nickel (ni) a transition metals a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge the fifth...
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Nickel (Ni)a transition metalsA silvery-white
lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge
The fifth most abundant element in the earth
Common in the crust
Nickel (Ni)
Atomic number 28
Atomic mass 58.71 g.mol -1
Density 8.9 g.cm-3 at 20°C
Melting point 1453 °C
Boiling point 2913 °C
Discovered by Alex Constedt 1751
Applications 85% of metallic nickel used in combination with
other metals alloys
1. Used in gas turbines and rocket engines
- easy to work and can be drawn into wire - resist corrosion even at high temperatures
Nickel (Ni)
gas turbines
rocket engines
2. Used for propeller shaft in boats and desalination plants- Monel: an alloy of nickel and copper- Hard, can resist the corrosion by sea water
3. Used to make stainless steel- used very widely in the home, in architecture,- in health care, in food processing and - throughout industry.
Nickel (Ni)
Monel
Stainless steel cutlery
4. Used to make Nickel-cadmium batterySmall NiCd dry cells are used for portable electronics and toys rechargeable batteryoften using cells manufactured in the same sizes as primary cells
at the cadmium electrode
at the nickel electrode
The net reaction during discharge is
Nickel-cadmium battery
Nickel (Ni)
5. Use as catalystAlkenes can react with hydrogen at high
temperature (150 ℃) to produce alkanes. catalytic hydrogenationUse to make margarine from animal oils and
vegetable oils
6. Used for making nickel steels added to give increased strength and
toughness over that obtained with the ordinary rolled structural steel
adapted for case-hardening
Nickel (Ni)
7. Used in nickel-copper alloys and nickel silver
nickel-copper alloys: - improves strength and corrosion resistance - good ductility is retained - excellent resistance to marine corrosion and
biofouling Nickel silver - used in better-quality keys, making musical
instruments (e.g. cymbals, saxophones), production of coins.
- marine fittings and plumbing fixtures for its corrosion resistance, and heating
Nickel (Ni)
Nickel silver coins
8. Used to make malleable nickel, nickel clad, Inconel and other superalloys
Inconel: nickel-chromium-based superalloys common in gas turbine blades, seals, and
combustors, in the boilers of waste incinerators etc.
9. Used in plating commonly used in engineering coating
applications where wear resistance, hardness and corrosion protection are required
10. Use for nickel cast irons Used in cast iron bridges, buildings, textile mills
Nickel (Ni)
11. Used in heat and electric resistance alloys e.g. Nichrome
widely used in electric heating elements, such as in hair dryers, electric ovens, soldering iron, toasters, and even electronic cigarettes
12. Used for nickel brasses and bronzes it is composed of 70% copper, 24.5% zinc and
5.5% nickel used to make pound coins in the pound sterling currency
Nickel (Ni)
Nickel compounds1. Nickel (II) sulphate useful for electroplating nickel
2. Nickel (II) chloride produced by dissolving nickel residues in
hydrochloric acid
3. Nickel(III) oxide used as the cathode in many rechargeable
batteries, e.g. nickel-cadmium
Nickel (Ni)