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Applying NFPA 101Applying NFPA 101®® Life Life Safety CodeSafety Code® ® to Building to Building

RehabilitationRehabilitation

Kristin ColletteKristin ColletteFire Protection EngineerFire Protection Engineer

NFPANFPA

ReferenceReference

• NFPA 101NFPA 101®® Life Life Safety CodeSafety Code®®

• 2009 Edition2009 Edition

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Definitions and Scope of Definitions and Scope of Chapter 43Chapter 43

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Minimum RequirementsMinimum Requirements

• Compliance with provisions for Compliance with provisions for existingexisting

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ComplianceCompliance

• Work mandated for compliance with LSC Work mandated for compliance with LSC for existing buildings (or an accessibility, for existing buildings (or an accessibility, property, housing or fire code) exempt from property, housing or fire code) exempt from Chapter 43.Chapter 43.

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Categories of WorkCategories of Work

• RepairRepair• RenovationRenovation• ModificationModification• ReconstructionReconstruction• Change of Use Change of Use • Change of OccupancyChange of Occupancy• AdditionAddition• (Historic Buildings)(Historic Buildings)

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Definition – RepairDefinition – Repair

• Patching Patching • PaintingPainting• RestorationRestoration

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Definition - RenovationDefinition - Renovation

• Replacement in kindReplacement in kind• Refinishing, replacement or upgrading of Refinishing, replacement or upgrading of

existing materials, equipment or fixturesexisting materials, equipment or fixtures• NO reconfiguration of spaceNO reconfiguration of space

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Definition - ModificationDefinition - Modification

• Reconfiguration of a spaceReconfiguration of a space• Addition, relocation or elimination of a Addition, relocation or elimination of a

door or windowdoor or window• Addition or elimination of load-bearing Addition or elimination of load-bearing

elementselements• Reconfiguration or extension of any systemReconfiguration or extension of any system• Installation of additional equipmentInstallation of additional equipment

Definition - ModificationDefinition - Modification

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Definition - ReconstructionDefinition - Reconstruction

• Reconfiguration of spaceReconfiguration of space– Affects exit or corridor used by more Affects exit or corridor used by more

than one occupant spacethan one occupant space– Work area not permitted to be occupied Work area not permitted to be occupied

because means of egress / fire protection because means of egress / fire protection features are impaired.features are impaired.

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ReconstructionReconstruction

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Definition – Change of UseDefinition – Change of Use

• Change in purpose or level of activity, Change in purpose or level of activity, without a change of occupancy, that without a change of occupancy, that involves a change in application of the Codeinvolves a change in application of the Code

• Applies even if no physical change (4.6.12)Applies even if no physical change (4.6.12)

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Definition – Change of UseDefinition – Change of Use

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Definition – Change of Definition – Change of OccupancyOccupancy

• The change of occupancy classification of a The change of occupancy classification of a structure or portion thereof.structure or portion thereof.

• Example: Example: – Elementary School to Office BuildingElementary School to Office Building– Restaurant <50 to restaurant >50Restaurant <50 to restaurant >50– Lodging and Rooming House increases Lodging and Rooming House increases

sleeping arrangements from 12 to 20sleeping arrangements from 12 to 20

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Definition - AdditionDefinition - Addition

• An increase in aggregate building area, An increase in aggregate building area, floor area, height or number of stories of a floor area, height or number of stories of a structurestructure

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Definition – Rehabilitation Definition – Rehabilitation Work AreaWork Area

• The area affected by the renovation, The area affected by the renovation, modification or reconstructionmodification or reconstruction

• Excludes other portions where incidental Excludes other portions where incidental work must be performedwork must be performed

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Multiple Work CategoriesMultiple Work Categories

• More than one work category is permittedMore than one work category is permitted• Where areas are separate, each category is Where areas are separate, each category is

applied independentlyapplied independently• Modification and Reconstruction in same Modification and Reconstruction in same

area, Reconstruction rules apply unlessarea, Reconstruction rules apply unless– Reconstruction is < 10% of modification Reconstruction is < 10% of modification

areaarea

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Multiple Work CategoriesMultiple Work Categories

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Multiple Work CategoriesMultiple Work Categories

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Historic BuildingsHistoric Buildings

• Any rehabilitation:Any rehabilitation:– In accordance with 43.10, ORIn accordance with 43.10, OR– In accordance with respective sections In accordance with respective sections

of Chapter 43, ORof Chapter 43, OR– Comply with NFPA 914, Comply with NFPA 914, Code for Fire Code for Fire

Protection of Historic StructuresProtection of Historic Structures

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NFPA 914

Code forFire Protection

in HistoricStructures

2007 Edition

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Historic BuildingsHistoric Buildings

• Only applies for historic buildings Only applies for historic buildings undergoing building rehabilitation – undergoing building rehabilitation – otherwise see Chapter 4otherwise see Chapter 4

• Evaluation reportEvaluation report• RepairsRepairs• Repairs, Renovations, Modifications, Repairs, Renovations, Modifications,

ReconstructionReconstruction• Change of OccupancyChange of Occupancy

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Historic Building EvaluationHistoric Building Evaluation

• Criteria for report authorCriteria for report author• Required safety features and their impact on Required safety features and their impact on

historic elementshistoric elements• Non-compliant features and means to provide Non-compliant features and means to provide

equivalent life safetyequivalent life safety• Possible review/comments by local preservation Possible review/comments by local preservation

officialofficial• Use or occupancy by public requires H & S reportUse or occupancy by public requires H & S report

ApplicationApplication

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ApplicationApplication

• Repair, renovation, modification or Repair, renovation, modification or reconstruction must comply withreconstruction must comply with– ““Existing” occupancy chapter ANDExisting” occupancy chapter AND– Applicable requirements of Chapter 43Applicable requirements of Chapter 43

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RepairsRepairs

• Use like materials, or materials permitted Use like materials, or materials permitted by Codeby Code

• Shall not make building less conforming Shall not make building less conforming than beforethan before– Can be reduced to “new” (43.1.4.4)Can be reduced to “new” (43.1.4.4)

• Shall not be less than existing (43.1.2.1)Shall not be less than existing (43.1.2.1)

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RenovationsRenovations• Comply with existingComply with existing• Shall not make building less conforming Shall not make building less conforming

than beforethan before– Minor reductions in door or window Minor reductions in door or window

clear openings permittedclear openings permitted• Interior finish = newInterior finish = new• Reconfiguration or extension of any system Reconfiguration or extension of any system

or the installation of equipment = or the installation of equipment = ModificationModification

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ModificationsModifications• Must meet Renovations ANDMust meet Renovations AND• Work itself must meet newWork itself must meet new• ““Extensive Modifications” = ReconstructionExtensive Modifications” = Reconstruction

– Modification of entire occupancy orModification of entire occupancy or– Modification > 50% of buildingModification > 50% of building

• Reconstruction not applicable if work is Reconstruction not applicable if work is only electrical, plumbing, mechanical, or only electrical, plumbing, mechanical, or fire protectionfire protection

Module 7-30

Reconstruction – Means of Reconstruction – Means of EgressEgress

Illumination Emergency Lighting

Module 7-31

Reconstruction - SprinklersReconstruction - Sprinklers

Module 7-32

Reconstruction - SprinklersReconstruction - Sprinklers

Module 7-33

Reconstruction - SprinklersReconstruction - Sprinklers

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Change in UseChange in Use

• Meet requirements applicable to use Meet requirements applicable to use createdcreated

• Meet requirements for existingMeet requirements for existing• New hazardous areas meet newNew hazardous areas meet new• Meet requirements applicable to work Meet requirements applicable to work

category (if any)category (if any)

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Hazard CategoriesHazard Categories

1

3

2

4

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Change of OccupancyChange of Occupancy• Within or to lesser Within or to lesser

hazard categoryhazard category– existingexisting– sprinklers per newsprinklers per new– alarms per newalarms per new– hazardous areas per hazardous areas per

newnew• Change to higher Change to higher

hazard category hazard category – newnew

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AdditionsAdditions

In Summary:In Summary:

A.38X = Required D = “It depends” IF = new interior finish wp = work performed wp* = wp plus add’l items

Thank you!Thank you!

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