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What is a NGO?

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Definition

In a broadest sense:

Not based on government

Non profit makingCan vary depending on function:

In U.S.: Private Voluntary Organizations

In Africa: Voluntary DevelopmentOrganizations

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DefinitionWorld Bank

The diversity of NGOs strains any simple definition. They includemany groups and institutions that are entirely or largelyindependent of government and that have primarily humanitarian orcooperative rather than commercial objectives. They are privateagencies in industrial countries that support internationaldevelopment; indigenous groups organized regionally or nationally;and member-groups in villages. NGOs include charitable andreligious associations that mobilize private funds for development,distribute food and family planning services and promote community

organization. They also include independent cooperatives,community associations, water-user societies, womens groups andpastoral associations. Citizen groups that raise awareness andinfluence policy are also NGOs

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Definitioncontd

Impossible to give one unique answer, butNGOs have following characteristics:

1. Engaging in suffering relief activities2. Promoting interest of the poor3. Protecting the environment

4. Providing basic social services5. Advocating community development

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Types of NGOS

Orientation:1. Charitable: Needs of the poor/disaster relief

(Feed the Hungry, Red Cross)

2. Service: Provision of health, family planning oreducation (Planned Parenthood)

3. Participatory: Self-help project with localpeople involvement (Habitat for Humanity)

4. Empowering: Help poor people develop aclearer understanding of social, political, andeconomic factors (Amnesty International)

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Types of NGOS contd

Level of operation:

1. Community-based organizations

2. Citywide organizations3. National NGOs4. International NGOs

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Types of NGOS contd

Key Issues:

1. Environment

2. Labor Standard3. Poverty4. Globalization5. Animal Rights

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NGO facts

1. Began in 1800s as catalyst for social reform(Red Cross1859, Save the Children Fund

after WWI)2. Huge Growth in 1990s (International NGOs:1988- 8579 1996- 23,135 UIA data).Growth in membership (Worldwide Fund for

Nature: 2000- @5.7 million members 1985-570,000)

3. Varying size (1 person to thousands)

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Role of NGOs in globalizing world

Per Boutros-Ghali in 1995

Non-governmental organizations are a basicelement in the representation of the modernworld. And their participation in internationalorganizations is in a way a guarantee of thelatters political legitimacyFrom the stand pointof global democratization, we need the

participation of international public opinion andthe mobilizing powers of non-governmentalorganizations.

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Role of NGOscontd

1. Increasing role in development From relief services (logistics

management) to development services(strategic management)

2. Creating a smaller, more interdependent,

global community Internet: Bring forth issues to many