nha2 - tom tat ve np & vp

8/3/2019 NHA2 - TOM TAT VE NP & VP

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I> DEFINITION

English syntax) which is usually Aphrase is a syntax unit (a string of

words that conform to the rules ofmade up of more than one word, andis immediate between word and

clause level in sentences (Finch,2000 : 112)


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II> CLASSIFICATIONII.1> NOUN PHRASE

II.1.1> Structure

PRE-NOMINAL MODIFIER

+HEAD NOUN

+

POST-NOMINAL MODIFIEREx: the new market downtown

Pre-nom.Mod. Head Post-nom.Mod.


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PRENOMINAL MODIFIERS

restricterpredeterminer

determinerpostdetermineradjectivenoun

modifierNOUN HEAD

E.g.:-just another romantic college girl-both those two aimless male fellows

-all her first red summer roses


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Post nominal modifiers

-adjectives/adjective phrases, e.g. anyroom available

- Adverbs, e.g.: the people upstairsare

- adjective/relative clause adjectival,

e.g.: a person who you can rely on- noun phrase adjectival, e.g.: the

decision that time was correct


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- prepositional phrase adjectival, e.g.: agift from God, peace at heart

- non-finite clause-adjectival which maybe an infinitive clause, or apresent/pastparticiple clause, e.g.: theperson to clean up the party, the manstanding by the door, the memoriesforgotten for twenty years

-appositive adjectival, e.g.: Mary Evans,a graduate in journalism, became afeature writer for the Saturday review;


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II.1.2> Functions SubjectAn air of quiet grief pervades the countryside.

Direct object She recalls that summer oftheir engagement

Indirect object

She gave the homeless children her life.

Retained objectShe was given choices to make.

Subject complementLove is the most beautiful sentiment the Lord

has put into the soul of men and women.


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Object complement

I find it an impossible mission.

Prepositional complement (=OP)

She walked down the long carpeted aisle.

Pre-nominal modifier

Theradiant summers red roses stayed forever inmy mind

Appositive

Her brother, a world-wide famous philanthropist,has gone to Brazil as a missionary.

Adjunct

Ive been there three times.


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II.2> VERB PHRASEII.2.1> Structure

NOT

+

UP TO 4 AUXILIARIES+

LEXICAL VERB

E.g.: will not have been beingconsidered


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II.2.2> Characteristics Tense: past, present, future

Aspect: progressive/continuous, perfective, e.g.:Im goingfor a walk; Ive left Saigon for ten years

Mood:indicative(Were going to the movies thisevening),imperative (Close the door),subjunctive (If I were him, I wouldnt let hergo)

Voice, e.g.: The storm hit the central region.(active)

The central region was hit by the storm. (passive)

Number, e.g. She likes ice-cream; Mary hasfinished the course; Does Anne come fromCanada?

Person, e.g. Was I wrong?He wasnt at Marysparty last night.


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II.2.3> Functions Finite verb phrase: functionsas a verb

assuming the role of predicate in a sentence-The child is sleeping.- Iknowa man who can help.

predicate Non-finite verb phrase:functions as

adjunct to modify a whole sentence-She stopped and stood quietly in the dark,

listening to the notes of a childhood song(circumstance adjunct)

-To understand them better, she submergedherself into the needy community(adjunct ofpurpose)

nha2 - tom tat ve np & vp

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