Answer—RonaldWantsToKnow:Wapakoneta,Ohio

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Word of the Weekastronaut — a personengaged in or trained forspaceflight

The Bookshelf

Write On!

One Giant Leapauthor: Don Brown

Neil Armstrong: Young Pilotauthor: Montrew Dunham

Neil Armstrong: One GiantLeap For Mankindauthors: Tara Dixon-Engleand Mike Jackson

Airplanes drewNeil Armstrong’sinterest from theage of six, when hetook his first airplaneride. He begantaking flying les-sons at age 14,and on his 16th birthday he wasissued a pilot's license. A seriouspilot even at that age, Armstrongbuilt a small wind tunnel (a tunnelthrough which air is forced atcontrolled speeds to study theeffects of its flow) in the base-ment of his home. He also per-formed experiments using themodel planes he had made.Through such activities he waspreparing for what would be adistinguished career in aeronau-tics, or the design, construction,and navigation of aircrafts.

If you could be an astro-naut right now, wherewould you like to fly to?We want to hear from you!Email:Dwolfe@tdnpublishing.com

NewspaperKnowledge

Neil Armstrong was born inWapakoneta, Ohio, on August 5,1930. After serving in the KoreanWar and then finishing college,he joined the organization thatwould become NASA. He joinedthe astronaut program in 1962,and was command pilot for hisfirst mission, Gemini VIII, in1966. He was spacecraft com-mander for Apollo 11, the firstmanned lunar mission, and thefirst man to walk on the moon.He died in 2012.

Military ServiceAstronaut Neil Armstrong

developed a fascination withflight at an early age and earnedhis student pilot's license whenhe was 16. In 1947, Armstrongbegan his studies in aeronauticalengineering at Purdue Universityon a U.S. Navy scholarship.

His studies, however, wereinterrupted in 1949, when hewas called to serve in theKorean War. A U.S. Navy pilot,Armstrong flew 78 combat mis-sions during this military conflict.He left the service in 1952, andreturned to college. A few yearslater, Armstrong joined theNational Advisory Committee forAeronautics (NACA), which laterbecame the NationalAeronautics and SpaceAdministration (NASA). For thisgovernment agency he workedin a number of different capaci-ties, including serving as a testpilot and an engineer. He testedmany high-speed aircraft, includ-ing the X-15, which could reacha top speed of 4,000 miles perhour.

Astronaut ProgramIn his personal life,

Armstrong started to settledown. He married Janet Shearonon January 28, 1956. The couplesoon added to their family. SonEric arrived in 1957, followeddaughter Karen in 1959. Sadly,Karen died of complicationsrelated to an inoperable braintumor in January 1962. The fol-lowing year, the Armstrongs wel-

comed their third child, sonMark.

That same year, Armstrongjoined the astronaut program. Heand his family moved toHouston, Texas, and Armstrongserved as the command pilot forhis first mission, Gemini VIII. Heand fellow astronaut David Scottwere launched into the earth'sorbit on March 16, 1966. While inorbit, they were able to brieflydock their space capsule withthe Gemini Agena target vehicle.This was the first time two vehi-cles had successfully docked inspace. During this maneuver,however, they experienced someproblems and had to cut theirmission short. They landed in thePacific Ocean nearly 11 hoursafter the mission's start, andwere later rescued by the U.S.S.Mason.

Moon LandingArmstrong faced an even

bigger challenge in 1969. Alongwith Michael Collins and EdwinE. "Buzz" Aldrin, he was part ofNASA's first manned mission tothe moon. The trio werelaunched into space on July 16,

1969. Serving as the mission'scommander, Armstrong pilotedthe Lunar Module to the moon'ssurface on July 20, 1969, withBuzz Aldrin aboard. Collinsremained on the CommandModule.

At 10:56 p.m., Armstrongexited the Lunar Module. Hesaid, "That's one small step forman, one giant leap formankind," as he made hisfamous first step on the moon.For about two and a half hours,Armstrong and Aldrin collectedsamples and conducted experi-ments. They also took photo-graphs, including their own foot-prints.

Returning on July 24, 1969,the Apollo 11 craft came down inthe Pacific Ocean west ofHawaii. The crew and the craftwere picked up by the U.S.S.Hornet, and the three astronautswere put into quarantine forthree weeks.

Before long, the three Apollo11 astronauts were given awarm welcome home. Crowdslined the streets of New York Cityto cheer on the famous heroeswho were honored in a ticker-tape parade. Armstrong receivednumerous awards for his efforts,including the Medal of Freedomand the Congressional SpaceMedal of Honor.

Neil Armstrong (1930-2012)

Astronaut, Explorer, Pilot

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Ronald wants to know...Where was Neil Armstrong born?Bring in your answer for

The Apollo 11 mission was to land men on the surface of themoon and then to return to Earth. The crew on Apollo 11 consistedof Neil A. Armstrong (commander), Michael Collins (command mod-ule pilot), Edwin (Buzz) E. Aldrin Jr. (lunar module pilot). These areperhaps the most famous men to have ever been in space. Thiswas absolutely a great time in history. A lunar module camera pro-vided live television coverage of this monumental event. NeilArmstrong set foot on the moon at 10:56 p.m. EDT. Aldrin, being thesecond man to ever step foot on the moon set foot on the moonssurface at 11:16 pl. EDT.

The purpose of the Apollo 11 mission was to land men on thelunar surface and to return them safely to Earth. The mission wassuccessfully accomplished.

Fall Tab-a-pull-ooza forMiami & Shelby County Schools

In observance of America Recycles Day on November 15th, theGreen Gals are having a fall Tab-a-pull-ooza Contest. All moniesraised will be given to the Dayton Ronald McDonald House.Any school can participate in this contest in either Miami or ShelbyCounty. A drop-off location will be given to the contact person.Tabs will be collected through November 16th.Prizes will be awarded to the school with the most collected tabsby weight.

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Word of the WeekAmazon — a river in northernSouth America. The largest river inthe world volume to water carried.3,900 miles long.

The Bookshelf

10 Facts AboutSouth America

The Rainforest Grew All Aroundauthor: Susan Mitchell and ConnieMcLellan

A Pen Pal for Maxauthor: Gloria and Ted Rand

From your histo-ry book, choosea historic eventand report it, usingthe inverted pyra-mid style of writ-ing.

1.It is the fourth-largest continent inthe world.2.Amazon Basin in South America isconsidered to be the home of manyresources which include copper, ironore, tin and oil.3.River Amazon is one of the largestrivers in the world is situated here.4.Santo del Angel, the highest water-fall in the world is situated here.5.The continent is named afterAmerico Vespucci, the Italian explor-er.6.Mount Aconcagua in Argentina isthe highest mountain on the SouthAmerican continent.7.Most spoken language is Spanish.8.Amazon Basin in South America isthe world's largest and most famousrainforest.9.In South America each country hastheir own currency.10.South America is home to manyinteresting species of animals includ-ing parrots, tarantulas, snakes, andmammals.

NewspaperKnowledge

uenos dias, amigos, y bienvenidos a Sud America.The message is, “Hello, friends, and welcome to

South America!” The language is Spanish, which isspoken by most of the people who live in South America,our neighbor to the south.

South America is made up of 12 countries, one Frenchoverseas department, and one colony. Because most of thecontinent was conquered by Spain in the 16th century,Spanish is the primary language in nine of the countries.The major exception is Brazil, where Portuguese is spoken.

Plus, there are as many as 82 Indian languages still beingspoken by small groups of people.

South America is most often in the news because of theAmazon rain forest that covers nearly a third of the conti-nent. The rain forest is home to an unknown number ofspecies of plants and animals; the dense vegetation producesmore than half of all the oxygen in the world. Yet more andmore of the rain forest disappears every day because of clearing for development and for pasture land.

All of the countries in South America have a small upper

class of landowners, political and military leaders, and factory owners, and a large number of very poor people,who are mostly farmers. In recent years, though, a smallmiddle class of professional people and skilled workers hasbegun to form in the cities.

Roman Catholicism is the primary religion in SouthAmerica. Only Guyana is predominantly Protestant.Argentina has the largest Jewish population – 300,000 in1988.

south america

statisticsChoose one South American country and find out the following:

Capital:_________________________________________

Language:_______________________________________

Type of government:________________________________

Head of government:_______________________________

Topography:______________________________________

Major exports:______________________________________

Major industries:__________________________________

Typical dress:______________________________________

What are the schools there like?________________________

________________________________________________

5. Let’s prepare a traditional SouthAmerican meal. First, do someresearch, decide on the menuas a class, then “buy” the ingre-dients you’ll need from ads inyour newspaper. Next, figurethe total cost. How many willyour feast feed? How muchdoes the meal cost per person?How does that compare to thecost-per-person of a traditionalAmerican meal?

6. T he Pan American Highwayconnects all the capitals ofSouth America (and those ofNorth America, too). Imagineyou and your best friend aretaking a bus trip from one endof South America to the other.Write a travel article describ-ing your experiences.

b

it’s news to me:Using your newspaper or the Internet, write five original headlinesabout current events in South America.

let’sresearch it:The destruction of the Amazon rain forestis viewed by many people as one of thegravest environmental problems facing theworld today. Using your newspaper, news-paper archives, and other resources, findout what’s being done to stop deforesta-tion in South America.

• Lake Titicaca, high in the Andes Mountains on the border of Bolivia and Peru, is the

world’s highest navigable lake. It is 12,507 feet above sea level.6 tidbits

PASSPORT TO: SOUTH AMERICA

The arapaima, a giant Amazon river fish that can grow longer and heavier than a humanadult, is at risk of extinction, according to a new study. Overfishing and errors in classifica-tion are believed to have left the world's largest scaled freshwater fish critically endangered.

The Amazon River.