through thelimestone and insert a high-techcamera into the chambers.

Do you, Duncan, or any of yourreaders know whether the forego-ing ever came to pass? I attach aphotocopy of the relevant pagefrom The Monuments of Mars.

Yours faithfully, Alan Stewart,Port Macquarie, NSW, Australia

(Dear Alan: There is an item inGlobal News this issue which maybe connected, and the new editionof Richard Noone's 5 / 5 / 2 0 0 0 is amust-read! Ed.)

Mysterious Australia ResearchDear Duncan: Since the publica-

tion of my highly successful firstbook, Mysterious Australia, I havereceived many phone calls fromreaders. However, shortly afterthe book was published, my fami-ly and I had to leave the house wehad been renting at Tamworth. Itwas this address which had beenpublished in my book.

We did have the mail redirectedfor some time. However, lettershave continued to flow in to theold address, but not all havereached us because the new tenantno longer redirects them.

So, in future, readers wishing tocontact me can do so by writing toP O Box W285, West TamworthNSW 2340, or phoning me on (02)6762 2357. [International callersneed to add the prefix "61" forAustralia and drop the "0"]

NEXUS readers will be pleasedto know I am currently writing mynext book.

Yours sincerely, Rex Gilroy,West Tamworth, NSW, Australia

Scotland's Second Coming?Dear Editor: I read the first part

of "The Hidden History of Jesus"[5/02] and enjoyed it. It touchedon several topics I have seen com-petently explained by other writ-ers.

I waited eagerly for the secondinstalment because, after a fewenquiries, I could not find a book-store with a copy of Sir LaurenceGardner's book.

After reading the second part inApril-May issue [5/03], I was evenmore keen to obtain a copy of thebook (which I did, by chance, afew days ago). It is a great read,and recommended to anyone whois interested in European historyand the forces behind the scenesshaping and moulding the historyof the modern world, as i t istaught.

It also had my imaginationworking overtime, for as recentlyas a few weeks ago the ScottishParliament re-established its inde-pendence from the ties to theEnglish Parliament. (Does thismean Her Majesty is no longer theQueen of Scotland?)

In the final few pages of hisbook, Gardner mentions that thecurrent Stewart heir apparent pre-sented in Belgium in 1990 anupdated Charter of the RoyalHouse of Stewart (Jesus' blooddescendants), which has been pub -licly legitimated by many of theRoyal Houses of Europe. This,along with the peace initiativerecently brokered with the Irish byTony Blair (NWO), looks moreand more intriguing.

Is Prince Michael JamesAlexander Stewart (the heir appar-ent) a Mason, or part of the NewWorld Order process? Will he thisyear, or next, become the King ofScotland? Will this be promotedas the Second Coming of Christ(i.e., the restoration of the Houseof Stewart, bloodline of Christ)?Will this lead on to the re-estab-lishment of the House of Stewartas the Kings of Jerusalem? Willthis lead to religious pogroms andcrusades against the Catholics andProtestants, with the help of theMuslims?

I am sure that in the next 12months the NWO is going to makeitself more and more visible, asthe dominoes continue to fall intoplace.

John Jay Fischer, [email protected]

... more Letters to the EditorNB: Please keep letters toapprox. 100-150 words in

length. Ed.

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NO ESCAPE FOR MOBILE PHONE USERS

On 28 December 1997, theSonntags Zeitung in Zürich

revealed that Swiss police havebeen tracking vast numbers ofmobile-telephone users with thehelp of the state telephone com-pany, Swisscom, which con-firmed its computers were record-ing billions of movements overmore than the last six months.

With 3,000 base stations acrossthe country, it can track the loca-tion of cellphones to within a fewhundred metres whenever theyare switched on and not just whenusers are having conversations.

In the USA, as of January1998, the Federal Communica-tions Commission (FCC) holdscellular network operators responsible forproviding the location of cellular base sta-tions used for emergency calls by cell-phone users. In 2001, US cellphone opera-tors will have to provide the location with-in 125 metres. (Source: Intelligence, no. 74, 26 January1998)

DUTCH NET PROVIDERS MUSTMAKE NETWORKS TAPPABLE

On 2 April 1998, the Second Chamberof the Dutch Parliament approved a

new Telecommunications Act that includesa chapter intended to force cable operatorsand Internet service providers to maketheir networks tappable by the police andintelligence services.

The first article states: "Providers ofpublic telecommunications networks andpublic telecommunications services shallnot make their telecommunications net-works and telecommunications servicesavailable to users unless they can be wire-tapped." A further paragraph adds that theoperator of the network or the service mustsupply the necessary equipment and bearits full cost.(Source: The New York Times , 14 April1998; news.com story)

EU AND FBI PLAN GLOBALSURVEILLANCE SYSTEM

The European Union, in cooperationwith the FBI, is launching a system of

global surveillance of communications to

combat "serious crime" and protect"national security", but to do thisthey are creating a system whichcan monitor everyone and every-thing. It seems extraordinary, giventhe concern over the Police Bill inthe UK and the "Clipper chip" inthe USA, that there has been nodebate over the creation of a globaltelephone-tapping system initiatedby the EU and the US and support-ed by Australia, Canada, HongKong and Norway.

The Council of the EU and theFBI in Washington, DC, have beencooperating for the past five yearson a plan to introduce a globaltelecommunications tapping sys-tem. The system takes advantage ofthe liberalisation of telecommunica-tions (where private companies are

taking over from national telephone sys-tems) as well as the trend towards replace-ment of land/sea-based telephone lines andmicrowave tower links with new-genera-tion satellite communications technology.(Source: Statewatch, London, UK; e-mail,[email protected])

REMOTE SMART-CARD READER ALERT

On Track Innovations Ltd (OTI), a lead-ing Israeli company developing con-

tactless smart-card technology and applica-tions, has announced the addition of theSCI5000 Eyecon multi-reader to its familyof smart-card readers.

According to an OTI press release, it ispart of a new SCI5000 family of OEMboards for chip-card readers. These boardsare miniature card-readers, about the sizeof a credit card and only 15 mm thick.The antenna used for contactless commu-nication can be either a local unit in thereader or a remote passive antenna, con-nected to the SCI5000 via coaxial cable upto 33 metres (110 feet) in length.

The Eyecon features bi-directional datatransmission to/from the IC card at 106Kbps and higher, and a patented passive'electronics-free' antenna for added securi-ty and easy physical integration. The pas-sive antenna can be mounted in a remotelocation up to 33 metres from the SCIreader/writer. It allows simultaneoustransmission of both power and bi-direc-tional read/write messages to contactlessIC cards. (Source: OTI press release, 25 June 1997)

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... GL BAL NEWS ...LLOYD'S INSURERS PREPARE FOR

'THE BIG ONE'

Lloyd's, the international insurancegiant, has set up a 'millennium' study

group to examine the possible effects ofthe planetary alignment due to occur inMay 2000. The conjunction of planets,which includes Mercury, Venus, Mars,Jupiter and Saturn plus the Sun and theMoon, is predicted to generate a collectivegravitational 'pull' that could instigateearthquakes, tidal waves and volcaniceruptions.

The study group, formed by D. P. Mann,one of the biggest non-maritime syndicatesat Lloyd's, has asked Dr Julian Salt, aninsurance expert specialising in risks posedby natural perils, to examine the possiblethreat for a seminar for Lloyd's directorsand underwriters.(Sources: The Sunday Times , UK, 3 May1998; The Australian, 4 May 1998)

SECRET EXCAVATIONS AT THEGREAT PYRAMID

British researchers claim the "discoveryof the century" has been made at the

Great Pyramid of Giza. The team believesthe Egyptian authorities are carrying outsecret excavations in a tunnel which maylead to three previously unknown cham-bers. They secretly videotaped inside thePyramid the day before the authoritiesclosed it for an eight-month "renovationproject", and consider the Egyptians'action is simply a cover for the excavation.

"It is the discovery of the century," saidSimon Cox, one of the researchers. "Thisfind could solve the greatest mystery of alltime. The scale of it is just amazing. Wehave been told by three independentsources that the tunnel leads to three newchambers. Who knows what is insidethem. It could be treasure troves full ofgold coins or just empty rooms."

Cox, who studied Egyptology at theUniversity College, London, found evi-dence of the tunnel on 1 April during oneof his regular monthly visits to the pyra-mids. With researchers Clive Prince andLynn Picknett, he came across a metalgrille in a wall inside the antechamberleading to the King's Chamber.

"I'd never seen it before," explained MrCox. "The grille was rusty, but the mortarholding it to the wall was new."

Shining their torches inside the 3.6 ft by2.5 ft gap, they saw a tunnel high enoughto stand up in, with two stairs leading

upwards. Electric cables ran along theceiling, indicating that lighting or machin-ery was being used. Though filming isforbidden, the team used a hidden videocamera to record their find.

Sources have since told them that work-ers found the tunnel using sonar equip-ment, and then discovered the three newchambers.

"It is no coincidence the Pyramid hasclosed down now," said Mr Cox. "It givesthem an opportunity to explore these newareas without anyone knowing."

Work on the Great Pyramid is kept low-profile to avoid experts descending fromaround the world and treasure hunters try-ing to steal artefacts.(Source: Daily Mail, UK, 18 April 1998)

UNDERWATER VOLCANOES THEREAL CAUSE OF EL NINO?

More and more scientists are examin-ing the possibility that the changing

weather patterns are more likely the resultof the changing ocean temperatures.

But what is causing the change in oceantemperatures? The "greenhouse effect" iswhat most people will say—but it does notexplain why some parts of some oceansare heating up enormously, and somearen't.

Now, at last, science is starting to con-firm that underwater vulcanism is one ofthe biggest culprits in causing weather pat-tern change.

In late March, a CBS prime-time televi-sion special (hosted by Dan Rather) fea-tured a story on El Niño. Presenting hismost recent findings was scientist DanielWalker, a marine seismologist at theSchool of Ocean and Earth Sciences andTechnology and at the Institute ofGeophysics and Planetology at theUniversity of Hawaii.

After researching the El Niño phenome-non for some time, he concludes that thereal generating force behind El Niño isunderwater vulcanism.(Source: Earth Changes Report, May 1998)

EXTRA CASH FOR FARMERSWHO GO ORGANIC!

Britain's agricultural, environmental andwater experts are so concerned at the

impact of chemical sprays and fertilisersthat they are coming up with schemes tooffer cash and other incentives to farmerswho convert to organic farming practices.

One water company, Wessex Water, hasoffered to pay farmers £16 an acre toswitch to organic farming, in what isbelieved to be the first incentive of its kindfrom the water industry. The companywill be spending £400,000 over the nexttwo years in an attempt to stem theincreasing levels of nitrates which havebeen leaking into the water from neigh-bouring farmland.

On top of this, Agriculture Minister JackCunningham has announced an extra

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... GL BAL NEWS ...£337,000 for organic research and morecash subsidies for farmers converting toorganic farming, in a plan to extend theareas of Britain farmed without sprays orartificial fertilisers.(Sources: The Daily Telegraph, UK, 6 April,1998; Weekly Telegraph, 15-21 April 1998)

AIDS AND CHRONIC ILLNESSESCURED WITH POLYATOMIC

OXYGEN THERAPY

We continue to receive enquiries fromreaders as to whatever happened to

Basil Wainwright, the inventor of thePolyatomic Apheresis Unit. His dialysis-type machine was successfully used toozonate blood and had remarkable resultswith the treatment of AIDS and cancer.

NEXUS readers may recall that Basilwas imprisoned in Florida under trumped-up charges in order to suppress his radicalbut simple ozone therapy treatment.Australian current affairs television pro-grams also willingly put the boot intoBasil's research, opting to overlook his suc-cesses and focus on any controversy theycould find (or create). A researcher from ACurrent Affair admitted to me: "Our briefis to hang Basil Wainwright out to dry."

Despite several attempts on his life inprison, Basil was freed. He was invited toNairobi, Kenya, where after a few years ofconducting treatments and research he hascollected documentation for 52 HIV-posi-tive patients converted to PCR-unde-tectable status, i.e., clinical reversal ofAIDS. During one well-documented 12-

month program, some patients actuallybecame P24-antibody-negative.

Because of these impressive results,Basil Wainwright and research virologist/biologist Alfred Adema have been invitedto speak at the 12th World AIDSConference in Geneva, Switzerland (28June to 3 July 1998).

The research team has been so successfulin reversing not only AIDS but also cancer,malaria and "sleeping sickness", that thePolyatomic Apheresis Research Group hasset up two mobile treatment centres and isnow treating more than 3,000 Kenyans perweek, completely free of charge. Thegroup has also established a division inJohannesburg, South Africa, where poly-atomic apheresis has been used to reverse anumber of lupus conditions.

Copies of the above medical data areavailable to other professional researchentities. Contact Polyatomic ApheresisResearch Ltd, PO Box 15120, Nairobi,Kenya, phone/fax +254 88 4466.

OXYGEN ACTIVIST ED McCABENOW A POLITICAL PRISONER

Ed McCabe, the investigative journalistwho has spent years researching, lec-

turing on and advocating the benefits ofincreased oxygenation in the human body,has been imprisoned on what appear to betotally trumped-up tax charges.

Threatened with a 17-year jail term, plusa US$250,000 fine, Ed has been "told" that"they" don't like what he's doing. Evenmore sinister is the fact that the Feds are

using Internet discussion groups on oxygentherapies to try to gather evidence that Edis "taking advantage of sick people".

Ed has refused to lodge a plea, hasrefused legal counsel and is being heldwithout a hearing. Technically speaking,Ed McCabe is now a political prisoner inSyracuse County Jail in Syracuse, NY.

NEXUS paid for Ed to visit Australia in1992. He brought documentation on sever-al AIDS patients who had gone from HIV-positive to HIV-negative as a result of oxy-gen therapies. All were invited to see anddebate the documents, but the media, themedicos and the AIDS councils were notthe least bit interested. (Incidentally, DrJames Boyce, the doctor who conductedthese successful treatments, was alsoframed and imprisoned for his efforts.)

Awareness and appreciation of the bene-fits of oxygen therapies have increasedenormously around the world, and much ofthis is due to Ed McCabe's tireless andmostly unpaid promotional work. Ed's hec-tic lifestyle has already cost him his familyand house, and has driven him broke. Nowit has cost him his freedom.

A campaign has been set up to press forEdward Joseph McCabe's release. Anyonewho would like to assist is urged to sub-scribe to the oxygen therapies e-mail list,[email protected], or telephone sup-porter Howard Griswald on (302) 875 2653in the USA as soon as possible.

US MASSACRE OF SOMALISCOVERED UP

In 1993, US "peacekeepers" in Somaliamassacred more than 1,000 people,

including civilians and children, in a singleafternoon. While the Western mediafocused on the deaths of 18 US soldiersand showed pictures of a dead pilot beingdragged through the streets of Mogadishu,the fact that hundreds of Somali womenand children were slaughtered was barelymentioned at all.

While researching a book on the USoccupation of Somalia, Mark Bowden fromthe Philadelphia Inquirer interviewed for-mer US soldiers, aid officials and Somaliwitnesses. His findings were published inthe London Observer on 22 March.

Bowden revealed that on 3 October1993, US forces got word that leaders ofGeneral Aideed's group were meeting in ahouse in central Mogadishu. A squad of 40Delta Special Forces soldiers and about 75Rangers plus 17 helicopter gunships

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... GL BAL NEWS ...attacked houses thought to contain theleaders. The operation was n o t a p p r o v e dby UN commanders.

The helicopter gunships began the raidby firing anti-tank missiles into houses inthe immediate vicinity of the target. TheUS troops then stormed the houses, took 24prisoners and attempted to return the fiveor so kilometres to base.

The raid triggered a mass uprising in thearea. At every turn the troops were met byhundreds of angry civilians and armedSomali fighters who shot down twoBlackhawk gunships, killing the 18 UStroops. In their attempts to escape theever-growing crowds, the US forces pan-icked and shot anyone and anything.Eventually the trapped soldiers were res-cued by Malaysian and Pakistani troops.

In one incident, US troops took a wholefamily hostage. When one of them beganto scream, she was shot dead.

In another incident, a Somali hostagewas shot dead when he refused to stoppraying. It was also widely reported thatthe US troops murdered the woundedSomalis and used their bodies as barri-cades.

To this day, the US has never held anypublic investigation or reprimanded any ofits commanders or troops.(Sources: Guardian Weekly , UK, 29 March1998; Green Left Weekly, Aust, 8 April 1998)

SEED GERMINATION ORTERMINATION?

They call it "terminator technology", a"breakthrough" in genetic engineering.

It is the seed that doesn't germinate. Ifadopted, it means that the tradition of sav-ing seeds from one crop for the next sea-son's planting will disappear.

In early March 1998, the US Departmentof Agriculture (USDA) and a Mississippiseed company, the Delta and Pine LandCompany, were granted a patent for a tech-nique that can sterilise the seeds producedby most agricultural crops.

They expect the technology to be adopt-ed by all the major seed companies whichfor many years have been looking for waysto prevent farmers from recycling seedsfrom their crops.

Willard Phelps, a spokesman for theUSDA, predicts the new technique willsoon be so widely adopted that farmers willonly be able to buy seeds that cannot be re-germinated.(Source: New Scientist, 28 March 1998)

THE CANCER RISKS FROM rBGH IN MILK

Two veteran news reporters for Fox TV in Tampa, Florida, have been fired for refus-ing to water-down an investigative report on Monsanto's controversial milk hor-

mone, rBGH (recombinant bovine growth hormone or bovine somatotropin, rBST). Monsanto sells the genetically engineered hormone rBGH to dairy farmers who inject

it into their cows every two weeks to increase milk production. In recent years, evidencehas accumulated indicating that rBGH may promote cancer in humans who drink milkfrom rBGH-treated cows. It is the link between rBGH and cancer that Fox TV triedhardest to remove from the story.

In the fall of 1996, award-winning reporters Steve Wilson and Jane Akre were hiredby WTVT in Tampa to produce a series on rBGH in Florida milk. After more than ayear's work on the rBGH series, and three days before the first broadcast scheduled for24 February 1997, Fox TV executives received the first of two letters from lawyers rep-resenting Monsanto, saying that Monsanto would suffer "enormous damage" if the serieswent to air. WTVT had been advertising the series aggressively, but cancelled it at thelast moment. Monsanto's second letter warned of "dire consequences" for Fox if theseries aired as it stood. (How Monsanto knew the series content remains a mystery.)

According to documents filed in Florida's Circuit Court (13th Circuit), Fox lawyersthen tried to water-down the series, offering to pay the two reporters if they would leavethe station and 'keep mum' about what Fox had done to their work. The reporters refusedFox's offer, and on 2 April 1998 they filed their own lawsuit against WTVT.

Steve Wilson has 26 years' experience as a journalist and has won four Emmy awardsfor his investigative reporting. His wife, Jane Akre, has been a reporter and news anchorfor 20 years and has won a prestigious Associated Press award for her investigativereporting.

The Wilson/Akre lawsuit charges that WTVT violated its licence from the FederalCommunications Commission (FCC) by demanding that the reporters include knownfalsehoods in their rBGH series. The reporters also charge that WTVT violated Florida's'whistle-blower' law. Many of the legal documents in the lawsuit—including Monsanto'sthreatening letters—have been posted on the world wide web at www.foxbghsuit.comfor all to see.

No one will be surprised to learn that powerful corporations can intimidate TV sta-tions into rewriting the news, but this case offers an unusually detailed glimpse of specif-ic intimidation tactics and their effects inside a news organisation.

It has been well documented by Monsanto and others that rBGH-treated cows undergoseveral changes: their lives are shortened, they are more likely to develop mastitis (aninfection of the udder which then requires use of antibiotics which end up in the milkalong with increased pus), and they produce milk containing elevated levels of anotherhormone, IGF-1.

It is IGF-1 that is associated with increased likelihood of human cancers. IGF-1 is anaturally occurring hormone protein that is chemically identical in cows and humans.However, IGF-1 in milk is not destroyed by pasteurisation. Because it is active inhumans and causes cells to divide, any increase in IGF-1 in milk raises obvious ques-tions: will it cause inappropriate cell division and growth leading to growth of tumours?

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved rBGH for use in cows in1993, but the approval process was controversial because former Monsanto employeeswent to work for the FDA, oversaw the approval process, then went back to work forMonsanto. Milk containing rBGH was never properly tested on humans before the FDAallowed it onto the market.

Monsanto is notorious for marketing dangerous products while falsely claiming safety.The entire planet is now contaminated with hormone-disrupting, cancer-causing PCBs(polychlorinated biphenyls), thanks to Monsanto's refusal to be guided by early scientificevidence indicating harm. Critics say rBGH is just one more example of Monsanto'smonumentally poor judgement. When Wilson and Akre asked Monsanto officials torespond to these allegations of past poor judgement, Monsanto had no comment.(Source: Rachel's Environment & Health Weekly , no. 593, 9 April 1998; EnvironmentalResearch Foundation, PO Box 5036, Annapolis, MD 21403, USA. Full citations for thisarticle can be found at Rachel's archive, www.monitor.net/rachel/)

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We know from the Gospel chronology that the Bethany second-marriageanointing of Jesus by Mary Magdalene was in the week before theCrucifixion. And we know that at that stage Mary was three-months preg-nant and therefore should have given birth in the following September.

So, what do the Gospels tell us about events in September AD 33? In fact, the Gospelstell us nothing, but the story is taken up in The Acts of the Apostles which detail forSeptember the event which we have come to know as "the Ascension".

The one thing that the Acts do not do, however, is call the event "the Ascension". Thiswas a name given to the ritual when the Roman Church doctrines were established overthree centuries later. What the text actually says is: "And when he had spoken thesethings...he was taken up, and a cloud received him out of their sight." It then continuesthat "a man in white" said to the disciples: "Why stand ye gazing up into heaven? Thissame Jesus...shall so come in like manner as ye have seen him go." Then, a little later inthe Acts, it says that "heaven" must receive Jesus until "the time of restitution".

Given that this was the very month in which Mary Magdalene's child was due, is thereperhaps some connection between Mary's confinement and the so-called Ascension?There certainly is, and the connection is made by virtue of the time of restitution.

Not only were there rules to govern the marriage ceremony of a Messianic heir, but sotoo were there rules to govern the marriage itself. The rules of dynastic wedlock werequite unlike the Jewish family norm, and Messianic parents were formally separated at thebirth of a child. Even prior to this, intimacy between a dynastic husband and wife wasonly allowed in December, so that births of heirs would always fall in the month ofSeptember—the month of Atonement, the holiest month of the Jewish calendar.

Indeed, it was this very rule which Jesus's own parents (Joseph and Mary) had them-selves broken. And this was the reason why the Jews were split in opinion as to whetherJesus was, in fact, their true Messiah.

When a dynastic child was conceived at the wrong time of year, the mother was gener-ally placed in monastic custody for the birth so as to avoid public embarrassment. Thiswas called being "put away privily", and Matthew states quite plainly that when Mary'spregnancy was discovered, "Joseph, her husband, being a just man and not willing tomake her a public example, was minded to put her away privily".

In this instance, special dispensation for the birth was granted by the archangel Simeonwho at that time held the distinction of "Gabriel", being the angelic priest in charge. Boththe Dead Sea Scrolls and the Book of Enoch (which was excluded from the OldTestament) detail that the "archangels" (or chief ambassadors) were the senior priests atQumran, retaining the traditional titles of "Michael", "Gabriel", "Raphael", "Sariel", etc.

In the case of Jesus and Mary Magdalene, however, the rules of wedlock had beenobeyed to the letter, and their first child was properly conceived in December AD 32, tobe born in September AD 33.

From the moment of a dynastic birth, the parents were physically separated—for sixyears if the child was a boy, and for three years if the child was a girl. Their marriagewould only be recommenced at the designated time of restitution. Meanwhile, the motherand child would enter the equivalent of a convent, and the father would enter "theKingdom of Heaven". This Kingdom of Heaven was actually the Essene High Monasteryat Mird, by the Dead Sea, and the ceremony of entry was conducted by the angelic priestsunder the supervision of the appointed Leader of the Pilgrims.

In the Old Testament book of Exodus, the Israelite pilgrims were led into the Holy

The earlyChristian Churchleaders adoptedscriptures andteachings that

woulddeliberately

obscure the truthabout the royal

bloodline ofJesus.

Part 3

From a lecture presented by

Sir Laurence Gardner, Kt St Gm, KCD

Author of Bloodline of the Holy Grail

at The Ranch, Yelm, Washington, USA

30 April 1997

Transcript © Sir Laurence Gardner 1997-98

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Land by a "cloud"—and in accordance with this continuedExodus imagery, the priestly Leader of the Pilgrims was designat-ed with the title "Cloud".

So, if we now read the Acts verses as they were intended to beunderstood, we see that Jesus was taken up by the Cloud (theLeader of the Pilgrims) to the Kingdom of Heaven (the HighMonastery). And the man in white (an angelic priest) said thatJesus would return at the time of restitution (when his Earthlymarriage was restored).

If we now look at St Paul's Epistle to the Hebrews we discoverthat he explains the said Ascension event in some greater detail,for Paul tells of how Jesus was admitted to the Priesthood ofHeaven when he actually had no entitlement to such a sacredoffice. He explains that Jesus was born (through his fatherJoseph) into the Davidic line of Judah—a line which held theright of kingship but had no right to priesthood, for this was thesole prerogative of the line of Aaron and Levi.

But, says Paul, a special dispensation was granted, and he tellsthat "for the priesthood being changed, there is made of necessitya change also of the law". As a result of this express "change ofthe law", it is explained that Jesuswas enabled to enter the Kingdom ofHeaven in the priestly Order ofMelchizedek.

So, in September AD 33, the firstchild of Jesus and Mary Magdalenewas born, and Jesus duly entered theKingdom of Heaven. There is no ref-erence to this child being a son (asthere is for the two subsequentbirths), and given that Jesus returnedthree years later, in AD 36, we knowthat Mary must have had a daughter.

By following the chronology of theActs, we see that in September AD37 a second child was born; and thenanother in AD 44. The period between these two births to the sec-ond restitution in AD 43 was "six years", which denotes that theAD 37 child was a son. This fact is also conveyed by the use ofcryptic wording—the same cryptic wording afforded to the AD 44child—so we know that this third child was also a son.

In accordance with the scribal codes detailed in the Dead SeaScrolls, everything cryptic within the New Testament is set upbeforehand by some other entry which explains that the inherentmessage is "for those with ears to hear". Once these codes andallegories are understood, they never ever vary. They mean thesame thing every time they are used, and they are used every timethat same meaning is required.

For example, the Gospels explain that Jesus was called "theWord of God": "And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt amongus...full of grace and truth." John goes to great lengths to explainthe relevance of this definition, and subsequent entries give detailssuch as "the Word of God stood by the lake" and "the Word ofGod was in Samaria".

Messages conveying information about fertility and new life areestablished in the Parable of the Sower whose seed "bore fruit andincreased". Thus, when it is said that "the Word of Godincreased", "those with ears to hear" would recognise at once that"Jesus increased"—that is to say, he had a son. There are twosuch entries in the Acts, and they fall precisely on cue in AD 37and AD 44.

Probably the most misrepresented book of the New Testamentis The Book of The Revelation of St John the Divine—misrepre-

sented by the Church, that is; not by the book itself. This book isquite unlike any other in the Bible. It is dubbed with terriblesupernatural overtones, and its straightforward imagery has beensavagely corrupted by the Church to present the text as some formof foreboding or prophecy of warning! But the book is not called"The Prophecy" or "The Warning". It is called "The Revelation".

So, what does the book reveal? Chronologically, its story fol-lows The Acts of the Apostles, and the Book of The Revelation is,in fact, the continuing story of Jesus, Mary Magdalene and theirsons, particularly the elder son, Jesus Justus. It follows his lifeand details his marriage, along with the birth of his own son. Thismuch-misunderstood New Testament book is not a foreboding ora warning as the fearful Church would have us believe. It is pre-cisely what it says it is: a revelation.

As we saw earlier, ordained priests of the era were called"fishers"; their helpers were called "fishermen", and bap-tismal candidates were called "fishes". Jesus became an

ordained fisher when he entered the Kingdom of Heaven, but untilthat time (as explained by St Paul) he held no priestly office.

In the rite of ordination, the officiat-ing Levite priests of the Sanctuarywould administer five loaves ofbread and two fishes to the candi-dates, but the law was very firm inthat such candidates had to be cir-cumcised Jews. Gentiles and uncir-cumcised Samaritans were on noaccount afforded any such privilege.

Indeed, it was this particular minis-terial ritual which Jesus had floutedat the so-called "feeding of the five-thousand", because he presumed theright to grant access to his own newliberal ministry by offering theloaves and fishes to an unsanctified

gathering. Apart from eventually becoming a fisher, Jesus wasalso referred to as "the Christ"—a Greek definition which meant"the King". In saying the name "Jesus Christ", we are actuallysaying "King Jesus", and his kingly heritage was of the RoyalHouse of Judah (the House of David), as mentioned numeroustimes in the Gospels and in the Epistles of St Paul.

From AD 33, therefore, Jesus emerged with the dual status of a"Priest Christ" or, as is more commonly cited, a "Fisher King".This definition, as we shall see, was to become an hereditary anddynastic office of Jesus' heirs, and the succeeding "Fisher Kings"were paramount in the history of the Grail bloodline.

Prior to the birth of her second son in AD 44, MaryMagdalene was exiled from Judaea following a politicaluprising in which she was implicated. Along with Philip,

Lazarus and a few retainers, she travelled (by arrangement withKing Herod-Agrippa II) to live at the Herodian estate near Lyon,in Gaul (which later became France).

From the earliest times, through the mediaeval era, to the greatRenaissance, Mary's flight was portrayed in illuminated manu-scripts and great artworks alike. Her life and work in France,especially in Provence and the Languedoc, appeared not only inworks of European history but also in the Roman Church litur-gy—until her story was suppressed by the Vatican.

Mary Magdalene's exile is told in The Book of The Revelationwhich describes that she was pregnant at the time. It tells also ofhow the Roman authorities subsequently persecuted Mary, her

14 • NEXUS JUNE - JULY 1998

Prior to the birth of her secondson in AD 44, Mary Magdalene

was exiled from Judaea followinga political uprising in which

she was implicated.

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son and his heirs: "And she, being with child, cried...and painedto be delivered...and behold, a great red dragon, having sevenheads...and seven crowns...stood before the woman...for to devourher child... And she brought forth a man-child...and the womanfled into the wilderness... And the dragon was wroth with thewoman, and went to make war forever with the remnant of herseed...which...have the testimony of Jesus Christ."

It was to Gaul that Mary was said to have carried the Sangréal(the Blood Royal, the Holy Grail); and it was in Gaul that thefamous line of Jesus and Mary's immediate descendant heirs, theFisher Kings, flourished for 300 years.

The eternal motto of the Fisher Kings was "In Strength"—inspired by the name of their ancestor, Boaz (the great-grandfa-ther of King David), whose name similarly meant "In Strength".When translated into Latin, this became "InFortis", which was subsequently corruptedto "Anfortas", the name of the Fisher Kingin Grail romance.

We can now return to the Grail's tradi-tional symbolism as a chalice containingthe blood of Jesus. We can also considergraphic designs dating back well beyond theDark Ages to about 3,500 BC. And indoing this, we discover that a chalice or acup was the longest-standing symbol of thefemale. Its representation was that of theSacred Vessel—the vas uterus, the womb.

And so, when fleeing into France, MaryMagdalene carried the Sangréal in theSacred Chalice of her womb—just asthe Book of The Revelation explains.And the name of this second son wasJoseph.

The equivalent traditional symbol ofthe male was a blade or a horn, usuallyrepresented by a sword or a unicorn.In the Old Testament's Song ofSolomon and in the Psalms of David,the fertile unicorn is associated withthe kingly line of Judah; and it was forthis very reason that the Cathars ofProvence used the mystical beast tosymbolise the Grail bloodline.

Mary Magdalene died in Provence in AD 63. In that very year,Joseph of Arimathea built the famous chapel at Glastonbury inEngland as a memorial to the Messianic Queen. This was the first'above-ground' Christian church in the world, and in the followingyear Mary's son Jesus Justus dedicated it to his mother. Jesus theYounger had in fact been to England with Joseph before, at theage of twelve, in AD 49. It was this event which inspired WilliamBlake's famous song, Jerusalem: "And did those feet in ancienttime, walk upon England's mountains green."

But who was Joseph of Arimathea, the man who assumedfull control of affairs at the Crucifixion? And why was itthat Jesus' mother, his wife and the rest of the family

accepted Joseph's intervention without question?As late as the year 900, the Church of Rome decided to

announce that Joseph of Arimathea was the uncle of Jesus' motherMary. And from that time, portrayals of Joseph have shown himas being rather elderly at the Crucifixion, when Mother Mary washerself in her fifties. Prior to the Roman announcement, however,the historical records of Joseph depicted a much younger man.

He was recorded to have died at the age of 80 on 27 July AD 82,and thus would have been aged 32 at the time of the Crucifixion.

In fact, Joseph of Arimathea was none other than Jesus Christ'sown brother, James, and his title had nothing whatever to with aplace name. Arimathea never existed. It therefore comes as nosurprise that Joseph negotiated with Pilate to place Jesus in hisown family tomb.

The hereditary "Arimathea" title was an English corruption ofthe Graeco-Hebrew style ha-Rama-Theo, meaning "of the DivineHighness", or "of the Royal Highness" as we'd define it today.Since Jesus was the senior Messianic heir—the Christ, Khristos orKing—then his younger brother was the Crown Prince—theRoyal Highness, R a m a - T h e o. In the Nazarene hierarchy, theCrown Prince always held the patriarchal title of "Joseph"—just

as Jesus was a titular "David" and his wifewas a "Mary".

In the early fifth century, Jesus and Mary'sdescendent Fisher Kings became unitedby marriage to the Sicambrian Franks, and

from them emerged a whole new 'reigning'dynasty. They were the noted MerovingianKings who founded the French monarchy andintroduced the well-known f l e u r - d e - l y s ( t h eancient Jewish symbol of circumcision) as theroyal emblem of France.

From the Merovingian succession, anotherstrain of the family established a wholly inde-

pendent Jewish kingdom in southernFrance: the Kingdom of Septi-mania,which we now know as the Languedoc.And the early princes of Toulouse,Aquitaine and Provence were alldescended in the Messianic bloodline ofthe Holy Grail. Septimania was grantedto the Royal House of David in 768, andPrince Bernard of Septimania later mar-ried a daughter of EmperorCharlemagne.

Also from the Fisher Kings cameanother important parallel line of suc-cession in Gaul. Whereas theMerovingian Kings continued the patri-

monial 'male' heritage of Jesus, this other line perpetuated thematriarchal heritage of Mary Magdalene in a 'female' line. Theywere the dynastic Queens of Avallon in Burgundy, the House delAcqs—meaning "of the waters", a style granted to MaryMagdalene in the early days when she voyaged on the sea toProvence.

Those familiar with Arthurian and Grail lore will by now haverecognised the ultimate significance of this Messianic family ofthe Fisher Kings, the Queens of Avallon and the House del Acqs(corrupted in Arthurian romance to "du Lac").

The descendant heirs of Jesus posed an enormous threat to theRoman High Church because they were the dynastic leaders of thetrue Nazarene Church. In real terms, the Roman Church shouldnever have existed at all, for it was no more than a 'hybrid' move-ment comprised of various pagan doctrines attached to a funda-mentally Jewish base.

Jesus was born in 7 BC and his birthday was on the equivalentof 1 March, with an 'official' royal birthday on 15 September tocomply with dynastic regulation. But, when establishing theRoman High Church in the fourth century, Emperor Constantine

The descendant heirs of Jesus posedan enormous threatto the Roman High

Church because they were the

dynastic leaders ofthe true Nazarene

Church.

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ignored both of these dates and supplemented 25 December as thenew Christ's Mass Day—to coincide with the pagan Sun Festival.

Later, at the Synod of Whitby in 664, the bishops expropriatedthe Celtic festival of Easter (Eostre), the Goddess of Spring andFertility, and attached a wholly new Christian significance. In sodoing, they changed the date of the Celtic festival to sever its tra-ditional association with the Jewish Passover.

Christianity, as we know it, has evolved as a 'composite reli-gion' quite unlike any other. If Jesus was its living cata-lyst, then Christianity should rightly be based on the teach-

ings of Jesus himself—the moral and socialcodes of a fair-minded, tolerant ministry,with the people as its benefactors.

But orthodox Christianity is not based onthe teachings of Jesus: it is based on theteachings of the Roman Church, which areentirely different. There are a number ofreasons for this, the foremost of which isthat Jesus was deliberately sidestepped infavour of the alternative teachings of Peterand Paul—teachings which were thoroughlydenounced by the Nazarene Church of Jesusand his brother James.

Only by removing Jesus from the front-line could the Popes and cardinals reignsupreme. When formally institutingChristianity as the state religion of Rome,Constantine declared that "he alone"was the true "Saviour Messiah", notJesus! As for the Bishops of Rome(the Popes), they were granted anapostolic descent from St Peter—not alegitimate Desposynic descent fromJesus and his brothers, as was retainedwithin the Nazarene Church.

The only way for the Roman HighChurch to restrain the heirs of MaryMagdalene was to discredit Mary her-self and to deny her bridal relationshipwith Jesus. But what of Jesus' brotherJames? He, too, had heirs, as did theirother brothers, Simon, Joses and Jude.The Church could not escape the Gospels which state that Jesuswas the Blessed Mother Mary's "first-born son", and so Mary'sown motherhood also had to be repressed.

As a result, the Church portrayed Mother Mary as a virgin, andMary Magdalene as a whore—neither of which description wasmentioned in any original Gospel. Then, just to cement MotherMary's position outside the natural domain, her own mother,Anna, was eventually said to have borne her by way of"Immaculate Conception"!

Over the course of time, these contrived doctrines have hadwidespread effect. But, in the early days, it took rather more tocement the ideas because the original women of the Nazarenemission had a significant following in the Celtic Church—womensuch as Mary Magdalene, Martha, Mary Jacob-Cleophas andHelena-Salome who had run schools and social missions through-out the Mediterranean world. These women had all been disciplesof Jesus, and close friends of his mother, Mary, accompanying herto the Crucifixion, as confirmed in the Gospels.

The Church's only salvation was to deny women altogether; todeny them not only rights to ecclesiastical office, but to deny

them rights to any status in society. Hence, the Church declaredthat women were all heretics and sorceresses!

In this, the bishops were aided by the words of Peter and Paul,and on the basis of their teachings the Roman High Church wasenabled to become wholly sexist. In his Epistle to Timothy, Paulwrote: "I suffer not a woman to teach, nor to usurp any authorityover the man, but to be in silence." In the Gospel of Philip, Peteris even quoted as saying that "Women are not worthy of life".The bishops even quoted the words of Genesis, wherein Godspoke to Eve about Adam, saying "He shall rule over thee".

The Church Father Tertullian summed up the whole Romanattitude when writing about the emergent dis-ciples of Mary Magdalene: "These hereticalwoman! How dare they! They are brazenenough to teach, to engage in argument, tobaptise... It is not permitted for a woman tospeak in church...nor to claim...a share in anymasculine function—least of all in priestlyoffice."

Then, to cap it all , came the RomanChurch's most amazing document, T h eApostolic Order. This was compiled as an'imaginary' conversation between the apostlesafter the Last Supper. Contrary to theGospels, it supposed that Mary Magdalenehad been present at the Supper, and it wasagreed that the reason why Jesus had notpassed any wine to Mary at the table was

because he had seen her laughing! On the basis of this extraordinary, fic-

titious document, the bishops ruled that,even though Mary might have been acompanion of Jesus, women were not tobe afforded any place within the Churchbecause they were not serious! Thissexist attitude has persisted within theChurch to the present day. Why?Because Mary Magdalene had to be dis-credited and removed from the reckon-ing so that her heirs could be ignored.But things are now changing, and, in theAnglican Church at least, women arebeing restored to the priestly station.

Notwithstanding the avid sexist movement, the Messianicheirs retained their social positions outside the RomanChurch establishment. They progressed their own

Nazarene and Celtic Church movements and founded Desposynickingdoms in Britain and Europe. They were a constant threat tothe Roman High Church and to the figurehead monarchs and gov-ernments empowered by that Church. They were the very reasonfor the implementation of the brutal Inquisition because theyupheld a moral and social code which was contrary to HighChurch requirement.

This was especially apparent during the Age of Chivalry, whichembraced a respect for womanhood, as exemplified by theKnights Templars whose constitutional oath supported a venera-tion of "the Grail Mother", Queen Mary Magdalene.

Prior to the Middle Ages, the individual stories of this familywere historically well-known. But when the Church began itsreign of fanatical persecution (the great Inquisition), the wholeNazarene and Desposynic heritage was forced underground.

But why the vengeful onset of the Inquisition? Because the

Only by removingJesus from the

frontline could thePopes and cardinals

reign supreme. Whenformally institutingChristianity as thestate religion of

Rome, Constantinedeclared that "he

alone" was the true"Saviour Messiah",

not Jesus!

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JUNE - JULY 1998 NEXUS • 17

Knights Templars had not only returned from the Holy Land withdocuments that undermined the Church's teachings, but they alsoestablished their own Cistercian churches in opposition to Rome.These were not just any churches; they were the greatest religiousmonuments ever to grace the skylines of the western world: theNotre Dame cathedrals of France.

Despite their present-day image, these impressive Gothic cathe-drals had nothing whatever to do with the established ChristianChurch. They were funded and built by the Knights Templars,and they were dedicated to Mary Magdalene—Notre Dame, OurLady—whom they called "the Grail of the world".

This, of course, defeated every dogma that the High Church hadencouraged, and the bishops retaliated by re-dedicating numerousother churches to Mary, the mother of Jesus.But, in so doing, they made a strict decreethat all artistic portrayals of Mother Mary,the Madonna, must henceforth show herdressed in "blue and white only"—so as notto grant her any rights to ecclesiasticaloffice in the male-only priesthood.

Mary Magdalene, on the other hand, wasbeing portrayed (by the world's greatestartists) wearing the red mantle of cardinalstatus or the black robe of a Nazarite HighPriestess—and there was nothing theChurch could do about it. The bishops' onlyoption was to proclaim the practice sinfuland heretical—because, in having previous-ly elected to ignore Mary Magdalene andher heirs, she was outside their juris-diction.

It was at that time that Grail lore wasitself denounced as a heresy by theVatican. The sixth-century writings ofMerlin were expressly banned by theEcumenical Council, and the originalNazarene Church of Jesus became an"underground stream", aided by suchnotable sponsors as Leonardo da Vinciand Sandro Botticelli.

In those days, the Church policedand controlled most literature in thepublic domain; and so, in order toavoid outright censorship, the Grailtradition became allegorical and its message was communicatedby way of secret watermarks, esoteric writings, Tarot cards andsymbolic artwork.

But why should Grail lore and the writings of Merlin haveposed such a problem for the High Church? Because, within thecontext of their adventurous texts, they told the descendant storyof the Grail bloodline—a bloodline which had been ousted fromits dynastic position by the Popes and Bishops of Rome who hadelected to reign supreme by way of a contrived "apostolic succes-sion".

This apostolic succession was said to have been handed downfrom the first bishop, St Peter (and, indeed, this is still the promot-ed view). But one only has to study the Church's own ApostolicConstitutions to discover that this is simply not true. Peter wasnever a Bishop of Rome—nor of anywhere else, for that matter!

The Vatican's C o n s t i t u t i o n s record that the first Bishop ofRome was Prince Linus of Britain, the son of Caractacus thePendragon. He was installed by St Paul in AD 58, during Peter'sown lifetime.

From the 1100s, the powerful Knights Templars and theircathedrals posed an enormous threat to the 'male-only'Church by bringing the heritage of Jesus and Mary

Magdalene to the fore in the public domain.The cardinals knew that their whole establishment would tum-

ble if the Messianic descendants gained the upper hand. They hadto be crushed! And so the brutal Inquisition was implemented—ahideous persecution of all who dissented from the rule of the bish-ops.

It all began in 1208, when Pope Innocent III sent 30,000 sol-diers into the Languedoc region of southern France. This was thehome of the Cathars ("the Pure Ones") who were said to be theguardians of a great and sacred treasure—a mysterious secret

which could overturn orthodox Christianity.The Pope's so-called Albigensian Crusadelasted for 36 years—during which time, tensof thousands of innocent people were slaugh-tered—but the treasure was never found.

The main thrust of the Inquisition (or"Holy Office") was instituted by PopeGregory IX during the course of this mas-sacre, in 1231, and it was set against anyonewho supported "the Grail heresy". By 1252,the torture of victims was formally autho-rised, along with execution by burning.

"Heresy" was a wonderful charge to levelagainst captives, because only the Churchcould define it. The victims were tortureduntil they confessed, and having confessed

they were executed. If they did not con-fess, then the torture continued untilthey died anyway. One recorded formof torture was to spread the victim, littleby little, with fat (beginning with hisfeet), and then to roast him alive in sec-tions, limb by limb, over an open fire.

These savage persecutions and pun-ishments were openly waged for morethan 400 years, and were also extendedagainst Jews, Muslims and Protestantdissenters. But the Inquisition wasnever formally terminated. As recentlyas 1965 it was renamed "the SacredCongregation", and its powers are theo-

retically still in force today.Undaunted by the Inquisition, the Nazarene movement pursued

its own course, and the story of the bloodline was perpetuated inliterature such as the Grand Saint Grail and the High History ofthe Holy Grail. These writings were largely sponsored by theGrail courts of France (the courts of Champagne, Anjou and oth-ers), and also by the Knights Templars and the Desposyni; and, atthat stage, Arthurian Romance became a popular vehicle for theGrail tradition.

In the light of this, the Templars became a specific target of theInquisition in 1307 when the henchmen of Pope Clement V andKing Philip IV of France were set in their direction. The papalarmies scoured Europe for the Templar documents and treasure—but, like the Cathar inheritance, nothing was found. However,many Knights were tortured and executed in the process, and theircompanions escaped to countries outside the papal domain.

But the Templar hoard was not lost, and while the Vaticanemissaries were searching, the treasure and documents werelocked away in the Chapter House Treasury vaults of Paris. They

The sixth-century writings of Merlin wereexpressly banned by the

Ecumenical Council, and the original

Nazarene Church of Jesus became an

"underground stream",aided by such

notable sponsors as Leonardo da Vinci and

Sandro Botticelli.

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18 • NEXUS JUNE - JULY 1998

were under the protection of the Templar Grand Knights of StAnthony—"the Guardian Princes of the Royal Secret"—wholoaded the hoard one night onto 18 galleys of the Templar fleet atLa Rochelle.

By daybreak, the fleet had sailed for Scotland, and on arrivalthey were welcomed by King Robert the Bruce who, along withthe whole Scottish nation, had been excommunicated by the Popefor challenging the Catholic King Edward of England. InScotland, the Templars and their treasure remained, and theKnights fought with Bruce at Bannockburn in 1314 to regainScotland's independence from Plantagenet England.

Subsequent to the Battle of Bannockburn, Bruce and the StAnthony Templars founded the new Order of the Elder Brothersof the Rosy Cross in 1317—from which time the Kings of Scotsbecame hereditary Grand Masters, with each successive StewartKing holding the honoured Grand Priory title of "Prince SaintGermain".

So, why was it that King Arthur, a Celticcommander of the sixth century, was soimportant to the Knights Templars and

the Grail courts of Europe? Quite simply,because Arthur had been unique, with a 'dual'heritage in the Messianic line.

King Arthur was by no means mythical, asmany have supposed. Far from it. But hehas generally been looked for in the wrongplaces. Researchers, misguided by the fic-tional locations of the romances, havesearched in vain through the chronicles ofBrittany, Wales and the west of England.But the details of Arthur are to be found inthe Scots' and Irish annals. He was indeed"the High King of the Celtic Isle", andhe was the sovereign commander of theBritish troops in the late sixth century.

Arthur was born in 559, and he diedin batt le in 603. His mother wasYgerna del Acqs, the daughter of QueenViviane of Avallon, in descent fromJesus and Mary Magdalene. His fatherwas High King Aedàn of Dalriada (theWestern Highlands of Scotland, nowcalled Argyll)—and Aedàn was theBritish Pendragon ("Head Dragon" or"King of Kings") in descent from Jesus'brother James. It is for this reason thatthe stories of Arthur and Joseph ofArimathea are so closely entwined in the Grail romances.

Indeed, the coronation records of Scotland's King KennethMacAlpin (a descendant of Aedàn the Pendragon) specificallyrefer to his own descent from the dynastic Queens of Avallon.

King Aedàn's paternal legacy emerged through the most ancientHouse of Camulot (England's Royal Court of Colchester) in a linefrom the first Pendragon, King Cymbeline (who is well-known tostudents of Shakespeare).

By that time, Messianic descendants had founded Desposynickingdoms in Wales and across the Strathclyde and Cambrianregions of Britain. Arthur's father, King Aedàn of Scots, was thefirst British monarch to be installed by priestly ordination, whenhe was crowned and anointed by Saint Columba of the CelticChurch in 574. This, of course, infuriated the Roman Churchbishops because they claimed the sole right to appoint kings who

were supposed to be crowned by the Pope!As a direct result of this coronation, Saint Augustine was even-

tually sent from Rome in 597 to dismantle the Celtic Church. Heproclaimed himself Archbishop of Canterbury three years later,but his overall mission failed and the Nazarene tradition persistedin Scotland, Ireland and Wales and across the breadth of northernEngland.

An important fact to remember is that the Grail dynasts werenever territorial governors of lands. Like Jesus himself, they weredesignated "Guardians" of the people. The Merovingians of Gaul,for example, were Kings of the Franks—never Kings of France.King Aedàn, Robert the Bruce and their Stewart successors wereKings of the Scots—never Kings of Scotland.

It was this implicitly 'social' concept which the High Churchfound so difficult to overcome, for the bishops preferred to havedominion over 'territorial kings', while the people's senior lord andmaster was supposed to be the Pope. Only by maintaining ulti-

mate spiritual control over individuals couldthe Church reign supreme, and so whenevera Grail dynast came to the fore he was metby the wrath of the papal machine.

In 751 the bishops managed to depose theMerovingian succession in Gaul, and theyestablished a new tradition whereby kings ofthe Carolingian succession (that ofCharlemagne) had to be approved andcrowned by the Pope. But the Church couldnever topple the Desposynic lines inScotland, even though the old Celtic king-doms of England had been dismantled byGermanic Anglo-Saxons from the sixth cen-tury.

Even into the Middle Ages—long afterthe Norman Conquest of England—theNazarene Church and the long-prevail-ing cult of Mary Magdalene wereprominent in Europe. Women's rightsof equality were upheld throughout theCeltic structure—and this was an enor-mous problem for the male-only priest-hood of orthodox Christianity.

The underlying principle of theGrail monarchs was always oneof Service, in accordance with

the Messianic code established byJesus when he washed his apostles'feet at the Last Supper. And so the

true Grail dynasts were kings and guardians of their realms, butthey were never rulers.

This key aspect of the Grail code was perpetuated at the veryheart of nursery tale and folklore. Never did a valiant cardinal orbishop ride to the aid of an oppressed subject or a damsel in dis-tress, for this has always been the social realm of Grail princesand their appointed knights.

The Grail code recognises advancement by merit and acknowl-edges community structure, but, above all, it is entirely democrat-ic. Whether apprehended in its physical or spiritual dimension,the Grail belongs to leaders and followers alike. It also belongs tothe land and the environment, requiring that all should be "as one"in a common, unified Service.

Continued on page 83

Only by maintainingultimate spiritual

control overindividuals could the Church reignsupreme, and so

whenever a Grail dynast came

to the fore he was met by the

wrath of the papal machine.

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JUNE - JULY 1998 NEXUS • 19

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Dr Roger G. Mazlen: We have as our guest Dr Leonard Horowitz, a Harvard grad-uate, independent investigator and internationally known authority on publichealth education, who's the author of the best-selling book Emerging Viruses:

AIDS and Ebola. Why are we talking to Dr Horowitz? Simply, chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients

have a depressed immune system. They have immune deficiency. They have immunesuppression. They are sitting ducks for any kind of new viruses, especially those with theability to destroy the immune system. So, without any further ado, welcome to the show,Dr Horowitz.

Dr Leonard G. Horowitz: Thank you, Dr Mazlen. It's a great privilege and pleasureto be with you.

Dr Mazlen: Well, we're delighted that we're able to talk to you today. Let me let youstart by introducing us to the general scope of your book.

Dr Horowitz: Well, I spent three years investigating a 1970 Department of Defenseappropriations request for US$10 million into a five-year study to develop immune-sys-tem-ravaging micro-organisms for germ warfare. I didn't believe at first that this was alegitimate document. Ultimately I tracked the money following a paper trail of scientificliterature and government documents and I found that the money had gone to an organisa-tion called Litton Bionetics. Did you ever hear of Litton microwave ovens?

Dr Mazlen: Surely. Dr Horowitz: Well, they're also a subsidiary of a megamilitary weapons contracting

firm and they had a medical subsidiary which was called Litton Bionetics. They weresixth on the list with major army biological weapons contractors during the late '60s andearly '70s. And they commuted numerous immune-system-ravaging micro-organisms forgerm warfare. They were the recipients of over US$2 million a year to develop thesetypes of micro-organisms, not only for biological weapons research and development butalso for cancer research and vaccine research and development. So, that's basically thebook. Emerging Viruses: AIDS and Ebola goes into who made these types of viruses—the AIDS-like, Ebola-like viruses—how they made them, virtually every step of the way,and why they made them. And then, most incredibly, I found and reprinted in black andwhite the US Government contracts which show you how much US taxpayers pay tofinance these research efforts.

Dr Mazlen: Well, of course, this is a very serious concern to our listening audience—those who have chronic fatigue, or those who suspect they may have, or those who are notsure—because any new virus or any virus which has the ability to suppress immunity con-stitutes a major threat to these people and to the general public as well.

Now, in your book, and I'm going to quote you, on page 134 you say: "Putting all thefacts together I now understood how humanly benign DNA monkey viruses, likeSV40...and other common retrovirus vaccine contaminants like SFV, could have, over theperiod of a few decades, become RNA retroviruses that, through contaminated vaccines,spread to millions of people around the world." Could you amplify that a little bit for theaudience?

Dr Horowitz: Certainly. The gist of the book and the warning of the book EmergingViruses: AIDS and Ebola is that we have a Food and Drug Administration [FDA] thatdoes not tell health scientists or health professionals or the public the truth about the cont-aminated vaccines or the methods by which the vaccines are prepared. For example, theoral polio vaccine is still, to this day, being prepared in contaminated monkey kidney tis-sues which are bringing with it a variety of not only monkey virus contaminants but also

Dr LeonardHorowitz suggests

that the widespreadincidence of weirdcancers and auto-immune illnesses

today is a result oflarge populationsbeing inoculated

with vaccinesknown by healthauthorities to becontaminated.

An Interview with Leonard G. Horowitz , DMD, MA, MPH

by Dr Roger G. Mazlen

Host of the CFS Radio Show, USARecorded 15 March 1998

Website:www.cfsaudio.4biz.net/cfsprev.htm

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22 • NEXUS JUNE - JULY 1998

the herpes-type viruses, such as simian cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr and herpes B, which we know are immune-system-suppress-ing types of viruses.

We know also that the vaccine that most plausibly deliveredAIDS and possibly even chronic fatigue to the world—since theyboth broke out in the same year, 1978—was the 1974 experimen-tal hepatitis B vaccine that was prepared in Merck, Sharpe &Dohme's laboratories, along with support from the Centers forDisease Control and the Food and Drug Administration. Weknow that this particular hepatitis B vaccine was partly preparedin contaminated monkeys that were shipped by Litton—again, abiological weapons contracting firm for the Department ofDefense. And we know for a fact that the monkeys from whichthese vaccines were produced were contaminated. We even havetestimonial by the man who created these vaccines to that effect.His name is Dr Maurice Hilleman, andhe was Merck, Sharpe & Dohme'sleading vaccine developer.

So they developed these vaccinespartly in contaminated animals andthen they inoculated them into humanbeings, and it was therefore an acci-dent waiting to happen that we wouldhave a variety of immune-system-related disorders including weird can-cers and weird auto-immune illnessesthat we have in epidemic proportionstoday.

Dr Mazlen: Well that, of course,brings up a lot of issues, but I want togo back to your book again where youquote an interview with Dr Hilleman by Edward Shorter, PhD[pages 484-5], where Hilleman said, "there were 40 differentviruses in these vaccines anyway that we were inactivating", andShorter responded, "But you weren't inactivating the [SV40, simi-an virus 40]..." And then Hilleman said, "No, that's right." And

he even went on to say, "But yellow fever vaccine had leukaemiavirus in it, and you know this is in the days of very crude science."

So, here we now learn from the very statements they made thatnot only were there immune-damaging viruses, there were evenviruses that could spread leukaemia virus. You do go into this inthe book. You talk about cases of T-cell leukaemia. What aboutthat, for example? Is there still some risk of that occurring?

Dr Horowitz: I believe so, Dr Mazlen. I believe that many ofthese risks still continue to this day. Let me give you an example.Today, the Food and Drug Administration, which we rely uponfor both our personal and our children's health and safety, mustturn a blind eye to as many as 100 monkey virus contaminants perdose of the oral polio vaccine that we're allegedly by law told wemust give our children today. And I say "allegedly" because it'snot true. We have spiritual and religious exemptions that you can

get, and it is actually voluntary, butthey make it seem like you can't goto school or you can't get your chil-dren into schools or you can't workin, for example, healthcare settingswithout getting these vaccines—andthat's not the truth.

But you see, the Food and DrugAdministration must turn a blind eyeto at least 100 of these contaminantsper dose because their hands are tiedby proprietary laws and non-disclo-sure agreements placed upon themby the pharmaceutical industry. Inother words, they're muzzled by thedrug makers. So they can't even tell

our scientists the true extent of the contaminations and the risksassociated with the vaccines. Therefore, the physicians—who getmost of their continuing medical education paid for by the phar-maceutical industry as well—never learn the truth; and subse-quently, when they look at patients with running eyes and say that

these vaccines are "for your own good" or "for yourchildren's own good", they believe it. And they're justbasically brainwashed. They're like cult followers, butthey don't even know who their cult leaders are in manycases.

Dr Mazlen: Well, we certainly don't get any realinformation on the process of vaccine-making in med-ical school. I mean, there really isn't anything in thecurriculum. I don't remember anything in the curricu-lum that applies to that whatsoever; and so, as you say,it's a fait accompli. You are just told to do it. It's goodand you do it. This changes the whole picture, becausein good conscience you wouldn't be giving something ifyou knew that it was contaminated with somethingthat's detrimental.

Now we're going to talk a little bit about the workthat's been done by W. John Martin and how it fits intothis book. Dr W. John Martin, MD, PhD, wrote theforeword to this book and there's a section in it inwhich Dr Horowitz talks about Martin's experience atthe FDA at a time when he was director of the ViralOncology Branch at the FDA's Bureau of Biologics[now the Center for Biologics, Evaluation andResearch] and that he had been informed that there wascontamination by simian cytomegalovirus. This isimportant because Dr Martin has been reporting casesof a stealth virus—a CMV virus, which is in the herpes

"But you see, the Food and DrugAdministration must turn a blind

eye to at least 100 of thesecontaminants per dose because

their hands are tied by proprietarylaws and non-disclosure

agreements placed upon them bythe pharmaceutical industry."

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JUNE - JULY 1998 NEXUS • 23

family—in the Mohave Valley area in Arizona, which has beenspreading in every direction and toward the major cities and popu-lation centres. I would like it very much if you would commenton this.

Dr Horowitz: Sure, Dr Mazlen, I'd be happy to. Now thisbasically comes from personal conversations with Dr Martin. DrMartin, of course, as you mentioned, wrote the foreword to thisbook, Emerging Viruses, and he talks about his experience as theBureau of Biologics vaccine tester and actually in charge of test-ing humans for vaccine contamination between 1976 and 1980.At one point in the book he cites the fact that there's no reason forthese vaccines to continue to be contaminated, that the authoritieshold the capacity and the technology to clean them up but yet theydon't. Well, I go into detail about the social-political backgroundon that, and I'm not going to go into that on your program todaybecause we don't have the time, but let me give you one example.

When Dr Martin found some of these foreign viruses, DNAviruses and RNA viruses in the vaccines, hewent to his superior at the FDA bureau andsaid to him: "You know, we've got a prob-lem with these vaccines." And his boss saidto him: "Stop worrying about it. Every timeyou eat an apple, you ingest foreign DNA."That was the response.

Dr Mazlen: That's not too comforting,overall. In fact, it's a comment that leadsone to feel a certain sense of insecurity aboutvaccines, and there have been times whenwe've had guests on this program who com-mented about whether or not they shouldgive vaccines to their children or to peoplewith chronic fatigue syndrome. Itmakes it difficult to counsel thembecause you're really not sure what'sthere. Now specifically, Martin alsomentions—and you say it in thebook—that the SV40 which was in theoral polio vaccines is actually prettymuch carried in the general communityand it's spreading.

Dr Horowitz: Right, and as a matterof fact it was, I think, three weeks agonow when the Journal of the AmericanMedical Association [J A M A] carriedthe first article showing that the simianvirus 40, the 40th monkey virus everdiscovered, was known in 1961 to be contaminating both Salk andSabin polio vaccines and that, in fact, those vaccines had beengiven to well over 100 million people around the world, mostly inRussia.

According to Hilleman—we have him on tape, again beinginterviewed by Shorter—the joke of the day in 1961 became,since they had just inoculated mostly Russians with this contami-nated vaccine, that the Russian athletes were going to come to thenext Olympics full of tumours.

Well, you see, they never cleaned them up, not completely; andtoday, again, we're still getting and we're still giving contaminatedmonkey viruses to human beings.

The article in J A M A discusses specific types of cancers—"unique cancers", they said—and states that the general publicshould not be concerned. And I beg to differ with them. I think itshould be an extreme concern. I think we should literally have amoratorium on US Government–promulgated vaccines until there

is a thorough, independent scientific investigation as well as,hopefully, a congressional investigation into all the documentedfacts. But the JAMA article said that there were now unique can-cers associated with SV40.

An earlier article talked about 25 per cent of a very large Italianpopulation carrying these monkey viruses in their bodies, and Isuspect that it's a larger percentage here in the United States.

A woman by the name of Bernice Eddy [a doctor of bacteriolo-gy] discovered [in 1954, with cancer researcher Sarah Stewart]this particular virus that was first called SE polyoma. She discov-ered this virus in contaminated polio vaccines, and she took pho-tographs of a dozen monkeys which had keeled over dead andparalysed when she administered the vaccine. Her boss at theNIH confiscated the photos and demoted and defunded her; andthen 10 years of crusading later, in 1972, she gets before Congressand she tells the United States Congress people: "If you continueto allow these contaminated vaccines to go out, I guarantee you

that over the next 20 years you will have epi-demics of cancer unlike the world has everseen." And that's precisely what we havetoday.

Dr Mazlen: Certainly, if you include theAIDS virus as part of this, no doubt. Interms of your research—which is extensivein the book, and I certainly think that anyonewho reads it will be impressed by theamount of work you've done—you do gointo, at length, the fact that the AIDS virusmight have come about through syntheticdevelopment, blending a number of killerviruses in an effort to make an immune-

destroying virus. When did that hap-pen?

Dr Horowitz: This type of research,wherein simian virus 40 and othermonkey viruses were used and thenmutated or hybridised with other ani-mal cancer viruses, began in the early1960s. The contracts that are reprintedin Emerging Viruses show that it wasFebruary 12, 1962 that the SpecialVirus Cancer Program began. Thatwas a largely funded, mostly secretprogram that resulted after the peopleon the inside at the National Institutesof Health realised they had just inocu-

lated well over 100 million people around the world with cancer-virus-ridden vaccines.

When they started this, it was kind of like the ground floor of ahuge business opportunity at that point, and they began to doextensive research in mutating monkey viruses to see what wouldproduce cancer with them, and then, perhaps, how they might betreated with vaccines and whatever else.

So, it was in the '60s, and particularly by the late '60s, thatresearchers at Litton Bionetics—Dr Robert Gallo was overseeingthem—and researchers at the National Cancer Institute as well,were very adept at taking monkey viruses and recombining themwith things like feline leukaemia virus RNA that caused a wholelaundry list of symptoms virtually identical to what AIDS patientssuffer from. Another favourite one that they used to mutate mon-key viruses with, was the chicken leukaemia sarcoma virus RNAthat caused wasting, immunosuppression and death. And then theresearchers recorded that to get this type of a virus to jump

"...Bernice Eddy [a doctorof bacteriology]

discovered this virus incontaminated polio

vaccines, and she tookphotographs of a dozen

monkeys which hadkeeled over dead andparalysed when she

administered the vaccine. Her boss at the NIH

confiscated the photosand demoted anddefunded her..."

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24 • NEXUS JUNE - JULY 1998

species readily—they cultured it in human white blood cells insome studies and human foetal tissue cells in culture in other stud-ies so that it would adapt—the virus would develop what's calledthe "attachment apparatus". Those are the unique proteins like thegp120-like protein.

Dr Mazlen: A couple of very important things I want to saybefore we have to close the show for today. One, is it safe forpeople to donate blood if you're not screening for SV40 and simi-an CMV virus?

Dr Horowitz: No, I think not. I think that's a very urgentquestion that should also be addressed by independent scientificinvestigation and congressional investigation. You see, the bloodbankers—the international blood "banksters", as I like to callthem—are the people who allowed 10,000 haemophiliacsthroughout the United States to get HIV-contaminated blood.And recently we've been told that if you had a blood transfusionbetween 1970 and 1990, you'd better go get checked for the can-cer ticking-time-bomb virus called hepatitis C. These are thesame people who have allowed these types of things. They'revery related financially and otherwise to the companies that havebeen producing the contaminated vaccines. And my concern isthat they're making vast fortunes off humanity's suffering throughthe healthcare system; and people are dying off on this planet. It'sinteresting that that fulfils a very clear and well-articulated, well-documented population reduction agenda. So I'm concernedabout those issues.

Dr Mazlen: We're going to have you back at another time totalk about some of this. Because there's going to be a lot of peo-ple who are interested in your book and your research, what num-ber can they reach you at about these things?

Dr Horowitz: Well, the materials can be gained by calling atoll-free number [in the USA]. It's 1888 508 4787. An easy wayto remember that number is 1888-50-VIRUS. And I'm pleased totell you that despite the fact that, over the last year and a half, allthe major chain-store buyers have refused to buy the book—inother words, there has been a boycott against the book, EmergingViruses: AIDS and Ebola—it did become a best seller in hard-cover about four months ago with the number of sales, but thisweek Crown Books finally gave us their first order. You couldprobably go get the book in Crown bookstores today.

Dr Mazlen: Congratulations on that. I want to ask you,though, are you researching now what's happening with some ofthese things? The hepatitis B vaccine you implicated might havebeen contaminated at one point in time. Is it still contaminated?

Dr Horowitz: Yes, it is. As a matter of fact, I came back fromFrance not too long ago, where I met with one of the top virolo-gists in the world—a cancer virologist who used to work withGallo and Montagnier. His name is Merko Valjenski, and hebasically gave me some scientific documents showing that today'shepatitis B vaccine is still carrying a very carcinogenic enzymethat the authorities have not yet removed. ∞

Editor's Note:Dr Leonard G. Horowitz's book, Emerging Viruses: AIDS &Ebola—Nature, Accident or Intentional? [ISBN 0-923550-12-7], was published in 1996 by Tetrahedron Publishing Group[20 Drumlin Road, Rockport, MA 01966, USA, phone (508)546 6586, 1800 336 9266 (toll free, USA), fax (508) 5469226, website, http://www.tetrahedron.org/]. The book wasreviewed in NEXUS 4/01.

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JUNE - JULY 1998 NEXUS • 27

Third World countries revolted against the MIA [the Multilateral InvestmentAgreement within the World Trade Organization] from the beginning. InJanuary 1996, for example, Malaysian Prime Minister Dr Mahathir Mohamadcommented that his country was "aware of such moves and...will take steps to

ensure that such an unfair trade treaty will not be pushed through".46

Soon afterwards, eight Third World countries, including India and Indonesia, issued astatement declaring their "objection to the bringing up of the trade and investment issue inthe World Trade Organization".47 Couching their displeasure in diplomatic terms, thesecountries expressed their concern that an MIA would impact on "the ability of nationalgovernments to regulate FDI flows so as to support national development objectives andpriorities". "Equally unclear", the eight governments stated, "is the nature of the potentialbenefits and costs of FDI and its relationship to the globalisation process and the accom-panying phenomenon of marginalisation".48 Instead, they demanded that the investmentissue be discussed within the framework of the UN Conference on Trade andDevelopment (UNCTAD) which lacks binding juridical powers and in which developingcountries are at a less glaring disadvantage as in the WTO. These resistant Third Worldcountries had learned a lesson from the Uruguay Round of the GATT: that the initiationof negotiations generates enormous pressure for the completion of far-reaching treaties.

Despite these clear signals from Third World governments, WTO Director-GeneralRuggiero nevertheless placed investment on the agenda for the WTO's December 1996Ministerial Conference in Singapore. The EU and other proponents of the MIA had bythat time adapted their proposal into a "study process" on the relations between trade andinvestment.49

During the course of the Singapore conference, those countries who resisted bringinginvestment onto the WTO agenda were one after another prodded to change their position.Some countries lobbied with some success to limit the scope of the working group. Thelast country to give in was India, which ultimately joined the last-ditch efforts to preventthe proposed working group from preparing the elements of an MIA negotiation process.

In an utterly undemocratic procedure, a final draft declaration was negotiated by aninformal group of 30 countries. It was presented to the conference plenary at the very lastmoment, accompanied by a plea from the chairman, Singapore's Yeo Cheow Tong, tocountries to refrain from reopening discussions.5 0 And so the WTO working group ontrade and investment was born.

Following the Singapore conference, EU Commissioner Brittan envisioned the door toPa multilateral "framework of binding rules" on investment wide open. He declared:"...on investment...we have at least put WTO on the map. Investment indeed seems to meto be the top priority for WTO in the years ahead."51

Third World negotiators, on the other hand, emphasised that they had managed to stopnegotiations on an MIA from being launched. India's Commerce Secretary TejendraKanna said: "We made it clear that no mandate can be given for a study of an MIA. Thisis not permissible even with the two-year period. If it ever comes to that stage, even thenwe will block it."52

INVESTMENT WORKING GROUP NEGOTIATIONSThe tension between OECD countries and MIA opponents was tangible at the three

meetings of the working group in 1997, at which the OECD, UNCTAD, the World Bank,the IMF and other international institutions were observers. Whereas the EU has contin-ued to urge for the commencement of negotiations, countries like Malaysia, India,

If ratified, theMultilateral

Agreement onInvestment willplace yet more

power and wealthin the hands oftransnational

corporations, withquestionable

benefits to peopleworldwide.

Part 2

A Briefing by

Corporate Europe Observatory(CEO) © February 1998

c/- Prinseneiland 3291013 LP Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Telephone/Fax: +31 30 2364422E-mail: [email protected]

Website: www.xs4all.nl/~ceo/

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28 • NEXUS JUNE - JULY 1998

Indonesia and Pakistan remain outspoken against even the small-est steps towards a global investment treaty.53

The working group has been discussing trade, investment,development and economic growth on an abstract level, but in1998 will also take on "multilateral agreements and initiatives".54

Its report to the WTO Ministerial Conference in May 1998 [as wego to press] is not likely to contain any controversial recommen-dations, and it is not expected that any decisions on investmentwill be taken at this meeting.

Over the [northern] summer and fall, however, debates in theworking group will heat up in anticipation of the December 1998deadline for the final report to the WTO General Council.Proponents of a WTO treaty on investment will attempt to rallysupport for the preparation of negotiations; their success largelyhinges upon the fate of the MAI negotiations. Observers expectthat the EU and others aim to revitalise MIA so that negotiationscould begin by 1999 or the year 2000.

According to some sources, the most likely strategy is the initi-ation of a new general round of negotiations to include worldwideliberalisation of agriculture, investment and several other issues atthe beginning of the new millennium.

WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATIONThe World Trade Organization (WTO) came into being on 1

January 1995, following the signingof the GATT global free trade agree-ment in 1994. The WTO's mandateis to remove obstacles to trade, andgovernments can ask its dispute set-tlement body to investigate whetheranother country's legislation might infact be a trade barrier. WTO deci-sions are binding and can beenforced through the implementationof trade sanctions against the disobe-dient government by all WTO mem-ber countries.

The most recent WTO judgementthat a consumer protection law actedas a trade barrier concerns the European Union's ban on growthhormones in beef, but many more cases are on the way. Just asthe US raises cases on behalf of its corporations, the EU questionsUS food safety and environmental legislation on behalf ofEurope-based TNCs.

The US, the EU and Japan are continuously seeking the expan-sion of the WTO's mandate, as their industries crave access to thelast remaining unprotected sectors of Third World economies.Since 1995, steps have been taken to liberalise telecommunica-tions and financial services.

Despite fierce Third World opposition, a WTO investment lib-eralisation treaty is still a high priority for OECD countries and, inparticular, for the European Union.

UNCTADThe United Nations Conference on Trade And Development

(UNCTAD) is increasingly used by OECD countries and businessgroupings as a forum for moving Third World countries in thedirection of a friendlier position on investment deregulation.

The UNCTAD, at its May 1996 conference in Witrand, SouthAfrica, received a mandate to study the development implicationsof existing investment arrangements, like bilateral investmenttreaties (BITs), and to discuss the necessity of a multilateralframework for investment.

At the conclusion of their June 1996 meeting in Lyon, France,G7 leaders described the results of the Witrand conference as "amajor milestone in the renewal of UNCTAD" and applauded therefocusing of UNCTAD's work on "a small number of prioritiesto promote development through trade and investment, with theaim of facilitating the integration of developing countries in theinternational trade system".

Although consensus-building on investment rules within theUNCTAD is informal, developing countries didn't join withoutnudges from their industrialised neighbours. As EUCommissioner Sir Leon Brittan put it in a speech to a businessaudience in Cologne: "Informal discussions have already begunin Geneva, largely thanks to European and Canadian pressure.We have been trying not to bludgeon developing countries intosubmission, but to share with them the fruits of our latest analysis,in order to show that investment liberalisation is a winning strate-gy for all players."55

And not only G7 governments are trying to lure developingcountries into the UNCTAD massage parlour: major industrylobby groups like the European Round Table of Industrialists(ERT) and the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) havealso discovered the usefulness of this institution.

In December 1997, the ERT and the UNCTAD Secretariat co-organised a high-level meeting of 25 Geneva-based ambassadors

from developing countries and some16 CEOs of ERT companies to dis-cuss a June 1997 ERT working paperon investment. This meeting waschaired by the UNCTAD Secretary-General, Rubens Ricupero, and ICCand ERT Chairman Helmut Maucherof Nestlé. Maria Livanos Cattaui,Secretary-General of the ICC, wasalso present.

And at UNCTAD's 1996 WorldInvestment Forum Conference, theICC spoke on behalf of world busi-ness, outlining what Third Worldcountries should do to attract foreign

direct investment. Asking investors to fulfil special obligations,for example, was strongly discouraged.56

INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND The International Monetary Fund (IMF), traditionally responsi-

ble for helping countries meet their balance-of-payments require-ments and setting currency standards, has been a key instrumentin prying open markets for foreign investors and bailing them outin the case of financial crisis. The IMF's crowbar is a set ofinvestment liberalisation measures which rob countries of theireconomic sovereignty.

As James Tobin, the Nobel laureate economist who proposed atax on all international currency transactions, put it: "It is hard toescape the conclusion that the countries' currency distress is serv-ing as the opportunity for an unrelated agenda—including theobtaining of trade concessions for US corporations and expansionof investment possibilities."57

And indeed, the recent IMF "recovery packages" for the shat-tered economies of South Korea, Thailand and Indonesia includeda number of provisions that might have been taken straight fromthe text of the MAI. These included requirements that the indebt-ed governments guarantee the following: the right for all foreigninvestors to establish investments in every sector of the economy;the weakening of labour and environmental standards to attract

The IMF's crowbar is a set ofinvestment liberalisation

measures which rob countries oftheir economic sovereignty.

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JUNE - JULY 1998 NEXUS • 29

investment; the removal of safeguards in stock markets that limitflash sell-offs and capital flight; and prevention against the adop-tion of regulations which would restrict or control foreign invest-ment in their countries.

Today, with the Asian economies more exposed, TNCs are buy-ing out local companies at bargain prices and, at the same time,gaining new market territory for themselves.

FUNDAMENTAL FLAWS OF THE MAIThe next few months will be decisive for the future of the MAI,

the Multilateral Agreement on Investment. OECD negotiatorsappear determined not to extend the deadline for the negotiationsa second time. They are racing against the clock to resolve con-flicts between various countries, and are busily decorating theagreement with non-binding wording on social and environmentalstandards in an attempt to neutralise the critique and improve thechances of getting the MAI through national parliaments. Anyfurther delay would leave MAI's future extremely uncertain.Experience has shown that additional time serves only to multiplyproblems for the negotiators, as more and more negative impactsof the MAI come to light.

Most recently, the European Parliament's queries about how theMAI would affect future possibilities for improving social andenvironmental policies within the EU have brought problems withthe MAI to the surface.

The multiplying number of pagesof reservations demanded by nationaldelegations have placed the OECD'srosy picture of a 'win-win' treaty in amore realistic light. That the negoti-ating governments are at last becom-ing wary of the impacts that the MAIwill have on their societies is a clearindication of the fundamentallyflawed character of the treaty.

MAI negotiators are likely toannounce a political agreement onthe MAI at the OECD's MinisterialConference in May. Over the nextmonths they will focus on adding the finishing touches so that thetreaty can be officially signed in November 1998. This is obvi-ously a highly undemocratic procedure and is symptomatic of theentire process to date.

Although the rigid economic model that MAI signatory coun-tries will be forced into may enjoy strong governmental supporttoday, it will likely attract growing critique over coming years asits social, environmental and political impacts become increasing-ly visible. Joining the MAI involves a 20-year lock-in to a dereg-ulated system in which countries are completely dependent uponthe global economy, foreign investments and foreign investors—in other words, upon TNCs. Countries facing economic problemsor other challenges will be barred from seeking new solutions.This is not only undemocratic but also extremely dangerous.

Citizens' campaigns against the MAI are increasing in strengthday by day and in country after country, and the media are at lasttaking notice of the treaty. The NGO plot to kill the MAI hasbeen termed "the Dracula strategy": simply, bringing publicattention to a treaty that cannot stand up against the light.

Thus far, the response from OECD governments to the increas-ing pressure has been the addition of non-binding language to thetreaty's preamble and elsewhere, but most NGOs recognise theseas pseudo-solutions that do not change the fundamentally flawedcharacter of the MAI.

DANGERS OF TNC DEPENDENCYThe OECD's haste in pushing the MAI through can also be

attributed to the fear that the deregulation wave may be losingmomentum. MAI negotiations started in 1995 at a time whenOECD countries were intoxicated by the signing of the GATT andthe birth of the WTO. Since then, although many more steps havebeen taken on the path towards a deregulated world market with-out borders for goods or capital flows, there are also increasingsigns of a backlash arising from Southern governments and frompeople all over the world.

The financial crisis in Asia was a painful lesson for the manyThird World countries which had been forced to scrap the veryregulations that could have prevented such a crash. Some govern-ments, including Thailand, have now started talking about theneed to reintroduce regulation.

Critique of the deregulation model has also recently come fromsurprising corners: financial speculators George Soros and thelate Sir James Goldsmith, for example, have both repeatedlywarned against the social and environmental dangers of unbridledeconomic globalisation.

The next step includes voicing clearer alternatives, and advocat-ing policies which reduce the current dangerous dependency upontransnational investment. Economic globalisation and deregula-tion have created a vicious circle in which investment dependency

forces workers, communities andgovernments into increasingly harshcompetition on wages, taxes, environ-mental protection and anything elsethat might influence investment con-ditions.

That international competitivenessis becoming the single most importantfactor determining the health of asociety is a scenario for disaster andwill unavoidably lead to a downwardsspiral in social and environmentalstandards, and delay or freeze desper-ately needed progress in these areas.

It is in reaction to this economicdependency upon TNCs that OECD governments have developedthe MAI in close cooperation with business lobby groups, andwhy they are now desperately trying to push it through before thepublic is clued in to what is happening.

Finally, TNC dependency is what is stimulating an increasingnumber of Third World countries to queue up to sign the MAI sothat they can receive a stamp of approval for having a first-classinvestment climate.

There are no lack of policy options for reducing TNC depen-dency and putting economic diversity and prosperity of localcommunities first. These options include: community reinvest-ment rules; limits on company size to avoid unfair competition;subsidies for local production for local use; efficient taxation ofTNC profits to ensure that the local economy benefits from theirpresence; regulation of capital flows; and numerous other current-ly unfashionable policy options. Of course, these are the type ofmeasures which would be banned if the MAI survives.

MAI entails the institutionalisation of neoliberalism as the onlyoption—the creation of a global economic constitution that is theequivalent of economic monoculture.

The struggle against the MAI has demonstrated the enormousnecessity and potential for grassroots globalisation on these com-plex, far-reaching issues. Information and strategies are beingshared among an increasingly strong network of citizens, NGOs,

The NGO plot to kill the MAI has been termed "the Dracula

strategy": simply, bringing public attention to a treaty that

cannot stand up against the light.

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workers, development organisations, women's movements andchurch groups. Although effective resistance to the MAI hasarisen late for a variety of reasons, there is no doubt that NGOsare now catching up. With an increasingly clear, common analy-sis of the dangers of corporate-led globalisation, civil society isgetting prepared to defend our local economies, our democraticsystems and the common good.

THE MAIN CORPORATE PLAYERS: The preceding parts have given ample examples of how corpo-

rate lobby groups have been involved in the shaping of the MAI.The following is a more detailed overview of the main corporategroupings and the manifold strategies they have used in their cru-sade for investment deregulation in various international forums.

INTERNATIONAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE One of the most heavyweight corporate players behind the MAI

is without doubt the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC).The ICC, which promotes itself as "the world business organiza-tion" with members in over 130 countries, is not primarily anumbrella for chambers of commerce from around the world, asthe name might suggest.58 Its membership includes some of theworld's wealthiest transnational corporations: Asea BrownBoveri, Bayer, British Petroleum, Dow Chemical, GeneralMotors, Hyundai, Nestlé, Novartis,Shell, Toshiba, Zeneca and so forth.Quite a few national business associ -ations are also part of the ICC.

The ICC, which clearly has ambi-tions to become a major player inglobal politics, shares its chairman,Nestlé president Helmut Maucher,with the influential European RoundTable of Industrialists. The ICC'sSecretary-General is Maria LivanosCattaui, who, over a period of nearlytwo decades, developed the WorldEconomic Forum and its annualmeeting in Davos, Switzerland, intoa hugely influential global summit of corporate leaders and toppoliticians.

ICC involvement in the MAI negotiations has partly beenthrough the Business and Industry Advisory Council (BIAC), theofficial business delegation to the OECD negotiations.

The Chamber itself has left a number of fingerprints on thedraft treaty—for instance, regarding arbitration. In the currentdraft, the ICC's Court of Arbitration is included as one of the mainmechanisms for dispute settlement. Vincent J. O'Brien of the ICCsaid: "We definitely helped with the parts regarding arbitration.The ICC clearly has expertise in that area, and so it was naturalthat we had a hand in there." 5 9 One of the most controversialaspects of the MAI—the investor-state dispute mechanism whichwill allow corporations to sue governments in an internationalcourt—has been developed with the assistance of ICC 'experts'.The role of the ICC in this mechanism will be to oversee disputesand facilitate the settlement process.

The MAI allows its signatories to declare certain laws exemptfrom the treaty for national security reasons. However, it is up tothe MAI dispute settlement panel—overseen by the ICC—todetermine whether such a claim is valid. No one is entirely surehow the MAI would affect national law, as interpretation of thetreaty will be left to an independent panel appointed by defen-dants and corporations bringing the dispute. Under the proposed

MAI, state courts will have no jurisdiction in this area of law. The ICC has also made use of its access and consultative status

at major international summits to push for the MAI. During theDenver, USA, Summit of the G7 in 1997, the ICC met with theheads of state of the Group of Seven most industrialised countriesand presented its viewpoints. Among other things, the ICC urgedthe leaders to work harder to ensure that the MAI negotiations areconcluded quickly and that there be a complete rejection of envi-ronmental and labour standards.60

The OECD treaty on investment is a major goal for the ICC, butit is only the first step. In the spring of 1996, the ICC publishedits report, "Multilateral Rules for Investment", 6 1 in which itexpressed its support for all of the major elements in the MAI:the broad definition of investment, national treatment, most-favoured nation treatment, investment protection, and bindinginvestor-state arbitration. The report strongly supports the MAInegotiations, but ends by calling for the December 1996 WTOMinisterial Conference to "begin within the WTO to establish acomprehensive and truly global framework of rules and disci-plines to govern cross-border direct investment".62

EUROPEAN INDUSTRY AND THE MAI:The two most influential European corporate lobby groups—the

European Round Table of Industrialists (ERT) and the Union ofIndustrial and Employers Confedera-tions of Europe (UNICE)—have fol-lowed different strategies in theirstriving for an international invest-ment treaty.

EUROPEAN ROUND TABLE OFINDUSTRIALISTS

The European Round Table ofIndustrialists (ERT)6 3 has long beendeeply involved in the push forinvestment liberalisation, and hasbuilt a very comprehensive strategy tothis end. While supporting the MAI,its main objective is an investment

agreement at the WTO.64

As early as its 1993 report, "European Industry: A Partner forthe Developing World", the ERT had stressed the need for "aGATT for investment" and "an institution that could take stock ofimprovements and be able to lock-in the process ofl i b e r a l i s a t i o n " .6 5 This point has been often repeated in the fivereports on investment produced by the ERT North-South workinggroup since 1993. ERT president Helmut Maucher, who alsoheads the ICC and is the CEO of Nestlé, chairs this workinggroup.

The ERT has long played an active role in setting the EU policyagenda. In making the case for investment deregulation, RoundTable members are in direct contact with European leaders andthe European Commission as well as Third World governments.

The Round Table is jubilant about the positive effects achievedby two of its proposed tools to further economic globalisation:competition on rules (the race to provide companies with the mostfavourable investment conditions) and benchmarking (encourag-ing countries to compare their investment climate, including lev-els of deregulation). "Competition on rules and benchmarkinghave proven to be among the most effective drivers of the presentprocess of opening the economy, deregulating and modernisingthe institutions for private business investments."66

These concepts, presented in a 1993 survey on investment, 6 7

One of the most heavyweightcorporate players behind the MAIis without doubt the International

Chamber of Commerce (ICC). Its membership includes

some of the world's wealthiesttransnational corporations.

30 • NEXUS JUNE - JULY 1998

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have been eagerly adopted by decision makers. "In the develop-ing world it positively influenced attitudes and policies...it mayhave had an impact on the views and policies of the EuropeanCommission and European governments in external economicrelations in many different ways."68

The ERT advocates an investment agreement within the WTOwhich would include the main elements of the MAI but wouldextend even further. According to the Round Table, a WTOtreaty should ensure "continuous opening, also on the sub-federallevel" through "rules and criteria for efficient public policy bench-marking and institutionalised peer review". 6 9 The WTO treatyshould be flexible in order to "extend the coverage of the frame-work to additional relevant areas". The ERT's dream treaty wouldalso include international competition policy "able to addressstructural impediments" to market access which foreign investorsmight come across, "defining the relevant market as more and asglobal".

The ERT seems overly optimistic about the time frame for thecompletion of the WTO agreement they desire, proposing a"structured debate on strategy and concepts for a global agree-ment on investment at the next WTO Ministerial expected in June1998", and the "rapid conclusion of an agreement of the newk i n d " . 7 0 No doubt they will receive full support from theEuropean Commission, one of the main advocates of an MIAwithin the WTO.

Trade Commissioner Sir LeonBrittan, in reaction to the 1996 ERTsurvey on conditions for foreigninvestment, said: "I was particularlystruck by the message that we need-ed to think about the best role ofinternational negotiation, and tostrike a balance between using theWTO to establish agreed best prac-tice and using the WTO process tocreate more modern and dynamicinstruments such as public policybenchmarking. My own hope is thatWTO can do both."71

The ERT has strategically facilitated the softening of develop-ing-country opposition to a WTO investment agreement. ManyThird World countries have argued that discussion on investmentshould be held within the framework of UNCTAD, so at the endof 1997 the ERT co-organised with this organisation a meeting oninvestment. In attendance were 16 CEOs from ERT membercompanies (including ABB, British Petroleum, Krupp, Nestlé andShell), ICC Secretary-General Maria Livanos Cattaui, and 25Geneva-based ambassadors. The meeting focused on "dialogueon matters concerning FDI and the development dimension of theissues and concepts relevant to a possible multilateral frameworkon investment", and used the June 1997 ERT investment report asa basis for discussions.72

UNICEUNICE, the European industrial employers organisation, tends

to play a more reactive role than the ERT, generally responding tospecific European Union policies as they emerge.

As the EU has not officially released its position on the MAI,UNICE has thus far taken a back seat in the negotiations.Nonetheless, the group strongly supports the MAI and is repre-sented in the negotiations through its BIAC membership. 7 3

Additionally, UNICE is a strong proponent of a MultilateralAgreement on Investment (MIA) within the WTO.74

NON-EUROPEAN CORPORATE LOBBIES AND THE MAI: US COUNCIL FOR INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

When it comes to lobbying for the MAI, one of the most influ-ential industry groups has proven to be the US Council forInternational Business (USCIB). Founded in 1945 "to promote anopen system of world trade, investment and finance",7 5 it countsover 300 corporations, industry lobby groups, law firms andbanks among its membership—including the American PetroleumInstitute, BP America, Coca-Cola, Chevron, DuPont, GeneralElectric, General Motors, the Global Climate Coalition,Honeywell, Ford, McDonalds, Mobil, Monsanto, Nestlé USA,Philip Morris, Shell, Texaco and Unilever.

The USCIB is the US affiliate of the ICC and the InternationalOrganization of Employers (IOE), and, most significantly, chairsthe expert group of the OECD's Business and Industry AdvisoryCommittee (BIAC).

One hundred and fifty CEOs are busy pushing for investmentliberalisation through the USCIB's Investment Committee,chaired by Glen Skovholt of the Honeywell corporation.7 6 T h i spolicy committee has been very active on the MAI and has usedits widespread corporate tentacles for various pressure tactics.

In addition to regular meetings with US negotiators immediate-ly before and after each MAI negotiating session, USCIB alsoarranges direct access for its members to Ambassador Frans

Engering, chairman of the OECDMAI negotiating group.

Domestic support for MAI has beencreated by the USCIB's collaborationwith groups such as the NationalGovernors Association and theCouncil of State Government.

The USCIB's interest in investmentliberalisation initiatives is not restrict-ed to the MAI in the OECD.Facilitated by its membership in bod-ies like the Business AdvisoryCouncil for APEC (the Asia-PacificEconomic Cooperation forum) andthe Trans-Atlantic Business Dialogue

(TABD), where it co-chairs the working group on investment, theUSCIB ensures that investment remains at the top of the agendain all relevant forums, including the WTO and regional treaties.

Overseas pressure is also a tactic, and a USCIB delegation visit-ed the Japanese business organisation Keidanren in Kyoto inorder to enlist support for US business objectives in the MAI.77

There is no doubt that the USCIB has influenced the MAI fromthe beginning of the process. In 1991, four years before officialnegotiations began and long before MAI was out in the open, theUSCIB was already providing input on pre-negotiation work.Later, in March 1995, the Council released a statement clarifyingUS business objectives, which, in its own words, "formed thebasis of the formal BIAC submission to the OECD".78

The USCIB is clear about why it desires a MAI treaty. "TheMAI should eliminate many of the restrictions which make it toocostly for US firms to access foreign markets", according toStephen Canner, the USCIB's Vice-President for InvestmentP o l i c y .7 9 Consequently, the USCIB agrees with other industrygroups that the inclusion of labour and environmental provisionsin the MAI would be an enormous blunder, and has encouragedthe US administration to resist pressure from these interests. 8 0

Such provisions, it believes, "will deter key LDCs [less-developedcountries], who are not members of the OECD, from adhering,[and] thereby undercut a major objective of the United States—to

When it comes to lobbying for the MAI, one of the most

influential industry groups hasproven to be the US Council

for International Business(USCIB).

JUNE - JULY 1998 NEXUS • 31

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have a number of key non-OECD member countries join the MAIbefore beginning negotiations on investment in the WTO".81

Recently the USCIB has shifted its focus to ensure that any ref-erence to labour and environment in the MAI remain non-binding,threatening to withdraw its support for the MAI if this line isc r o s s e d .8 2 The trio of provisions (the so-called "three-anchorapproach") that the group could swallow coincides with the envi-ronmental provisions presented by the US. These are a non-bind-ing preambular statement on sustainable development, a non-binding provision on not lowering standards to attract foreigninvestment, and a non-binding attachment to the OECD's 1974"Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises".

The USCIB also invested some energy in damage control afterNGO campaigning in the US had stirred up some serious publicdoubts about the MAI. In December 1997, the USCIB publisheda letter in the Washington Times ,83 trying to calm fears about theMAI. The letter mocks the concerns of MAI critics, sarcasticallyasking: "Will the MAI allow big, bad multinational corporationsto trample the rights of poor countries, undermine existing nation-al environmental legislation and take away from US states theirconstitutional rights? Let's look at the facts..."—and referring to"the feverish atmosphere of Internet chat rooms".8 4 The bottomline, the groups argues, is that investment is not bad for the envi-ronment, and that it will benefit "the United States ingeneral...making the economic piegrow both here and abroad".85

BUSINESS COUNCIL ONNATIONAL ISSUES

Founded in 1976 by the CEOs ofUS-based Imperial Oil and Noranda,the Business Council on NationalIssues (BCNI) is Canada's version ofthe European and US businessround-tables. Among its 30 mem-bers are the CEOs of several largebanks and major Canadian and for-eign companies, including AirCanada, AT&T, Bechtel,Bombardier, Canadian Pacific, Cargill, DuPont, General Motors,Hewlett-Packard, Loram, MacMillan Bloedel, Mitsubishi,Monsanto, Nestlé, Northern Telecom, Petro Canada and PlacerDome.

Over the past two decades, the BCNI's relationship with succes-sive Canadian governments has become increasingly intimate.The lobby group worked strenuously for the passage of the 1988Canada-US Free Trade Agreement86 and organised a costly cam-paign to secure the election of the current neoliberal government.

However, the BCNI's approach to the MAI has been lessaggressive, perhaps due to the group's wish to sweeten its nega-tive public image. At the November 1997 MAI hearings, theBCNI professed its strong support for the Paris negotiations,focusing on the people-pleasing, job-creation aspects that such atreaty would bring: "...recent studies have indicated that for eachbillion dollars invested over a five-year period in Canada, some-thing in the order of 45,000 jobs are created."87

BCNI companies have also used other forums to fight for theirfavourite provisions in the MAI. Lobbying has been conductedthrough the Canadian Chamber of Commerce and the CanadianCouncil for International Business, and the BCNI is also a mem-ber of the OECD's official business advisory council, BIAC. Inparticular, the BCNI is strongly opposed to the EU's generalexception for regional economic integration agreements (which

would permit EU member states to discriminate against non-members), and, in solidarity with the USCIB, was quite disap-pointed at the recent rejection by US Congress of 'fast track' nego-tiating privileges for the President.88

KEIDANREN Keidanren, the most representative Japanese business coalition

with over 1,000 members (including Toyota, Mitsubishi, Nissan,Sony, Sakura Bank and Nippon Steel Corporation), has also beenactively pushing for the MAI. As Japan and South Korea are theonly Asian OECD members, Keidanren's main goal is to sign asmany developing countries as possible onto the MAI. Thus, whileurging that the MAI remain a high-standard agreement, it recom-mends flexibility to facilitate the membership of non-OECDcountries.

In addition, Keidanren has joined forces with UNICE toencourage the creation of a multilateral framework on investmentat the WTO,89 and simultaneously urges investment liberalisationthrough bilateral and regional agreements such as APEC.

Although generally pleased with MAI developments, Keidanrenis disappointed that two of its main objectives—taxation and keypersonnel (which allows special privileges for corporate staff)—have been carved out of the agreement.

The Japanese lobby group is also trying to reduce generalexemptions to the bare minimum—forinstance, strongly opposing regionaleconomic integration organisation(REIO) clauses (such as the one pro-posed for EU members), and rejectingextraterritoriality (such as the USHelms-Burton Act that punishes cor-porations active in Cuba), yet prefer-ring that all sub-national levels ofgovernments be fully bound by theMAI.

Though less aggressively than itsUS partners, Keidanren worries thatadditional labour and environmentalregulations would prevent non-OECD

members from signing on to the MAI.90

WORLD BUSINESS COUNCIL FOR SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT

The World Business Council for Sustainable Development(WBCSD) has only recently stepped up its involvement in theMAI. Masquerading behind its carefully cultivated image as a'green' industry lobby group,91 the WBCSD has been tremendous-ly successful in promoting global market liberalisation and self-regulation by business instead of government intervention as therecipe for sustainable development. The WBCSD approach hasleft its mark on, for instance, the 1992 Rio Declaration and the cli-mate treaty which emerged from Kyoto in December 1997. It isnot surprising that the WBCSD has come out strongly in favour ofthe MAI, despite acknowledging potential problems.

The 15 January 1998 BIAC consultation was the first time thatthe Business Council's Secretariat had participated in official con-sultations on the MAI. In general, the group's involvement hasbeen on the informal level. WBCSD president Björn Stigson hasattended various BIAC meetings and is a member of its environ-ment committee. Several WBCSD member companies are repre-sented in BIAC, and the secretariats of both organisations interact

Keidanren, the mostrepresentative Japanese business

coalition with over 1,000members (including Toyota,

Mitsubishi, Nissan, Sony, SakuraBank and Nippon Steel

Corporation), has also beenactively pushing for the MAI.

32 • NEXUS JUNE - JULY 1998

Continued on page 85

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We published the first part of Dr Sam Chachoua's story in NEXUS 5/01 and promisedto follow up with further detail on his Induced Remission Therapy. Here we present anedited transcript of the lecture he gave at the 2nd World Congress on Cancer, held inSeptember 1995, followed by a recent update from Dr Chachoua. — Editor

My name is Sam Chachoua and I'm an MD from Melbourne, Australia. WhatI'm going to talk to you about now is something quite new and revolutionary.It's called Induced Remission Therapy and it's a treatment that is based onthree natural phenomena: organ resistance, organism resistance, and sponta-

neous remission.I first got into cancer research at an early age when my father was diagnosed with mul-

tiple myeloma, and I basically tried to see whether I could find something that could helphim where conventional therapies were failing. One thing that I noted in all the studies Ihad was that there are parts of the human body—for example, the small intestine—whichare consistently resistant to cancer. Regardless of how far and wide cancer usuallyspreads, it usually leaves the small intestine alone.

There's also something known as "organism resistance", which means that most otheranimals that we try to give human cancer to are able to reject it. So I set about designingan experimental protocol where I was going to find out what it was about the small intes-tine that made it resistant to cancer, and I was going to find out what it was about horses,cats and dogs and other animals that made them resistant to human cancer.

To cut a long story short, I managed to isolate the immunological factors which I usedin experimental protocols at the Peter McCallum Cancer Institute. At age 18 I'd writtenmy first paper, and the following year I presented it before the Clinical Oncology Societyof Australia. Let me tell you, I was pretty proud of myself. I thought: "Kid, you've got itmade; you've helped your dad now, and this therapy is going to be adopted soon." And Icould just see it. I was going to walk into the Clinical Oncology Society of Australia.Everybody's going to cheer and get on the phone and say: "Hey, we've got a young kidhere; give me the Nobel Committee." Naïve! I was actually greeted with all the warmthone usually reserves for a venereal disease or an acute attack of haemorrhoids!

Let me just jump to how this form of therapy can apply to AIDS. We've known for avery long time that it's impossible to give animals AIDS by injecting them with HIV.Now there are two possibilities: either animals are inherently resistant, i.e., they don'thave receptor sites for HIV; or maybe, just maybe, they have an immune system which iscapable of fighting and destroying the virus. Well, hey, let's check it out!

So the initial data all showed promise that you could raise an immune response out of ahorse, for example, that would selectively destroy HIV. What intrigued and amazed mewas seeing the thought processes or, rather, not being able to see the thought processes inthe AIDS researchers who for years now have tried to find some way of developing animmune system resistant to AIDS. They sit there and say: "Well, we need to make ananimal model. Once we have an animal model, once we've made an animal sick withAIDS we can find a way to cure it." So they get their little test animals; they get their rats,their dogs, their horses and cats; they inject them with HIV—and they can't give themAIDS! They get really upset about that: "How am I supposed to find a cure for AIDS if Ican't give this animal AIDS? I'm injecting it with HIV to try to find an immune responsethat will kill HIV, and it won't take it. How am I supposed to do my job?" Are you fol-lowing the thought pattern here? It's looking right at them.

Dr Sam Chachouahas identified

'nemesis organisms'that can control andeven cure diseasessuch as cancer and

AIDS, but histherapies have beenlargely ignored by

the medicalestablishment.

Part 2

From a lecture presented by

Sam Chachoua, MB, BSon "Revolutionary New Therapies inthe Treatment of Incurable Diseases" at the 2nd World Congress on Cancer

Sydney, Australia 15-19 September 1995

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36 • NEXUS JUNE - JULY 1998

It would seem a bit of an anticlimax if I were to tell you thatone of the easiest ways to deal with the greatest plague today is touse an animal system that's resistant to the plague, and treat andcure the people suffering from the disease. A hundred years ago,before we had antibiotics, the only therapy we had for pneumonia,smallpox and polio was horse serum. They'd get a horse, shoot itwith a disease, draw the horse serumout, shoot that into the person andcure them. If that therapy was goodenough to deal with the plagues ahundred years ago, why isn't it beingapplied now?

But what happens if you do applyit now? Here's the case of a youngman with AIDS. He's 32 years old.He's got a pneumocystis pneumonia,he's short of breath, he's got a T-cellcount of 80 and a T4/T8 imbalance.So, essentially, his blood, his virus, isextracted out; an animal, such as ahorse, is vaccinated with his blood;the antiserum from the animal is thenpurified against this patient's blood so it doesn't cause allergicreactions; and the patient is treated with the horse's serum. Andwe see that within 24 hours, the pneumocystis pneumonia clears

up. That's pretty remarkableconsidering that the best thatantibiotics can do, if theycan clear it, is take days toweeks. This patient's symp-toms resolved; his T-cellcount went up to 780 within10 days from a low of 80,and his T4/T8 ratio becamenormal.

Now what I've just toldyou is pretty dramatic, butdoesn't it make some senseto you? Isn't it commonsense? We have a diseasethat can ravage our immunesystems but can't ravage ahorse's, can't ravage anotheranimal's. Why not use thoseanimals' immune systems todestroy the disease?

So, off I went to the bighospitals in the US, and Isaid, "Hey, guys, look atthis!" I showed them thecase study and the patient Ibrought with me. I showedthem 'befores' and 'afters'which were done on USsoil, and they said: "Inject aperson with horse serum?Are you insane? We'd neverdo that."

A few months later, someof the people whom I wasspeaking to from a relatedcentre—friends of theirs,actually—came out with the

announcement that they're going to give a baboon's bone marrowto an AIDS patient because baboons are resistant to HIV!

At that stage, feeling dejected and rather silly, I set abouttrying to investigate as much in the way of alternativetherapy and conventional therapy as I could—and believe

me, I investigated just about every-thing, down to laughter therapy!

Now one thing that really struckme very quickly on in the piece whenI was reviewing all the alternative,natural and conventional therapies isthat there are two misnomers thatexist in this world. One of them is"natural therapy".

Please, don't take me the wrongway. There's a lot of good in alterna-tive therapy, there's a lot of good invitamins and diet, but what on Earthis natural about shoving 50,000 unitsof vitamin C intravenously? What'snatural about injecting ozone into

somebody's backside? What's natural about cappuccino enemas? The other great misnomer in the medical field of conventional

therapy are the terms "radiotherapy" and "chemotherapy". Howthe world "chemo" ever gotside by side with the word"therapy" is beyond me.Never before has a therapyrepeatedly failed for 80years, caused the mosthideous side effects knownto man, and continued toprosper and flourish. Itamazes me that chemothera-py has spread its wingswithout people knowing.

For example, how manypeople know that the com-monest therapy for aggres-sive psoriasis these days ischemotherapy? Teenagersand people of child-bearingage will go to the doctor,and their doctor will say:"I'll give you a folic acidantagonist calledMethotrexate." You see,"folic acid antagonist"sounds better than"chemotherapy", doesn't it,but it's chemo. These kidsare swallowing poison, andthey and their kids will suf-fer the consequences.

Did you hear about thelatest breakthrough, a newform of contraception that'snow on the market? It's aone-shot abortion injection.Well, the abortion injectionis a folic acid antagonist.It's chemotherapy.

We have a disease that can ravage our immune systems but

can't ravage a horse's, can'travage another animal's.

Why not use those animals'immune systems to destroy

the disease?

Fig. 1a: Breast cancer seen on mammogram of 65-year-old female.

Fig. 1b: After 10 days of treatment,breast is back to normal.

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Let's be blunt about something. Alternative therapy is great,and we can probably extend and improve the quality of life ofpeople who are ill, and, heaven knows, we can prevent a lot ofdiseases from happening; but when you cut down to the chase,conventional therapy and alternative therapy are joined by onething.

Over the past hundred years in the war against cancer, we'vefailed abysmally. Let's be frank here: if a hundred people were todo the most arduous alternative therapy available, we would notcure a hundred cancer patients; we would not cure a hundredAIDS patients.

There are only three reasons why we're failing in our war. Onepossibility is that the weaponry isn't powerful enough. Now, inchemotherapy and radiotherapy we have weaponry that can cre-mate a person! So, it can't be that one; rule that one out. The sec-ond possibility is that the target is invisible. Now we know that tobe true; we know that cancer cells are immunologically invisible.The third possibility is that there's another target.

The one thing I found depressing about alternative and conven-tional therapy is that they both totally ignored the phenomenon of"spontaneous remission" which is perhaps the most natural phe-nomenon which repeatedly tells us how to cure terminal disease."Spontaneous remission" is a term given to miraculous healings,where people on their death bed 'rise from the dead' within two tothree days without a trace of their disease. It's a phenomenonthat's been reported in the literature but hardly ever investigated.

The data on spontaneous remission strongly suggest that justbefore a person with cancer, heart disease, arthritis or any of theother terminal diseases has a spontaneous remission or a cure oftheir disease, they suffer what seems to be a viral or bacterial orsome form of severe infection.

This was noticed by a Dr Didot, in France, who noted that theexistence of syphilis precluded the appearance of cancer. If pros-titutes had syphilis, they were very unlikely to develop cancer.This doctor actually treated 20 cancer patients with syphilis and,of those 20, 14 went into total remission. As the syphilis grew, itmunched up the cancer; the cancer went away. Another threepatients did pretty well, and a couple of them died of the syphilis.But this was a few hundred years ago, and given the choicebetween "the Big C" and "the Big S"—well, today we can curesyphilis with a couple of shots of penicillin, or so I've been told!

Late last century, Dr William Coley had a patient who had bonecancer and developed a severe syphilis or skin infection. As theskin infection grew, it munched on the bone cancer and the bonecancer disappeared. Dr Coley went on to develop what he called"Coley's toxins" and used them for many years as a therapy thatgot quite good results.

The trouble here is that Dr Coley succumbed to what I call"macho medicine". The infection he isolated from the patient,and which cured the patient, had remarkable successes in subse-quent patients treated with the same infection, but he wasn't happywith that. Coley wanted something that would do better, so hefound a more toxic infection. Instead of using the specificS t r e p t o c o c c u s strain which he'd isolated from the patient, hefound a Streptococcus that kills people, reasoning that it's moretoxic, therefore it will kill more cancer, and therefore the chancesof cure are better.

It's been long known that in areas where malaria exists, there'sno cancer; and when you get rid of malaria, drain the swamps, killthe mosquitoes, the cancer rate rises. People who have cancer andwho catch malaria have a chance of going into remission. Justrecently, Dr Henry Heimlich [who developed the Heimlichmanoeuvre for preventing choking] injected a few AIDS patientswith malaria and managed to get them into some form of remis-sion where they improved and stayed stable at the improved level.

All these observations led me to come up with something Icall "nemesis theory", which states that for every diseasethere's an antidisease organism which will specifically

attack and destroy it. This then led to the development of "nemesis therapy", where I

make extracts of these "nemesis organisms" with which to treatspecific diseases.

And how do you find nemesis organisms? Well, you lookaround. Where there's a disease and there's less of another dis-ease, the chances are that they're antagonistic to each other. Or,you work on basic levels, as I like to do, and do test after test aftertest to check.

What I did in the laboratory was get thousands of bottles andplace leukaemia lymph node tumour biopsies in them. Each bot-tle had a particular organism growing inside it. The one withaffinity for the cancer actually grabbed hold of the cancer and ate

Fig. 2a: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma seen in 32-year-old-female.

Fig. 2b: Resolution of lymphoma after two weeks of treatment.

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38 • NEXUS JUNE - JULY 1998

it. This protein 'web'—actually, a fungus—shot up and encapsu-lated the tumour. Within a few days, there was a little bit of thecancer left. A couple of weeks later, no cancer—just the fungus!

So what this does is it gives us this new therapeutic modality.This nemesis organism can now give us highly specific chemicalsthat it used to kill the cancer, but which can be made so they donot attack any other sort of tissue. Two, it can give us taggingcomplexes which stick to the outside of the cancer and make thecancer highly visible to the immune system. And three, it cangive us a complete range of digestive enzymes which are specificfor digesting the cancer and the cancer alone. So this little babynot just kills the disease, it also cleans up after itself!

With use of the tagging system, if the immune system looks atthis fibrillary network of protein stuck ontothe outside of the cancer, it doesn't see can-cer; it sees a bug and it wants to go after thebug. Now, you don't inject the bug; youpurify the protein extract that sticks to thecancer and you inject that. That then sticksto the cancer in the body. The body can thensee it and recognise it because it's taggedwith bacterial, fungal or viral protein.

You and I have no trouble getting rid of acough or a cold in a week or two. We canget rid of cancer: make the cancer look like acough or a cold by sticking cough or coldparticles on it, and the body will attackit, destroy it and remove it.

However, there were instances wherepatients had a regression severalmonths or years after treatment of theirtumours with a tagging complex. Thissuggested that tagging the cancer wasnot the be-all and end-all, that taggingthe cancer cell still didn't cure cancerthe disease. There was another factor atwork.

An interesting observation was madeabout 20 years ago when leukaemiapatients were treated by wiping outtheir bone marrow and then givingthem somebody else's bone marrow. It was found that theleukaemia would invariably recur. And you know how they sayhow cancer comes back? Well, the doctor says: "Sorry, MrJones; it seems that when I was operating on you and I was givingyou the chemo and the radio, one cell spilt, and this one cell hid

and then went all over the place and grew again—just this onecell, the spilt cell." One cell or a few cells get loose and the dis-ease comes back. This may account for some of the cancer recur-rences, but to try to explain all cancer recurrences that way, themedical term for that is "crap"!

What we know from those leukaemia trials is that they wipedout the patient's bone marrow. There was nothing left! Theygave him someone else's bone marrow. Six months later, theleukaemia came back. Now, if it was a leftover cell, then whenyou check that leukaemia cell you should find that it's the same asthe leukaemia you treated before the patient went into remission,true? It should be the same cell come back. However, when theyran DNA checks, they found that not only wasn't it the same cell,

but it belonged to the donor. It was thedonor's bone marrow that had turned intoleukaemia cells!

This finding has been published in theconventional medical literature, and itmeans that cancer the disease is not cancerthe cell. There is something in the body of apatient which regenerates and augmentscancer, the cancer cell. And if you don'taddress that, then you won't get rid of thedisease.

So there I was, with all these littlebottles, cooking up these nemesisorganisms and tagging them, but

something kept showing up over andover and over again which was drivingme nuts. I would incubate the cancerwith another organism—say, an E .c o l i—and I'd find other organismsgrowing when the cancer cells died,that I hadn't put in there. They wouldusually be staphylococcal or strepto-coccal in appearance. Acid-fast bacillisometimes would show up, dependingon what culture medium was used andfor how long I cultured them.

Now this is really interesting. Whatyou notice is what some people would call "pleomorphism" inprogress. A couple of elements would develop these elongatedrodlike structures, and you could actually see a coccal formchanging into a rodlike form. Pleomorphism in action.

I went to my colleagues and said: "Look, why do I keep gettingthese bugs? It's a sterile cancer I'mputting into the bottle, for goodnesssake. I'm incubating with some-thing completely different, andthese bugs keep showing up." Andthey said: "Well, Sam, you knowwhat you're like. You probablysneezed and contaminated thewhole lot!" Then I said: "It's hap-pened over and over and overagain. So it's contamination?""Yes, yes, absolutely."

A hundred years ago, everybodyblamed this contamination as thecause of cancer. I have the litera-ture. There were thousands of arti-cles written on bacteria—bacterial

TABLE 1: CASE STUDIES OF AIDS PATIENTS TREATED WITHINDUCED REMISSION THERAPY

CASE #1 (32-YEAR-OLD MALE)Before entering into therapy: After one week: Viral count 312,000 Viral count 10,000T-helper count 150 T-helper count 650

CASE #2 (49-YEAR-OLD MALE)Before entering into therapy: After one week: Viral count 78,000 Viral count 7,000T-helper count 89 T-helper count 438

You and I have no trouble getting rid of a cough or a cold in

a week or two.

We can get rid of cancer:make the cancer looklike a cough or a cold by sticking cough or cold particles on it, and the body will

attack it, destroy it and remove it.

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and fungal organisms—being the cause of cancer. But, as tech-nology gets more and more advanced, we have to reject what'sobvious; and when we reject what's obvious, the truth becomesvery hard to find.

So how could I prove to these people that these organisms areactually intricately involved in the cancer process or in the AIDSprocess?

The first thing to do is to grow a bunch of them out of somecancer cells, inject them into a few animals and see how manyanimals get cancer—and a lot of them do. Because the bug doesnot kill the animal, the animal develops cancer. In a strange way,it actually appears that developing the cancer makes the animallive longer.

Now, let me warp your minds a little bit here. Believe me,what I'm about to say to you is just a theory, and it has no bearingat all on the efficacy of the therapy, but what if these bugs can'tentice an immune response? They are contained in the middle ofthe cancer; the body is not doing anything to fight them, and yetthey're not spreading. What's containing them? What if cancerisn't really the enemy? What if it's the body's last-chance attemptat getting these bugs and localising them in an area so they don'tspread and kill us in a hurry? What if cancer is actually doing usa favour? Is that why every time we fry a cancer lesion withradiotherapy and chemotherapy, the whole thing then comes backand explodes all over the place because we're actually releasingthe cause from its entrapment? Just a theory!

This therapy at the very least can control the disease, and at bestcan cause dramatic, rapid improvement. There are many cases ofcancer tumour reducing to half its size within a week or two.

For example, fig. 1a shows the mammogram of a breast cancerin a 65-year-old woman. After 10 days of treatment, the breast is

normal (fig. 1b). Fig. 2a shows a case of non-Hodgkin's lym-phoma in a 32-year-old woman. After two weeks of treatment,her lymphoma was considerably reduced in size (fig. 2b).

It's unheard of to be able to do that and not have significant die-off or toxic effects—and yet they don't exist with this treatment.When you follow nature and follow the guidelines of what hap-pens in spontaneous remission, Induced Remission Therapy canachieve cures with minimal side effects.

Ididn't choose the public forum to come here and speak to youtoday. Please understand me: I would much rather beaddressing medical practitioners, peers, and getting this out

not as an alternative therapy but as a conventional therapy. I'vespent 12 years trying to get my research published in the conven-tional literature, and 12 years going from hospital to hospital andbeing treated like something they'd stepped in.

In light of what I read in the paper today—somebody wrote anarticle condemning this conference—it appears that the messagebeing sent by that person is that if the conventional medical estab-lishment in all its holiness doesn't agree with a concept or a thera-py, then the public is just too stupid to be able to understand itfully and evaluate it for themselves. The attitude is that the publicis just so dumb that they shouldn't be given the opportunity. Well,my apologies to the author, but the greatest fool I know is a blindfool who'll say opinions about things he hasn't even botheredexperiencing or investigating himself.

In this "Kevorkian age", as I call it, where people champion theconcept of death with dignity when faced with suffering, pain anddisease, I'm offering a technology that can end suffering, pain anddisease; and I pray that the emphasis will shift now from trying tosupport death with dignity to championing life with dignity.

Fig. 3a: Electron microscope photograph shows the fragmenting cell full of HIV particles.

Fig. 3b: Photograph shows the same cell three days later.

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INDUCED REMISSION THERAPY: 1998 UPDATE

After years of lectures, presentations to peers and publicappearances as well as numerous radio, television, news-paper and magazine appearances, I find that conventional

medicine still has little awareness of the efficacy of my thera-pies—as evidenced, for example, in the advances achieved usingIRT in AIDS remission (see table 1).

Any doctor can make amazing claims, but independent, unbi-ased testing is a credible way to determine the efficacy of a treat-ment. It would not only document the effectiveness of my vac-cines but would also stir interest in any promising new therapy.

So I brought case studies of AIDS patients I'd treated to CedarSinai Medical Center for evaluation. Dr Shlomo Melmed wasimpressed with the results, and at his suggestion I sent samples ofmy vaccine to the AIDS and Immune Disorders Center's Divisionof Infectious Diseases for in vitro analysis. The clinical analysisperformed by Dr Eric Daar indicated that out of the 22 samplestested, 20 of them showed 99% efficacy in neutralising HIV-1.

This analysis was followed up with an independent evaluationby University of Southern California clinical laboratories. Thisinvolved the electron microscopy of blood samples taken by acontrol group infected with HIV. This group yielded over 100photos that demonstrate the attack, death, disintegration and purgeof the HIV virus. The PhD who conducted this test remarked that"the number of intact viral particles has declined for each patientfollowing vaccine administration at a level approximating 50%".

Examples of this progression from attack to purge are shown infigures 3a to 3d. The first electron microscope photograph (fig.3a) shows the fragmenting cell full of HIV particles. The nextphoto (fig. 3b) shows the cell three days later, with improved sta-bility and decreased viral particle count. The third photo (fig. 3c)was taken six days after vaccine treatment and shows fewer viral

particles per cell. The final photo (fig. 3d), taken nine days aftertherapy, shows no intracellular viral particles and the now-visiblecell nucleus.

This evidence from the cellular level demonstrates that AIDSand cancer can be attacked genetically without causing significantdamage to the healthy, fast-multiplying cells needed to maintain ahealthy life.

You'd think that the media, the medical community and oth-ers would be alerted to the fantastic results of this treat-ment.

It's hard to imagine that institutes entrusted with the public faithand public funds to discover and research new therapies woulddelay the application of life-saving technology and treatments. Itwas my hope that knowledge of IRT would be disseminated andthe FDA would allow the practice of this therapy upon the count-less AIDS and cancer victims who had little hope otherwise. Butthese doctors and medical institutes denied having any affiliationwith me. They denied the impressive test data and even deniedknowing me—until forced to declare otherwise before a judge in acivil legal action in San Diego, CA (case no. 700406). It wastheir incomprehensible behaviour that led me to bring a lawsuit, iffor no other reason than to make these test results a record of thecourt, but I had to pursue these medical organisations so as tohave access to further laboratory evidence.

We tend to worship our doctors as gods who will save us fromdiseases. If these false gods let us down, is it not time to takeback responsibility for our lives and well-being? As the publicbegins to learn of this promising healing technology, IRT, theydemand to know why it is being withheld.

Continued on page 87

Fig. 3c: Photo taken six days after vaccine treatment shows fewer viral particles per cell.

Fig. 3d: Photograph taken nine days after therapy shows no intracellularviral particles and the now-visible cell nucleus.

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In the early 1970s, a shameful chapter closed on the widespread use of a known car-cinogenic and endocrine-disrupting drug called DES (diethylstilboestrol), the firstsynthetic, non-steroidal oestrogen drug. Against the advice of its creator, Sir CharlesDodd, between four and six million American and European women and 10,000

Australian women innocently used DES for the prevention of miscarriage and pregnancycomplications.

In addition, DES became a popular though unproven drug for a variety of other condi-tions. It was used for the suppression of lactation, the treatment of acne, the treatment ofcertain types of breast and prostatic cancer, and as an inhibitor of growth in young girls,an oestrogen replacement in menopause and a "morning after" pill.

It would take 30 years to accept what laboratory tests had indicated as early as 1938—that DES was a highly dangerous and harmful drug. It was reported that, 20 years aftertaking DES, mothers had a 40 to 50 per cent greater risk of breast cancer than non-exposed mothers. In addition, the children of DES mothers showed a high incidence ofreproductive abnormalities, miscarriages, vaginal cancer, testicular cancer, sterility andimmune dysfunction. In fact, it is feared that repercussions of this drug will be felt forgenerations to come.

The irony of this entire debacle is that the medical establishment finally acknowledgedthat DES was useless in preventing miscarriages. Thus, DES, another disastrous experi-ment on women, was added to the long list of major medical blunders.

Out of this early research, a new drug appeared on the horizon which would be soon beheralded as a shining star in the war against the growing epidemic of breast cancer. In thelate 1960s the pharmaceutical industry developed a drug called "tamoxifen". As a syn-thetic, non-steroidal compound with hormone-like effects (many of which are poorlyunderstood), tamoxifen has a similar structure to DES. In fact, it was observed thattamoxifen caused the same abnormal changes seen in cells of women taking oestradioland DES.1 This similarity raised alarm bells for some.

Pierre Blais, well known as a drug researcher who was ejected from Canada's healthprotection bureaucracy when he spoke out about silicone breast implants, describes thestory of tamoxifen as "the story of modern drug design which produces garbage drugs".He says, "Good drug design ceased, unfortunately, in the 1930s." Tamoxifen, Blaisasserts, "...is a garbage drug that made it to the top of the scrap heap. It is a DES in themaking."2

Blais's dire predictions were ignored with the promise of a potential drug treatment forbreast cancer. Tamoxifen was first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA) for use as a birth-control pill; however, it proved to induce rather than inhibit ovu-lation. Although tamoxifen didn't work as a contraceptive, it was found to lower mamma-ry cancer rates in animals. Animal studies showed that tamoxifen prevented oestrogenfrom binding to receptor sites on breast tissue cells. Tamoxifen also reduced the inci-dence of breast cancer in rodents after administration of a breast-carcinogenic substance.This discovery provided the impetus to study its effects in treating human breast cancer.

Oestrogen is the common link between most breast cancer risk factors, i.e., genetic,reproductive, dietary, lifestyle and environmental. It both stimulates the division of breastcells (healthy as well as cancerous) and, especially in its 'bad' form, increases the risk ofbreast cancer. Thus, hormonal drugs such as tamoxifen that block the effects of oestrogenon the breast were expected to reduce the risk of breast cancer recurring in women treatedfor breast cancer.3

Tamoxifen acts as a weak oestrogen by competing for oestrogen receptors much as

Once praised for itsbenefits in

preventing breastcancer recurrence,

the lucrativepharmaceutical

drug tamoxifen isnow implicated incausing dangerous

side-effectsincluding other

types of cancers.

by Sherrill Sellman © 1998

Light Unlimited ProductionsLocked Bag 8000-MDC

Kew, Victoria 3101, AustraliaTelephone: +61 (0)3 9249 9591

Fax: +61(0)3 9855 9991 E-mail: [email protected]

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44 • NEXUS JUNE - JULY 1998

phyto-oestrogens do. Like phyto-oestrogens, tamoxifen has mildoestrogenic properties but is considered an anti-oestrogen since itinhibits the activity of regular oestrogens. More accurately,tamoxifen is an oestrogen-blocker. It fights breast cancer by com-peting with oestrogen for space on oestrogen receptors in thetumour tissue. Every tamoxifen molecule that hooks onto anoestrogen receptor prevents an oestrogen molecule from linkingup at the same site. Without a steady supply of oestrogen, cells inan oestrogen-receptor-positive (ER+) tumour do not thrive and thetumour's ability to spread is reduced.4

However, tamoxifen exhibited two conflicting characteristics.It could act either as an anti-oestrogen or as an oestrogen.Therefore, while tamoxifen is anti-oestrogenic to the breast, italso acts as an oestrogen to the uterus and, to a lesser extent, theheart, blood vessels and bone. So, although it initially showed thetendency to counter breast cancerrecurrence, it would soon be revealedthat it also promoted particularlyaggressive uterine and liver cancers,caused fatal blood clots and interferedwith many other functions.

Doctors, however, were quick tojump on the tamoxifen bandwagon,turning a blind eye to its more injuri-ous tendencies. Starting in the 1970soncologists began using tamoxifen totreat women with cancer, often in com-bination with other drugs, radiation orsurgery such as lumpectomy and mas-tectomy, with modest success. LikeDES, tamoxifen's benefits were thenextended for use as a preventive against osteoporosis and heartdisease.

Today, doctors are treating about one million American breastcancer patients with tamoxifen, about 20 per cent of them formore than five years. As studies published in the New EnglandJournal of Medicine in 1989 and the Journal of the NationalCancer Institute in 1992 showed, women with breast cancer whotook tamoxifen reduced their chances of developing cancer in theother breast (counterlateral cancer) by about 30 to 50 per cent. 5

These findings would later be challenged. Tamoxifen is now recommended for all premenopausal women

with hormone-positive cancers, as well as for most post-menopausal women with breast cancer and/or a growing numberof women with hormone-negative cancers. Tamoxifen is current-ly used by more women with breast cancer than any other drug.6

Tamoxifen (brand name Nolvadex) is now the most widely pre-scribed cancer medication in the world. It generated revenues ofUS$265 million in 1992. By 1995, worldwide sales of Nolvadexreached $400 million.7 And at AUD$90 for one month's supply, itdoesn't come cheap (the Australian Pharmaceutical BenefitsScheme covers $70).

Tamoxifen was developed by UK-based Imperial ChemicalIndustries (ICI), one of the world's largest multinational chemicalcorporations. Zeneca, an ICI subsidiary, is responsible for manu-

facturing and marketing the hormoneand is now the world's largest can-cer-drug company.

It is no surprise that ICI's profitscome from playing both sides of thecancer industry. ICI's agrochemicaldivision, which includes Zeneca,manufactures chlorinated and otherindustrial chemicals including her-bicides. All are poisonous, andmany are known endocrine-disrup-tors that have been incriminated ascauses of breast cancer. ICI's prof-its swell by manufacturing chemi-cals that on the one hand c a u s ebreast cancer, and on the other hand

reputedly cure breast cancer.

LIMITED BENEFITS OF TAMOXIFENTamoxifen 's benefits are determined by several factors:8

• Postmenopausal women who are ER-positive (have a positiveoestrogen receptor status) get the most benefit.

• For postmenopausal women who are ER-negative, the benefitsappear to outweigh the risks.

• For premenopausal women who are ER-positive, it's a toughcall. Potential benefits are small.

• Premenopausal women who are ER-negative receive virtually no benefit.

• Tamoxifen is more effective in womenwho have cancer in their lymph nodes thanin those whose nodes are cancer-free.

In 1992 the Lancet published a reviewof a number of studies in which a total of30,000 breast cancer patients were ran-domly assigned either to take tamoxifen ornot. The average patient in this collabora-tive study was followed up for betweenfive and six years. Of the patients takingtamoxifen, 74.4 per cent survived, as com-pared with 70.9 per cent in the non-tamox-ifen group—a less-than-impressiveimprovement.

The report found that the group helpedmost consisted of postmenopausal womenwith ER-positive status. The study wenton to report that premenopausal womenwho are ER-negative had absolutely nobenefit from taking tamoxifen.9

Like phyto-oestrogens, tamoxifenhas mild oestrogenic properties

but is considered an anti-oestrogen since it inhibits theactivity of regular oestrogens.More accurately, tamoxifen is

an oestrogen-blocker.

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JUNE - JULY 1998 NEXUS • 45

Despite tamoxifen's proven ability to reduce breast cancerrecurrence in postmenopausal women, major studies have shownthat tamoxifen reduces death from breast cancer only marginally.10

The majority of women who take tamoxifen live no longer thanwomen who do not take it.1 1 Furthermore, some breast cancerslearn how to use tamoxifen to stimulate their growth.

The benefits of tamoxifen are limited. Virtually all women whotake it become resistant within five years.12 A recent randomised,controlled study showed that tamoxifen reached its maximum pro-tective effect on breast tissue with women who took it for fiveyears. Taking it for five more years didn't offer any more protec-tion, and may actually have caused more cancers. In other words,after a while the breast cells become resistant to tamoxifen andactually start to be fed by it.13

This result surprised the researchers. According to Dr SusanLove, author of Dr Susan Love's Hormone Book: "This is a dra-matic example of why you need good, long-term studies. If wehad based all of our recommendations on the five-year data with-out doing further studies, we would have had women takingtamoxifen forever. So convinced were wethat tamoxifen was a wonder drug that theonly reason researchers did the later study atall was to prove it wrong. Luckily, we foundout that we were wrong in time to preventdoing further damage. We have learned, notfor the first time, that more isn't always bet-ter."14

TAMOXIFEN'S DARK SIDE While the initial findings of tamoxifen's

role in breast cancer treatment seemed sopromising, as with so many of the synthetichormone drugs, further research presentedgrave concerns for its widespread use.In fact, the MIMS Annual lists 25adverse reactions to tamoxifen; some ofthese can be fatal.

Menopausal Symptoms Tamoxifen often induces menopausal

symptoms in menstruating women.About half of these women experiencehot flushes. Fluid retention and weightgain occur in about 25 per cent ofwomen and can be controlled by reduc-ing the dose. Vaginal discharge andvaginal atrophy are additional symp-toms. Some studies have also foundthat premenopausal users are at risk of developing acceleratedbone-mineral loss and osteoporosis.

Menstrual irregularities also occur in premenopausal women.Amenorrhoea (absence of the menstrual cycle) often results andcan be permanent.

Eye Damage According to a 1978 study in Cancer Treatment Reports a n d

another published in Cancer in 1992, about six per cent of womentaking even low-dose tamoxifen suffer damage to the retina andcorneal opacities and decreased visual acuity. Irreversible cornealand retinal changes can occur in those taking 20 mg of tamoxifentwice a day (twice the usual dose). These changes may have noimmediate effect on visual acuity, but may predispose the eyes tolater problems including cataracts.

Blood ClotsTamoxifen irritates the walls of the veins, and inflammation (a

natural healing response to irritation) follows. The constant irrita-tion and inflammation weakens the veins, causing bleeding, clot-ting, thrombophlebitis and, in the worst cases, obstruction of theblood vessels serving the lungs, which can be deadly and canoccur with little warning. The incidence of thrombophlebitis inwomen using oral contraceptives is generally regarded as signifi-cant (1 in 2,000); however, with tamoxifen it's 30 times greater.15

Several studies, including one reported to the FDA'sOncological Drugs Advisory Committee by the National SurgicalAdjuvant Breast and Bowel Project in 1991, showed that the riskof developing life-threatening blood clots increases about seventimes in women taking tamoxifen.16

Psychological SymptomsDepression has been reported as a potential side-effect of

tamoxifen in 30 per cent of women. Cases have been reported ofan inability to concentrate.

It is important that patients observe theirmoods and mental states. If it is suspectedthat tamoxifen is causing depression or lackof concentration, it is suggested that a peri-od of tamoxifen avoidance be considered.

Other Symptoms Tamoxifen can trigger asthma attacks in

some sensitive patients. Changes to the vocal cords resulting in

impairment of singing and speaking abilitiesare occasionally caused by tamoxifen.

CARCINOGENENIC EFFECTS It wasn't long before laboratory stud-

ies showed that tamoxifen acted as acarcinogen. It has been found thattamoxifen binds tightly and irre-versibly to DNA, the genetic blueprintof a cell, causing a cancerous mutationto take place. Even Australia's conser-vative National Health and MedicalResearch Council (NHMRC) warnedthat no amount of tamoxifen is safewhen it comes to carcinogenic effects.

In California there is a law called"Proposition 65" that requires the stateto publish and maintain a list of allknown carcinogens. In May 1995, the

state's Carcinogen Identification Committee voted unanimously toadd tamoxifen to its list.

Following suit, in 1996 the World Health Organization formallydesignated tamoxifen a human carcinogen, grouping it with 70other chemicals—about one quarter of them pharmaceuticals—that have received this dubious distinction.

Liver Cancer and Liver DiseaseTamoxifen is toxic to the liver, and there have been reports of

acute hepatitis in patients treated with tamoxifen. Liver damagehas occurred in every animal given tamoxifen. According to GaryWilliams, medical director of the American Heart Foundation,tamoxifen has been shown in animal studies to be a "rip-roaring"liver carcinogen, inducing highly aggressive cancers in about 12per cent of rats.17

In California there is a law called

"Proposition 65" that requires the state

to publish and maintain a list of all known

carcinogens.

In May 1995, the state'sCarcinogen Identification

Committee votedunanimously to addtamoxifen to its list.

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46 • NEXUS JUNE - JULY 1998

The latest human studies show a sixfold increase in liver canceramong women taking tamoxifen for more than two years.18 Liverfailure and tamoxifen-induced hepatitis, although rare, have beenreported. Even Zeneca admits that tamoxifen is a liver carcino-gen—while nevertheless aggressively promoting its use.

Uterine (Endometrial) CancerAs early as 1967, ICI scientists noted that "tamoxifen persists

for some days in the uterus". In rats, a tamoxifen metabolite (abreakdown compound almost similar in structure to the original)was found to influence the uterus to be more receptive to oestro-gen. (The more oestrogen, the greater the chance of unnaturalcell-division leading to cancer.) ICI also reported liver carcino-genicity of tamoxifen as well as both ovarian and testiculartumours in mice in its description of the drug in the standardPhysicians Desk Reference.

Uterine growths such as polyps, tumours,endometrial thickenings and cancers occurin a significant number of women takingtamoxifen. One study detected abnormalendometrial cells in subjects the day afterthe first tablet was taken. 1 9 P r e c a n c e r o u suterine and endometrial changes were seenin 10 per cent of the women taking tamox-ifen in a recent study. The higher the doseof tamoxifen and the longer it is taken, thegreater the risk of changes. Women takingthe standard dose of 20 mg for two years runa risk of uterine cancer that is 2 to 3 timesgreater than normal. After five years, therisk is 6 to 8 times greater.20

In February 1996 a review by theInternational Agency for Research onCancer, composed of scientists fromvarious countries, definitively conclud-ed that "there is sufficient evidence toregard tamoxifen as a human carcino-gen that increases a woman's risk ofdeveloping cancer of the endometrium,the inner lining of the uterus".21

A large Swedish study linkingtamoxifen to uterine cancer forcedZeneca to send letters in April 1994 to380,000 physicians across the USA, indefence of the drug. The Swedishresearchers had studied 1,371 breast cancer patients who took 40mg per day for two to five years and found that there was a six-fold increase in uterine cancer among those patients who tooktamoxifen when compared to 1,327 who did not. A second studyinvolving patients who took 20 mg per day (the recommendeddose) also showed a marked increase in uterine cancers comparedwith the control group.22

When the news came out that breast cancer patients who tooktamoxifen for five years or longer (the same regimen that seemsto prevent recurrence) might have tripled their risk of uterine can-cer, British cancer researcher Richard Peto, head of the cancerresearch unit at Oxford University, sought to dismiss it. If caughtearly, he said, endometrial cancer seldom kills, so "it's no bigdeal". That statement infuriated critics who noted that the treat-ment for uterine cancer is hysterectomy. Dr Adriane Fugh-Berman, a leading women's health activist, angrily responded:"To some of us, it is a big deal to lose your uterus."

Shortly after Peto's flip dismissal of uterine cancers, researchers

at the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center at Houston and at YaleUniversity School of Medicine discovered that breast cancerpatients who develop uterine cancer while using tamoxifen arelikely to have a fast-moving, lethal form of the disease.23

It should be noted that tamoxifen has also been associated withgastrointestinal cancers.

Breast Cancer The premise for taking tamoxifen is its supposed role in pro-

tecting breast cancer patients from recurrence of the cancer. Itwas further postulated that it prevented breast cancer from occur-ring in the opposite breast (contralateral).

However, disturbing findings continue to surface, challengingtamoxifen's effectiveness. In 1992 the New England Journal ofM e d i c i n e showed that tamoxifen may reduce the incidence of

contralateral cancer, but this was demonstrat-ed only in premenopausal women and only inthree out of eight trials. In another 1992study, reported in Octa Oncologica, it wasshown that tamoxifen not only failed toreduce contralateral cancers in pre-menopausal women, but it actually increasedtheir incidence.24

The irony of tamoxifen is that, while wide-ly publicised as the leading treatment againstthe recurrence of breast cancer, it is a knownand listed carcinogenic substance.

Heart Disease and Osteoporosis Another promise of tamoxifen was its sup-

posed protective benefits for the heartand bones. It was theorised that itsoestrogenic properties would helpreduce heart disease and osteoporosis inwomen, but once again the theorycrumbled under the weight of hardfacts.

Several trials with tamoxifen failed toshow that it has any effect on bone den-sity and thus on prevention of osteo-porosis. In three other trials, bone den-sity increased slightly in lower spinalvertebrae but not in longer bones or hipbones which are particularly susceptibleto fractures and potentially fatal com-

plications. Initial data seemed to indicate that it decreased the incidence of

heart attacks, but they have been disproved by more recent stud-ies. According to Dr Susan Love: "It doesn't seem to have a badeffect on lipids, but that's a far cry from preventing heart attacks."

A detailed review of the drug's alleged protective cardiovascu-lar effects prompted the British National Heart, Lung and BloodInstitute, a once strong proponent of tamoxifen, to withdraw itssupport because the evidence of benefit proved so inadequate.25

According to the January 1996 issue of The Network News, itwas reported at a closed-door meeting of the National CancerInstitute that tamoxifen failed to prevent heart disease in breastcancer patients.

THE BREAST CANCER PREVENTION TRIAL Based far more on wishful thinking than on science, the US

National Cancer Institute (NCI) leaped to the conclusion thattamoxifen's anti-oestrogenic effects in relation to breast cancer

Uterine growths such aspolyps, tumours,

endometrial thickeningsand cancers occur in asignificant number of

women taking tamoxifen.

One study detectedabnormal endometrial

cells in subjects the dayafter the first tablet

was taken.

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JUNE - JULY 1998 NEXUS • 47

treatment meant that the drug would prevent breast cancer fromdeveloping in healthy women.

Disregarding all the research implicating tamoxifen with seri-ous and potentially fatal side-effects, the NCI launched a US$60million breast cancer prevention trial in April 1992, aiming torecruit 16,000 healthy women in the United States, Europe,Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Still ongoing, the trial nowinvolves 13,000 healthy women over the age of 35 who are con-sidered at high risk. Australia has recruited 1,350 women, with atarget of 2,500. For five years, half the women receive tamoxifenand half receive a placebo. The drug is supplied free of charge bymanufacturer Zeneca.

Dr Samuel Epstein, Professor of Occupational andEnvironmental Medicine at theUniversity of Illinois School of PublicHealth and author of The BreastCancer Prevention Program , raisesserious concerns. "Unfortunately, thismisguided and dangerous approach toprevention stems from the entrenchedfixation of the NCI on the use ofchemical drugs to prevent cancerwhich may have been induced bychemical pollutants, medical technolo-gy (such as radiation from X-rays) andcarcinogenic/oestrogenic drugs in thefirst place. Instead of attempting toreduce the carcinogenic chemical bur-den under which we struggle to main-tain our health, the NCI believes that the solution is to add morechemicals to the mix."

Dr Susan Love concurs: "It is a sad state of affairs when wehave to add yet more chemicals to counteract the effects of otherchemicals."

This attitude extends to the way the NCI treats the women inthe trial. They are given no guidance on alternative protectivemeasures such as increasing exercise, maintaining a healthyweight, eating a protective diet and avoiding exposure to environ-mental carcinogens; nor are they being fully informed about theserious risks of tamoxifen.

Dr Lynette Dumble, Senior Research Fellow in History andPhilosophy of Science at the University ofMelbourne, believes that the global trial toprevent breast cancer with tamoxifen is amodern and very large chapter of "medicalimperialism". Back in October 1994 shecommented on ABC TV's Q u a n t u m s c i-ence program that the tamoxifen trial wasthe medical equivalent of mutilatingsurgery which prevents a woman fromdeveloping breast cancer by cutting offboth her breasts.

Dr Dumble sees women as vulnerableguinea pigs for the trial, and questionsboth the breast cancer risk of healthywomen volunteering for the trial (how canyou tell whether fate or tamoxifen preventsa woman from developing breast cancer?)and the terms of the trial's positives andnegatives (if a woman dies of tamoxifen-related endometrial or liver cancer, doesthis count as a tamoxifen success in pre-venting breast cancer?).

It seems absurd, but why would the powers-that-be continue topromote a trial that promises to substitute one cancer for anotherin otherwise healthy women? Once again, healthy women are tar-geted as the guinea pigs for a drug treatment that has already beenproven to be a cause of a variety of cancers including breast can-cer. In the case of tamoxifen, medical research has once againtaken a back seat to profits. It is the population that is at risk.The cancer establishment would certainly be eager to prove atamoxifen-prevention role, since it would then open up anotherhuge, billion-dollar market.

ALTERNATIVES TO TAMOXIFEN While the cancer establishment continues to invest vast

amounts of money into research,manufacturing and trialling ofharmful drugs for the preventionand hopeful cure of breast cancer,there are safer and more effectiveoptions that already exist.

Oestriol, one of the oestrogensproduced by the ovaries, is consid-ered a safe oestrogen in that it hasbeen shown to inhibit breast cancer.Dr Henry Lemon and his colleaguesconducted a study in women whoalready had breast cancer that hadspread to other areas of the body.One group was given oestriol andanother not. At the end of the

study, 37 per cent of those women who received oestriol hadeither a remission or an arrest of their cancer.26 Might not oestriol,a natural, safe hormone with almost no side-effects, be able toaccomplish what tamoxifen does but without the toxic side-effects?

There is also convincing evidence that natural progesterone hasan important role in breast cancer treatment and prevention. Astudy conducted in 1981 at Johns Hopkins University revealedthat when a group with a low progesterone level was comparedwith a normal-level progesterone group, it was found that theoccurrence of breast cancer was 5.4 times greater in the women inthe low progesterone group. That is, the incidence of breast can-

Once again, healthy women aretargeted as the guinea pigs for adrug treatment that has alreadybeen proven to be a cause of a

variety of cancers including breast cancer.

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48 • NEXUS JUNE - JULY 1998

cer in the low progesterone group was over 80 per cent greaterthan in the normal progesterone group. When the researcherslooked at the low progesterone group for all types of cancer, theyfound that these women experienced a tenfold increase in allmalignant cancers, compared to the normal group.

In a 1995 study published in the Journal of Fertility andS t e r i l i t y, researchers found that women using a topical proges-terone cream had dramatically reduced breast cell multiplicationrates compared to women using either a placebo or oestrogen.This exciting study demonstrated thatnatural progesterone creams impres-sively decreased breast cell prolifera-tion rates.27

Lifestyle factors also play a signifi-cant role. In a prospective study of25,624 Norwegian women aged 20 to54, after an average of 14 years offollow-up the investigators foundstrong evidence that everyday exer-cise, both at work and at leisure,reduced the breast cancer risk.Women who exercised at least fourhours a week during leisure timewere found to have a 37 per centreduction in risk of breast cancer, com-pared with sedentary women. The study found that the more timespent exercising, the lower the breast cancer risk.28

As Dr John Lee pointed out in his best-selling book, W h a tDoctors May Not Tell You About Menopause: "Herbs and foodcontain phyto-oestrogens. Their benefit parallels that of tamox-ifen (without the adverse side-effects) in that phyto-oestrogensoccupy oestrogen receptors and are less oestrogenic than thosemade by the body. Since it is now known that reducing caloric

intake reduces oestrogen levels, and recent studies find 46 percent less breast cancer among women consuming more fruit andvegetables, it would seem that women interested in preventingbreast cancer could make modest changes in diet and derive betterand certainly safer results."29

History continues to repeat itself. Time and time again womenhave been reassured that the wonder drugs or treatments offeredthem would be their salvation, only to discover they were exposedto harmful carcinogenic and mutagenic chemicals.

In addition to the DES debacle, thedisasters of thalidomide, siliconebreast implants, oestrogen replace-ment therapy and now tamoxifen (toname just a few) continue to demon-strate how readily women's lives havebeen sacrificed in the pursuit of prof-its. The warnings have been drownedout by the glossy advertising cam-paigns and the reassurances of "med-ical experts".

There are solutions to the breastcancer epidemic. However, they willbe found more by altering lifestyle,dietary and stress factors, and reduc-ing or eliminating exposure to the

many known toxic, carcinogenic chemicals that are polluting theenvironment, than by some miraculous drug discovery. It is alsoup to women not only to continue to become fully educated aboutsafe health options but to demand them from health providers.Too many women have already been maimed and sacrificed tounproven and unsafe drug treatments.

It is widely believed that today's drugs are tomorrow's poisons.In the case of tamoxifen, tomorrow has already arrived. ∞

Endnotes1. Weed, Susun S., Breast Cancer? BreastHealth!, Ash Tree Publishing, Woodstock,New York, 1996, p. 203.2. Batt, Sharon, Patient No More: ThePolitics of Breast Cancer, Spinifex Press,Melbourne, Australia, 1994, p. 118.3. Epstein, Samuel S., MD, Steinman,David, LeVert, Suzanne, The Breast CancerPrevention Program, Macmillan, NewYork, 1997, p. 145.4. Rinzler, Carol Ann, Estrogen and BreastCancer, Hunter House, California, 1996,pp. 148-49.5. Epstein, ibid., p. 146.6. Weed, ibid., p. 201.7. Clorfene-Casten, Liane, Breast Cancer:Poisons, Profits and Prevention, CommonCourage Press, Maine, USA, 1996, p. 93.8. Austin, Steve, ND, Hitchcock, Cathy,Breast Cancer: What You Should Know(But May Not Be Told) About Prevention,Diagnosis and Treatment, PrimaPublishing, Rocklion, CA, 1994, p. 102.9. Early Breast Cancer Trials CollaborativeGroup, "Systemic treatment of early breastcancer by hormonal, cytotoxic or immunetherapy", The Lancet (1992) 339, pp. 1-15,

71-85.10. De Gregorio, M. and Wibe, V.,Tamoxifen and Breast Cancer, YaleUniversity, USA, 1994.11. Batt, ibid., p. 125.12. De Gregorio and Wibe, op. cit. 13. Love, Susan, MD, Dr Susan Love'sHormone Book, Random House, New York,1997, p. 264.14. Ibid., pp. 264-65.15. Weed, ibid., p. 204.16. Epstein, ibid., p. 149.17. Ibid. 18. Weed, ibid., p. 205.19. Adler, T., "Study reaffirms tamoxifen'sdark side", Science News, June 4, 1994, p.356.20. "Studies spark tamoxifen controversy",Science News, February 26, 1994, p. 133.21. Nesmeth, Jeff, "Breast Cancer DrugIncreases Risk", The Atlanta Journal/TheAtlanta Constitution, February 22, 1996.22. Clorfene-Casten, ibid., p. 89.23. Rinzler, ibid., p. 152.24. Epstein, ibid., p. 146.25. Ibid., p. 148.26. Northrup, Christiane, MD, Women'sBodies, Women's Wisdom, Bantam Books,

New York, 1996, p. 158.27. Sellman, Sherrill, Hormone Heresy:What Women MUST Know About TheirHormones, GetWell International, USA,1997, pp. 107-108.28. Thune, Inger, MD et al., New EnglandJournal of Medicine, May 1, 1997.29. Lee, John R., MD, What Doctors MayNot Tell You About Menopause, WarnerBooks, New York, 1996, p. 220.

About the Author:Sherrill Sellman, psychotherapist, lec-turer, writer on women's health issuesand author of the best-selling book,Hormone Heresy: What Women MUSTKnow About Their Hormones, is com-mitted to providing women with themost accurate health informationenabling them to make safe, effectiveand informed choices. Sherrill lectureswidely throughout Australia and inter-nationally. She can be contacted atLight Unlimited, Locked Bag 8000-MDC, Kew, Victoria 3101; phone (03)9840 6496, fax (03) 9855 9991; [email protected].

It is widely believed that today'sdrugs are tomorrow's poisons.

In the case of tamoxifen,tomorrow has already arrived.

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JUNE - JULY 1998 NEXUS • 49

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JUNE - JULY 1998 NEXUS • 51

UNLIMITED RECYCLING OF HEAT ENERGY

by Martin Gottschall, PhD © 1998

This paper gives a brief description ofa device which the author believescan convert heat into electrical ener-

gy in an unlimited way. The conversion of heat into mechanical,

electrical and other forms of energy hasbeen found to be governed by certain limi-tations which have been embodied in whatis now known as the Second Law ofThermodynamics. It is generally held thatall possible processes that convert heat toother forms of energy are subject to thislaw, although not all of them have yet beentested.

Over the decades, many inventions havebeen put forward for which it has beenclaimed or implied that the second lawdoes not apply. In many cases the inven-tors unknowingly used the very processeson which this law is based, and so theirinventions had to fail.

James Clerk Maxwell contributed to ourunderstanding of heat, and must havereflected on the inner workings of the sec-ond law because he invented what we nowcall "Maxwell's demon", an imaginary enti-ty which can sort the molecules of a gasinto a high- and a low-energy collection,thereby overcoming the secondlaw by creating a hot and coolgas body without expending asignificant amount of energy.

Maxwell's solution was on theatomic and molecular scale.With the development of quan-tum theory in the first third ofthis century, scientists found thatMaxwell's demon would needenergy to do his sorting after all,because he needed energy (light)by which to see, and this energyexpended could exceed the gainsachieved. Thus it seemed thatthe second law had triumphed onthe molecular scale as well.

In the author's view, this con-clusion might have been a touchhasty. We do not have to operate

on the molecular scale, the scale of one-tenth of a nanometre. If we go about 100times higher, to a scale of about 10nanometres (nm), the quantum restriction is100 times weaker—and Maxwell's demonis there, waiting to be put to use.

The principles on which this proposal isbased were discovered by the author inabout 1960. A paper based on these wassubmitted to the journal N a t u r e in 1972.At the same time, about 20 copies withaccompanying letters were sent to a selec-tion of national embassies. The writerbelieved that the proposal had a goodchance of being practical, and governmentsshould be forewarned so that the new tech-nology could be brought into use withoutundue dislocation and so that existing ener-gy technologies could be adapted. Thesubmission was rejected, and the technolo-gy has clearly not yet come into public use.

Since 1972 there has been much progressin small-scale technology, particularly inwhat we call "nanotechnology". Perhapsthis time, people with the necessary skillsand resources will recognise the potentialin this device and commit themselves to itsdevelopment.

ELECTROSTATIC GENERATORThe device works with heat energy on a

scale of about 10 nm, and the "demon" is

"contact potential". Metals are a class ofsubstance in which the naturally occurringcharges (electrons) that surround everyatom are free to move about within the sub-stance. This makes metals electrical con-ductors. Non-metals have their electronsbound to atoms or molecules, and theyexhibit little or no electrical conductivity.

Although electrons may move freelywithin a metal, they cannot readily escapeinto the space around the metal. For eachmetal, a certain amount of energy is neededto lift the electron into the surroundingspace. Different metals require differentamounts of energy for this. When two dif-ferent metals touch, the metal having thegreater attraction for electrons will attractelectrons from the other metal and becomenegatively charged, and the voltage associ-ated with this charge eventually stops theflow of electrons. This voltage is known asthe "contact potential" of that metal pair.

Figure 1 shows an electrostatic generatorbased on contact potential. Small metalballs are confined to the space between twometal plates A and B. When the ballstouch plate A, they acquire one excesselectron because of contact potential.When they touch plate B, they give up anyexcess electrons they may possess, as wellas one extra electron—which leaves themelectron-deficient or positively charged. If

S C I E N C E

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we were to shake this device up and down,causing the balls to bounce between theplates, electrons would be transported fromplate A to plate B. These electrons couldbe allowed to return through an externalcircuit and do work. We can regard thisdevice as an electrostatic generator.

THERMAL CONVERTERThe electrostatic generator can become a

thermal converter if we cause heat to do theshaking about of the balls. Heat energy isconstantly trying to shake the balls. Theenergy available for this is proportional tothe absolute temperature, T, and is calculat-ed with the constant, k (Boltzmann's con-stant). When the balls are small enough,their agitation by heat energy fluctuationscan make them bounce back and forthbetween the plates. At a diameter of 10nm, the thermal activation of the balls issufficient, and we have the possibility of athermal converter producing a spontaneousflow of current as long as the temperatureis maintained.

A possible thermal converter operating atambient temperature is shown in figure 2.It differs from figure 1 in that its scale isnow defined and the plates are coated witha thin layer of insulating material. Onewould think that this insulator would stopthe electric charging process, but if thelayer is thin enough then electrons can 'tun-nel' through often enough to allow the con-

verter to operate as intended. The mainfunction of the insulator is to reduce theelectric force holding the charged ball tothe plate. Heat energy does not kick justthe balls around, it also kicks electronsaround. As a consequence of the thermalactivation of electrons, the charge on theballs may be neutralised or even reversed.When the polarity of electric charges isreversed, we have an internal leakage cur-rent which can reduce or even stop the cur-rent in the external circuit. Fortunately,careful calculation shows that under certainconditions the cell can generate power.

If the cell generated any power at all,however little, it would mean that the sec-ond law is not a universal law after all, andthat there probably exist other methodswhich also work and are of practical value.Fortunately, the thermal converter can gen-erate enough power to be of very greatpractical interest. With development, it canonly get better.

One such improvement is the suppres-sion or elimination of the internal leakagecurrent. Figure 3 shows a version of theconverter in which the layers of insulatingmaterial are replaced with semiconductormaterial which can still perform the insula-tor's function. Plate A is coated with n-type semiconductor, and the balls can getelectrons readily enough but can give upelectrons only with great difficulty. The p-type semiconductor on plate B acts in

reverse, and the cell now behaves like adiode with respect to the balls. Please notethat the original analysis takes full accountof the thermal activation of charges, andthe claim that the converter works does notrely on this diode action.

Other improvements relate to the mass ofthe balls. By using hollow shells, theirmass can be greatly reduced (we cannotmake them smaller), which increases theirspeed and hence power output. The powerof this device increases rapidly if the tem-perature at which heat is available is raised.Elevated temperature allows us to reducethe size and mass of the balls, and hence alarger number of balls per unit area movebetween more closely spaced plates atgreater speed.

POTENTIAL APPLICATION OF THETHERMAL CONVERTER

A typical thermal converter would looklike a stack of plates with air spacesbetween them. Air or water is drawnbetween the plates, keeping them warm.The power output is about one kW per kgof mass, and the average density is about500 kg per cubic metre. This makes theconverter powerful for its weight, and com-pact. For example, a 100 kW unit suitablefor powering a car would have a weight of100 kg and a volume of 0.2 cubic metres.The operation of the device is silent andvibration-free.

The converter could be usedfor both small- and large-scalepower generation. If the electricpower produced is expended inthe locality of the converter, theenvironmental impact is veryminimal because heat is takenfrom and returned to the envi-ronment at the same time. If theenergy is exported to otherplaces, as for example by elec-tric transmission, then the envi-ronment of the converter iscooled.

It would be immediately use-ful in motor vehicles, ships, andindustrial and domestic applica-tions. For use in powering air-craft, a ratio of 10 kW per kg isdesirable, and this applicationwould need to await furtherdevelopment of the converter.

The converter is an intricatedevice requiring a high level oftechnology. A thousand cellsmight stack up to a thickness of

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one millimetre, and a typical unit mightcontain many thousands of cells. Initiallytheir cost might compete with other powersources in only limited applications; andthere would be an interval of perhaps adecade during which the converter couldbecome competitive with power sourcesgenerally. This is the period during whichforesighted government policies couldsmooth out dislocations that might arise.

When fully developed, the convertercould be especially beneficial to economiesand peoples whose energy costs are a largefraction of their cost of living. Its impacton economic and industrial activity wouldbe in areas where energy is needed in largequantities. Fresh water is needed in largequantities, and the transport of water fromplaces where it is available to where it isneeded, or the conversion of sea waterwhich is generally abundant around theplanet, requires vast amounts of energy.The required energy is present in the wateras heat, and can be taken directly from thewater for the purpose of pumping and/ordesalination.

The urgent need for mankind to learn totread more softly as we manage and workwith our ecosystem would create projectswith a large energy component. Suchthings as de-polluting soils and waters, orthe establishment of places ofhuman habitation in thedeserts, the oceans and under-ground where their environ-mental impact is less, wouldbecome feasible if a steady,reliable and sustainable sourceof energy were available.

The above comments applyequally to human habitats inspace, on the Moon, Mars,Venus and Mercury, just aswell as on Earth. Venus, inparticular, is thought to bevery hot. To survive in suchan environment we need tokeep heat out, and the convert-er is ideally suited for this. Itis particularly sobering torealise that there is enoughroom, sunlight and material inour solar system to sustainhabitats in space equivalent toseveral billions of Earths, andthat every species of life we sowantonly destroy is actuallybillions of times more valuableas a vital component of thesepotential habitats than our

Earth-oriented perspective can appreciate.The perpetual recycling of heat energy,

which this converter makes possible, is, onthe physical side, what an unlimited bankaccount is on the economic side. In recentdecades there has been much 'limited'thinking. To be sure, the planet and itsresources are finite, but the creativeresources which we can bring to it need notbe limited. When a finite number is multi-plied by an infinite number, the product isalso infinite.

It is altogether unnecessary to sink intosome kind of despondency about the futureprospects of mankind on or off this planet.What we should do, and with the greatesturgency, is to stop and/or transform allthose activities which have the effect ofdiminishing our planetary resources.

The second law has influenced philo-sophical thought more than most other nat-ural laws in that it points to a kind of 'heatdeath' of the universe. The repealing ofthis law is therefore likely to remove or atleast change these notions of 'universalmortality'.

In particular, since living cells operateroughly on the scale of the converter, onecan envision bacteria and organisms whichderive their energy requirements by ther-mal conversion. Such organisms would

require neither food nor sunlight, and, pro-vided they can obtain the necessary chemi-cal substances to build and maintain theirbodies, they can continue to exist in theirenvironment indefinitely if it maintains atolerable temperature range. From this per-spective, almost every planet and many ofthe moons in our solar system have a ther-mal environment at some level of theirstructure that could be a habitat for life. ∞

N o t e: A larger version of this paper,which sets out a mathematical assess-ment of its viability, may be obtainedfrom the author by return airmail for afee of AUD$10.00. Send to MartinGottschall, c/- PO Box 819, MountOmmaney, Qld 4074, Austral ia .Enquiries, fax +61 (0)7 3376 1780.

About the Author:Martin Gottschall, BE, ME, PhD, FDBA,is a consulting engineer. He hasBachelor's and Master's degrees inMechanical Engineering and is a Doctorof Philosophy. His higher awards wereby research in metal deformation andhigh-frequency friction respectively. Hehas always had a keen interest in manyforms of energy generation includingsolar thermal and solar electric.

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Charles Hapgood showed that the 1513 Piri Re'is map contained at least 24 pointsthat were accurate within a half a degree of longitude. European explorers didnot match this level of accuracy until the 1770s during Captain Cook's famousvoyages. The southern portion of the map seems to depict the subglacial fea-

tures of Antarctica. This discovery was made by Captain Arlington Mallery, but Hapgoodtook up the map and made many more discoveries about it. Incidentally, Hapgoodbelieved that this map included Atlantis. Figure 14 shows where Hapgood placed the lostcontinent.

Hapgood believed that Plato's "whole opposite continent" was a reference to America,and this island (Rocks of St Peter and St Paul), now beneath the Atlantic Ocean, seemedto him to be a place that matched Plato's words. But these Rocks of St Peter and St Paulcan in no way be compared to a land mass high above sea-level and larger than Libya andAsia combined. Nevertheless, Hapgood's Maps of the Ancient Sea Kings remains theclassic work on ancient cartography.

The second book that I read by Hapgood was his Path of the Pole, which provided amechanism to resolve all the questions that were haunting me. Here was a theory thatcould explain a temperate Lesser Antarctica around Plato's date of 9,600 BC, and at thesame time move me towards an understanding of a host of other scientific puzzles.

With [my wife] Rose's help, I wrote a paper incorporating my ideas and sent it toCharles Hapgood. (This letter is on our website, courtesy of Laura Lee.) Hapgood enthu-siastically responded to our letter and told us that our work was "the first truly scientificexploration" of his work that had ever been done. Of course we were delighted, but alsoastonished.

Why had scientists ignored Hapgood's work? After all, Albert Einstein had written aglowing foreword to the first edition of Hapgood's book, Earth's Shifting Crust. Myamazement led me to read about the history, sociology and philosophy of science, and Isoon discovered that what was happening to Hapgood wasn't unusual at all. There is avast difference between the sociology and logic of science. Logically, Hapgood's theoryof Earth crust displacement should not have been ignored, but that's not the way scienceworks. So let's consider his idea now.

Figure 15 shows the inside of the Earth: the core, the mantle and the crust. Figure 16shows a blow-up of the area of the Earth near the surface and we have exaggerated thedimensions so that you can see the crust which rests upon a mobile layer, the asthenos-phere, which in turn rests upon the solid mantle. An Earth crust displacement is a move-ment of the entire crust, including the ocean basins, over the asthenosphere. Now, keep inmind that the Earth's axis does not change. We still have the same tilt and the same sea-sons, but the relationship of the crust to the climatic zones is changed. In other words, theclimatic zones are stable; it is the crust that moves.

To understand the ecological upheaval created by the Earth's shifting crust, we need tocompare its position to the climatic zones both before and after the displacement.

In figure 17, we have North America's position relative to the polar zone. The top cir-cle represents today's Arctic Circle. The bottom circle shows the Arctic Circle before theEarth's crust shifted. You'll notice that these two circles overlap on Greenland. Thatexplains why Greenland has most of the glaciation in the northern hemisphere: the icenever got a chance to melt! The crust that used to be in the Arctic Circle includes theGreat Lakes as well as Lake Winnipeg, Great Slave Lake and hundreds of thousands ofother, smaller lakes. North America is a water-rich continent because it used to be

After detailedanalysis of ancientmaps and Plato's

writings, researcherRand Flem-Athconcludes that

Antarctica is thesite of the fabledlost continent of

Atlantis.

Part 2

by Rand Flem-Ath © 1996

Extracted and edited from a transcriptof his lecture,

"Atlantis and the Earth's Shifting Crust",presented at Return to the Source

Symposium, held at the University ofDelaware, USA, 28 September 1996

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trapped in the polar zone. The highlighted areas in the presentArctic Circle mark lands which were once temperate. In ourbook, When The Sky Fell, we showed how Arctic Norway, north-ern Alaska, Beringia and Siberia were much warmer before 9,600BC than they are today. These lands exhibited temperate condi-tions where it is now much too cold to support such animals ashyenas, sabre-toothed tigers, antelope and the whole menagerie ofspecies that we associate with East African terrain.

Before I take you to the southern hemisphere, I want to takeyou on a quick trip to Mars. In December 1985 I read anarticle in Scientific American which explained a series of

mysteries about the surface of Mars by assuming that the planet's

whole crust had once undergone an abrupt displacement. You canimagine how excited I was! I only wished Hapgood had lived tosee his ideas being applied to another planet.

To support the idea of a crustal displacement on Mars, Dr PeterSchultz of Brown University examined the planet's craters.Asteroids or comets that impact within the polar zones exhibitcharacteristic crater signatures because they land on thick depositsof dust and ice that accumulate only at the poles. Schultz scannedMars in search of craters exhibiting these polar features outsidethe polar zones. He found two such areas, and wrote:

These zones are antipodal: they are on the opposite faces ofthe planet. The deposits show many of the processes andcharacteristics of today's poles, but they lie near the present-day equator.Now if the "antipodal" argument is offered as evidence of

crustal displacement on Mars, then we should at least consider ithere on Earth. So let's look at the former position of the Earth'scrust in the southern hemisphere.

In figure 18 we see the southern areas which are opposite orantipodal to those in the north. The area in the southern IndianOcean is antipodal to the lakes that occupy most of Canada. Inthis area lies the still-ice-covered Heard Island. The ice-sheet onHeard Island cannot be explained by current snowfall patterns.

Heard Island is antipodal to the Canadianprovince of Saskatchewan which was underice 12,000 years ago. Both areas exhibitpolar features (ice or melted ice in the formof lakes) in a temperate zone. This fits theantipodal criterion used as evidence for acrustal shift on Mars.

Greater Antarctica has so much icebecause it remained inside the AntarcticCircle both before and after the Earth's crustshifted. And the area of thickest ice onGreater Antarctica is opposite to the ice-sheet on central Greenland. LesserAntarctica is antipodal to the areas in thenorth, such as those in Arctic Norway,Alaska, Siberia and Beringia, which wereteeming with temperate-adapted creatures.

I spoke a moment ago about the differ-

Fig. 14

Fig. 15

Fig. 16

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ence between the logic and sociology of science, and I can thinkof no better place to demonstrate this disparity than in Beringia.Every archaeologist is perfectly willing to accept there was once asubcontinent which lay between Siberia and Alaska 12,000 yearsago, that was teeming with wildlife but which is now deadbeneath the ocean. But anyone who entertains the idea that thesame thing might have occurred on the exact opposite side of the

Earth is breaking a taboo. To speak of a lost continent in thenorth, yet to deny one in the south, defies logic!

The lost animals of Beringia also need explanation. These ani-mals died off because they were in a land that experienced a dra-matic change in latitude. We can see this through what we call, inour book, "the Ring of Death".

The Ring of Death, depicted in figures 19 and 20, show theareas of the globe that experience the greatest latitude change(North and South America, fig. 19; Antarctica and Siberia, fig.20). It also happens that these areas experienced a massive loss ofanimal life. The continents further away from the ring sufferedfewer extinctions. And this pattern is consistent around theworld: large mammals like mammoths and sabre-toothed tigersbecame extinct in Alaska, but, in Africa, huge mammals such aselephants and lions survived.

Now I'd like to return you to Ice Age America for a momentto see the world as it was before the last Earth crust dis-placement. In figure 21 we're looking at what we now call

"the West Coast" of North America as it was 12,000 years agowhen the crust was in a different position. The coast we see herecould then be called "the South Coast". Let's imagine that we areon the Queen Charlotte Islands, the home of the Haida. Fromtheir perspective, what today is east was then north. For theHaida, Hudson Bay was to the north, Alaska and Beringia lay tothe west, and California lay to the east. The Sun appeared to risefrom California and set in Alaska.

Under these conditions, a movement from what we call "theOld World" of Siberia to "the New World" of America was sim-ply a journey from west to east. And that made it a lot easier forthe people of America to arrive thousands of years before whatarchaeologists are considering today. And they didn't need theice-free corridor to bring them to America. This ice-free corridorsimply mirrors the arc of the Sun's former path—the area whichreceived the most sunshine. Its existence is to be expected.

But the ice-free corridor isn't the key to the peopling ofAmerica. The stories the first people tell of their arrival inAmerica are quite different. Consider Mount Shasta in California.The Shasta believe that this mountain was a refuge for their

Fig. 17

Fig. 18

Fig. 19

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ancestors at the time of a Great Flood. The ancestors climbed themountain to escape the rising ocean. And this is not the onlymountain which saved humanity from the Flood in nativeAmerican mythology.

We have two types of stories: those in which the people arealready in America when the Flood comes (stories like that of theShasta), and stories that tell of their arrival in ships that land onmountain-tops. The Okanagan of British Columbia andWashington state tell us that their ancestors fled from a sinkingisland in the middle of the ocean. The Haida relate how, longago, their ancestors lived in the world's largest village. Life wascarefree until the chief of the heavens decided to destroyhumankind by changing the sky and bringing a worldwide flood.Survivors escaped in large canoes that took them to a new landwhere they landed on a mountain-top.

We believe the sky d i d appear to change dramatically beforethe Flood, and that's why we called our book When The Sky Fell.We take perfectly seriously the Haida's story of the loss of a great

city at the time of the Flood. Perhaps archaeologists should listenwith a little respect to the so-called "stories" of the first people.

In 681 AD, the Japanese Emperor Temnu ordered the Guild ofNarrators to record the most ancient myths. The resulting book,the Ko-ji-ki, told of a time when the Earth was very young, andthe first land, called "Onogorojima", lay near either the NorthPole or the South Pole.

I believe that Onogorojima and Atlantis are different names forAntarctica. I realise these are bold claims, but I presented evi-dence for the reality of an Earth crust displacement in my 1981article in the Anthropological Journal of Canada (vol. 19, no. 4),a copy of which appears in the appendix of When The Sky Fell.

The problem archaeologists face is that the fine art of agri-culture suddenly appears on different continents at approxi-mately the same time, around 9,600 BC—that is, at the time

of the destruction of Atlantis, the opening of the ice-free corridor,and the so-called "sinking" of Beringia. Now I saw the hand ofthe Atlanteans in this development, but I couldn't use the "A-word" if I wanted to be published in a scientific journal in 1981.

And it's no different now. The idea thatAntarctica might have experienced the samefate as Beringia is just not considered scien-tific by the powers that control scientificpublishing. But I'm proud to be associatedwith Atlantis. I think the taboo against theword should be broken.

In the crescent or "horn" beneath Japanwe find the earliest known civilisations inthe world and the most important sites foragricultural origins in what is called "theOld World". I call this crescent (as definedby the current and former path of the Tropicof Cancer) "the Horn of Plenty", for it wasthe most favoured land after the last Earthcrust displacement. There were alsofavourable places in the tropics which I willdiscuss later, but I want you to appreciatehow much happened in that particular area.I call the whole area the Horn of Plentybecause it was such an important area forthe domestication of both plants and ani-

Fig. 20

Fig. 21

Fig. 22

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mals. The highlighted area of China in figure 23 is the widest inthe Horn of Plenty and, not surprisingly, China domesticated thegreatest number of crops. The Chinese have lost much of theirheritage, and I believe that there are many archaeological trea-sures from ancient China yet to be excavated.

India domesticated the second largest number of crops. Recentinvestigations by David Frawley and his associates have lifted theveil over ancient India. We are beginning to see that India ismuch older than most of us have suspected.

The person who first attempted to push back the clock for Indiawas called "the Beloved Leader of the People"—Bal GangadharTilak, who was jailed by the British in 1897 for seditious writings.

While in prison, Tilak read deeply in all the Vedic literature, andwhen released he wrote a book called The Arctic Home in theV e d a s. Tilak summarised a key passage from the Z e n d - A v e s t a,the oldest saga of Iran:

Ahura Mazda warns Yima, the first king of men, of theapproach of a dire winter, which is to destroy every livingcreature by covering the land with a thick sheet of ice, andadvises Yima to build a Vara, or an enclosure, to preservethe seeds of every kind of animal and plant.Yima escaped from Airyana Vaêjo (the island-paradise now at

the pole) in a ship which, like Noah's Ark, survived the Flood.Now, I believe that Tilak was right about the ice-covered island

at the pole, but I think it was Antarctica, not in the Arctic.The so-called "Fertile Crescent", where wheat, barley, goats,

pigs and sheep were first domesticated, is a sub-section of thelarge Horn of Plenty.

Here we must mention the lost island-paradise of "Dilmun"which was recorded by the ancient Sumerians. The mythof this lost land bears an uncanny resemblance to the

mythology of the Haida of British Columbia. The ancient Sumerians tell of a time, long ago, when their

ancestors lived on the island of Dilmun. Like the great village ofthe Haida, life on this land was carefree until the sky-god and theflood-god decided to destroy humankind by changing the sky andbringing a worldwide Flood. Survivors escaped in a large shipwhich took them to a new land, where they landed upon a moun-tain-top. Russian scientists have linked the Haida and the ancientSumerians linguistically and it seems that they both may haveshared a common heritage from Atlantis.

And now we come to Egypt. I remember the first conversationI had with [Egyptology writer] John West. He asked me where Ithought the Egyptians might have been during the Flood. Ireplied that I thought that they might have been in the highlandsof Ethiopia, which were midway between the current and former

path of the equator. This tropical oasis wasa place of refuge from the rising ocean andit contained a freshwater lake, Lake Tana(figure 22). From Lake Tana, survivors ofthe crustal displacement could follow theBlue Nile downstream to an area near pre-sent-day Sudan where the Blue and WhiteNile tributaries merge to form the NileRiver. There, near present-day Khartoum,emerged a culture known as the Nubia,where agriculture began around 10,000BC—the very date that Plato's Egyptianpriest said that Atlantis was destroyed.

There is another highland tropical oasis inThailand. At Spirit Cave we find the earli-est known experiments with the domestica-tion of rice. And no doubt we'll eventuallyfind other archaeological sites near here.On the exact opposite side of the globe liesLake Titicaca (figure 23). Like Lake Tana,it was a high-altitude freshwater lake thatultimately came to rest at the same distancefrom the equator after the displacement as itwas before, creating ideal conditions forsurvival. This area was the site of the originof the domestication of potatoes.

So on Lake Titicaca, this high-altitudefreshwater lake, are the remains of

Fig. 23

Fig. 24

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Tiahuanaco. The Polish researcher Arthur Posnansky linkedTiahuanaco with Aztlan, the mythical "white" island homeland ofthe Aztecs. On the shores of Lake Titicaca live the Aymara. OneSunday morning when we were living in London I read an articlein the Times about the Aymara language, which really woke meup. Let me quote the relevant passage:

Aymara is rigorous and simple—which means that its syntac -tical rules always apply, and can be written out concisely in

the sort of algebraic shorthand thatcomputers understand. Indeed, such isits purity that some historians think itdid not just evolve, like other lan -guages, but was actually constructedfrom scratch.Here's an artificial language, found in an

area of the world that had always intriguedme because of my research into the originsof agriculture; an area that I knew would beideal for Atlantean survivors. It would behard to imagine how or why the Aymarawould find time to invent a language. Suchdevelopments are much more likely theproduct of an advanced civilisation like thatof Atlantis. I am convinced that theAymara language is another holographicfragment from a lost world. This artificiallanguage, which hasn't evolved but remainspure, may just be a key to both our past andthe future.

Our belief in progress locks us into a lin-ear notion of time. We see ourselves pro-gressing towards the future, leaving the pastbehind, but this is only a modern fixation, adeep assumption about how to view time.The Aymara people of Lake Titicaca look attime another way. They treat the future as

behind them; they consider it a hidden place that they can't see, aplace at which they will inevitably arrive but need not focus on.Psychologically, the Aymara face the past.

Plato has left us a detailed map to the greatest treasure of all.We can follow his clues to find the capital city of Atlantis.His account tells us that the city lay midway on the main

island facing towards the outer island. That narrows down thesearch considerably (figure 24). And he tells us that thecity was completely surrounded by mountains. Thiscould only be true if the islands that lie off the mainlandare themselves mountainous. And this is, in fact, the casefor this area of Antarctica (figure 25). So when we com-bine these clues we find a location marked here that is thesize of Pennsylvania (figure 26).

Perhaps we might, in our lifetime, excavate the remainsof an advanced civilisation beneath the Antarctic ice-sheet. Who knows what we might find in the Atlanteanlibraries. Who knows what we will think of their art andtheir science. Is there, after all, wisdom to be mined fromthere? Whatever we discover, I am convinced that it willchange the way we view ourselves and revolutionise theway we see time.

The present need not be the only key to understandingtime. It is not too late for us to listen to the wisdom ofthe ancients. The past can enrich and even guide our pre-sent. And the past might even turn out to be the key toour future. ∞

About the Speaker: Rand Flem-Ath is co-author (with Rose Flem-Ath) ofWhen The Sky Fell: In Search of Atlantis, publishedin 1995 by Stoddart Publishing (Ontario), Weidenfeld& Nicolson (London) and St Martin's Press (NewYork) (see review in NEXUS 3/01).

Fig. 25

Fig. 26

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HUGE UFO EMERGES FROM SEA NEAR OIL RIG

The following report was posted onthe Internet by Ben Field of U F OU p d a t e s, Toronto, Canada, on 14

January 1998, and was reprinted in theApril 1998 issue of The Star Beacon.

Permission to publish report: YesName: Jeremy Clark PackerAge: 32Occupation: EngineerDate of s ighting: Monday, (? )December 1997 Time of sighting: 8:00 amLocation of sighting: Corpus Christi, TexasDescription of area: Oil platform, 30miles from shore off Gulf of Mexico.No land masses, no clouds, heavywind, several liners. 500-manned rig.Other witnesses? YesRelationship of witnesses: Co-workersThe UFO was sighted in or nearwater. The UFO was sighted in ornear an air route. The height of theUFO from the ground was about 280-300 feet above sea.Noise information heard during thesighting: Rumbling sound for most ofthe sighting. Our watches stoppedworking!

The UFO was sighted for 30 minutes. Photographic record? YesDid you experience any effects, i.e.,loss of time? Yes. All our watchesshowed 30 minutes late.Weather and condit ions: Windyweather, cold. Daylight.

Jeremy Packer's description of this UFOsighting follows:

I had just woken up for our daily routineon the rig. Our sleeping quarters werebelow sea level, so we all had to trundge[sic.] up to the main core housing to startwork. It was about 7.58 to 8.00.

My watch stopped ticking at 7.58, but I

don't know if my time was right. Everyoneelse's watch stopped ticking as well, withvarious times.

As I and about 20 other men neared ourstations to perform the daily greasing andreleasing routine, we stopped cold in ourtracks. The bore that drills the hole into theocean floor was bent like a toothpick into aV shape.

We looked at the underwater cameras torecheck what our eyes saw and we couldn'tbelieve.

First off, this bore is 140.65 feet thick,made of solid steel. Nothing can bend it,let alone something on the ocean floor—and it wasn't even on the ocean floor! It

JUNE - JULY 1998 NEXUS • 63

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64 • NEXUS JUNE - JULY 1998

was just right below the surface of thewater, about 200 feet—the amount of pres-sure it would take would be equal to theSun's force.

We were dumbfounded. Then we gotscared! Everyone started hearing a rum-bling noise and we knew it wasn't theengines running the platform bore.Everything shuts off when something goeswrong.

Out of the west we saw what looked tobe about 25 to 30 helicopters on manoeu-vres—not an uncommon sight. What wasuncommon was that the rig commandercame up and told us he had no alerts to anymilitary manoeuvres from the Coast Guardthat day. They usually alert us wheneverthey do these things in our vicinity.Another peculiar thing was that the heli-copters made no sounds. None. Zip!

Then we all ran to the west side of theplatform—about 250 of us, in all. The oth-ers were below sleeping; they have thenight shift. Then we saw something thattotally changed us! All of the helicoptersstopped in mid-air, and something large—very large—surfaced beneath them.

It was a huge metal object, about the sizeof our platform! It just came straight outof the water and straight into the air! Ithovered over the helicopters for about twominutes—enough for us to use the tele-scopes to check it out!

It was as large as about two football

fields, concave underneath, with four largebulbous domes in the concave part of thebottom of it.

It turned on its side and we saw that itlooked like a huge flying cigar which wastapered at both ends. On the top of thething was another concave indent that hadlights circling within in—every colour youcould possibly imagine! It was beautiful!We heard the soft rumbling all throughoutthe sighting.

Then something amazing happened aswe stood there in disbelief. Like someoneturning off a light switch, it was gone. Onesecond we were all looking through binoc-ulars, telescopes and through just our eyes.Hell, it was close enough you didn't needthe devices! Then it was gone. I wouldsay, in as fast as you could blink, or a lightswitch would turn on and off a light, it wasgone.

The helicopters headed our way andpassed us overhead, again never making asound. We could see that they hadabsolutely no markings. Familiar with thestuff the military does around here, weknew they weren't military craft. Somelooked like they were stainless steel,almost invisible; some were jet black. Icounted 22. My best friend counted 28.Everyone had a different amount.

We all also noticed that our watcheswere about 30 minutes later than what thetime actually was when we got back to the

mainland. We were sent on temporaryleave by our bosses for what we reported,so that they could fix/repair/replace thebore on the rig.

I'm back at work now, but I still look outat the ocean every chance I get!(Source: The Star Beacon n e w s l e t t e r ,April 1998; Earth Star Publications, POBox 117, Paonia, CO 81428-0117; web -site, www.galaxycorp.com/starbeacon.S u b s c r i p t i o n , 12 issues: US$20 in US;US$28 overseas.)

CONTROVERSY CONTINUESOVER ARTIFICIAL LANDFORMS

ON MARS

As promised, the Mars GlobalSurveyor (MGS) once again turnedits high-resolution camera towards

the controversial landforms at Cydonia on23 April and delivered a clear, well-litimage of the "Main Pyramid" and "CitySquare", two features of considerable inter-est to Cydonia researchers.

However, the MGS camera failed to cap-ture the "Fortress" which lies slightlynortheast of the main pyramid. After the"Face", the Fortress was the object ofgreatest interest to those who believe thelandforms at Cydonia may be artificiallyconstructed.

Having now fulfilled a promise to makethree imaging attempts over Cydonia dur-ing the month of April, NASA has no fur-ther plans to photograph the area until1999. But NASA chief administratorDaniel Goldin told CNN science corre-spondent John Holliman that the MGSwould, in due course, send back more pic-tures of the Cydonia region "until everyoneis satisfied".

Depending upon whom one asks, thenew Cydonia images show nothing butobviously natural geological features; orthey offer strong corroborating evidence ofartificial structures; or they prove nothingone way or another.

Professor Stanley V. McDaniel of theSociety for Planetary SETI Research, oneof the strongest proponents of possible arti-ficial structures on Mars, indicated in anessay posted on his website(www.mcdanielreport.com/) that the latestimage of the City shows features that"appear consistent with a natural geologi-cal interpretation".

Professor McDaniel pointed out that thefour small mounds comprising the CitySquare, which in the 1976 Viking photo

THE TWILIGHT ZONE

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appear highly regular, are seen in the muchclearer MGS image to be non-uniform inshape and non-symmetrical in placement.

Similarly, the large Main Pyramid hasthe appearance of a small mountain, not alarge building.

Many voices echoed this assessment.Typical was a statement issued by DavidWatanabe of exoScience UFO(exosci.com/ufo/), who wrote: "I think allcan agree that the images returned by MGSshow no signs of artificiality. These for-mations are, as far as we can tell throughvisual observation, quite natural."

McDaniel, however, noted several odd,smaller features on the Pyramid that seemmore angular and symmetrical than expect-ed of natural formations. "There is a pecu-liar feature at the NE corner of the[Pyramid] that should demand geologicalinvestigation. This is a cluster of two orperhaps three nearly rectangular outlinesthat may be enclosures of some sort,"McDaniel stated.

Another nearby object has the distinctappearance of a nearly perfect squareinside a very circular crater.

Meanwhile, other Cydonia researcherswere not at all ready to admit disappoint-ment. Richard Hoagland, who had earlieraccused NASA of withholding data whenthe space agency released the first MGSimage of the Face, now says that the struc-tures in the third image offer impressiveevidence of artificiality.

"Early enhancement of MGS image25803 reveals multi-layered 'room-sized'cells underneath the long-eroded surface ofthe 'Main Pyramid'," Hoagland states at hisInternet website (enterprisemission.com/images/mars). Furthermore, he theorisesthat "The latest MGS image reveals thecenter of the Cydonia complex—the 'CitySquare'—to be a series of four high-tech,glass-like pyramids...heavily in ruins".

While no other Cydonia researcherseems ready to join Hoagland in thisdegree of enthusiastic speculation on theCity features, physicist Dr Tom VanFlandern issued a statement last week inwhich he stated that the new MGS imageof the Face—disappointing to many—hasconvinced him beyond reasonable doubtthat that structure is artificial.

Thus, the debate goes on. Certainly theMGS images did not deliver the kind ofevidence that Cydonia researchers hadhoped for and that many had expected. Onthe other hand, neither did those images

entirely dismiss the theory of artificialstructures at Cydonia.

Indeed, further scrutiny may tend to bol-ster the hopes of the more cautiousresearchers such as Professor StanleyMcDaniel and Dr Mark Carlotto. That,and whatever new evidence may come in1999, remains to be seen.(Source: CNI News, vol. 4, no. 5, Part 1, 1May 1998; e-mail, [email protected])

VATICAN INTEREST INEXTRATERRESTRIAL CONTACT

Monsignor Corrado Balducci, aVatican theologian and insiderclose to the Pope, has gone on

Italian national television five times inrecent months to proclaim that extraterres-trial contact is a real phenomenon.

The prelate announced that the Vaticanis receiving much information aboutextraterrestrials and their contacts withhumans from its nuncios (papal ambas-sadors) in variouscountries such asChile, Mexico andVenezuela.

M o n s i g n o rBalducci said thathe is on a Vaticancommission look-ing into extraterres-trial encounters andhow to cope withthe emerging gen-eral awareness ofthe reality ofextraterrestrial con-tact.

Balducci provid-ed the CatholicChurch's analysisof extraterrestrials,emphasising thate x t r a t e r r e s t r i a lencounters "are n o tdemonic, they aren o t due to psycho-logical impairment,they are n o t a caseof entity attach-ment, but theseencounters deserveto be studied care-fully".

Since MonsignorBalducci is aVatican expertexorcist, and since

the Catholic Church has historicallydemonised many new phenomena thatwere poorly understood, his proclaimingthe Vatican's non-censure of these encoun-ters is all the more remarkable.

Balducci revealed to a visiting Americanclinical professional from the Academy ofClinical Close Encounter Therapists thatthe Vatican is closely following this phe-nomenon.

Parallel information from MJ-12 scien-tist Dr Michael Wolf suggests that theVatican is concerned that it will have amajor doctrinal updating situation on itshands when extraterrestrial contactbecomes authoritatively announced byworld governments over the next severalyears. (Source: Forwarded by Richard Boylan,PhD, LLC, 2826 O Street, Suite 2,Sacramento, CA 95816, USA; telephone(916) 455 0120; e-mail, [email protected])

THE TWILIGHT ZONE

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The following is the text of a talk given by Michael Cremo at the Ancient AstronautSociety World Conference in Orlando, Florida, USA, on 8 August 1997.

In February 1996 my book, Forbidden Archeology, was featured in an NBC televisionspecial called The Mysterious Origins of Man. It was produced and directed by BillCote and his associates. This television program was seen by tens of millions of peo-ple in the United States, and it inspired an extremely emotional, negative response

from the scientific world which was shocked by the program's documentation of evidencefor extreme human antiquity.

The nature of this response says a lot about mainstream science. We are normallytaught that scientists are not attached to any particular theory and are always ready tochange their ideas when confronted with new evidence. But the reaction of mainstreamscience to The Mysterious Origins of Man demonstrates this is not always true.

Before analysing the scientific responses to The Mysterious Origins of Man, I want toplace all of this in context, showing the relationship of the show's archaeological evidenceto the ancient astronaut hypothesis.

According to standard scientific ideas, humans like ourselves appeared fairly recentlyon this planet, about 100,000 years ago. Before that, there would have been only moreape-like human ancestors which came into existence four to five million years ago. Thefirst primitive apes and monkeys would have come into existence about 40 or 50 millionyears ago, and life itself arose two or three billion years ago. We are told that all of thephysical evidence ever discovered by scientists supports this scenario.

But in my book, Forbidden Archeology (co-authored with Richard Thompson), I docu-ment hundreds of cases showing that human beings like ourselves have existed on thisplanet for two or three billion years.

This is consistent with the historical accounts found in the ancient Sanskrit writings ofIndia. As a member of the Bhaktivedanta Institute (the science studies branch of theInternational Society for Krishna Consciousness), I have carefully studied these texts forover 20 years and have found they provide many accurate clues to the true story of humanorigins and antiquity.

I will not give a detailed account of the archaeological evidence presented in ForbiddenArcheology. I talked about that at the last world conference in Berne, Switzerland. TodayI want to focus on how this evidence relates to the ancient astronaut hypothesis.

If, as the evidence indicates, human beings have existed on this planet for over two bil-lion years, this rules out any Darwinian evolutionary explanation for human origins that iscurrent today. In my opinion, this means we have to look toward an extraterrestrial expla-nation for our presence here on Earth.

The ancient Sanskrit writings of India speak not only about an ancient human presenceon this planet. They also speak about humanoid creatures from other parts of the universewho travelled in spacecraft known as vimana. In the Bhagavata Purana , also known asthe Shrimad Bhagavatam , we are told that once Shiva and Parvati were sitting in anassembly of sages when King Chitraketu flew overhead in his vimana, on a voyage fromanother planet. It is interesting to note that Shiva and his consort Parvati are consideredgods, whereas King Chitraketu, who was engaged in interplanetary travel in his vimana,was a human, originally from Earth. In other words, the ancient Sanskrit texts make aclear distinction between space-travelling humans and gods.

This is relevant to the ancient astronaut hypothesis, which in one form suggests that allaccounts of gods in ancient writings represent the attempts of ancient peoples to translate

Archaeologicalevidence for

humanity having anextremely ancient

history on thisplanet has beencondemned as

being dangerous toestablished

scientific belief.

by Michael A. Cremo © 1997Research Associate in History and

Philosophy of ScienceBhaktivedanta Institute9701 Venice Blvd #5

Los Angeles, CA 90034, USATelephone: (310) 837 5283

Fax: (310) 837 1056E-mail: [email protected]

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68 • NEXUS JUNE - JULY 1998

the experience of seeing actual humanoid space visitors intomythical supernatural beings (gods).

We should, however, be careful that we do not become victimsof a false dichotomy. When confronted with two possibilities, itis tempting to think that either 'this' must be true or 'that' may betrue. In other words, either there were ancient astronauts or therewere gods. But both may be true. Ancient peoples may haveencountered both astronauts (humans using advanced technologyfor interplanetary travel) and gods (supernatural beings, by whichI mean beings from regions of nature not normally accessible toEarth humans). That is what the ancient Sanskrit writings suggestto us.

So we should not become 'cargo cultists' in reverse. Earlier inthis century, when Pacific tribal people encountered Westernerscoming down from the sky in air-planes full of valuable goods theybegan to build systems of worshiparound the experience, translating thereal technological into the mythicalsupernatural. This has probablyoccurred in the past as well. But weshould be careful not to automatical-ly translate all accounts of the super-natural in ancient writings into some-thing that fits our present technologi-cal experience. We should remainopen to the possibility that in ancienttimes the Earth was visited by bothastronauts and gods.

According to the ancient Sanskritwritings of India, humans on this planet originated by a process ofdescent with modification. This process thus has something incommon with Darwinism, which also posits a process of descentwith modification. But the process described in the ancientSanskrit writings is intelligently guided.

The ancient Sanskrit writings tell not only of ancient humancivilisations and space-travelling humans but also of some veryinteresting genetic manipulations and variations on the normal

reproductive processes. Such things as test tube babies, cloningand genetic engineering are not new. They were there in ancienttimes, and the action was not confined to this Earth: it was inter-planetary. Two years from now, at the next world conference inCologne, Germany, I will speak to you about this. This process ofguided reproductive modification is also the subject of my nextbook, which I am calling Human Devolution.

What this all adds up to is that Darwinian explanations ofhuman origins are not adequate. The very existence of ancientastronauts poses a strong challenge to Darwinian concepts ofhuman origins. The ancient astronaut hypothesis tells us thathumans on this planet were visited in the distant past byhumanoid beings from other planets. Let us carefully consider theimplications of this.

According to Darwinism, the struc-ture of physical bodies is encoded inthe DNA in the body's cells. Tochange the bodily form, the DNAmust be changed. These changes aresaid to be random, resulting fromcopying errors, mutations and recom-bination. To go from the first one-celled living things to humans likeourselves required, we are told, mil-lions of random genetic changes overthe course of more than two billionyears. This has led leading evolu-tionists such as Stephen J. Gould tosay that if we were to 'run the tapeagain' the evolutionary process would

probably not give us upright-walking humans, apemen or apes.So it is extremely unlikely that humanlike creatures could haveevolved in Darwinian fashion both on this planet and somewhereelse in the universe. In other words, the very fact that there arehumanoid creatures from other parts of the universe is a goodargument against current Darwinian explanations for the origin ofhumans on this planet.

Having established the connection of the evi-dence reported in The Mysterious Origins ofM a n with the ancient astronaut hypothesis,

we can now proceed to examine the heated scientif-ic responses to this program. These responsesamount to a kind of 'knowledge filtration'.

In my book, Forbidden Archeology, I describednot only evidence for extreme human antiquity butalso the processes by which dominant groups in sci-ence exclude this evidence from scientific discus-sion and public attention. These processes, which Icollectively refer to as the "knowledge filter", are apowerful factor in keeping certain kinds of evi-dence relatively unknown.

In the case of The Mysterious Origins of Man,the knowledge filtration process began to operateeven as the show was being filmed. I suggested tothe producers that they film stone artefacts discov-ered in Californian gold-mines during the 19th cen-tury. Geological evidence indicates that theseobjects are about 50 million years old. The arte-facts are stored at the Phoebe Hearst NaturalHistory Museum at the University of California inBerkeley. The responses from the museum offi-cials are interesting.

The very existence of ancientastronauts poses a strongchallenge to Darwinian

concepts of human origins.

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"At first we were told they could not make the time," wrote pro-ducer Bill Cote in a letter to me (26 August 1996). "We coun-tered, saying we had plenty of time and could wait three or fourmonths." Museum officials responded with a letter claiming theyhad a shortage of staff and funds. The producers said they wouldpay all the costs involved in bringing the artefacts out of storagefor filming, including overtime pay for the workers. The museumrefused this offer. The producers continued to seek permissionthrough various channels. "We patiently went all the way to thehead of publicity for the University," explained Bill Cote in hisletter, "but it seems the museum director has final say, and shesaid no."

"A similar situation occurred when we tried to obtain permis-sion to film the pyramid complex at Teotihuacan, near MexicoCity," wrote Bill Cote. "We approached, through proper chan-nels, the director of the site. He wanted us to promise that wewould make no mention of UFOs or spacemen building the pyra-mid. I thought this was odd, but since that was not our intention, Ireplied in all honesty that we would not imply this. Then hedemanded a copy of our full script. We had not yet written thescene and told him so, but he insisted.

"We spent a few hours and drafted a modest version whichincluded the theory of Hugh HarlestonJr, a respected researcher, that theslope angle of one of the facets of thePyramid of the Sun was aligned to thesame degree of latitude as the locationof the pyramid itself in the northernhemisphere (an easily verifiable fact).In effect, the sunrise over the pyramidon the vernal equinox would cast ashadow over this facet in an instant,thus making the whole pyramid a sortof giant clock. We were interested indemonstrating the advanced knowl-edge of the ancients. But we weredenied permission to bring our cam-eras into the site or even to fly over ina helicopter, despite the fact that we were willing to pay all theappropriate fees, had gone through both archeological channelsand the Mexican film authority... The good old boys' networkcontinues to hold a powerful control over information that threat-ens to upset the established view."

The knowledge filtration process, which began with the film-ing of The Mysterious Origins of Man, continued with evengreater intensity when the program was shown to the pub-

lic. The anti-Darwin message of the show was the main reasonwhy scientists reacted so angrily. To my knowledge, the broad-cast of The Mysterious Origins of Man by NBC in February of1996 was the first time in history that a major American televisionnetwork had aired a program challenging Darwinian explanationsof human origins. This apparently caught the scientific communi-ty by surprise.

The surprise is evident in the following excerpt from an articlein S c i e n c e, a journal published for scientists by the AmericanAssociation for the Advancement of Science (8 March 1996, p.1357):

"The claims of creationists—the young age of Earth, that fossilsput the lie to the theory of evolution—routinely send biologistsinto fits. But those fits pale before the indignation spilling out,mostly over the Internet, since Sunday evening, 25 February,when a major US television network ran a 'special' suggesting that

humans coexisted with the dinosaurs, and that the scientific estab-lishment was suppressing the evidence."

Here are some samples of some of the 'Internet indignation' thatpoured out from the scientific community, taken from a reportreleased by B.C. Video on 4 March 1996:

"I think you should apologize publicly for this show. It wasappalling... Frankly, you are either morons or liars..." (D.L., col-orado. edu)

"...the non-scientific public watching this drivel may be inclinedto actually believe it and to vote for politicians who also believeit." (J.K., New Mexico State University)

"It's all a bunch of hooey, and my recommendation is to stayaway." (B.D., Yale University)

"I recommend people write NBC and protest the presentation ofthis show as a documentary." (AD, University of Texas at Austin)

"You should be banned from the airwaves." (J.J., ALCI)Why exactly did scientists react with such fury to T h e

Mysterious Origins of Man? One reason is control over the mindsof students.

The National Center for Science Education is dedicated tokeeping Darwinism a central concept in America's schools. In thesame S c i e n c e article cited above, the president of the National

Center for Science Education com-plained that the phones in the head-quarters of his organisation wereconstantly ringing with calls fromscience teachers who had difficultyanswering questions from studentswho had seen The MysteriousOrigins of Man.

Another concern that I noted inmy study of hundreds of Internetmessages was the fear among scien-tists that programs such as T h eMysterious Origins of Man m i g h teventually result in public pressureto decrease government funding ofcertain kinds of scientific research

supporting Darwinism. This concern is reflected in the messageabove from J.K.

The reactions to The Mysterious Origins of Man extended byindividual expressions of negative opinions to the producers. DrJim Foley organised a letter campaign directed at the executivesof NBC and the sponsors of the program, including Coca-Cola,McDonalds, Olive Garden, Toyota, Chevron, Kelloggs, J.C.Penney, Honda, Wendy's, General Motors, LensCrafters, Folger'sCoffee, and M&Ms Candy.

A lot of the Internet messages among scientists were also heavi-ly critical of Forbidden Archeology, which was featured in theshow. But one participant in the Internet debate (D.T. Miller, 1April 1996) noted: "It looks like most of the detractors haven'tread the book. Could someone please explain to me how anyonecan pose a valid criticism of a book they haven't read? (Yes, I'veread the book.)"

Some of the Internet discussion regarding F o r b i d d e nA r c h e o l o g y was related to the mysterious metallic, groovedspheres found by miners in South Africa in mineral deposits overtwo billion years old. In the absence of any good explanation ofhow such objects could have formed naturally, the possibilityremains open that they are the product of some kind of humanintelligence. Some of the spheres were shown on the NBC televi-sion program.

On the Internet, scientists claimed they were natural "concre-

To my knowledge, the broadcastof The Mysterious Origins of Manby NBC in February of 1996 was

the first time in history that amajor American television

network had aired a programchallenging Darwinian

explanations of human origins.

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tions" and that such things are very common, grooves and all. Butwhen I challenged them to send me pictures or specimens ofround metallic concretions with grooves running around theirequators, none could do it.

If the scientific community in America was outraged when theprogram was first shown, you can imagine their reaction whenthey saw the following headlines from an Internet press release

from NBC, dated 29 May 1996: "Controversy Surrounds T h eMysterious Origins of Man ... University Profs Want SpecialBanned from the Airwaves... Program that Dares to ChallengeAccepted Beliefs about Pre-Historic Man will be RebroadcastJune 8 on NBC". Amazingly, NBC was using the objections ofthe scientists to promote another broadcast of the show!

The text of the press release stated: "NBC's The MysteriousOrigins of Man sparked heated controversy within the academiccommunity when originally broadcast February 25, 1996, and willbe rebroadcast on Saturday, June 8 (8–9 pm ET). Professors ofscience and anthropology from some of the nation's most presti-gious colleges and universities voiced strong opinions about someof the theories in the special, which challenged long-acceptedbeliefs about man's beginnings. The pro-gram presented startling evidence suggest-ing that man may have made the climbfrom Stone Age to civilization more thanonce; that present-day man is just the lat-est in this cycle, and that Darwin's Theoryof Evolution has serious flaws."

Producer Bill Cote was quoted in theNBC press release as follows: "Our goalwas simply to present the public with evi-dence which suggests an alternative viewto some of our most accepted theories.We questioned fundamental issues thatthey [some scientists] felt should not bequestioned. The bottom line is, the worldis bigger than scientists can explain, andsome of them want us to believe they can explain everything.

"We expected some controversy when we produced this show,"Cote continued, "but no one was prepared for the enormous cry ofoutrage from members of the scientific community. While manyviewers, including some scientists, praised the production as agreat accomplishment and contributing to public education, manyscientists expressed outrage and criticism."

Dr Jere H. Lipps, a palaeontologist at the University ofCalifornia at Berkeley, wrote by e-mail to producer Bill Cote on30 May 1996 (sending copies to various scientific discussiongroups on the Internet): "I appreciate the advance notice of yourpress release about the reshowing of The Mysterious Origins ofMan. Can you please provide me a list of the news organizationsyou sent your release to? As you expected, I am appalled that youand NBC would once again represent that program as the way sci-ence in America is done. It does not do you, NBC or the sponsorsany honor whatsoever. It indicates to scientists a large degree ofignorance about how science works. You seem to think that sci-entists object to the theories presented. Not in most cases,because everything in the program has been dealt with by legiti-mate science already. You misrepresent the process of science—that is quite a different and detrimental thing. I can alwaysstraighten out bad ideas with my students, but trying to teach theman intelligent way to live their lives in this scientific society isvery difficult when TV promotes a fraudulent view of how sci-ence works.

"I am amazed that NBC [will] show this program again as sci-ence, when a proper scientific presentation of the same issueswould be both beneficial and entertaining to its viewers. As [youare] its writer and director, I can appreciate your desire to use ourobjections to promote it once again. It is, however, a pathetic wayto make a buck, when honesty is so much better and [more] prof-itable."

As far is honesty is concerned, I hope no one will be deceivedthat it was anything other than the anti-Darwinian message of TheMysterious Origins of Man that provoked such intense reactionsfrom Lipps and others. They did object to the theories presented.Also, the show provided a very good description of how science(the fundamentalist Darwinian part of it, anyway) really doeswork in practice. Fundamentalist Darwinians do unfairly try toprevent serious discussion of controversial evidence.

On the same day he sent his letter to Bill Cote, Lipps made thisgeneral appeal to scientists: "NBC is now proposing to reshowtheir scientific travesty, The Mysterious Origins of Man , using theobjections of the scientific community as a selling point. This is amajor disservice to the general public and misrepresentation ofthe majority of the scientists' objections... If you are worried

about science in America, tellyour local NBC station, NBCand its various sponsors that youobject to the portrayal of thisprogram as science. Americamust get smart and we can makea difference."

Others proposed boycotts, asshown in this Internet messageposted to Internet discussiongroups for archaeologists andanthropologists by C. Wood on31 May 1996: "Anybody knowwho the sponsors are? I wouldlike to get an early start boy-cotting them. There's always the

offchance that some of them will pull their sponsorship." Stillothers proposed pressuring the executives of General Electric, thecompany that owns NBC.

Ten or 20 years ago, the campaign of intimidation waged byLipps and other fundamentalist Darwinians in the scientific com-munity would have been sufficient to keep NBC from airing theprogram again or force NBC to let a fundamentalist Darwiniancommentator dictate to the public how they should see the show.That NBC had the courage to stand up to the intimidation and theaudacity to use the protests from the fundamentalist Darwinians topromote the rebroadcast of the unchanged original show to thepublic is a refreshing sign that intellectual freedom is alive andwell in America.

But representatives of orthodox science did not see things thatway. They thought NBC should be severely punished for daringto air the show a second time.

On 17 June 1996, Dr Allison R. Palmer, president of theInstitute for Cambrian Studies, wrote to the FederalCommunications Commission, the government agency that grantslicences to television broadcasting companies: "This e-mail is arequest for the FCC to investigate and, I hope, seriously censurethe National Broadcasting Company for crassly commercial, irre-sponsible journalism that seriously violates the trust the publicshould have in materials that are touted as credible by a major net-

Continued on page 88

"The program presented startlingevidence suggesting that man mayhave made the climb from Stone

Age to civilization more thanonce; that present-day man is justthe latest in this cycle, and thatDarwin's Theory of Evolution

has serious flaws."

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HIDDEN AGENDASby John PilgerPublisher: Vintage, UK, 1998 ISBN: 0-099-74151-2 (687pp p/b) Price: AUD$19.95; NZD$24.95;STG£10.50 inc. p&h; NLGƒ32,90;CAN$21.95Distributors: Aust/NZ/UK/Can— RandomHouse; UK/Europe— NEXUS offices.

John Pilger is a rare journalist and film-maker who is almost as controversial as

his subject matter. His latest tour de force,Hidden Agendas, is titled as such because heasserts it is not enough for journalists to bemere messengers: they need to understandthe hidden agendas behind the messages andthe myths surrounding them.

This "information age", he explains, is oneof the great myths of modern times. Withthe limits imposed by the mainstream mediawe cannot hope to get a truthful picture ofwhat's really going on in our world. Thus,Hidden Agendas is devoted to "slownews"—the important world events whichare unreported and under-reported, whichare misrepresented, sanitised and trivialisedby propaganda and censorship.

Pilger covers a great deal of ground (muchof which has been bombed, napalmed andnuked). He looks behind the scenes of UN"peace-keeping" missions and the UK arma-ments industry, and at the role of the IMFand World Bank in the globalisation agenda.He considers the post–Gulf War fate of Iraqicivilians, the plight of Burmese dissidents,the fight of the Liverpool dockers and life in"new" Britain, South Africa and Vietnam.

His chapter dealing with the East Timoresebetrayal by both Liberal and Labor govern-ments in Australia is indicative of how eco-nomic, political and military interests can socynically dismiss and suppress basic humanrights. Anyone concerned with the socialinjustices of the world will despair atPilger's revelations, but will be inspired bythose brave enough to resist oppression.

MAD COW USA: Could theNightmare Happen Here?by Sheldon Rampton and John StauberPublisher: Common Courage, USA, 1997 ISBN: 1-56751-111-2 (246pp h/c) Price: AUD$50.00; NLGƒ54.90; USD$25+ $5 p&h; o/s airmail, contact publisherDistributors: Aust—Cameron Books, ph(02) 4758 7676, fax (02) 4758 9047;Europe—NEXUS office; USA—CommonCourage Press, PO Box 702, Monroe, ME04951, ph (207) 525 0900, 1800 4973207 (toll-free), fax (207) 525 3068.

US FDA regulations passed in June 1997to ban the feeding of rendered sheep

and cattle to ruminants have come nearly adecade too late, argue the authors of MadCow USA. Apart from being difficult toenforce, these regulations are inadequate:they fail to prohibit cannibalistic feedingpractices in other animals consumed byhumans, e.g., pigs and chickens, and theydon't address the problem of BSE-contami-nated protein getting into anything from cos-metics and drugs to garden fertilisers.

Authors Sheldon Rampton and JohnStauber edit PR Watch, published by theCenter for Media & Democracy, and theyhave an informed perspective on lobbyingby industry groups and food authorities to

minimise the impact of regulations on theirpractices. Apart from the media downplay-ing the BSE/CJD threat, PR and legal firmscounter valid consumer concerns by deni-grating scientists and activists who haveargued for years for the implementation ofcomplete preventive measures in the US.

Rampton and Stauber detail the scientificdiscoveries behind BSE, CJD, kuru, scrapieand other transmissable spongiform diseasesand document the trans-Atlantic political,social and economic background of BSE andits link with CJD. Indeed, TSEs are notunknown in the US, and news of the 1979discovery of a TSE-type disease in pigs isdisturbing in terms of the new FDA regula-tions. US authorities and the American peo-ple would be mad to ignore these warnings.

REVIEWSReviewed by Ruth Parnell

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THE EARTH'S SHIFTING AXIS: Cluesto Nature's Most Perplexing Mysteriesby Mac B. StrainPublisher: ATL Press, Inc., USA, 1997 ISBN: 1-882360-30-3 (270pp h/c); 1-882360-31-1 (s/c) Price: USD$42.95, USD$52.50 (outsideUSA) (h/c); USD$19.95, USD$29.50 (out-side USA) (s/c); NLGƒ43,90Distributor: USA—ATL Press, Inc., POBox 4563 T Station, Shrewsbury, MA01545, ph (508) 898 2290, fax (508) 8982063; Europe—NEXUS office.

Science has yet to explain so many of thegeological events that have shaped the

surface of our planet. We still don't knowfor sure what caused the so-called ice ages,or continental lands high above sea level tobe invaded by ocean, or miles-thick sedi-mentary beds to be deposited, or mammothsto be snap-frozen. One grossly overlookedfactor in our planet's evolution, arguesretired engineer/geologist Mac Strain, is theperiodic shifting of the Earth's axis.

In his book, The Earth's Shifting Axis,Strain presents his Dynamic Axis Theorywhich posits that weight shifts on the planetchange the centrifugal forces at the equator,causing the axis to wobble and seek a newrotational balance. As the Earth's equatorialdiameter is approx. 27 miles greater than thepolar diameter, and as the North Pole wan-ders, we have a recipe for "axis surge".

While he is not the first to point to theeffect of axis shift, Strain has gone to greatlengths to back up his theory with support-ing mathematics and geophysical evidence.

He argues that "magma seas" respond tochanges in these same centrifugal forces bycausing crustal dynamics such as earth-quakes and volcanic eruptions. He suggeststhat his theory may also explain both lati-tude and elevation changes that affectregional climates—and much more.

Mac Strain by no means claims to have allthe answers, but he does pose thought-pro-voking questions that he hopes other scien-tists and engineers will continue to research.

GODS OF EDENby Andrew CollinsPublisher: Headline, UK, 1998 ISBN: 0-7472-2108-1 (372pp h/c) 0-7472-7504-1 (s/c) Price: AUD$49.95 (h/c), $29.95 (s/c);NZD$69.95 (h/c); STG£21.00 (h/c) inc.p&h; NLGƒ68,90Distributors: Aust/NZ/UK— HodderHeadline; UK/Europe— NEXUS offices.

This second book from Andrew Collins(author of From The Ashes of Angels) is

an absorbing read that raises more questionsthan it answers. Collins argues that "ElderGods" sparked the birth of civilisation in theupper Euphrates Valley around the 10th mil-lennium BC. But prior to that they werebased in Egypt, where they built the Sphinxand the Valley Temple at Giza and taughtagriculture and precision tooling to the peo-ple—until the post-ice-age climatic chaosaround 10,500–9500 BC sent them to higherground, to what is now Kurdistan.

Collins claims that the legacy of the ElderGods can be seen in places like Nevali Çoriin south-eastern Turkey, dated to at least8,000 BC, where advanced agricultural,architectural and technological practices pre-ceded the Sumerian civilisation by several

thousand years. Collins identifies the LakeVan region (the source of the Tigris andEuphrates rivers) as the biblical Garden ofEden, but concedes it is still not the home ofthe Elder Gods.

Collins goes on to say that when theSumerians finally found their roots, theyestablished Egypt's first dynastic line—thesecrets of the Gods being under the protec-tion of the Heliopolis priesthood who laterinfluenced the Hebrew tribes.

The source of these Gods is still elusive,for they have left evidence at megalithicsites not only in Egypt and eastern Turkey,but in Central and South America, Europeand even Australia. Collins thus leaves usnone the wiser as to their origins, but takesus on a fascinating journey nonetheless.

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VACCINATION ROULETTE:Experiences, Risks and Alternatives from Australian Vaccination NetworkPublisher: AVN, Bangalow, NSW, 1998 ISBN: 1329-4873 (326pp s/c) Price: AUD$28.00 inc. p&h; AUD$35.00airmail NZ; AUD$40.00 airmail else-where; STG£14.50 inc. p&h in UK Distributors: Australia—AustralianVaccination Network, PO Box 177,Bangalow, NSW 2479, ph +61 (0)2 66871699, fax +61 (0)2 6687 2032; UK—NEXUS office.

Vaccination is a gamble against unknownodds, but in the interests of informed

decision-making the Australian VaccinationNetwork (AVN) has produced this aptlytitled compendium, Vaccination Roulette.

The AVN stresses that people need to bemore aware of vaccine dangers. Adverseside-effects are considerably underreportedor misdiagnosed by ill-informed doctors,while politicians use statistics and defy logicto justify the perceived broad social benefitat the expense of individuals who die or areseverely disabled by vaccines.

So AVN has selected contributions fromscientists, doctors and researchers on therisks and (few) benefits of a variety of vac-cines, and has included some truly heart-rending stories from parents whose childrenhave suffered at the hands of the medical/pharmaceutical 'mafia' or have experiencedfavourable results with vaccine alternatives.

The AVN editors themselves have writtenan incisive intro and conclusion of particularrelevance in Australia: their stance is that

"it is morally, ethically and scientificallyimpossible to justify or to enforce compulso-ry vaccination". In any case, as they pointout, the Australian government is stoppingjust short of compulsory childhood vaccina-tion lest it follow US experience and havemassive damage payouts on its hands.

Vaccination should be a matter ofinformed choice, so, with this in mind, AVNhas provided support group contacts andresources both for Australia and overseas aswell as substantial research references.

THE SECOND MESSIAHby Christopher Knight & Robert LomasPublisher: Century, UK, 1997 ISBN: 0-7126-7719-4 (267pp h/c); 0-0992-2732-0 (s/c)Price: AUD$39.95 (h/c), $16.95 (s/c);NZD$18.95 (s/c); STG£8.00 (s/c) inc. p&h;NLGƒ61,90 (h/c)Distributors: Aust/NZ/UK— RandomHouse; UK/Eur— NEXUS offices.

In their ongoing quest to find the missinghistory of Freemasonry, Christopher

Knight and Robert Lomas (authors of TheHiram Key) further explore the rise and(official) fall of the Knights Templars intheir follow-up book, The Second Messiah.

Their fact-finding mission takes in the fallof Jerusalem in AD 70 but then jumps athousand years to 1118 with the Messianicbloodline heirs returning to Jerusalem to'retrieve' the 'treasure' buried under theTemple and become its guardians. TheseKnights Templars rediscovered and prac-tised the ancient traditions, including king-ship and priesthood rituals, and accumulatedimmense wealth—but were outlawed byPhilip IV of France and the Church in 1312.

The authors were surprised to learn the

ancient and mediaeval roots of many higher-degree rituals of the Ancient Scottish Rite ofFreemasonry. One ritual relates to the mockCrucifixion torture of Grand Master Jacquesde Molay (the second Messiah?) in 1307.They were astounded to learn that the photo-negative image on the so-called Shroud ofTurin is quite probably that of Jacques deMolay. The ritual cloth absorbed his bodilysecretions which became fixed over time bynatural chemical reactions.

Such a revelation will not be popular withthe Church or among the faithful—nor withcertain Freemasons. Indeed, the authorsdespair at how certain rites perpetuated bythe Knights Templars have been abandonedor corrupted by ignorance and Masonic vest-ed interests in the last 300 years.

Surely now is the time for the 'guardians'to reveal the truth?

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CAN BACTERIA CAUSE CANCER? by David J. HessPublisher: New York Uni. Press, 1997 ISBN: 0-8147-3561-4 (233pp h/c); 0-8147-3562-2 (s/c)Price: AUD$50.00; STG£24.00;NLGƒ59,90; USD$26.95Distributors: Aust—Cameron Books, ph(02) 4758 7676; UK/Eur— NEXUS offices;USA—New York University Press, ph1800 996 6987 (toll-free in US), website,www.nyupress.nyu.edu.

Today, the consensus on the link betweenbacteria and cancer is that bacteria iso-

lated from cancer tissues represent sec-ondary infections that have nothing to dowith tumour genesis. But there is a fascinat-ing research tradition into a bacterial (ormicrobial) cause for cancer.

As anthropologist/science studies profes-sor David J. Hess explains in Can BacteriaCause Cancer?, the consensus arose due toseveral factors. It was a combination ofsuppression, the power of financial and pro-fessional interests plus the cultural and gen-der-logical factors of an increasingly indus-trialised climate that caused the demise ofpromising research and therapies, includingcancer vaccines, from Coley, Glover, Rifeand Livingstone, and the rise of invasivesurgery and toxic treatments.

Cancer research became institutionalised,and new specialisations arose that had littleknowledge of the theory or implications ofpleomorphism: that micro-organisms havemultiple evolutionary stages. The theory as

espoused by Antoine Béchamp was consid-ered extreme and was discounted by themedical 'establishment' of the day. In viewof DNA research since the 1950s, Hess, too,discounts the extreme pleomorphic view.

Though he rejects the single microbe theo-ry, Hess argues for the overhaul of cancerresearch, therapies and policies to allow fur-ther investigation of promising alternativetheories and treatments. Research into bac-terial, fungal, viral, parasitic and amoebiccausation does continue today, albeit under-ground and with little recognition.

THE CASE FOR THE FACE: Evidencefor Alien Artifacts on Marsedited by Stanley V. McDaniel andMonica Rix PaxsonPublisher: Adventures Unlimited, 1998ISBN: 0-932813-59-3 (311pp s/c) Price: AUD$30.00; NZD$36.50;STG£15.50; NLGƒ39,90; USD$17.95 +postage & handlingDistributors: Aust/NZ/UK/Eur— NEXUSoffices; USA—Adventures Unlimited, POBox 74, Kempton, IL 60946, ph (815) 2536390, fax (815) 253 6300.

The so-called "Face" in the Cydoniaregion of Mars, first photographed by

the Viking mission in 1976 and again by theMars Global Surveyor in early April thisyear, is nothing more than a natural geologi-cal formation, a mesa, according to NASA.The media have been dismissive, seizing achance to denigrate the "conspiracy theo-rists" who claim there is evidence for theformation being an artificial structure or atleast a natural form that has been sculptedby other than just natural erosion processes.

Many of these alleged "conspiracy theo-rists" happen to be respected space scien-tists, phycisists, photographic specialists,engineers, geologists and anthropologists—some of whom have even worked forNASA. A collection of their research intothe Martian mysteries has been compiled inThe Case For The Face, released just priorto the first Global Surveyor image.

A browse through this book does strike ithome how a considerable body of evidencefor the Face can been rejected outright withjust one photo taken from one view withoutany variation of light angle or distance—andrejected by scientists and reporters who havebarely investigated the Face, let alone thelandscape anomalies of the nearby "City",which are in square-root-of-two relationshipto each other. The release of the Cityimages in late April has not quelled the con-troversy (see Twilight Zone this issue).

No one wants to 'lose face' over theseanomalies, but closer study is warranted ifall the questions are to be answered.

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THE KEYS TO THE TEMPLEby David Furlong Publisher: Piatkus Books, UK, 1997 ISBN: 0-7499-1745-8 (312pp h/c) Price: AUD$34.95; NZD$49.95;STG£16.99; NLGƒ61,90; USD$16.95;CAN$27.95Distributors: Aust—Hodder Headline, ph(02) 9841 2800; NZ—David Bateman Ltd,ph (09) 415 7664; UK—Piatkus Books, ph0171 631 0710; Europe—NEXUS; USA—London Bridge, ph 1800 805 1083; Can—General Publishing, 1800 387 0141.

In 1975, David Furlong (a surveyor/townplanner and a practising healer) made an

exciting discovery while studying the pat-terns, alignments, sacred sites and ley ener-gies of Marlborough Downs, Wiltshire, UK.

He identified a twin-circle pattern (a vesi-ca pisces design), each with a radius of 5.96miles (9,570 metres), upon which lies anarray of barrows, tumuli, henges such asAvebury, and churches (some built on pre-existing sites) in geometric relationship witheach other and with other major ley lines.The next year he discovered, hidden withinits design, the geometric blueprint of theGreat Pyramid of Khufu at Giza in Egypt!

The Keys to the Temple is the culminationof 25 years of research into this relationship.Furlong draws on the groundbreaking 'ley-hunting' research of Alfred Watkins in the1920s and John Michell who identified theSt Michael's ley in his 1969 book, ViewOver Atlantis. He also speculates on whatthe Knights Templars knew about the site'sparallels with the Pyramid's secrets.

Furlong argues that the emergence of thestone circle epoch in Neolithic Britain coin-cided with the rise of dynastic Egypt around3,100 BC. The progenitors of these cultureswere survivors of a catastrophe and passedon their advanced knowledge of astronomy,geometry, surveying, engineering andmasonry to the people in these distant lands.His claim that this catastrophe was the finalfall of Atlantis conflicts with another schoolof thought that marks it at circa 10,500 BC.

Applying his surveying and computingskills, Furlong presents a compelling expla-nation for how the ancients designed theircomplex landscape alignments.

BRINGING THE WAR HOMEby William ThomasPublisher: Earthpulse Press, USA, 1998 ISBN: 1-890693-24-3 (444pp h/c) Price: AUD$40.00; STG£18.50;USD$19.95 + p&hDistributors: Aust—Cameron Books, ph(02) 4758 7676; UK—NEXUS office;USA—Adventures Unlimited, ph (815) 2536390, fax (815) 253 6300.

The devastating effects of the PersianGulf War will be felt for generations to

come. More than 100,000 US and UK ser-vice personnel, their spouses and childrenstricken with a variety of illnesses broadlydefined as "Gulf War syndrome", can attestto this—as can millions of Iraqi civilians.

In Bringing the War Home, Canadian jour-nalist/activist William Thomas writes ahard-hitting exposé of the military, sci-tech,political and ecological madness before, dur-ing and since the Gulf War. To the detri-ment of his own health, Thomas worked inthe region with GEERT, the Gulf Environ-mental Emergency Response Team hehelped form right after the Gulf oil spill thatcame ashore on the Saudi Arabian coast.

Thomas documents the facts the Pentagonactively denies: chemical and biologicalwarfare by Iraq (denied because between1985–1989 American taxpayers subsidisedthe export of large quantities of CBW rawmaterials to Iraq); the US use of depleteduranium shells that often backfired on theirown troops and are implicated in the grow-ing incidence of cancer and deformities inIraqi children; and the vast array of illnessesattributed not only to CBW attack and oil/oilfire pollution but an untested cocktail ofvaccines, pesticides and other contaminants.

Thomas is not afraid to expose the mili-tary-industrial war machine that refuses totake responsibility for the horrors it hasunleashed. He writes of the suffering sol-diers and their families, and the scientistswho, against the odds, attempt to understandtheir symptoms and alleviate their pain.

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MILK: The Deadly Poisonby Robert CohenPublisher: Argus Publishing, USA, 1998 ISBN: 0-9659196-0-9 (330pp h/c) Price: STG£22.00; NFGƒ54,90;USD$24.95; CAN$34.00 Distributors: UK/Europe— NEXUS offices;USA—Argus Publishing, Inc. 301 SylvanAvenue, Englewood Cliffs, NJ 07632, ph(201) 871 5871, toll-free 1888 668 6455,fax (201) 871 9304.

Contrary to what the dairy industry wouldhave us believe, milk and dairy products

are by no means a recipe for good health.Cow's milk contains bovine growth hor-mones, bacteria and antibiotics, cholesteroland fat, pesticides and viruses, to name but afew substances, and is implicated in causingbreast cancer, osteoporosis, heart diseasesand chronic childhood illness. It cannot bedigested by any mammals beyond infancy—and humans are no exception.

But what happens when dairy cows areinjected with a genetically engineeredbovine growth hormone? Apart from thecows suffering adverse health effects likemastitis (they're not meant to produce milkin the quantities demanded by modernindustry), their milk creates significantlyincreased levels of the insulin-like growthfactor 1 (IGF-1) which is identical in cowsand humans. The hormone is not killed bypasteurisation or human gastric acids, andits bioactivity rises nearly 30 times in thepresence of oestrogens. When nations withthe highest rates of breast cancer have thehighest per-capita intake of milk and dairy

products, is it wise for engineered growthhormones to be foisted on consumers?

All this and much more is excruciatinglydocumented by Robert Cohen in Milk: TheDeadly Poison. Following the US FDA'sapproval of rBGH in 1993, he embarked ona fact-finding crusade that revealed collu-sion between Monsanto (the company thatdeveloped rBGH), various authorities (theFDA, NIH, USDA, AMA) and Congress.Between them they sanctioned a substancethat has never been tested in human trials,and that the European Community has evendeemed unsafe. You have been warned!

THE MYSTERY OF EASTER ISLANDby Katherine RoutledgePublisher: Adventures Unlimited, USA,1998 (first published 1919)ISBN: 0-932813-48-8 (404pp s/c) Price: AUD$28.00; NZD$34.90; STG£15;NLGƒ37,90; USD$16.95 + p&hDistributors: Aust/NZ/UK/Eur— NEXUSoffices; USA—Adventures Unlimited, POBox 74, Kempton, IL 60946, ph (815) 2536390, fax (815) 253 6300.

In 1913 a scientific expedition set sail fromSouthampton, England, aboard the yacht

Mana on what would be a 21⁄2-year journey.The Mystery of Easter Island (first publishedin 1919 and now reprinted), documents theiroutward voyage down South America andaround Patagonia, the eighteen months theyspent on Easter Island, and their homewardjourney via Pitcairn Island, Tahiti, Hawaiiand San Francisco, through the PanamaCanal to Jamaica and Bermuda and thenback home to England.

The author, Kathleen Routledge, accompa-nied her husband not only to document thevoyage in words and sketches but, particu-larly on Easter Island, to study the inhabi-tants' cultural and historical backgroundwhile he investigated their artefacts.

Her book remains a valuable sourcebookfor what it tells of the Easter islanders' livesand the legends about their origins and wars,their strange rongo-rongo script (onlyrecently deciphered), their "bird cult" rites(still being practised in 1914), and, ofcourse, their enigmatic stone statues—mostof which had been toppled or destroyed inthe preceding 200 years of European pres-ence on the island. Routledge surmises thatthe islanders' ancestors migrated there in'waves' no longer than 1,000 years ago.

The expedition members explored theisland's secret caves, roads, pyramid plat-forms and rock carvings as well as the stat-ues, some still only half-cut in their quarries.Their intrepid wanderings and meetingswere amply photographed, illustrated andmapped for this now-classic text.

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THE SIRIUS MYSTERYby Robert TemplePublisher: Century, UK, 1998 ISBN: 0-7126-7874-3 (440pp h/c) Price: AUD$35.00; NZD$39.95;STG£17.50 inc. p&h; NLGƒ61.90Distributors: Aust/NZ/UK— RandomHouse; UK/Eur— NEXUS offices.

The 1976 release of The Sirius Mysterycreated huge public interest and a scien-

tific furore. Since then, author/scholarRobert Temple has endured ill-argued criti-cism from academia, and ill-placed attentionfrom several 'intelligence' agencies, to con-tinue his research and produce a revised,expanded edition of his milestone book.

The thesis of The Sirius Mystery focuseson the Dogon tribe of Mali, whose ancienttraditions and legends incorporate knowl-edge about the Sirius star system. (Theinvisible Sirius B was only discovered lastcentury and not photographed until 1970,while Sirius C was only confirmed in 1995.)

Temple argues that the ancestors of theDogon migrated to the region, taking withthem knowledge they obtained from a com-mon source that influenced the Sumeriansand Egyptians about 5,000 years ago. Thatsource, he suggests, was visitors from Sirius,who passed on their astronomical, mathe-matical and technological knowledge.

Anubis the dog (protector of the secrets)and the "Dog Star" Sirius were important tothe Egyptians, and Temple points to evi-dence that the Sphinx was not a statue of alion but of Anubis. He explains the watererosion on the Sphinx as being the result ofits body being surrounded in ancient timesby a water-filled moat that periodically silt-ed up and had to be drained. This alsoaccounts for the head of the Sphinx showing

less erosion than the body. So, he argues,the erosion was not caused by severe climat-ic change, and thus the Sphinx is youngerthan geologists like Robert Schoch sug-gest—maybe only 5,000 or so years old.

Temple also identifies a fascinating dis-crepancy in the dimensions of the twolargest Giza pyramids that equates with the1.053 mass differential between Sirius B andour Sun—the so-called "sacred fraction".This, he believes, can be no accident, andsmacks of intervention from the stars.

KOMBUCHA TEA FOR YOURHEALTH AND HEALINGby Alick & Mari Bartholomew Publisher: Gateway Books, UK, 1998ISBN: 1-85860-049-9 (190pp s/c) Price: AUD$26.95; NZD$39.95;STG£10.00; USD$14.95; CAN$21.95 +$3.95 p&hDistributors: Aust—Banyan Tree BookDistributors, ph (08) 8363 4244; NZ—Peaceful Living Publications, ph (07) 5718105; UK—NEXUS office; USA—AccessPublishers Network, ph (616) 276 5196,1800 345 0096; Canada—Temeron Books,ph (403) 283 0900.

The authors of this comprehensive guideto kombucha (the healing fungus with an

illustrious ancient Eastern history) haveincluded up-to-date research in order tomake both orthodox and complementaryhealth practitioners more aware of its amaz-ing properties as a metabolic balancer, a pro-biotic, an adaptogen and a detoxifier.

The book, Kombucha Tea for your Healthand Healing, was written by Alick and MariBartholomew (he the publisher of GatewayBooks, and she a shiatsu therapist), whostarted The Kombucha Tea Network in theUK in 1993. (Alick, by the way, was instru-mental in producing a revised edition ofHarald Tietze's Kombucha: The MiracleFungus, which he first came across in aNEXUS review! Indeed, Harald's book hasbeen the Network's bible ever since.)

Just about all you need to know about howthe kombucha fungus works, how to preparea culture and how to brew the tea successful-ly is covered in the Bartholomews' book.There's a summary of medical research, anextensive Q&A section, an A-Z of diseasesand imbalances that can be treated with thefungus, plus information on contraindica-tions, cancer prevention, first aid, holisticself-healing, recipes, cosmetics and caringfor animals and plants.

The Bartholomews also include detailedcase histories from kombucha users whoattest to its efficacy and empowering bene-fits. If you've not yet explored this phenom-enal fungus, this is a great place to start.

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LETHAL MEDICINEProducer: The Nature of Wellness, USA,1997 (PAL & NTSC, 55mins) Price: AUD$38 in Aust; AUD$41.50 toNZ; USD$40 to UK/Eur; USD$27 in USA;USD$35 to Canada/Sth AmericaDistributors: Aust/NZ— Campaign AgainstFraudulent Medical Research, PO Box234, Lawson NSW 2783, Australia,phone/fax +61 (0)2 4758 6822, e-mail,[email protected]; USA/Can/UK/Eur—The Nature of Wellness, PO Box 10400,Glendale, CA 91209-3400, ph (818) 7906384, fax (818) 790 9660, e-mail, [email protected], website, www.animalre-search.org.

This is without a doubt the very best doc-umentary I have ever seen that details

the subject of animal experimentation. Ifyou're squeamish, don't worry; this is not avideo that relies on emotive animal-suffer-ing imagery to capture your attention andsupport. This is a video that deals with thescientific facts!

It is a scientific fact that an animal's reac-tion to drug- or substance-testing bearsabsolutely no relevance to that substance'seffects on humans. The documented evi-dence presented here by experts will astoundand amaze all viewers, even the 'converted'.

The viewer gradually realises that becausethe species are so different, it is a completeand cruel fallacy to assume that drugs andsubstances are therefore safe for humanexposure or consumption. Many, if notmost, of the horrific side-effects of modernmedicine occur largely because substancesare not tested on humans but on animals—hence the title, "Lethal Medicine".

Everyone should watch this video!

VACCINATION: The Hidden TruthProducer: Taycare Pty Ltd, Australia, 1997(PAL & NTSC, 90mins) Price: AUD$40.00 inc. p&h; NZD, STG,NLG, USD prices on applicationDistributor: Aust/NZ/UK/Eur— NEXUSoffices; Aust—Taycare Pty Ltd, Suite 20,10-12 Ray St, Turramurra NSW 2074, ph(02) 9144 6625, fax (02) 9440 3001, e-mail, [email protected]; USA—NewAtlantean Press, ph (505) 983 1856.

What can I say? Again, this is without adoubt the very best documentary in

terms of content on the subject of vaccinesand immunisation that I have ever seen! Itis jammed full of scientific facts, all drawnfrom peer-reviewed medical literature anddelivered by doctors and researchers who,after investigating the subject, are speakingout about the dangers.

If you or your friends don't have time toread books on the subject of vaccination,then get this video. It is tremendously infor-mative on all aspects of the debate, includ-ing how to tackle fixing the damage causedby vaccines.

This is a video that every doctor shouldwatch and respond to. It is a sad day whendoctors rely more on drug company propa-ganda for information than their own peer-reviewed literature!

HIGH STRANGE NEW MEXICOProducer: Taos Communications Empire,USA, 1997 (107mins) Price: USD$24.95 + $4.00 p&h (+ $1.45sales tax in NM) Distributor: USA—Taos CommunicationsEmpire, Inc., 4221 Brockmont NE,Albuquerque, NM 87108, ph (505) 2600965, e-mail [email protected].

Don't be put off by the title! This greatmovie covers much more than just 'high

strangeness' in New Mexico. Sure, it covers the Roswell incident and

Socorro, the waves of UFOs overflyinglarge towns in broad daylight during the1950s and many other unexplained phenom-ena, but, utilising interviews, etc., it alsoexplores what's going on in people's headsabout it all—which extends the boundarieswell beyond New Mexico!

I like the fact that the producers gave timeto people who were mildly sceptical, as wellas time to people directly involved with eachcase. The video gives what I consider to bean accurate perspective on what is going onin many people's minds, and thus capturesthe current pulse of ufology extremely well.

This is not a video that tries to convinceyou of anything. It is well edited, well doc-umented and, overall, leaves you thinking.As you can tell, I like it!

REVIEWSReviewed by Duncan Roads

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THE MUSIC OF ISLAM (compilation)Producers: David Parsons for CelestialHarmonies, Arizona, USA, 1997 (79mins) Distributors: Australia—Festival, ph (02)9660 4022; USA—Celestial Harmonies,ph (520) 326 4400, fax (520) 326 3333;US orders, Hear's Music, 1800 501 3472.

One of the misfortunes of the long historyof stereotyping and conflict between

Islam and the West is that it has fosteredignorance of one another's great music andculture, but David and Kay Parsons, work-ing in cooperation with Celestial Harmoniesof the US, have laboured for 10 years to pro-duce this amazing collection. There are 15albums in the set, covering the entire Islamicbelt from Morocco to Indonesia, where one-fifth of the world's people live. This compi-lation CD has representative tracks from 10countries as a sampler. A must-have collec-tion, lovingly put together.

STORMBIRDby Matthew Doyle and Tony LewisProducers: Tony Lewis for One WorldMusic, Australia, 1998 (56mins) Distributors: Australia—One WorldMusic, ph (07) 3367 0788; UK—NewWorld Music, ph 0198 678 1682.

Australian Aboriginal didgeridoo hasbeen resonating around the planet and is

the new 'in' ethnic instrument, like the djem-be. Matthew Doyle has recorded three pre-vious albums of didgeridoo music and hasbeen involved with didge and dance for over15 years as well as with various music anddance projects around the world. ForStormbird, he's joined with percussionist/composer Tony Lewis and put together analbum of raw, traditional-style didge,backed by Tony's international mix of per-cussion, whistle, flute, congas and cymbals.

EMER KENNY (self-titled)Producer: Jeffrey Lesser for TrilokaRecords, USA, 1998 (51mins) Distributors: Australia—Mercury/PolyGram, ph (02) 9207 0500; USA—Triloka/Mercury, ph (310) 996 7200.

Afirst release from a new Irish singer whoblends traditional Celtic with a more

contemporary style. Her voice is often veryethereal and floating in style and at timeshaunting in its impact. Producer JeffreyLesser has worked with the likes of TheChieftains and Sinead O'Connor. OnKenny's album he combines pipes, violins,harp (Emer is also a classical harpist), fluteand guitars with contemporary keyboards toproduce remarkably eclectic arrangementsof both the visionary and the ancient in Irishmusic. A new talent from Eire is abroad!

CAFE PARADISOby Steve ErquiagaProducers: Dawn Atkinson and SteveErquiaga for Imaginary Road Records,USA, 1997 (60mins) Distributors: Australia/NZUK /USA—PolyGram Records.

To hear a skilled guitarist play is such atreat. There are so many albums of

acoustic guitar being released today and it'sgreat to find one of such exemplary qualityas Café Paradiso. Steve Erquiaga specialis-es in contemporary arrangements of the clas-sics and he's done a superb job with these.He includes Bach's "Arioso" and "Prelude inC Minor", Rachmaninov's "Sérénade", andhis arrangements of themes from CinemaParadiso. His work has appeared in a num-ber of film soundtracks, including The Firmand Forrest Gump. Smooth and mellowmusic from a master of the guitar.

CHAKRADANCERby BrainscapesProducer: Alain Eskinasi for CyberOctave, Malibu, USA, 1997 (59mins) Distributors: Australia—MRAEntertainment, ph (07) 3849 6020; USA—Higher Octave Music, fax (310) 589 1525.

Brainscapes is a project of music meta-physician Alain Eskinasi. Experiment-

ing in new ground in musical composition,this album is one of Eskinasi's series usingtherapeutic music techniques based on theChinese elements, chakra toning, soundimaging, meditation and trance dance. Thetechniques are designed to stimulate (notrelax) the seven chakras and open up thebody's energy centres for creative work andenjoyment. Using seven crystal bowlsarranged in the traditional chakra set, hemixes his sound landscapes with ethnic per-cussion. The result is remarkable.

Reviewed by Richard Giles

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Throughout the ages, parliaments andgovernments have had as much trouble asthe Church in confronting the Messianicsocial code, and the position is no differenttoday. Presidents and prime ministers are'elected' by the people. They are supposedto represent the people. But do they? Inactual fact, they don't. They are alwaysaffiliated to a political party, and theyachieve their positions by way of majorityparty vote. But not everybody takes thetrouble to vote, and sometimes there aremore than two parties to vote for.Consequently, at any given time, more thanhalf the people of a nation may not be rep-resented by the political party in power. Inthis regard, even though a 'majority vote'has been applied, the democratic principlefails. What emerges is not "government bythe people, f o r the people", but "govern-ment of the people".

Jesus confronted a very similar situationin the first century. At that time, Jerusalemand Judaea were under Roman occupation,with King Herod and the Governor, PontiusPilate, both appointed by Rome. But whorepresented the people? The people were

not Romans; they were Holy Land Jews—Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes and the like.Apart from that, there were large numbersof Samaritans and Gentiles (non-Jews, theArab races). Who represented them? Theanswer is "no one"—until Jesus made it hismission to do so.

This was the beginning of the Grail codeof non-affiliated princely service—a codeperpetuated by the Messianic dynasts intheir continuing role as "common fathers"to the people. The Grail code is based onthe principles of liberty, fraternity andequality, and it was particularly apparent inthe American and French revolutions, bothof which discarded the lordship of despoticaristocracy. But what has replaced it? Ithas been replaced by party politics andlargely non-representative government.

From the Middle Ages there were a num-ber of chivalric and military orders specifi-cally attached to the Messianic BloodRoyal in Britain and Europe. They includ-ed the Order of the Realm of Sion and theOrder of the Sacred Sepulchre. But themost prestigious of all was the SovereignOrder of the Sangréal—the Knights of theHoly Grail. This was a dynastic order ofScotland's Royal House of Stewart, the

royal house which in the 14th centuryintroduced the unicorn of the Cathars as thesovereign emblem of Scotland. Shortlyafterwards, they introduced the prestigiousOrder of the Unicorn, which carried theGrail motto "All as One".

Like King Arthur, the Stewart Kings alsohad a dual Desposynic heritage from bothJesus and his brother James. In fact, fromthe 1370s they were the senior house of theMessianic line, and they were Europe'slongest-reigning dynasty, holding theircrown for 317 years until finally deposedby the Anglican Church in 1688. Theywere deposed because, in compliance withthe Grail code, they claimed affinity to Godand the nation before Parliament, theChurch and the aristocracy.

Today, the senior legitimate descendantin this line is HRH Prince Michael Stewart,Count of Albany (whose own book, T h eForgotten Monarchy of Scotland, is sched-uled for publication by Element Books inMay 1998).

And now to a question that I have fre-quently been asked in the months

since Bloodline of the Holy Grail was pub-lished. The question is: why is all this

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information coming to light at this particu-lar time?

The fact is that the information has neverbeen suppressed by those whom it con-cerns. It has been suppressed by outsidepower-seekers who have sought to servetheir own ends, rather than serve the com-munities they are supposed to represent.

Today, however, we are in a new age of'questing', as many people grow more disil-lusioned with the establishment dogmasthat prevail. We live in an age of satellitecommunications, sound-barrier travel,computers and the Internet—so the worldis effectively much smaller than before. Insuch an environment, news travels veryquickly, and the truth is far more difficultto restrain.

Also, the very fabric of the 'male-domi-nated' Church and governmental structuresis being questioned, and it is generally per-ceived that the old doctrines of spiritualcontrol and territorial management are notworking. More and more people aresearching for the original, uncluttered rootsof their faith, and for their purpose in soci-ety. They are seeking more effective forms

of administration to combat the all-too-apparent slide into social and moraldecline. They are, in fact, questing for theHoly Grail.

This quest for new enlightenment is con-siderably heightened by the coming newmillennium, and there is a widespread feel-ing that this should also present a newRenaissance, an era of rebirth wherein theprecepts of the Grail code are acknowl-edged and practised—the precepts of liber-ty, fraternity and equality.

Grail lore spells out loud and clear thatthe wound of the Fisher King must behealed if the wasteland is to return to fertil-ity. And so, given that I had been affordedprivileged access over past years to thearchives of the Knights Templars, theCeltic Church and the Messianic sovereignhouses of Europe, the time arrived for meto play my own small part in trying to healthe age-old wound of the Fisher King. Theresult was my book, Bloodline of the HolyGrail. ∞

About the Speaker:Sir Laurence Gardner, Kt St Gm, KCD, is an inter-nationally known sovereign and chivalric geneal-ogist. He holds the position of Grand Prior of theCeltic Church's Sacred Kindred o f Saint

Columba, and is distinguished as the ChevalierLabhràn de Saint Germain. Sir Laurence is alsoPresidential Attaché to the European Council ofPrinces, a constitutional advisory body estab-lished in 1946. He is formally attached to theNoble Household Guard of the Royal House ofStewart, founded at St Germain-en-Laye in 1692,and is the Jacobite Historiographer Royal.

Editor's Notes:• Sir Laurence Gardner will be a guest speaker atthe 1998 NEXUS Conference, 25-26 July, inSydney, Australia.• Correspondence should be addressed to SirLaurence Gardner, Kt St Gm, KCD, c/- ElementBooks, Shaftesbury, Dorset, SP7 8DP, UnitedKingdom.• Laurence Gardner's book, Bloodline of theHoly Grail: The Hidden Lineage of JesusRevealed, contains the detailed story upon whichthis lecture was based. It was published byElement Books in 1996 (ISBN 1-85230-870-2h/c), and is now available in paperback (ISBN 1-86204-152-0), distributed by Penguin Books andwidely available through bookshops. It wasreviewed in NEXUS 4/01. The second book inhis Grail bloodline trilogy is Genesis of the GrailK i n g s, which is scheduled for publication in(northern) Spring 1999. • Copies of Laurence Gardner's video presenta-tion can be obtained from NEXUS Office in theUK; and in the USA, from Ramtha's School ofEnlightenment, PO Box 1210, Yelm, WA 98597,telephone +1 (360) 458 5201, website,www.ramtha.com. Orders from Australia andNZ should be sent to the USA; cost, AUD$46.00inc. p&h, for both tapes (specify PAL/VHS).

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and share relevant information.92

Stigson wrote to OECD official DonJohnston, expressing his concern about theinclusion of binding language on environ-mental standards in the MAI, and, in thesame letter, he generally promotes theWBCSD's gospel of business self-regula-tion.93

Quoting Agenda 21, 94 Stigson argues that"trade liberalisation is a positive force forsupporting the most environmentally andeconomically efficient use of goods andresources, and hence for contributing tosustainable development".

He then concludes that "investment liber-alisation is a close relative of trade liberali-sation, and can be expected to produce asimilar positive impact". He expects thatthe greatest benefits will arise from theinclusion of Third World countries in theMAI.

Stigson acknowledges possible conflictsbetween new environmental regulation andthe MAI, and suggests these could besolved by "making explicit the types ofassurances that business and many negotia-tors say is already in the agreement, while

maintaining the very important goals of theMAI". He suggests that the reference toNAFTA Section 114.1 in the MAI draftalready "ensures all stakeholders a bal-anced implementation of the agreement indispute resolution processes". This, how-ever, is hardly reassuring. This very clausedid not prevent the US Ethyl Corporationfrom challenging a Canadian environmen-tal law as an expropriation in a NAFTAcourt last year.

In his letter, Stigson expresses strongreservations about a provision under whichcountries would obligate themselves not toreduce their environmental standards inorder to attract or maintain investments, beit non-binding or mandatory. He does notaltogether reject mandatory provisions,provided these can really be enforced andwill bring clear benefits. Stigson alsorecognises that the MAI could encouragecompanies to shift investment to pollutionhavens.

Rather than including environmentalstandards for investments in the MAI, hesuggests the WBCSD 'solution' of "soundenvironmental management systems as analternative to command and control envi-ronmental standard setting". ∞

Endnotes46. Chakravarthi Raghavan, Third World NetworkFeatures, 1404/96, p. 1.47. Chakravarthi Raghavan, Third World NetworkFeatures, 1527/96.48. The eight countries were Egypt, Ghana, Haiti,India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Tanzania and Uganda.The position of the eight countries was later echoedby the 11 trade ministers of the Southern AfricanDevelopment Community (SADC). Source: MartinKhor, Third World Network Features, 546/96, p. 5.49. Idem, p. 4.50. Idem.51. "The Outcome of Singapore: Statement by SirLeon Brittan, Vice-President of the EUCommission", IP/96/1172, 13 December 1996.52. Martin Khor, Third World Network Features,1547/96, p. 4.53. Interview with Mr Koulen, WTO Division forIntellectual Property Rights and Investment, 30January 1998.54. Report (1997) to the General Council.55. "Investment Liberalisation: A New Issue for theWTO", Address by the Right Honourable Sir LeonBrittan, Vice-President of the EuropeanCommission, Cologne, 11 June 1996.56. "World business urges global investment pact",ICC statement from 11 November 1996. The WorldInvestment Forum took place on 10 October 1996 inGeneva, Switzerland. 57. The Nation, 24 December 1997.58. The Chambers of Commerce are organised in theInternational Bureau of Chambers of Commerce(IBCC).59. Interview on 29 January 1998 with Vincent J.O'Brien, Deputy Director of Communications, ICC.60. ICC, "The World Business Organization in

MAIGALOMANIA! The Multilateral Agreement on Investment

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1997", p. 4.61. ICC Commission on International Trade andInvestment Policy, Document no. 103/179 Rev., 30April 1996.62. Ibid, p. 3.63. The ERT is a think-tank, research and lobbygroup representing some 47 of the largest Europeantransnational corporations in Europe. For moreinformation see CEO report, "Europe, Inc.".64. ERT, "European Industry and the DevelopingWorld – For a Global Framework of Mutual Interestand Trust", June 1997, p. 9.65. ERT, "European Industry: A Partner for theDeveloping World. Foreign Direct Investment as aTool for Economic Development and Cooperation:Suggestions for Future Improvement", 1993, p. 35.66. ERT, "Investment in the Developing World:New Openings and Challenges for EuropeanIndustry", December 1996, p. 13.67. ERT, "Survey on Improvements in Conditionsfor Investment in the Developing World", 1993.68. ERT, "Investment in the Developing World:New Openings and Challenges for EuropeanIndustry", December 1996, p. 13.69. Peer review is a traditional system at the OECDin which countries are encouraged to reach commonpositions in a committee rather than through a dis-pute settlement procedure. Source of this section:ERT, "European Industry and the Developing World– For a Global Framework of Mutual Interest andTrust", June 1997, p. 9.70. Idem; foreword by Helmut Maucher.71. Idem, p. 5.72. UNCTAD press release, 8 December 1997.73. Phone conversation with UNICE, January 1998.

74. Joint statements from UNICE and Keidanren, 23November 1995 and 13 December 1996.75. Source: USCIB website,http://www.imex.com/uscib/76. Honeywell and General Electric were the firsttwo companies investigated under NAFTA's sideagreement for labour violations in their Mexicanmaquilladoras. Source: "USCIB's Corporate CrimeBlotter, or Levelling the Playing Field for Felons",Michelle Sforza, Preamble Collaborative, draft,January 1998.77. USCIB website.78. USCIB press release, 24 May 1995.79. Idem.80. Idem.81. USCIB's President Abraham Katz, letter to USTrade Representative Charlene Barshefsky.82. "USCIB Concerns with EnvironmentalProvisions for the MAI", USCIB President AbrahamKatz's letter to US Deputy Trade RepresentativeJeffrey Lang, 11 July 1997.83. The Washington Times is well known for thesympathetic representation of business interests in itspages. Fred Singer, leader of the Science andEnvironment Project, an industry lobby which organ-ised an aggressive misinformation campaign againstclimate change prevention, is on the newspaper'scouncil.84. Timothy E. Deal, Senior Vice President, USCIB,"Why We Need the Multilateral Agreement onInvestment", Washington Times, 25 December 1997.85. Idem.86. The FTA was the basis for the NAFTA treaty.87. Stuart Carre, BCNI, in front of the Sub-Committee on International Trade, Trade Disputesand Investment of the Standing Committee onForeign Affairs and International Trade, 25

November 1997.88. Idem. "This has cast a pall of uncertainty overthe ability of US negotiators to deliver on any nego-tiated trade and investment agreements, and thatincludes the MAI." 89. Statement by Keidanren and UNICE at the WTOMinisterial Conference, Singapore, 13 December1996.90. Keidanren's "Views on MAI Negotiations", 17June 1997.91. The WBCSD has many renowned corporate pol-luters as members, including British Petroleum,Cargill, Fiat, General Motors, ICI, Lafarge,Monsanto, Nestlé, Philips, Procter & Gamble, RioTinto Zinc, Son, Statoil, Texaco, Toyota, Unilever,Volvo, Waste Management International, WesternMining Corporation and Weyerhauser.92. E-mail from Marcel Engel, WBCSD, 29 January1998.93. Letter dated 9 January 1998.94. Agenda 21 is the action plan which came out ofthe 1992 Rio Earth Summit.

About the Author: This briefing was prepared by Belen Balanya,Ann Doherty, Olivier Hoedeman, Adam Ma'anitand Erik Wesselius for Corporate EuropeObservatory (CEO), an Amsterdam-based non-profit organisation et up to monitor and report onthe political activities of European corporationsand their lobby groups. CEO encourages readersto spread this briefing or use the information con-tained in it, but would appreciate receiving acopy of any published article citing it. Interestedparties who would like to be on CEO's e-maildistribution list should e-mail their details directto Corporate Europe Observatory.

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I've always resented my work beingassociated under the catch-all phrase"alternative medicine". My treatment

involves an extremely focused hybrid ofwhat is considered "conventional medi-cine". However, in my pursuit of any formof therapy that could augment or evensupersede my own findings, I've alwaysbeen interested in alternatives as opposedto conventional, toxic and often barbarictreatments.

Although there is hope of finding otherpractitioners who have medical informationto offer, I have yet to find any break-throughs that would complement my own.

I've been appalled to find alternativehealth organisations that sell juice drinks,vitamin C shots and laetrile powders todesperate patients—products costing hun-dreds and often thousands of dollars yetonly costing a few cents to make.

It was in this spirit that I made this offer:US$100,000 to any "alternative" therapythat can prove 10 cases of full cancerremission.

Additionally, I made this offer to thesceptical world of conventional medicine:

US$100,000 to any reputable medicalorganisation that will test and publish theresults of my AIDS and cancer vaccines.

No one has yet come forward to make aclaim on these offers.

With the realisation that InducedRemission Therapy can offerfavourable results now, and with

the assistance of additional resources, med-ical industry professionals who are trulydedicated to curing disease, and have theability to catalogue, store and culture auto-genous vaccines on a large scale, could andwould alter medical treatment as recog-nised today. Historically, institutions areresistant to change. Change comes slowly.So for any promising therapy to be accept-ed into the mainstream of medical practice,this would require a paradigm shift in med-ical science as we know it today.

IRT deals with maladies at the geneticlevel. Indeed, it is the only therapy now inapplication that concentrates on disease atthis level. The matrix of many diseases isat the genetic level, so many types of ill-ness can be treated with IRT.

Genetic correction is the only hope forachieving a cure in such disease conditions

as AIDS and cancer, and starkly contraststhe available toxic and inferior modalitiesthat attack disease mechanisms and symp-toms while leaving a damaged blueprint.

The best demonstration of this remark-able ability can be seen in the cases whereHIV virus is genetically removed from thecell nucleus. Not only is the body purgedof the disease, but it is able to repair dam-age suffered during the course of the ill-ness. This opens up a new field of cellularregeneration never before possible.

The capacity to reverse age- and disease-related DNA damage opens a new world oftherapeutic opportunity and almost limit-less applications. ∞Editor's Notes:• For further details, or to obtain videos on DrChachoua's Induced Remission Therapy, phone(213) 655 0271 in the USA; or visit website,www.peg.apc.org/~nexus/chachoua.html. • To obtain the video of Dr Chachoua's 1995lecture, contact Independent Medical Research,Suite 401, 135 Macquarie Street, Sydney NSW2000, Australia, phone +61 (0)2 9247 5366, fax+61 (0)2 9247 5453. Price: AUD$35 + $6 p&hin Aust, $8 to NZ, $15 to UK/Europe (PAL);AUD$45 + $15 p&h to USA (NTSC). • Dr Chachoua's book, The Challenge, ThePromise & The Cure, is scheduled to be pub-lished in late 1998.

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Dr Sam Chachoua's Induced Remission Therapy

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