nfais social discovery-v5
DESCRIPTION
NFAIS.org Miles Conrad Award Lecture,Social Discovery in an Information Abundant WorldTRANSCRIPT
Social Discoveryin an Information Abundant World
Ben Shneiderman [email protected] @benbendc
Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction LabProfessor, Dept. of Computer Science
Member, Institute for Advanced Computer Studies
Miles Conrad Award LectureNFAIS, Feb. 28, 2011
Interdisciplinary research community - Computer Science & Info Studies - Psych, Socio, Poli Sci & MITH (www.cs.umd.edu/hcil)
Design Issues
• Input devices & strategies• Keyboards, pointing devices, voice
• Direct manipulation
• Menus, forms, commands
• Output devices & formats• Screens, windows, color, sound
• Text, tables, graphics
• Instructions, messages, help
• Collaboration & Social Media
• Help, tutorials, training
• Search www.awl.com/DTUI
Fifth Edition: 2010
• Visualization
Spotfire: Retinol’s role in embryos & vision
http://www.spotfire.com
Fact-Finding SearchNFAIS 2008
Discovery Process: Task Analysis
Specific fact finding (known-item search) On what day was Barack Obama born? <Google succeeds>
NFAIS 2008
Discovery Process: Task Analysis
Specific fact finding (known-item search) On what day was Barack Obama born? <Google succeeds>
Extended fact finding (vague query) What cities did John McCain live in since he became a Senator?
Exploration of availability (vague result request) What genealogical information on Barack Obama is at the National Archives?
NFAIS 2008
Discovery Process: Task Analysis
Specific fact finding (known-item search) On what day was Barack Obama born? <Google succeeds>
Extended fact finding (vague query) What cities did John McCain live in since he became a Senator?
Exploration of availability (vague result request) What genealogical information on Barack Obama is at the National Archives?
Open-ended browsing and problem analysis (hidden assumptions) How has John McCain’s position on the environment changed since 2001?
Mismatch with metadata (requires exhaustive search) How has Barack Obama’s choice of clothing changed during his campaign?
NFAIS 2008
Discovery Process: Task Analysis
Specific fact finding (known-item search
Extended fact finding (vague query
Exploration of availability (vague result request
Open-ended browsing and problem analysis (hidden assumptions
Mismatch with metadata (requires exhaustive search
NFAIS 2008
Discovery Process: Task Analysis
Specific fact finding (known-item search
Extended fact finding (vague query
Exploration of availability (vague result request
Open-ended browsing and problem analysis (hidden assumptions
Mismatch with metadata (requires exhaustive search
1-minute
Weeks &Months
NFAIS 2008
Discovery Process: Design Challenges
Enrich query formulation
Expand result management
Enable long-term effort
Enhance collaboration
Deal with special cases: - Legal, patent & medical searches require thoroughness - Proving non-existence is difficult - Outlier items can be critical - Bridging items can be critical
NFAIS 2008
NFAIS 2011
• Tsunami, Flood, Drowning, Inundated Information Abundance
NFAIS 2011
• Tsunami, Flood, Drowning, Inundated Information Abundance
• Content Community
NFAIS 2011
• Tsunami, Flood, Drowning, Inundated Information Abundance
• Content Community
• PetaFlops, GigaHertz, TeraBytes PetaContribs, GigaCollabs, TeraThankYous
Wikipedia
NFAIS 2011: Social Discovery
• Facebook minutes exceed Google minutes
NFAIS 2011: Social Discovery
• Facebook minutes exceed Google minutes
• Social referral exceeds solitary search
http://ukwebfocus.wordpress.com/2010/06/09/if-social-discovery-is-beating-traditional-search/
Search and Rescue: How to Become Findable and Shareable in Social Media http://searchenginewatch.com/3639969
Social Referral Exceeds Solitary Search
NFAIS 2011: Social Discovery
• Facebook minutes exceed Google minutes
• Social referral exceeds solitary search
• Ambitious challenges generate powerful collaborations
NFAIS 2011: Social Discovery
• Facebook minutes exceed Google minutes
• Social referral exceeds solitary search
• Ambitious challenges generate powerful collaborations
• Shift to App discovery & mobile search
NFAIS 2011: Social Discovery
• Facebook minutes exceed Google minutes
• Social referral exceeds solitary search
• Ambitious challenges generate powerful collaborations
• Shift to App discovery & mobile search
• Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social Social
Discovery Process: Visual Analytics
Thomas & Cook, Illuminating the Path (2004)
Sense-Making Loop
•Information Seeking
•Information Foraging
•Exploration Insight
•Present Results
Social Discovery: New Media Lifestyle
Prosumption Cycle
•Producers & Consumers
•User Generated Content
•Crowdsourcing
•Collective Intelligence
http://www.socialtimes.com/2008/07/new-media-lifecycle-social-discovery/
Social Bookmarking: del.icio.us & connotea
Collaboration: Tagging & voting
www.hivegroup.com
Treemap: Digg Overview
Chomp: App Discovery
Blekko:
YAHOO! Answers
Wikia Answers
Quora
Search question topicsRead questions Read answers from named sourcesRate & contribute
VIVOweb: Enabling Networking of Scientists
Biodiversity: Encyclopedia of Life
eol.org
NASA Clickworkers: Crowdsource Science
Citizen Science Alliance
Collaboratories: Discovery Communities
Bos et al.,
Olson, Gary M., Zimmerman, Ann, & Bos, Nathan. (2008) Scientific Collaboration on the Internet. MIT Press.
Health, Healthcare & Wellness
Social Marketplace: Mechanical Turk
Social Challenge: Netflix Prize
Social Search/Discovery: Active & Passive
Social Challenge: Innocentive
TopCoder: Asking for Programming Help
• Linux, Mozilla, Apache,...
• CrisisCamp, Sahana, Hackathons, ....
Social Discovery
SocialDiscovery Create Capacity Seek Solution
Individual Tag, Comment, Rate, Review, Summarize
Ask questions, Offer challenge,Request collaboration, Seek experts
Community Establish thesauri,Prepare catalogs,Aggregate knowledge,Organize resources
Give answers, Respond to challenge, Discuss alternatives, Offer advice
Reader Contributor Collaborator `AllUsers
From Reader to Leader:Motivating Technology-Mediated Social Participation
Preece & Shneiderman, AIS Trans. Human-Computer Interaction1 (1), 2009 aisel.aisnet.org/thci/vol1/iss1/5/
Leader
Motivating Readers
Usability SociabilityInteresting & relevant content presented in attractive, well-organized layouts
Encouragement by friends, family, respected authorities, advertising
Frequently updated content with highlighting to encourage return visits
Repeated visibility in online, print, television, other media
Support for newcomers: tutorials, animated demos, FAQs, help, mentors, contacts
Understandable norms & policies
Clear navigation paths sense of mastery and control
Sense of belonging: recognition of familiar people & activities
Universal usability: novice/expert, small/large display, slow/fast network, multilingual, support for users with disabilities
Charismatic leaders with visionary goals
Interface design features to support reading, browsing, searching, sharing
Safety & privacy
Motivating Contributors
Usability Sociability
Low threshold interfaces to encourage small contributions (no login)
Support for legitimate peripheral participation
High ceiling interfaces that allow large frequent contributions
Chance to build reputation over time while performing satisfying tasks
Visibility for users’ contributions & impact - aggregated over time
Recognition for the highest quality & quantity of contributions
Visibility of ratings & comments Recognition of a person’s specific expertise
Tools to undo vandalism, limit malicious users, control pornography & libel
Policies & norms for contributions
Motivating Collaborators
Usability SociabilityWays to locate relevant & competent individuals to form collaborations
Atmosphere of empathy & trust that promotes belonging to the community & willingness to work within groups to produce something larger
Tools to collaborate: communicate within groups, schedule projects, assign tasks, share work products, request assistance
Altruism: a desire to support the community, desire to give back, willingness to reciprocate
Visible recognition collaborators, e.g. authorship, citations, links, acknowledgements
Ways to develop a reputation for themselves & their collaborators; develop & maintain status within group
Ways to resolve differences (e.g. voting), mediate disputes & deal with unhelpful collaborators
Respect for status within the community
Motivating Leaders
Usability Sociability
Leaders are given higher visibility & their efforts are highlighted, sometimes with historical narratives, special tributes, or rewards
Leadership is valued and given an honored position & expected to meet expectations
Leaders are given special powers, e.g. to promote agendas, expend resources,
or limit malicious users
Respect is offered for helping others & dealing with problems
Mentorship efforts are visibly celebrated, e.g. with comments from mentees
Mentors are cultivated & encouraged
NodeXL: Network Overview for Discovery & Exploration in Excel
www.codeplex.com/nodexl
NodeXL: Network Overview for Discovery & Exploration in Excel
www.codeplex.com/nodexl
NodeXL: Import Dialogs
www.codeplex.com/nodexl
Tweets at #WIN09 Conference: 2 groups
Tweets at #NFAIS11 Conference: Sunday
Size by Betweenness Centrality
Tweets at #NFAIS11 Conference: Sunday
Tweets at #NFAIS11 Conference: Monday
Size by Betweenness Centrality
Tweets at #NFAIS11 Conference: Monday
Size by Betweenness Centrality
Tweets at #NFAIS11 Conference: Monday
Size by Betweenness Centrality, Color by Cluster
Tweets at #NFAIS11 Conference: Monday
Size by Followers, Color by Cluster
WWW2010 Twitter Community
Tweets for #HCI: 2 groups
Oil Spill Twitter Community
www.codeplex.com/nodexl/
CHI2010 Twitter Community
www.codeplex.com/nodexl/
Tweets: #GOP
www.codeplex.com/nodexl/
NodeXL: HIPAA, F-R layout, Size by Followers
www.codeplex.com/nodexl
NodeXL: HIPAA, H-K layout, extract smalls, size by Tweets
www.codeplex.com/nodexl
NodeXL: HIPAA, H-K, Size by Betweenness Centrality
www.codeplex.com/nodexl
NodeXL: HIPAA, H-K, Size by Betweenness Centrality
www.codeplex.com/nodexl
NodeXL: HIPAA, H-K, Size by Betweenness Centrality
www.codeplex.com/nodexl
NodeXL: HIPAA, H-K, Size by Betweenness Centrality
www.codeplex.com/nodexl
Flickr clusters for “mouse”
Computer Mickey
Animal
Flickr networks
Analyzing Social Media Networks with NodeXL
I. Getting Started with Analyzing Social Media Networks 1. Introduction to Social Media and Social Networks 2. Social media: New Technologies of Collaboration 3. Social Network Analysis
II. NodeXL Tutorial: Learning by Doing 4. Layout, Visual Design & Labeling 5. Calculating & Visualizing Network Metrics 6. Preparing Data & Filtering 7. Clustering &Grouping
III Social Media Network Analysis Case Studies 8. Email 9. Threaded Networks 10. Twitter 11. Facebook 12. WWW 13. Flickr 14. YouTube 15. Wiki Networks
www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/723354/description
Social Media Research Foundation
Researchers who want to - create open tools - generate & host open data - support open scholarship
Map, measure & understand social media
Support tool projects to collection, analyze & visualize social media data.
smrfoundation.org
UN Millennium Development Goals
• Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger• Achieve universal primary education• Promote gender equality and empower women• Reduce child mortality• Improve maternal health• Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases• Ensure environmental sustainability• Develop a global partnership for development
To be achieved by 2015
28th Annual SymposiumMay 25-26, 2011
www.cs.umd.edu/hcil
Social Discovery
SocialDiscovery Create Capacity Seek Solution
Individual Tag, Comment, Rate, Review, Summarize
Ask questions, Offer challenge,Request collaboration, Seek experts
Community Establish thesauri,Prepare catalogs,Aggregate knowledge,Organize resources
Give answers, Discuss alternatives, Respond to challenge, Offer advice
Social Discovery in an Information Abundant World Ben Shneiderman [email protected] Twitter @benbendc University of Maryland, Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction Lab Professor, Department of Computer Science, Member, Institute for Advanced Computer Studies Miles Conrad Award Lecture NFAIS, February 28, 2011