nieuwe energie in de chemie: van droombeeld naar praktijk · technology naphta cracking established...

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Electrification of the Chemical Industry

Technical and economic challenges of a captital intensive andcompetitive processYvonne van Delft (VoltaChem)Toon van Zijl (Sabic)

Electric cracking

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Hassan Tijani

Electric cracking of Naphtha

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• Introduction• Electric-based heating technologies• Strengths & weaknesses of the technologies• R&D challenges • Outlook

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Ethylene is typically produced by steam cracking of Naphtha: ✓ Pyrolysis (oil or gas fired furnace 750-900 C)✓ Quenching✓ Liquid separation✓ Compression and gas separation

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Electrical cracking is an important option to make ethylene production more sustainable, but... • What is the state of the art and the respective

strengths and weaknesses? • What are the user requirements? • What are the important research questions?


Electric-based process heating systems use electric currents or electromagnetic fields to heat materials directly or indirectly.

• Resistance heating• Induction heating• Arc/Plasma heating• Microwave/RF heating• Ultrasonic heating• Infrared heating• Electron beam heating• Laser heating • Ultraviolet heating

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This refers to systems that generate heat by passing an electric current (AC or DC) through a conductor, causing an increase in temperature (direct or indirect)

Resistance Induction


• Glass industry • Metal industry • Process flow heaters• Food industry• Sintering ceramics• Drying

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Heating by use of an electric arc/plasma

Plasma


• Heating and melting of metals• Melting high- alloy steels• Titanium industry• Diamond film production• Hydrocarbon cracking

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Cathode

Anode

Tangential

Plasma

gas injection

Hydrocarbon

Feedstock

Quench water

injection

V

Arc


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Microwave and RF heating systems use electromagnetic radiation to excite water molecules in the material, or to generate heat in a susceptor (for example, graphite).

1-Microwave generator(magnetron)2-Wave guide3-Heated object4-Vibrating molecules5-Heat


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1

2

3

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Nu

mb

er o

f pat

ents

Time [year]

Plasma

Ultrason

RF

Utrason

Microwave

Arc/Plasma

Resistance

Induction


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Strength Weakness

Resistance · Low Capex· Upscaling· Implementation

· Coking

induction · Implementation· Upscaling· High power density

· Capex· Coking

Arc/plasma · High temperature· High power density

· High Capex· Implementation

Microwave/RF · Rapid & energy efficient· High power density

· High Capex· Implementation


• Technology upscaling

• Integration of the technology in the cracking process

• Coke formation

• Flexible operation (hybrid systems)

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• Selection of most promising electric cracking technology for further R&D

• Definition of research questions for further development at TNO

• Realization of a conceptual design of an experimental facility for testing electrical cracking

• Cooperation with interested companies & universities for further technology development.

• Topics:– Optimization of process conditions– Optimization of design for:

• Optimized process conditions• Low cost (CAPEX, OPEX)• Flexible operation• Upscaling

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Technical and economic challenges of a captital intensive andcompetitive processYvonne van Delft (VoltaChem)Toon van Zijl (Sabic)

Breakout Electric cracking


Plastics provide large benefits to ourcommunity and the best way to producetheir building blocks is through steamcracking.

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It is desirable to transform steam crackingtechnology for a more sustainable businessand it is up to the industry to come with aplan.

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To reduce to footprint of steam crackingusing renewable electricity for heating isthe only option.

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Should the government invest more indemonstration projects or in innovation?

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• VoltaChem will summarize all event learnings per breakout and overall.

• Depending on the outputs of the workshop specificfollow-up will be done by the team.

• Some examples of possible follow-up:– Study on the feasibility of electric cracking– PoC electric cracking


www.voltachem.com


• Public-Private Shared Innovation Program of 6M/year initiated in 2015 by TNO, ECN and Topsector Chemistry.

• Accelerate innovation and implementation of electrification for achieving decarbonization in chemicals.

• Initiate and facilitate collaborative development of technology and associated business models.

• Addresses both the indirect and direct use of electricity within the chemical industry, involving stakeholders from chemicals, energy & equipment supply.

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Short term (2017- 2022) Medium term (2022- 2030) Long term (2030- 2050)

Electrical heat pumps

• Commercial introduction of compression

heat pump technology < 120°C in

chemical industry.

• Field testing completed of thermoacoustic

heat pump technology < 200°C

• Field testing completed of compression

heat pump technology < 150°C

Direct heating

• Demonstration of multiple direct electrical

heating applications in industry

• PoP alternative direct heating

technologies for industry


• Commercialization of TA heat pump

• Commercialization of compression heat

pump technology < 150°C

• Development of heat pump integrated

industrial processes

• Development of economic feasible steam

compression technology for vacuum

steam (< 1 bar) and < 3 MW

Direct heating

• Commercialization multiple small scale

direct heating applications in industry

• Demonstration alternative direct heating

technology for naphta cracking


• Established industry focused on

equipment manufacturing and integration

in industrial processes

Direct heating

• Commercialization alternative direct

heating technology for naphta cracking

Heat & cold storage

• Bench scale testing completed of a

flexible CHP with integrated heat storage

on high temperatures. Demonstrated

economic feasibility.

• Bench scale testing completed of an

industrial flexible heat/cold storage.

Heat & cold storage

• Commercialization industrial flexible

heat/cold storage

• Commercialization flexible CHP with

integrated heat storage

• Heat storage as enabling technology for

heat pumps

Heat & cold storage

• Established industry focused on

equipment manufacturing and integration

in industrial processes

nieuwe energie in de chemie: van droombeeld naar praktijk · technology naphta cracking established...

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