SOLID MINERALS IN NIGERIA

With Hakeem Agbaje In

The Investors

Exploration & Importation Of Nigerian Solid Minerals

HIGHLIGHTTHIS PRESENTATION WILL LOOK AT THE FOLLOWING

Present state of Nigerian solid mineral exploration Available solid minerals In Nigeria Commercial value of the minerals Government policies on Nigerian solid minerals How to involve in the exploration of Nigerian solid

minerals Prospects for Investors In Nigerian solid mineral

exploration

PRESENT STATE OF NIGERIAN SOLID MINERALS

Nigeria is endowed with enormous solid minerals in almost all states of the federation.

Presently the country have under exploited these God Given gift ,with a major source of revenue in the petroleum sector, this have lead to neglect in the solid mineral exploration.

The present consciousness by the Nigerian Government is to increase and ginger solid mineral exploration which have so far suffered neglect for decades

As a result the Government have implemented new policy on solid mineral which encourages exploration through direct foreign investment with 100% ownership or through joint venture with Nigerian Entrepreneur

PRESENT STATE OF NIGERIAN SOLID MINERALS

AVAILABLE SOLID MINERALS IN NIGERIA

NIGERIA’S 34 SOLID MINERALS

WHERE TO FIND SOLID MINERALS IN NIGERIA

Limestone --Limestone can be found in Cross Rivers, Ogun, Benue, Gombe, Ebonyi, Sokoto, Edo and Kogi states. Magnesite

Magnesite --is found in Adamawa and Kebbi states.

Coal --Coal is found in the following Nigerian states - Enugu, Imo, Kogi, Delta, Plateau, Anambra, Abia, Benue, Edo, Ondo, Bauchi, Adamawa and Kwara.

Wolframite-- Wolframite is found in Kano, Kaduna, Bauchi and Niger states.

Silver-- Silver is found in Kano.

Kyanite-- Kyanite can be found in Kaduna and Niger states.

Clay---Clay is found in all the states of the federation, including the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja.

Feldspar----Feldspar can be found in Borno, Kogi, Osun and Ogun states.

Barities---Barities can be found in Nasarawa, Taraba, Benue, Cross River & Zamfara states. Manganese can be found in the northern states of Kebbi, Katsina and Zamfara.

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Talc--Talc can be found in Kogi, Kaduna, Niger, Ekiti and

Yobe states. Silica--Silica is found in the following Nigerian states - Kano, Jigawa, Delta, Lagos and Ondo.

Diatomite--- Diatomite is found in Yobe State.

IImennit-Rutile ----Ilmennit-Rutile can be found in Bauchi, Plateau and Kaduna states.

Fluorite----Fluorite can be found in Taraba State.

Gold----Gold can be found in the following states: Niger, Osun, Kebbi, Kaduna, Kogi, Kwara and Zamfara.

Lead--- can be found in the following Nigerian states: Ebonyi, FCT, Plateau, Cross River and Zamfara.

Mica---Mica is found in Kogi, Nasarawa, Ekiti, Kwara and Oyo states.

Molybdenite ---- Molybdenite is found in Plateau state.

Tantalite----Tantalite can be found in the following Nigerian states:- Nasarawa, Kogi, Osun, Ekiti, Kwara, Cross Rivers and other places in Nigeria.

Iron ore--- Iron ore can be found in Kogi, Kaduna, Enugu, Nasarawa and Zamfara states.

Lithium-----Lithium is found in the northern state of Nasarawa.

Granite-----Granite is found in all the states of the federation, including the Federal Capital Territory.

Bentonite ------Bentonite is found in Edo, Kogi,Ogun, Ondo and Borno states.

Zinc----Zinc is found in the following states: Ebonyi, Plateau, Cross Rivers, Zamfara and the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja.

Quartzite----Quartzite can be found in Ekiti, Taraba, Kogi, Kwara and Oyo states.

Dolomite---Dolomite can be found in Kogi, Oyo, Edo, Kwara and the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja.

Phosphate---Phosphate is found in Sokoto and Ogun states.

DISTRIBUTION OF SOLID MINERALS IN NASARAWA STATE

Nasarawa State has been appropriately tagged as "Nigeria’s Home of Solid Minerals". The State is one of the most naturally endowed states in Nigeria in terms of the availability of economically and commercially viable natural resources. Indeed each of the 13 Local Government Areas in the State is uniquely blessed with one form of Solid Mineral deposit or the other which can be sold in the local and international markets.

1 Akwanga LG---- Clay, Columbite, Ilmenite, Mica

2 Awe LG---- Barytes, Pyrite, Clay, Galena, Limestone, Sodium ChlorGide, Ephalerite.

3 Doma LG ----- Clay, Silica sand 4 Keana LG---- Baryte, Galena, Salt,

Limestone 5 Karu LG ----- Clay, Silica sand, Granites,

Tantalite, Mica,Sphalerite 6—Keffi LG--- Clay, Talc, Gemstone

(Tourmaline, Aquamarine and Sapphire) 7 Kokona LG Tourmaline, Aquamarine,

Mica, Chalcopyrite

8 Lafia LG --Clay, Silica sand, Topaz 9 Nasarawa LG---Cassiterite, Clay,

Columbite, Tantalite 10 Nasarawa Eggon LG ---

Emerald, Aquamarine, Heliodor, Topaz, Amethyst, Quartz, Mica, Granite

11-Obi LG--Baryte, Clay, Coaking coal

12 Toto LG---Marble, Iron ore, Mica 13 Wamba -LG---Tantalite,

Cassiterite, Columbite, Granite, Ilmenite, Aquamarine

COMMERCIAL VALUE OF NIGERIAN SOLID MINERALS

COMMERCIAL VALUE OF EACH SOLID MINERALS

Beryl (Emerald, Aquamarine and Heliodor)--Major source of the metal Berylium alloys with

copper to produce hard, fatigue Re esistant metal of high tensile strength.

--Extracted Berylium is used as a moderator in nuclear reactions. --Oxide (Beo) derived from Beryl is an excellent refractory withstanding

temperatures of up to 2,750oC

Sapphire--Used as watch jewels, bearings in scientific instruments. Also for ornamental purposes.

Tourmaline--Used in the manufacture of pressure gauges to measure transient blast pressure. Also for ornamental purposes.

Quartz-Used in glass and silica bricks; paint scouring, soaps and and paper.

In its powered form, it is used in porcelain, paint, sand paper, scouring soaps and as a wood filter.

It is used in construction mortal and cement and flux metallurgy.

Amethyst Garnet Topaz----Mostly used for ornamental purposes.

--Sometimes used for the manufacture of abrasives, coated paper, grindstones, sharpening stones and scouring powders.

Zircon--It is a major source of Zinconia (Oxide of Zirconium metal) used for refractories, muffle furnaces, fire bricks for electrical porcelain, best sparking plugs, for refining precious metals, roof of electrical furnaces, white opacifier in enamel industry, paints and lacquers in abrasives and polishing powder.

--Used as insulator of heat and electricity.

Tantalite--Source of Tantalum used in the production of special steels especially those for dental and surgical instruments.

--Manufacture of space crafts

Cassiterite--Tin plating for making Tin cans.--Making alloy solders (Tin 50%, Lead 50%). Used for sealing of Tin

cans, automobile radiators and electrical equipment.

Columbite--Source of Niobium used as an alloy of steel to form weldable high speed steel for radio transmitting valves, heat sensitive detective devices called barometer, for jet engines and other aircraft components, etc.

Feldspars--Used in glass manufacturing, ceramic industry as part of the body of the ware and as a constituent of the glazes on pottery, tiles, porcelain, insulators.

Limestone--Source of calcium metal used as a de-oxidizer and scavenger in refining copper, aluminum, chromium and nickel and reducing Uranium oxide to uranium.

--In cement manufacture--In metallurgy as flux--As filter in paints--Construction work--For hydrated lime production

Ilmenite--Source of Titanium dioxide which is used for white paint pigments.

--Source of Titanium metal used for ferro titanium alloys.

--Used as de-oxidizer and for stabilizing ore.

Galena--Lead (metal) used in storage batteries

--Paints (white lead) PbC03 alloys for various uses.

Iron Ore--For making cast iron, wrought iron, steel for various uses. Also used for making alloys for various uses.

Barytes--Source of barium metal used in alloy.

--Barium with Lead and calcium for bearings – alloy with Aluminum magnesium and Nickel for Radio valves, with Iron as Barium ferrite for permanent magnets.

--Used as drilling mud in the petroleum industry

Dolomite/Marble--For Refractory furnace, building materials, source of carbon dioxides, terazzo tiles, floor and wall til22

Salt--For food seasoning and preservation

--In chemical industry to prepare soda ash, caustic soda and sodium sulphate, etc

--For chlorine production.

Chalcopyrite--Sulphur to manufacture sulphur ointment for skin medication

--Sulphur to sulphuric acid, etc.

Mica--Muscovite used chiefly as electrical insulator, production of generators, telephone, condensers.

--Used as fillers in production of tyres and tubes and as dry lubricants.

Coaking coal --For producing pig iron

--Steel production--As fuel to provide heat--To raise steam for power stations, railways and domestic purposes--for producing coal gas.

Talc--In paints as extender

--In ceramics for tiles, electrical porcelain and table ware, tips of barriers and for refractory purposes

--Cosmetic industry, etc.

Clays---For building bricks, flower pots, floor tiles, fencing bricks, etc.

Glass sand--Glass industry, for coloured and white glass containers, bottles. Also as synthetic marble and for table wares, sanitary wares.

LICENSE TYPES There are various types of mining Licenses/leases, which will be

issued under the Minerals and Mining Act by the Minister based on the recommendation of the Mining Cadastre Office. These are:

i. Reconnaissance Permit: a non-exclusive Permit to search for Mineral Resources; no area limits.

ii. Exploration License: right to explore [discover, determine characteristics and evaluate economic value of Mineral Resources] on an exclusive basis for all Mineral Resources within the title area. This has a typical duration of 3 years, renewable for 2 further periods of 2 years each.

iii.Small-Scale Mining Lease: right to exclusively carry out small-scale mining operations [Mining Operations involving low-level technology or methods not requiring substantial expenditure] within the title area. A five-year lease period is applicable for all alluvial/artisanal leases, renewable for further periods of 5 years each; for other small-scale mining operations; the lease period is 10 years, renewable for further periods of 10 years.

iv. Mining Lease: an exclusive right carry out all Mining Operations within the Mining Lease area. All Mining leases are for 25 years, renewable every 20 years.

v. Quarry Lease: an exclusive right to carry out quarry operations within the Quarry Lease area. Quarry leases are for duration of 10 years.

vi. Water Use Permit: an exclusive right to obtain and convey water; occupy land for the conveyance of water.

PROSPECTS FOR INVESTORS IN NIGERIAN SOLID MINERAL EXPLORATIONE

THE PROSPECT & CHALLENGES Mining is a capital intensive industry.

Government is expected do more to ensure proper harnessing

An average miner needs about N200m to start. The scenario today is pathetic. Those miners who thought they could start with about N10m are already meeting with disappointment; therefore, funding is a very critical factor every miner to needs. It is still difficult to get money from the banks In Nigeria therefore direct foreign investment seems to be a way out and possibly a partnership with Nigerian Entrepreneurs

Part of what the government has done to attract foreigners include favorable tax regime, including a three-year tax holiday to new companies; a reduction in the capital gains tax, from 20 per cent to 10 per cent; companies profit tax from 35 per cent to 30 per cent and internationally competitive fiscal incentive, which are enshrined in the law.

FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT HAKEEM AGBAJE

Hakeem AgbajeIs a Business

Consultant ,Investor and Marketer In Lagos Nigeria

Email: agaogroups@gmail.comTEL: 2348093589614

or 2348055522183SITE:

http://theinvestorschannel.blogspot.com/