nguyen van hoa, vietnam
TRANSCRIPT
Artemia pond culture Artemia pond culture in Viet Nam: Study and applicationin Viet Nam: Study and application
Nguyen Van Hoa and Co-WorkersAquaculture and Fisheries Sciences Institute,
University of Can Tho, Viet NamTel. 84 71 834307Fax: 84 71 830323
Email: [email protected]
Variation of rain-fall in Soc Trang and Bac Lieu during 1990 to 1995
0
100
200
300
400
500
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Rain
-fal
l (m
m/m
onth
)
Soc Trang Bac Lieu
Variation of air temperature in Soc Trang and Bac Lieu during 1990 to 1995
20
25
30
35
40
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Temp
erat
ure
(°C)
Max ST Max BL min ST min BL
The project area (Vinh Chau) and its climatic conditions
Artemia production in Viet NamArtemia production in Viet Nam
Total culture area, cyst production and cyst yield in Vinh Chau and Bac Lieu
0
20
40
60
80
100
91 93 95 97 99 20010200400600800100012001400
Area Cyst Yield
Potential and draw-backPotential
Local conditions (i.e. coastal line of Mekong delta) are suitable for Artemia culture.High primary production
and suitable algal species.Less investment and early
cyst (product) harvesting makes suitable for poor farmers to re-invest and therefore reduce the total investment.Simple culture techniques.
DrawbackBad and unstable weather
(e.g. El Nino, La Nina).Intensive culture systems
need higher investment, therefore not suitable for poor farmers.Food limitation and high
temperature at the end of dry season reduce pond production.Lacking of extentionist.
• Cooperation projectsThrough ARC(Ghent University, Gent,
Belgium); KWT, IMAG (The Netherlands), FAO, EC.
FAO supports a Technical Cooperation Project (TCP) to establish a national Artemia research center at CTU (Dec. 1986)
EC-DGXII-STD2 Project 1990-1992
•• Development of Artemia culture in salt farms of the Vinh Chau Bac Lieu area
•• Development of integrated penaeid shrimp culture with Artemia and salt production
EC-DGXII-STD3 Project 1992-1995
•• Investigate for Artemia Biomass production and valorization
•• Integration of Artemia cyst and biomass production in static and semi-static systems
•• Use of live Artemia biomass in penaeid shrimp nurseries
•• Use of processed Artemia biomass for various target species (ornamental fish, com mercial fingerlings
VLIR-EI: Optimization of Artemia Culture in earthen ponds(01/1995-12/1998)
***Main ongoing International Cooperation Projects•• Involvement in the new VLIR Institutional University Cooperation Project (B1) with the Can Tho University during 1999 to 2002. To study an interactions between pond bottom (soil quality) and the water column (brackish tohypersaline waters) in Artemia ponds.
Main ongoing project: VLIR-B1
Soil ScienceDepartment
Algae blooms
Water quality
Stocking density
Soil Quality
Environment Manag. Dept.
Artemia production
Aquaculture and Fisheries Sciences Institute
Main ongoing project: VLIR-B1
To describe the problems in pond culture
Artemia pond culture (static system): Constraints, Solutions and aims
Transfer to farmers
Cyst quantity and quality ?
60 N/l is good for rich and poor organic ponds as higher cyst yields
To overcome of bloom but problem with food limitation
Algae bloom, lacking foodTurbidity, precipitation
To improve the pond management procedures
Feeding to ponds should reply more on :−N,P available ?−Type of algae and biomass ?
To clarify a proper stocking density in Vinh Chau
High stocking density at rich organic pond
PROPOSALBased on “Study an adaptation of SFB on
Vinh Chau saltfields” (1)
(samples: SFB, Y1, Y2, Y3 and VC)SFB 1258 (Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium)Y = Year = Generation VC = Vinh Chau (SFB origin since ‘86)Factors to study: Salinity (80-120 ppt) and Temperature (26, 30 and 34°C)
(1) Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium;Bodega Marine laboratory, University of California (Davis), Bodega Bay, USA; School of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, Swansea and Aquaclture and Fisheries Sciences Institute, Can Tho University, Vietnam.
• Field observation:Parameters: survival, cyst yield=> Y3 > Y2 > Y1 > SFB; and Y3~VC• Laboratory observation:Parameters: survival, growth, life-tableResults: => Y3 > Y2 > Y1 > SFB; and Y3~VC• Genetic analysis: Allozyme, mtDNA, hsp70
Allozyme = no indication of genetic impoverishment through the successive generations of Vietnamese Artemia
mtDNA = reduction in gene diversity (as measured at the haplotype level) in the Vinh Chau populations
hsp70 = first generation V* adults is not reflected in their content of hsp70, compared to the levels in SFB adults although higher thermo-tolerance was observed in VC.(V* = Y1; Clegg et al., 2000)
Question
• Any difference in genetic between SFBx(AF 858/24, Ghent, Belgium.1986) and SFB1258 (Ghent, Belgium.1996)?
• What difference in heat-resistance among SFB generations ?
Artemia culture in salt-fields