nights2013_atti conferenza web copy 1
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First edition: September 2013
ISBN 978 88 6787 107 7
Proceedings of Nights 2013: Health !leas"re and co##"nities$
Pado%a 2&'27 Se!te#(er 2013
Edited by Luciano Gamberini, Alessandra Varotto, Luca Zamboni and Anna Spanolli
! The copyright for this publication as a whole stands with DPG Department of General
Psychology, University of Padova. The copyright of each separate papers published within these
proceedings remains vested in its author.
"#oop$ Libraria Editrice %ni&ersit' di (ado&a)
Via G$ *el+oni, 11-3 (ado&a
t$ 0./ 3./ 4$ 0. 021
555$cleup$it 555$4aceboo6$com-cleup
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)onference )hair PrefaceNights2013Nights2013Nights2013Nights2013:::: Health, Pleasure and CommunitiesHealth, Pleasure and CommunitiesHealth, Pleasure and CommunitiesHealth, Pleasure and Communities
;is pre4ace aims at brie4ly introducin t;e con4erence ell?bein (ro@ect 7E>8(B,
4unded by t;e 9ealt; (roramme o4 t;e European %nion$ Core details about 7E>8( are i&en
by t;e pro@ect coordinator Step;ane Le#lercD in ;is o5n inter&ention at t;e con4erence and
can be rasped on se&eral ot;er occasions durin 78G9S 2013$
8ndeed, t;e roots and bac6round o4 t;e con4erence are alas older t;an t;e 7E>8(pro@ect$ Some o4 t;e people at;erin in (adua 4or t;is e&ent and some o4 t;ose 5;o built t;e
e&ent in t;e 4irst place ;a&e already a ;istory o4 ac;ie&ements in researc; and acti&ism,
entrepreneurs;ip and ;ealt;?inter&entions related to t;e ni;tli4e$
>e pre4erred, ;o5e&er, not to deploy sa4e yet old and reno5ned notions as is o4ten t;e
case in con4erences li6e t;isB$ >e pre4erred to collecti&ely redesin t;e tra@ectory o4 a ne5
re4lection, an open, ;onest, interdisciplinary and interenerational re4lection on ne5 social,
aest;etic, ;ealt;, economic, ant;ropoloic p;enomena c;aracteri+in t;e ni;tli4e and its
in;abitants$ >e did t;is a4ter se&eral brainstormin sessions, 6no5lede elicitation and
orani+ation tec;niDues, 4ocus roups and simple but passionate discussions$ >e in&ol&ed
youn students and old urus, operators and scientists, public institutions and pri&ateassociations, politicians and consumers and many interested people li6e t;ose attendin t;e
con4erence$ 8 5ould li6e to t;an6 5;ole;eartedly all t;is people, and in particular my pro@ect
partners and t;e tireless and 4antastic co?c;airs o4 t;is year, Step;ane Le#lercD and ;ierry
#;arlois as 5ell as my colleaues at t;e %ni&ersity o4 (adua$
;e call 4or papers t;at announced t;is e&ent, t;e in&ited spea6ers, t;e t;ematic parallel
sessions and t;e tutorials testi4y 8 belie&e to t;e ric;ness o4 t;is process and t;e oriinality
and 4res;ness o4 t;e contributions recei&ed$ #lassic t;emes in t;e social inter&ention domain
are represented by state?o4?t;e art contributions, and are accompanied by inno&ati&e 5or6s
on psyc;edelic neurosciences, ni;t economics, ni;t culture, use o4 ne5 media, Duality
indicators 4or clubs and early detection$ ;e &arious presentation 4ormats a&ailable in t;eproram include speec;es, posters, roundtables, brainstormin t;at are sel4?orani+ed by
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>e stronly 5is;ed t;at t;is e&ent le4t some traces and all contributions ;ad small, 5ritten
and p;otorap;ic e&idence so 5e insisted to ;a&e abstracts 4rom all inter&entions and to
re&ie5 t;em as is typical o4 academic con4erences$ >e really ;a&e to t;an6 4rom t;e deep o4
our ;eart; all aut;ors 4or acceptin to 5or6 in t;is 5ay, especially t;ose 5;o are not 4amiliar
5it; t;is process, and are used instead to lea&e traces 5it; t;eir daily 5or6 in t;e 4ield$ 8=msure t;at by combinin people 5it; di44erent bac6rounds t;e e&ent 5ill o44er somet;in
interestin and ne5$ 8t=s already &ery ecitin to bro5se t;rou; t;e title o4 t;e parallel
sessions, t;e abstract o4 t;e tal6s 4rom our in&ited spea6ers, t;e t;emes o4 t;e roundtables,
panels and tutorials t;at 5ill 4ollo5 eac; ot;er durin t;ese t;ree days$ 8t is easy to percei&e
t;e input t;at can deri&e 4rom t;e 1/ youn people, most o4 t;em youner t;an 2, 5;o
de4ine t;emsel&es as acti&ists, &olunteers, ni;t operators, peers, social 5or6ers, sa4er ni;tli4e
5or6ers and 5;o ;a&e been in&ol&ed in 7E>8( pro@ect durin t;e last t;ree years$
8 t;in6 t;at t;e proram and contributions o4 78G9S 2013 represent an updated mani4esto
o4 t;e ni;tli4e t;emes on 5;ic; it 5ill be use4ul and ?4or some o4 us ?necessary to re4lect in
t;e net years$ 8t s;o5s a pat; t;at leads to an interdisciplinary 5or6, a continuous dialoueamon all sta6e;olders t;at o&ercomes di44erences in lanuae, culture, epression modes,
and ta6es ad&antae instead o4 t;e di44erent perspecti&e s 4rom 5;ic; t;e ni;t p;enomena
are approac;ed$
As you 5ill see, eac; selected 5or6 is a narrati&e, a t;eory, a pro@ect$ An eperience,
sometimes a met;od, or a tec;niDue t;at some ot;er people too6 up and studied, &alidated,
communicated, represented, applied or eperienced maybe as client or builder o4 a 5orld t;at
needs to be constantly re?in&ented$
;ese narrati&es toet;er not only pro&ide a tec;nical contribution but also a social and
political ;ori+on on 5;ic; to re4lect, touc;in issue suc; as ri;ts, ;ealt;, 5ellbein$
8 5ould li6e to conclude by con4essin t;at 8=m particularly ;appy t;at an inno&ati&e
con4erence li6e t;is ta6es place in 8taly, a country 5it; a Duestionable drus reulation t;at
poorly supports pre&ention, in4ormation, ;arm reduction and modern inter&ention practices$ A
country 5;ere e44orts 4rom operators and &olunteers are o4ten 4rustrated by t;e lac6 o4 public
resources and by myopic perspecti&es on t;e 5ay to approac; di44icult ni;tli4e p;enomena,
to t;e point t;at ;uman ri;ts ris6 to be inored sometimes$ 8 ;ope t;at t;is e&ent 4eels li6e a
breat; o4 4res; air$
L%#8A7H GAC*EI878
Department of General Psychology
ni!ersity of Pado!a, "taly
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N*+IP )oordinator Presentation
;e con4erence "78G9S2013 ? 9ealt;, (leasure and #ommunities) is orani+ed in t;e
4rame5or6 o4 t;e 7i;tli4e Empo5erment 8mplementation and >ell?bein (ro@ect 7E>8(B,
4unded by t;e 9ealt; (roramme o4 t;e European %nion$
;e 7E>8( mission, s;ared by associated partners and more t;an 0 collaboratin partners
4rom 21 countries, is:
- to promote a sa4er ni;tli4e, in collaboration 5it; all sa4er ni;tli4e sta6e;olders, byimplementin ;ealt; promotion, community empo5erment and ;arm-ris6 reduction
strateies
- to propose responses to t;e ne5 c;allenes in t;e 4ields o4 ;arm reduction and ;ealt;promotion amon youn European people, usin recreational settins as initial outreac;
locations$
;e con4erence o44ers multiple at;erin modalities t;at 4it di44erent topics and 6inds o4
epertise, includin 5or6s;ops, tal6s, s;o5cases, multimedia presentations and round tables,
to enerate t;e acti&e participation o4 a &ariety o4 ni;tli4e sta6e;olders suc; as ;ealt;
pro4essionals, &olunteers, club-party orani+ers, public body representati&es, scientists,
sc;olars and partyoers$
Core in4ormation on t;e acti&ities underta6en bet5een 2011 and 2013 by t;e 7E>8(
5or6roups:
- Sa4er (arty Labels- Emerin Cedia- Jru #;ec6in- Standards- Field 8nter&entions- rainin K Ec;ane
as 5ell as t;e pro@ect outcomes, are a&ailable on 555$sa4erni;tli4e$or$
8t is also our pleasure to announce t;at t;e 7i;tli4e, Empo5erment and >ell?bein 7et5or6
7E>?7etB ;as been 4ormali+ed into a leal entity and 5ill be launc;ed durin 78G9S2013$
>e 5is; t;at 78G9S2013 5ill participate in eneratin a 4ruit4ul dialoue bet5een t;e
&arious actors o4 t;e di44erent party scenes and ni;tli4e 5or6in areas: 4rom 4ield5or6
realities to researc; imperati&es, 4rom public institution priorities to pri&ate sector trends,
4rom partyoers dynamics to ;ealt; and ni;tli4e pro4essionals ob@ecti&es$
SE(9A7E LE#LEI#
7E>8( #oordinator A*J, S(
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,rgani-ation
)onference .eneral )hair
Luciano GamberiniMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM %ni&ersity o4 (ado&a, 8
)onference /ssociate )hairs
Step;ane Le#lercDMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM 7E>8( #oordinator ? A*J, S(
;ierry #;arloisMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$ (artyN, FI
Scientific )o##ittee
H5ain As;5ort;MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
Carco *attiniMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
*runo *lanc6aertMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
Oose #arlos *ousoMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
ibor *runtMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
Aleander *Pc;eliMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
#laudio #ipitelliMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
Sabrina #ipollettaMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
Emilie #outretMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
Cauro #roceMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
Gio&anni Je GiuliMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
Ia4ael Je la orre QellMMMMMMMMMMMMM
*en Je LoenenMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
(aolo Je LucaMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
Ratia Jusc;ererMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$Sam FreyMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
7ol GarciaMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
Oo;anna GripenberMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
Raren 9u;esMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
Eli+abet; Oo;nstonMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
Oo;n?(eter RoolsMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
(aolo CaauddaMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
Cic;ele CaraniMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
Ja&id (ere CartQne+ HrTMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
Sout; London and Caudsley, %R
Ieione Emilia Iomana, 8
#S#AJ, FI
Sant (au *iomedical Iesearc; 8nstitute, S(
rimbos 8nstitute, 7L
Stadt ZPric; Ouendberatun Street5or6,#9
(AISE# #onsortium, 8
%ni&ersity o4 (ado&a, 8
ec;no (lus, FI
ASL V#H, %ni&ersity o4 Applied Sciences and
Arts o4 Sout;ern S5it+erland, 8
(sicoloi Sen+a Frontiere Hnlus, 8
%ni&ersitat (ompeu Fabra, S(
8#EEIS, S(
Rin=s #ollee London, %R
#entre de (rU&ention des oicomanies, L%Sa4er #lubbin, #9
Spora Sineries, S(
SAJ Rarolins6a 8nstitutet, S>E
Oo;n Coores %ni&ersity, %R
European Forum 4or %rban Security E4usB,
E%
8ndependent 9ealt;, >ellness and Fitness
(ro4essional, 7L
%ni&ersity o4 (ado&a, 8
Cedia 4reelancer, 8
FundaciT 8Genus, S(
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Ed ContanoMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
Leonardo Contecc;iMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
Raren+a CooreMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
Oudit; 7oi@enMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
Hscar (aresMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMAlessandro (ironaMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
Edoardo (olidoriMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
(ol uintanaMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
Cassimo SantinelloMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
Eber;ard Sc;at+MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
Ratrin Sc;i44erMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
Cic;ael Sc;inerMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
Ratrin Sc;rederMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
Ooc;en Sc;rootenMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
Luca SibonaMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMAnna SpanolliMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
Gra;am St Oo;nMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
>ol4an Sternec6MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
G$ Reit; StillMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
(aola edesc;iMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
9elena ValenteMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
Cireia VenturaMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
(@er VriensMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
Adam >instoc6MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
IC8 %ni&ersity, A%
Ass$ O$ *leer, 8
Lancaster %ni&ersity, %R
Oelline6, 7L
Generalitat de #atalonia, S(EC#JJA, E%
Ser$, ForlW, 8
Enery #ontrol, S(
%ni&ersity o4 (ado&a, 8
;e #orrelation 7et5or6, 7L
;e #orrelation 7et5or6, 7L
Jepartment o4 Social (olicy, Cann;eim
#entre 4or #riminoloy, %R
Jru Scouts, GEI
VAJ, *E
Steadycam pro@ect, 8%ni&ersity o4 (ado&a, 8
%ni&ersity o4 ueensland, A%
Sonics #ybertribe 7et5or6, GEI
*uc6s 7e5 %ni&ersity, %R
Sout; London and Caudsley, %R
A(JES, (
Enery #ontrol, S(
Iotterdam (ublic 9ealt; Ser&ice, 7L
Global Jru Sur&ey, Sout; London and
Caudsley 79S rust and Rins #ollee
London, %R
Partners
A*J, S(
A(JES, (
#orrelation 7et5or6, 7L
Jru Scouts, GEI
Enery #ontrol, S(
9Lab, 8
Oelline6, 7L
Codus Vi&endi, *E
(artyN, FI
(sicoloi Sen+a Frontiere Hnlus, 8
Ieione Emilia Iomana, 8
ec;no (lus, FI
%ni&ersit' deli Studi di (ado&a, 8
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a(le of )ontents
enote S!eech 1
(eer?based inter&entions: A5ay 4rom paternalism K to6enism, to5ards reater
meanin4ul in&ol&ementMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
John Peter ools and !berhard "chat#
2
(syc;edelics and researc; c;emicals: >;at are t;ey and 5;at do 5e 6no5 about t;emX$$$$
David !. $ichols
9ealt; protection policies in ni;tli4e settins: ;e EC#JJAYs perspecti&eMMMMMMMMMM
%lessandro Pirona and Gregor &ur'hart
#reati&e economy o4 t;e ni;tMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
Gauti "igthorsson
Electronic Jance Cusic EJCB 4esti&als: 8t=s all about t;e &ibeMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
Graham "t John
Panel 9
7i;tli4e 4ield5or6: #;allenes and ne5 met;ods in t;e et;norap;y o4 electronic dance
musicMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
(uis)*anuel Garcia, %lice +Grady and Graham "t John
10
Settin t;e standard$ Good practice standards 4or ;arm reduction inter&entions in ni;tli4e
settinsMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
Judith $oi-en
1
al 19
7eutra&el pro@ect eperienceMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
Danilo %ndreatta, (oren#o amoletto and !lisa /ornero20
A ris6 assessment study in a ni;tli4e area o4 Cilan 8talyBMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
Giovanni %resi, "tefania /orloni and 0incen#o ristiano
2
(arty Jru use in London in t;e post?internet eraMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
+wain %shworth and Paola Tedeschi31
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Oa&a?%A7?Etreme O%EB: A compre;ensi&e ris6 reduction system o4 inter&entions in t;e
Florence "ni;t entertainment scene)MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
"tefano &ertoletti, &arbara Tinti and /ederica Gamberale
33
7i;tli4e reulation in EuropeMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM&runo &lanc'aert, 1ebecca (e huiton and Thierry harlois
3
1 *(CMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
/ulvio &osio
.3
2#?*: Sub@ecti&e e44ects and potential clinical usesMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
Jos2 arlos &ouso
.
Jru testin as a tool 4or mar6et monitorin and ;arm reduction in t;e 7et;erlands: ;e
Jru and 8n4ormation Conitorin System J8CSBMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
Tibor *. &runt and 1aymond J.*. $iesin'
.
Sa4er 7i;tli4e S5it+erland, a multidisciplinary net5or6MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
%le3ander &4cheli and Peter *ent#i
./
*ar and club commission Zuric;: Core t;an ust a ni;tli4e lobbyMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
%le3ander &4cheli and &alduin 5ingg
1
#ities ;elpin cities in t;e 4ield o4 ni;tli4eMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$$
*ar' &urton)Page and %lberto Dotta3
#on4lict and proimity in a pro@ect o4 peer education: ipsKric6s analysis o4 relations in a@oint teamMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
%lessia &usacca
;e treatment o4 dru dependency 5it; indienous psyc;oacti&ityMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
&en-amin De (oenen0
Ielations;ip, empo5erment, @udement abeyance and peer support 4or be;a&iour
c;ane: Same tools 4or a di44erent 5or6 in ni;tli4eMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
Giuseppe Di Pino
2
Goin up t;e country #;aracteri+in recreational dru use in music 4esti&alsMMMMMMM$$
atia Duscherer, arlos Paulosand %ngeli'a raus
;e in4luence o4 &arious drus consumed on sociableness, seual desire, seual
per4ormance, and sa4er se be;a&iour$ Iesults o4 a sur&ey study amon 30 tec;no?
party oers in GermanyMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
Joachim !ul
Serious Game in social inter&ention$ ">;at t;e Jope): E44ecti&eness o4 a serious ame 4or
sa4er ni;tli4eMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
(uciano Gamberini, (uca 5amboni, Giovanni De Giuli, hiara 0illa, 0aleria *onarca,
%lessandro G. Privitera and %nna "pagnolli
1
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Ape: ;e ideal brea6in point$ An online maa+ine on drus, se and partyinMMMMMM$$
1enate van &odegom and "anne van Gaalen
11
9ealt; promotion campain addressin G9*?o&erdose in ni;tli4e settinsMMMMMMMMM$$
Tobias . van Di-' and Johan +st2
11/
Rno5in 6etamine users: Iesults 4rom an online in&estiationMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
laudio 0idal Gin2, Jose (:pe# Guerrero and !strella 0illalba 1u;#
122
Syneries bet5een social researc;ers and social 5or6ers: An eperience 5it; underround
6etamine usersMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
Giulio 0idotto /onda
12
Jeli&erin seualB ;ealt; care o&er t;e 8nternet 4or youn people under 2 in Iotterdam?
Ii@nmond, t;e 7et;erlandsMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM$
P-er 0riens, atrin Prins)"chiffer and *. 7of
12/
Je&elopin analysis o4 pooled urine samples as a tec;niDue to monitor t;e use o4 no&el
psyc;oacti&e substances in an urban en&ironmentMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM
David *.
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enote S!eech
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R e y n o t e S p e e c ; 2
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Peer'(ased inter%entions: /a fro# !aternalis#
toenis# toards greater #eaningf"l in%ol%e#entohn Peter ools1 *(erhard Schat-1
1Foundation Iainbo5 Group, 7L
/BS/)(eer in&ol&ement is 5idely reconised as an e44ecti&e met;od to in4orm, educate and support populations
and communities in enablin a certain desired be;a&iour$ ;e &ast ma@ority o4 peer?based initiati&es
concentrate on peer as a 4inal taret roup, rat;er t;an in&ol&in t;em in ot;er le&els o4 t;e process o4
ser&ice deli&ery or policyma6in$ H&er t;e last 2 years many peer?based inter&entions and ot;er initiati&es
;a&e been de&eloped in t;e 4ield o4 problematic dru use and amon users o4 ;ard drus$ ;is presentation
5ill 4ocus on some o4 t;e 6ey lessons learned on meanin4ul in&ol&ement and 5ill eplore 5ays to trans4er
t;ese lessons and eperiences to t;e settin o4 sa4er ni;tli4e$
),*SP,NIN. /;H,7ame: Oo;n (eter RoolsE?mail: @p6oolscorrelation?net$or
1< Bacgro"nd
(eers are a persons closest natural
en&ironment$ ;ere4or peer prorammes are
5idely used to in4orm, educate and uide
t;eir 4ello5?peers on topics o4 public ;ealt;
and education and in t;e 4ield o4 social and
corporate mar6etin$
(eer?based initiati&es are also 6no5n in t;e
ni;tli4e$ Cost o4 t;em 5or6 on supportin
t;eir peers in sa4er be;a&iour in recreational
settins$ ;in6 4or yoursel4, care 4or ot;ers,)
is a sloan o4 one o4 t;e peer initiati&es
mentions$B
"ypically, a number o4 di44erent sel4?;elp,
non?o&ernmental or scene?based
oranisations pro&ide inter&entions at
parties$ Iis6 reduction materials are usually
de&eloped in styles t;at emulate yout;
cultures$ Volunteers 5;o pro&ide peereducation Mf may occasionally be
recreational dru users t;emsel&es or ;a&e
used drus in t;e past$) EC#JJA, 200B$
Iecent ;ealt; ser&ice re4orms in many
countries emp;asise t;e importance o4 public
in&ol&ement, includin t;e issues o4 in&ol&in
taret roups in ;ealt; and social ser&ice
plannin, commissionin and deli&ery$
#oncepts suc; as
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R e y n o t e S p e e c ; 3
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ad&isory boards, peer employment and
trainin, peer?based o&erdose pre&ention
initiati&es, ;i;?pro4ile ad&ocacy pro@ects and
internet?based net5or6s$
;e 98V-A8JS epidemic in t;e 1/0sprompted a ne5 social mo&ement urin
action 4or impro&in ;ealt; 4or all, addressin
nelect and stimati+ation, and stri&in 4or
social @ustice and ;uman ri;ts$ ;is
mo&ement started roundbrea6in
inno&ations in ;ealt; promotion and
untraditional inno&ati&e partners;ips
bet5een dru user communities, dru
ser&ices, researc;ers and ;uman ri;ts
acti&ists$
All o4 t;ese initiati&es represent anincreased demand 4or reater and meanin4ul
in&ol&ement: peers s;ould be at t;e 4ore4ront
and cru o4 dru ser&ices and policies$
Ceanin4ul peer in&ol&ement s;ould be an
essential and uidin et;ical principle and a
cornerstone o4 modern social and ;ealt;
policies, because it=s et;ically ri;t, it 5or6s
and it contributes to impro&in people=s li&es$
8n 1//., t;e principle o4 reater
in&ol&ement o4 people li&in 5it; 98V-A8JS
G8(AB to ensure responses are et;ical ande44ecti&e 5as reconi+ed by .2 countries$ is
time to etend t;ese principles to t;e drus
4ield and to ad&ocate 4or meanin4ul
in&ol&ement o4 people usin drus in policies
and in practice$ ;e G8(A principles ;a&e
been translated by t;e international dru
user mo&ement into ;ereas
peer?based 5or6 5as 4louris;in in t;e 1//0s,
many rass roots orani+ations ;a&e
disappeared 5;ile ;i;?le&el in&ol&ement o4
user representati&es ;as increased
considerably$
;e 5ebsite 555$peerin&ol&ement$eu is an
eample o4 an initiati&e t;at aims to stimulate
reater meanin4ul in&ol&ement o4
consumers o4 ;ard drus$ ;e 5ebsite ;as
been de&eloped 4or t;ose 5;o 5ant to 5or6
on enablin and increasin t;e meanin4ul
in&ol&ement o4 people 5;o use drus in t;e
de&elopment and implementation o4 ser&ices
and policies$
;e 5ebsite is a resource o4 in4ormation onmeanin4ul in&ol&ement, a source o4
inspiration 4or all t;ose 5or6in in t;e drus
4ield and 5or6 in proress as a database o4
in4ormation and eperiences, continually
see6in and addin ne5, inspirin and
updated contributions$
;e in4ormation o44ered in t;e 5ebsite is a
collaborati&e e44ort documentin &arious
eperiences, re4erences, boo6lets on peer
in&ol&ement and ;as contributions 4rom all
o&er Europe and beyond;is initiati&e is part o4 a #orrelation, an
European net5or6 on t;e ;ealt; and social
inclusion o4 &ulnerable roups$ ;e 5ebsite
;as been de&eloped 5it; input, ad&ice and
contributions 4rom a rane o4 international
eperts on peer 5or6, includin people 5;o
use drus, dru ser&ice pro&iders, dru user
acti&ists, researc;ers and academics$
3< e arg"#ent
;ere are many interpretations andde4initions o4 peer 5or6, but t;e mentioned
initiati&e on peer in&ol&ement uses t;e
4ollo5in 5or6in de4inition: (eer 5or6 is a
4reestandin initiati&e or a collaboration
bet5een community members and an
aency, aimin at meanin4ul in&ol&ement o4
peers and based on principles o4 mutuality
and empo5erment$) An essential
prereDuisite o4 meanin4ul in&ol&ement o4
community members$ Empo5erment o4
s;ould be at t;e 4ront and center o4 peer?
based ser&ices$
;e presentation distinuis;es &arious
concepts o4 concepts:
1$ At t;e top o4 t;e in&ol&ementpyramid, is: autonomous sel4?mobilisation$ An
oranisation t;at is acti&ely in&ol&ed in
decision?ma6in in policy and ser&ice desin
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R e y n o t e S p e e c ; 4
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in&ol&ement collaborations bet5een user
initiati&es and aencies
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R e y n o t e S p e e c ; &
7 8 G 9 S 2 0 1 3
Pschedelics and research che#icals:
+hat are the and hat do e no a(o"t the#>a%id *< Nichols1
1%ni&ersity o4 7ort; #arolina, #;apel 9ill, 7#, %SA
/BS/);e classical ;allucinoens psyc;edelicsB ;a&e been 6no5n and used t;rou;out ;uman ;istory$ 8n ancient
times t;ey played pi&otal roles in many early cultures, and t;eir use ;as been documented bac6 into
pre;istoric times$ 8n modern times 5e came to 6no5 about t;em larely in t;e 1/0s?1/0s$ Jrus li6e LSJ,
and plants suc; as peyote or psilocybin mus;rooms are potent aents t;at modi4y ordinary consciousness to
produce dramatic alterations o4 perception$ 8t ;as e&en been s;o5n t;at under proper circumstances, t;ese
psyc;edelics can produce transcendent-mystical eperiences t;at ;a&e lastin personal &alue$ ;ese
substances are p;ysioloically sa4e, and do not produce dependence or lead to addiction$ ;ey taret a
particular class o4 brain serotonin receptor 6no5n as t;e ?92A receptor$ ;is tal6 5ill brie4ly discuss t;e
;istory o4 psyc;edelics, and ;o5 t;ey are belie&ed to eert t;eir e44ects in t;e brain$ Core recently, ne5er
substances ;a&e emered on t;e underround mar6et, 6no5n as "Iesearc; #;emicals)$ 8n contrast to
classical ;allucinoens, t;ese ne5er drus ;a&e un6no5n toicity and enerally ;a&e not been studied prior
to t;eir emerence as street drus$ ;eir proli4eration is due in lare part to 8nternet access o4 t;e scienti4ic
literature$ Cany o4 t;em are 6no5n to ;a&e toic e44ects, particularly on t;e cardio&ascular system$ ;ese
substances enerally 4all into t5o ma@or cateories, bein related to psyc;ostimulants li6e
met;amp;etamine, or to p;enet;ylamine ;allucinoens suc; as mescaline$ ;is tal6 also 5ill brie4ly discuss
t;e &arious types o4 researc; c;emicals, and touc; upon ;o5 t;eir action di44ers 4rom older and sa4er
substances$
),*SP,NIN. /;H,7ame: Ja&id E$ 7ic;ols
E?mail: JE7ic;olsemail$unc$edu
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R e y n o t e S p e e c ; 6
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Health !rotection !olicies in nightlife settings:
he *=)/?s !ers!ecti%e/lessandro Pirona1 .regor B"rhart1
1EC#JJA, E%
/BS/)7i;tli4e settins are a 6ey priority settin 4or t;e implementation o4 ;ealt; protection inter&entions in
Europe as documented in &arious E% top le&el policy documents e$$ E% drus action plan 2013?1B$
Ecessi&e licit and illicit substance use and its associated s;ort and lon?term ;ealt; conseDuences still
represent a sini4icant part o4 t;e ;ealt; burden eperienced by youn Europeans$ 8n t;is contet, sini4icant
proress ;as been ac;ie&ed o&er t;e last decade in t;e de&elopment o4 sa4er ni;tli4e settins$ For eample,
numerous ne5 E% and national 4unded pro@ects 5ere carried out t;at 4ocus on researc;, implementation
and e&aluation o4 inter&entions and reulations t;at impro&e t;e ;ealt; and sa4ety o4 party oers and t;eir
surroundins$
9o5e&er, 5;ile en&ironmental strateies seem to be t;e most e44ecti&e approac; in modi4yin ris6
be;a&iours and percei&ed norms amon party oers, t;eir implementation in many Cember States is slo5
and o4ten eorap;ically une&en$ #urrently, EC#JJA data s;o5 t;at still too o4ten, approac;es, i4 any, are
based on pro&ision o4 in4ormation and unilateral, tareted actions e$$ drin6 and dri&in campainsB$
Cean5;ile, ne5 and 4ast c;anin de&elopments at di44erent le&els o4 our societies e$$ se&ere economic
crises, emerence o4 ne5 psyc;oacti&e substances, reater mobility 5it;in Europe and sini4icant
interconnecti&ity bet5een indi&iduals t;rou; ne5 tec;noloiesB are s;apin and di44usin ne5 social
norms, consumption patterns and ris6 be;a&iours 5it;in European ni;tli4e settins$ ;e current
presentation 5ill discuss t;ese ne5 c;allenes 4or policy ma6ers, ser&ice pro&iders and o4 course 4or party
oers$
),*SP,NIN. /;H,7ame: Alessandro (irona
E?mail: alessandro$pironaemcdda$europa$eu
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R e y n o t e S p e e c ; 7
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)reati%e econo# of the night.a"ti Sigthorsson1
1
Jept$ o4 #ommunication and #reati&e Arts%ni&ersity o4 Green5ic;, %R
/BS/);ere is somet;in o4 t;e ni;t about t;e creati&e industries$ ;e career stories o4 creati&e pro4essionals
tend to include stints in bars, ca4es, 5or6 at odd ;ours o4 t;e day and ni;t$ \our bartender is an artist, your
5aiter is an actor, and so on$ Core t;an t;at, t;ereYs a 5idespread lin6 bet5een t;e creati&e industries and
t;e ad@acent business o4 t;e ni;t time economy$ ;eatres attract patrons to bars and restaurants, t;e
business net5or6in and post?5or6 drin6s o4 t;e media industries ta6e place in t;e e&enin$ ;is
presentation loo6s beyond t;e policy?based de4inition o4 t;e creati&e industries to a brooder notion o4 a
creati&e li4estyle, bo;emia and a sense o4 acti&ities de4ined by t;e all?;ours &ibrancy o4 t;e metropolis$
a6in in Duestions o4 eDual opportunity, ;ealt; and 5ellbein, 5e consider t;e idea and eperience o4 a
creati&e career 4rom an a4ter?;ours perspecti&e, suestin t;at in t;e creati&e industries t;ere is no suc;
t;in as a strai;t4or5ard day @ob$
),*SP,NIN. /;H,7ame: Gauti Sit;orsson
E?mail: $sit;orssonre$ac$u6
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R e y n o t e S p e e c ; 8
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*lectronic ance ="sic @*=A festi%als:
It$s all a(o"t the %i(e.raha# St ohn1
1Gri44it; %ni&ersity, A%
/BS/)As t;ey orc;estrate t;eir uniDue stam into t;e 4lo5 o4 time, Electronic Jance Cusic EJCB 4esti&als
5orld5ide attempt to capture, optimise and prolon a socio?sonic aest;etics most 6no5 as t;e "&ibe)$ >it;
speci4ic attention to EJC 4esti&als, my presentation o44ers a retrospecti&e on t;e ;istory and meanin o4 t;is
sou;t a4ter eperience t;at e&eryone 6no5s and yet is impossible to articulate$
),*SP,NIN. /;H,7ame: Gra;am St Oo;n
E?mail: $st@o;n5arpmail$net
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Nightlife fieldor: )hallenges and ne #ethods in the
ethnogra!h of electronic dance #"sic"is'=an"el .arcia1 /lice ,$.rad2 .raha# St ohn3
1Ca (lanc6 8nstitute 4or
9uman Je&elopment,
Germany
2Sc;ool o4 (er4ormanceand #ultural 8ndustries
%ni&ersity o4 Leeds, %R
3 Gri44it; #entre 4or
#ultural Iesearc;, Gri44it;
%ni&ersity, Australia
/BS/)7i;tli4e contets pose uniDue c;allenes to et;norap;ic met;ods, and yet t;ere is a notable lac6 o4
pedaoical or critical literature on 4ield5or6 t;at is tailored to electronic dance music scenes$ ;is panel o4
t;ree papers endea&our to bein redressin t;is lac6 by eaminin t;e particular c;allenes o4 ni;tli4e
4ield5or6 and proposin ne5, eperimental, bespo6e met;ods o4 studyin ni;tli4e "in t;e 4ield$)
),*SP,NIN. /;H,
7ame: Luis?Canuel GarciaE?mail: t;eluisarciamail$com
1< Introd"ction
;e instructional uide to doin 4ield5or6 in
ni;tclubs and bars ;as yet to be 5ritten$
*ut, considerin t;e continued rise in
sc;olars;ip o4 electronic dance music
cultures EJC#B, it seems t;at a critical
eamination o4 its 4ield5or6 met;ods is 5ell
o&erdue$ For more t;an t5enty years no5,youn sc;olars o4 EJC# ;a&e ;ad to
approac; t;eir 4ield5or6 more or less on
t;eir o5n, adaptin met;ods 4rom t;eir
;ome disciplines and sca&enin "tips and
tric6s) 4rom t;ose 5or6in in similar contets$
ransposin EJC# into sc;olarly discourse
is 4rau;t 5it; di44iculties o4 t;e 6inds t;at
panellists address and ;a&e attempted to
o&ercome in &aried approac;es$ ;is
discussion ;as its oriins in a special edition
o4 Dancecult? Journal of !lectronic Dance*usic ulture on 4ield researc; and EJC
cultures 555$d@$dancecult$netB t;e
contributions to 5;ic; con4irm t;e
compleity o4 a 4ield t;at ;as
multidisciplinary inputs, multiple 4oci and
en@oys &aried met;odoloical and
representational approac;es$
;is panel consists o4 t;ree paper
presentations eac; allotted 30 minutes 4or
t;e presentation as 5ell as t;e subseDuent
Duestion?and?ans5er session$ ;e panel
opens 5it; Luis?Canuel Garcia=s
presentation, "Join 7i;tli4e Field5or6,)
5;ic; pro&ides a re&ie5 o4 current
met;odoloical sc;olars;ip, a presentation o4
t;e met;odoloical c;allenes speci4ic to
ni;tli4e 4ield5or6, and a brie4 o&er&ie5 o4
t;e ne5 met;ods t;at EJC# sc;olars ;a&e
been de&elopin in response to t;esec;allenes$
;e panel continues 5it; Alice H=Grady=s
presentation, "(layin t;e 4ield,) 5;ic; brins
t;e met;ods o4 per4ormance studiesgin
particular, practice?based researc;gto bear
on t;e 4ield o4 EJC music 4esti&als$ H=Grady
illustrates t;ese met;odoloies 5it; t;e 5or6
o4 t;e per4ormance roup, M4loorSpaceM
5;ic; orani+es immersi&e, interacti&e, and
play4ul per4ormances durin music 4esti&als$
Gra;am St Oo;n closes t;e panel 5it;, ";eintimate media?ecoloy o4 t;e &ibe,) 5;ic;
enaes 5it; t;e di44iculties o4 translatin
4ield5or6 eperience in EJC culturesB to
academic prose$ St Oo;n proposes an
eperimental and eperiential approac; t;at
dra5s on "nanomedia,) a sample?based
process t;at remies 4raments 4rom &arious
media into a collae t;at produces ne5,
trans4ormati&e mediations o4 EJC
eperience$ St Oo;n 5ill demonstrate t;is
et;norap;ic met;od li&e durin t;e
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presentation, screenin se&eral audio?&isual
&inettes$
2< Pa!er: oing Nightlife Cieldor
/"thor:Luis?Canuel Garcia/ffiliation: Ca (lanc6 8nstitute 4or 9uman
Je&elopment, Germany
/(stract: Alt;ou; pedaoical and critical
literature already eists concernin 4ield5or6
met;odoloy in t;e ma@or et;norap;ic
disciplines, ;ardly any o4 t;ese address issues
speci4ic to conductin 4ield5or6 in electronic
dance music scenes$ ;is paper identi4ies and
describes t;ese issues, usin t;e aut;or=s
o5n 4ield5or6 eperiences to suest ne5
and adapted met;ods$)orres!onding /"thor: Luis?Canuel Garcia
t;eluisarciamail$comB
;is paper sets out to eamine and redress
t;e relati&e lac6 o4 met;odoloical re4lection
in ni;tli4e studies$ Jra5in 4rom t;e
aut;or=s o5n 4ield5or6?eperiences, t;is
paper ;i;li;ts t;e particularities o4 ni;tli4e
4ield5or6 and suests ne5 met;ods t;at are
tailored to EJC contets$ 8t also loo6s to t;e
5or6 o4 ot;er EJC# sc;olars to 4indinspiration 4or inno&ati&e approac;es to t;e
et;norap;ic study o4 ni;tli4e scenes$
8n social science=s most prominent
et;norap;ic disciplines e$$ ant;ropoloy,
socioloy, 4ol6lore studiesB, t;ere already
eists a robust literature on 4ield5or6
met;ods, 4rom didactic to critical to
eperimental$ *ut t;ese "top?le&el)
disciplines span a 5ide rane o4 sites, scenes
and t;emes, so t;e uidance t;ey pro&ide
can o4ten be too eneral, t;us lea&in t;e
buddin EJC# researc;er to adapt t;ese
models to ni;tli4e contets$ Furt;ermore,
t;ese disciplines ;a&e ro5n out o4 particular
places and political contets e$$ current and
4ormer colonies, rural Europe, indienous
communitiesB, and t;us many establis;ed
met;odoloical con&entions assume 4ield
conditions t;at are not pertinent to ni;tli4e
studies$
Hne can ne&ert;eless 4ind &aluable
met;odoloical insi;ts in speci4ic sub?
disciplines and nei;bourin, t;ematically
related 4ields$ For eample, one can 4ind
re4lections on et;norap;ic met;odoloy in
popular music Ca5ell, 2002B,
et;nomusicoloy *ar+ and #ooley, 1//
Cyers, 1//2B, dance studies *uc6land,1///B, and t;eatre-per4ormance studies
Rers;a5 and 7ic;olson, 2011 Smit;, 200/B$
Across se&eral disciplines, t;ere are also
instructi&e and critical inter&entions to be
4ound on 4ield?notes and t;e 5ritin o4
et;norap;y #li44ord and Carcus, 1/
Emerson, Fret+ and S;a5, 2011 Carcus,
2002, 2012 Car6;am, 200 Van Caanen,
1/B$ #ertain 4ields ;a&e already de&eloped
a substantial discourse on ni;tli4e 4ield5or6,
suc; as yout; studies *lac6man, 2009od6inson, 200 9unt, Coloney and E&ans,
2010 Le *reton, 200. Lyn, 200B and public
;ealt; - epidemioloy - dru use studies
Adler, 1//0 Jemant, Ia&n and ;orsen,
2010 9unt, Coloney and E&ans, 200/
Ceas;am and Coore, 200 Coore, 2002B$
;e re4lei&e turn in t;e social sciences also
produced important accounts o4 t;e impact
o4 ender and seuality on 4ield5or6 met;ods
Allison, 1//. Gurney, 1/ (errone, 2010
Iambo Ionai, 1//2 Sanders, 200B, alt;ou;muc; more remains to be done on t;is topic
as 5ell as on race, class, et;nicity, ability, and
ot;er identity?cateories$ Finally, researc; on
mobility and translocal net5or6s ;as been
producin a rane o4 "mobile met;ods) t;at
can pro&e use4ul 4or sc;olars o4 EJC=s
increasinly mobile scenes *Psc;er, %rry and
>itc;er, 2011 Carcus, 1//, 1///B$
H4 course, researc;ers can al5ays 4ind
uidance by 4ollo5in t;e eample o4
already?publis;ed EJC# researc;$ 84 present
at all, ;o5e&er, descriptions o4 et;norap;ic
met;ods in t;ese publications are usually
tuc6ed a5ay discreetly in an appendi or a
section o4 t;e introductory c;apter$ For
eample, only a 4e5 EJC?related
monorap;s deal 5it; 4ield5or6 met;ods in
substantial detail Anderson, 200/ *uc6land,
2002 Calbon, 1///B, 5;ile anot;er ;and4ul
address it in an indirect or lancin 5ay
Amico, 200 *utler, 200 JYAndrea, 200
Fi6entsc;er, 2000 St$ Oo;n, 2010 ;ornton,
1//B$ *ut t;ese brie4 met;odoloical
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re4lections too o4ten lac6 detail, do not
interroate t;eir o5n met;ods and-or 4ail to
enae critically 5it; ot;er EJC#
et;norap;ers$
At present, t;ere is a near?total lac6 o4eplicitly pedaoical materials on EJC#?
speci4ic 4ield5or6, and e&en t;e descripti&e or
critical 5ritin t;at ta6es suc; 4ield5or6 as a
central t;eme is scant and 4ramented$ As
t;is 4ield o4 study ro5s and matures, it is
becomin increasinly problematic t;at 5e
;a&e not yet de&eloped a s;ared notion o4
5;at "best practices) in ni;tli4e 4ield5or6
5ould loo6 li6e$ ;is is an important et;ical
and disciplinary issue t;at 5e can ;ardly
a44ord to inore$ Hne may ri;tly as6 5;et;era uni4ied pedaoy o4 4ield5or6 met;ods is
desirable in suc; a di&erse 4ield, but t;ere are
nonet;eless se&eral practical, et;ical and
leal considerations particular to EJC#
4ield5or6 t;at bot; ne5 and old
et;norap;ers s;ould not ;a&e to 4ace alone$
2;iteley and
O$ Iycena Eds$B$ >ueering the popular
pitch$ 7e5 \or6: Ioutlede$
Anderson, $ L$ 200/B$ 1ave culture? The
alteration and decline of a Philadelphia
music scene$ (;iladelp;ia: emple
%ni&ersity (ress$
*ar+, G$ F$ and $ O$ #ooley$ 1//B$ "hadows
in the field? $ew perspectives for
fieldwor' in ethnomusicology$ 7e5 \or6:H4ord %ni&ersity (ress$
*iernac6i, ($ and J$ >aldor4$ 1/1B$ Sno5ball
Samplin: (roblems and ec;niDues o4
#;ain Ie4erral Samplin$ "ociological
*ethods @ 1esearch, AB2B, 1.113$
*lac6man, S$ O$ 200B$ esleyan %ni&ersity
(ress$
Gurney, O$ 7$ 1/B$ 7ot one o4 t;e uys: ;e
4emale researc;er in a male?dominated
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settin)$ >ualitative "ociology 1B, .2
2$
9od6inson, ($ 200B$
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)orres!onding /"thor:Alice H=Grady
a$oradyleeds$ac$u6B
As sc;olars o4 EJC# t;e relations;ip 5e
;a&e 5it; t;e contets 5e in&estiate is
comple$ Cost o4 us are deeply embedded int;e scenes 5e researc;$ >e are not distanced
obser&ers but embodied participants, mo&in
5it; t;e s5ell o4 t;e cro5d and becomin a
li&in articulation o4 it$ >e allo5 t;e play o4
t;e e&ent to un4old around us and become
immersed in its psyc;otoporap;y, in turn
in4luencin and bein in4luenced by it$ ;e
p;ysical and psyc;ical ni;t?time spaces 5e
occupy ;ouse our li&ed eperiences t;at are,
in essence, oranic, e&ol&in and open to
multiple interpretations$ ;ese eperiencesare s;ared 5it; our 4riends, en@oyed in t;e
present tense but s;aped by t;e past, and
enra&ed 5it; our personal narrati&es o4
dance, collecti&ity and a44ect$ Jistinctions
bet5een t;e researc;er and t;e researc;ed
in t;is contet are blurry to say t;e least and,
in some cases, cateorisation or di&ision
collapses entirely as our bodies become t;e
site o4 meanin ma6in and t;e &e;icle
t;rou; 5;ic; t;ose meanins are
epressed$Cet;ods adopted in t;e 4ield o4
per4ormance studies locate t;e researc;er
4irmly 5it;in t;e researc; 4rame and
ac6no5lede embodiment as a leitimate
and insi;t4ul 5ay o4 eneratin ne5
6no5lede$ (ractice?based researc;
de&eloped in t;is domain ;as de&eloped
imainati&e met;odoloies t;at
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also to t;e members o4 $$$4loorSpace$$$ 5;o
contributed ideas, time and enery
t;rou;out t;e li4e o4 t;e pro@ect$
3ueer
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Setting the Standard< .ood !ractice standards for har#
red"ction inter%entions in nightlife settings"dith NoiDen1
1Oelline6 (re&ention, 7L
/BS/)o de&elop and implement Duality standards on a E% le&el 4or inter&entions 5or6in in t;e constantly
c;anin ni;tli4e settins is a c;allene$ 8ntention o4 t;is session is to present t;e practice based 7E>8(
Standards and to raise a5areness on c;allenes and opportunities o4 de&elopin and implementin
standards 5it;in t;e 4ield o4 ni;tli4e settins$ *y s;arin in4ormation bet5een small rass rootB ;arm
reduction pro@ects and oranisations 5;o ;a&e done a lot o4 5or6 on creatin minimum ood Duality
standards on a E% le&el and learnin 4rom eperiences 5it; implementin standards t;e aim is to 5or6 on
buildin consensus on ;o5 to mo&e 4or5ard$ Iepresentati&es 4rom , , 5ill describe eperiences,
lessons learned and pro&ide an opportunity 4or Duestions and ans5ers$
),*SP,NIN. /;H,7ame: Oudit; 7oi@en
E?mail : @udit;noi@en@elline6$nl
1< Introd"ction
8mpro&in t;e Duality and e44ecti&eness o4
inter&entions and ser&ices in t;e 4ield o4
pre&ention, treatment, ;arm reduction,
re;abilitation and social reinteration is a
priority under t;e E% Jrus Stratey$ ;ede&elopment o4 Duality standards 4or
inter&entions 5or6in in ni;tli4e settins on
a E% le&el is an ambitious c;allene i&en
t;e national di44erences in terms o4 dru use
and dru problems as 5ell as t;e di44erences
in t;e orani+ation o4 public ;ealt; care
systems, cultural and socio?economic 4actors
and o4 course in ni;tli4e settins and
subcultures$ >;en introducin standards
and 5or6in on 4ittin t;e 5or6 t;at=s done
in t;e 4ield in a standardi+ed 4ormat t;ere=sal5ays t;e 4ear o4 dampin creati&ity and
4leibility$
7e&ert;eless, t;ere is considerable scope
to impro&e t;e Duality o4 inter&entions,
prorams and ser&ices 5it;in t;is 4ield$
S;arin eperience and learnin 4rom best
practice in t;e 4ield o4 sa4er ni;tli4e
inter&entions ;as a &aluable role to play at
t;e E% le&el$
2< Str"ct"re
A ninety minute proram startin 5it; t5o
spea6ers i&en ten to 4i4teen minutes eac; to
spea6 to introduce t;e standards t;at are
a&ailable in Europe$
;e moderator 5ill summari+e t;e tal6s 4ort;e audience, as6 t;e panellists to introduce
t;emsel&es s;ortly and ;a&e se&eral
Duestions to as6 to start t;e audience
discussion$
3< )ontent
;ere 5ill be t5o introduction
presentations:
;e 6ic6 o44 presentation 4ocuses on t;e on?
oin 5or6 in t;e 4ield o4 best practice,
uidelines and standards underta6en by t;eEuropean Conitorin #entre 4or Jrus and
Jru Addiction EC#JJAB, t;e >orld 9ealt;
Hranisation >9HB and t;eir lin6s 5it; t;e
5or6 underta6en by t;e E%S pro@ect$
Jurin t;e second presentationt;e 7E>8(
Standards coordinator 5ill present 4our sets
o4 minimum Duality standards on Jru
c;ec6in, Duality labels, (eer education and
Emerin 7e5 Cedia$
;e presentation 5ill illustrate t;e content
and structure o4 t;ese standards as t;ey are
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publis;ed an a&ailable online at
555$sa4erni;tli4e$or$
8t 5ill be eplained t;at t;e 7E>8(
standards 5ere de&eloped by adaptin t;e
8( standards 5as
di44erent$ An o&er&ie5 5ill be i&en o4 t;e
tas6s underta6en to adapt t;e eistin
pre&ention standards to t;e reDuirements o4
t;e 7E>8( pro@ect$
Jurin t;e panel discussion se&eral topics
concernin t;e de&elopment and
implementation o4 Standards on a European
le&el 5ill be discussed and t;e moderator5ill in&ite t;e audience to participate in t;e
discussion and time 5ill be reser&ed 4or
Duestions and ans5ers$
opics t;at 5ill be discussed:
)o#!ara(ilit of the standards
8s it possible to adapt dru pre&ention
standards to a set o4 practical ;arm
reduction standardsX
Cear of loosing creati%it and fle5i(ilit
#an 5e set standards 5it;out i&in in on
creati&ity and 4leibilityX
P"r!ose of the standards
>;at s;ould be t;e purpose o4 t;e
standards: do standards re4lect an ideal
situation t;at oranisations 5ould be
epected to 5or6 to5ards are t;ey a
practical tool t;at 5ould be used, 4or
eample, by 4unders to select pro@ects 4or
4undin or are t;ey meant as a use4ul but
non?bindin tool to support practitioners in
t;eir e&eryday 5or6X
,"tco#e e%al"ation as !art of #ini#"#
E"alit standards
Hn t;e one ;and it could be arued t;at
outcome e&aluation 5ould be too
demandin 4or practitioners, particularly in
smaller, rass root oranisations on t;e
ot;er ;and, it could be seen as a 6ey
indicator 4or Duality$ 84 no outcome
e&aluation is planned, s;ould basin t;e
inter&ention on eistin e&idence o4
e44ecti&eness be mandatoryX
I#!le#entation of standards;e c;allenes o4 implementin standards
at national and E% le&el: ;o5 to meet t;e
epected political and 4inancial problems,
;o5 to address pro4essional concerns, t;e
leal conditions necessary and t;e role o4 E%
cooperation and support 5ill be considered$
#an 5e pro&ide aruments to @usti4y t;e
in&estments, 5;at are eperiences o4 t;e
EC#JJA and oranisations 5or6in 5it; t;e
E%S standardsX
>or6in 5it; uidelines and standardsimplementation mi;t be "daily business) 4or
many pro4essions but t;is is not t;e case 4or
many rass root orani+ations$ Lac6 o4
pro4essional s6ills and attitudes e$$
e&aluation mentality, accessin and usin
scienti4ic e&idence, 6no5lede o4 e44ecti&e
approac;es, pro@ect manaementB can
;inder implementation o4 t;e standards$
8mplementation o4 t;e standards relies not
only on upta6e by practitioners but must also
be addressed by politicians, commissioners,and 4unders at local, reional, national and
international le&els$
iffic"lt of a #oral s"(Dect
Jrus?related issues are o4ten sub@ect to
moral and ideoloical @udement$ ;is
pre&ents not only ob@ecti&e and e&idence?
based debate, but it also undermines t;e
possibility o4 lon?term proress as priorities,
policies and strateies are 4reDuently
modi4ied in response to political c;anes$
9o5 to deal 5it; t;is issueX
3< /cnoledg#ents
;e publications on t;e 7E>8( Standards
4or (eer Education, Jrus #;ec6in, uality
Labels K #;arters and Emerin 7e5 Cedia
arise 4rom t;e 7i;tli4e, Empo5erment K
>ell?bein 8mplementation (ro@ect 5;ic;
;as recei&ed 4undin 4rom t;e European
%nion in t;e 4rame5or6 o4 t;e 9ealt;
(roramme$ (ro@ect 7o$ 2010120$
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;e European dru pre&ention Duality
standards are publis;ed by t;e EC#JJA and
prepared 5it; t;e (re&ention Standards
(artners;ip under t;e (roramme o4
#ommunity Action in t;e 4ield o4 (ublic9ealt; 2003?0B$ (ro@ect 7o$ 20030.$ ;e
E%S standards are de&eloped 5it;in a
commission study titled YJe&elopin and E%
Frame5or6 4or minimum Duality standards
and benc;mar6s in dru demand reductionY
E%SB to ;elp de&elop minimum Duality
standards in t;e 4ield o4 dru demand
reduction$ ;ey ;a&e been de&eloped by t;e
S5iss Iesearc; 8nstitute 4or (ublic 9ealt;
and Addiction 8SGFB$
4< eferences
*rot;er;ood, A$, Sumnall, 9$I$ K t;e
pre&ention Standards (artners;op
2011B$ !uropean drugs prevention
9uality standards? /inal pro-ect report.Li&erpool: #entre 4or (ublic 9ealt;$
EC#JJA European Conitorin #entre 4or
Jrus and Jru Addiction 2011B$
!uropean drug prevention 9uality
standards? % manual for prevention
professionals. EC#JJA Canuals 7o$$
Luembour: ;e (ublications H44ice o4
t;e European %nion$
%c;ten;aen, A$, K Sc;aub, C 2011B$
*inimum >uality "tandards in Drug
Demand 1eduction !>U"? /inal 1eport.Zuric;: Iesearc; 8nstitute 4or (ublic
9ealt; and Addiction$
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Ne"tra%el !roDect e5!erienceanilo /ndreatta1 oren-o )a#oletto2 *lisa Cornero3
1
79S Asl H. Ser$ di8&rea (iedmont, 8
2
#7#A (iemonte -Associa+ione Gruppo
Abele, 8
3
#7#A (iemonte -#ooperati&a Alice, 8
/BS/)7eutra&el (ro@ect 7V (ro@ectB is an outreac; pro@ect carried out by a partners;ip bet5een public and
pri&ate orani+ations ASL o. and #7#A (8ECH7EB$ ;e pro@ect aimed to reac; partyoers and ni;t
people in t;eir recreational contets, especially ra&e parties, oa parties and bi electronic music e&ents, in
order to promote a sa4e entertainment culture, as 5ell as ;arm reduction$
),*SP,NIN. /;H,7ame: Loren+o #amoletto
E?mail: o+nerolislibero$it
1< Introd"ction
/"thor:Janilo Andreatta
/ffiliation:79S Asl H. ? Ser$ di 8&rea
)orres!onding /"thor:Janilo Andreatta
dandreattaaslto.$piemonte$itB
>e 5ould li6e to underline 3 main
strent;s on 5;ic; 5e ;a&e dra5n t;e
pro@ect:
j (eer operators= in&ol&ementj 8n&ol&ement o4 bot; 7o and 79S
teams in all manaement le&els
j (ossibilities 4or inter&ention on t;e
5;ole reional area
;e 7V pro@ect=s eperience ;as been
described in a boo6 un4ortunately
a&ailable only in t;e 8talian lanuaeB
"+ltre i confini dei raves. (e spirali del
divertimento fra rischio e pregiudi#io)?
"*eyond t;e ra&es= borders$ ;e spirals o4
amusement bet5een ris6 and pre@udice)Grosso and #amoletto, 2011B$
2< +oring tea#s and organi-ation
/"thor:Loren+o #amoletto
/ffiliation:#7#A (iemonte -
Associa+ione Gruppo Abele
)orres!onding /"thor: Loren+o
#amoletto o+nerolislibero$itB
At t;e beinnin t5o teams 5ere
collaboratin: a public one consistin o4
nurses, a psyc;oloist and peer operators
t;e pri&ate one includin t5o educators,
t5o ant;ropoloists and a peer educator$
;ere 5as an additional team 5or6in 5it;
t;ose mentioned abo&e only durin ni;t
inter&entions 5e called it "5ider team)B:
t;e members 5ere c;osen amon people
t;at ;ad been part o4 ni;tli4e contets or
5ere &ery 5ell acDuainted 5it; t;e sub?
cultures 5e 5ere oin to deal 5it; in ouroutreac; 5or6$ E&eryone 5as c;osen
because o4 t;eir pro4essional s6ills ? nurses,
social 5or6ers or educators ? and 5e
applied t;e same principle to t;e peer
operator, 5;o came 4rom a taret
contet-subculture, but 5as also
pro4essionally s6illed$
3< Peer s"!!ort
3e t;in6 t;at peer support and peer
in&ol&ement are stron met;odoloies
allo5in establis;in relations;ips and
alliances 5it; t;e taret roup, 5;ic; are
indispensable conditions in outreac;
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5or6B$ Any5ay in 8taly 5e ;a&e an open
debate bet5een pro@ects on t;e issue o4
peer support, since some o4 t;em are
aainst a "4ormal in&ol&ement) o4 peers
5;ile ot;ers support it$Since 1//. 5e ;a&e eperienced peer
in&ol&ement in se&eral lo5 t;res;old
ser&ice pro&iders and outreac; teams in
(iedmont 5or6in 5it; di44erent taret
roups Jru users, minor mirants, t;e
;omeless$$$B$ >e 5ere in&ol&ed in t;e
reali+ation o4 t;e European (eer Support
Canual rautmann and *arendret,
1//.B, in t;e empo5erment roup o4
#orrelation1 net5or6 Empo5erment and
Sel4Hrani+ations o4 Jru %sers ?eperiences and lessons learned ?200
555$correlation?
net$or-inde$p;pXoptionkcomcontentK&
ie5karticleKidk22K8temidk30 and 4inally,
5e are in&ol&ed in
;ttp:--555$peerin&ol&ement$eu initiati&e$
3
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/ffiliation:#7#A (iemonte -
Associa+ione Gruppo Abele
)orres!onding /"thor: Loren+o
#amoletto o+nerolislibero$itB
;e 7V pro@ect tries to create a net5or65it; di44erent sta6e;olders: public ;ealt;
aencies, party orani+ers, club manaers,
security teams and la5 en4orcement
aencies$ 8n particular 5e ;a&e obser&ed
t;at a pre?e&ent brie4in can be &ery use4ul
to ac;ie&e our oals$ *e4ore t;e beinnin
o4 an e&ent 5e tried to discuss 5it; party
orani+ers, security sta44 and t;e pro@ect
team t;e best line o4 inter&ention 4or
critical situations$ E&eryone al5ays ;as a
particular role in t;e contet and 5e try tosupport e&erybody=s e44ort 4or instance,
5e suest t;at t;e security sta44 s;ould
call us 5;en a person is lyin on t;e dance?
4loor, be4ore epellin ;im-;er 4rom t;e
club on t;e ot;er ;and 5e are ;elped by
t;e party orani+ers 5;o super&ise t;e
music e&ent to eplain our leitimate
reasons 4or bein t;ereB$
6< =edical care ser%ices and !rotocol ith
the #edical e#ergenc ser%ice/"thor:Janilo Andreatta
/ffiliation:79S ASL H. ? Ser$ di 8&rea
)orres!onding /"thor:Janilo Andreatta
dandreattaaslto.$piemonte$itB
E&ery team al5ays include Duali4ied
nurses 4rom bot; 79S and 7oB
9ealt; ser&ices reard:
treatment o4 common in@uries andot;er minor medical problems
riae
En&ironmental sur&eillance andresponse and crisis manaement$
;is means respecti&ely:
Settin up a First Aid-obser&ationStation put in t;e better loistical position
Establis;in an opencommunications c;annel 5it; t;e 79S
medical emerency ser&ice, in order to
reduce inappropriate ambulance calls and
;ospital treatments
>or6in 5it; "sound systems) andpartyoers to obtain actions aimed at
reducin t;e ris6s represented by dru use
and by t;e en&ironmental scene
abandoned 5are;ouses or open
countrysideB$
Jurin 1 ra&e parties 200?10B,obser&ed by t;e 7V, 5e monitored and
treated 213 persons 4or ;ealt; problems:
2 o4 t;em 5ere treated 4or common
en&ironmental in@uries accidental 4alls, do
bites, contusions, strains and sprains,
5ounds, lacerationsB, t;e remainin part
;ad problems directly related to
recreational use o4 alco;ol?drus-mitures
bad trip, mild ;ypot;ermia, ;ypotension,
mild de;ydrationB$
8t 5as ne&er necessary to ta6e apatient-partyoer to ;ospital by
ambulance e&ery situation 5as treated
and sol&ed in our 4irst?aid 5or6space$
;e 7V (ro@ect ;as dra5n up a 4ormal
protocol 5it; t;e 11 medical emerency
ser&ices to co?ordinate 4irst aid in &ery
critical situations durin ra&e parties
5;ere it is possible, 5e set up a 4irst aid
point near our 5or6space, in order to ;elp
t;e people 5;o 4eel sic6 durin t;e e&entB$
>e are tryin to tal6 to la5 en4orcementaencies as 5ell as ot;er sta6e;olders$
7< )ontacts and relationshi!s
/"thor:Elisa Fornero
/ffiliation:#7#A (iemonte - #ooperati&a
Alice
)orres!onding /"thor: Elisa Fornero
ely4ornerolibero$itB
;e easiest contacts and dialoues are
5it; partyoers, especially t;ose 5;o
attend ra&es and o to parties$ ;ese
relations;ips are no5 supported by a Face?
boo6 pae t;at counts about 100 4riends
t;is datum re4ers to t;e time o4 5ritin
t;is paper by t;e con4erence date t;ey 5ill
probably ;a&e increasedB$ Amon t;ese
"4riends) t;ere are party orani+ers, ;arm
reduction pro@ects and institutions ? suc;
as 89IA 4or instance? social associations
and outreac; pro@ects$ >e are connected
5it; local and reional orani+ations as
5ell as 8talian and international ones$
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Face?boo6 represents a &ery important
communication tool, not only in order to
establis; relations;ips 5it; partyoers but
also to learn about t;e e&ents t;at 5ill ta6e
place locally and contact t;e partyorani+ers to plan a 5or6space t;ere$
Lately some d@s, club manaers and party
orani+ers ;a&e ot in touc; 5it; us and
as6ed t;e 7V pro@ect to @oin in t;e music
e&ent t;ey 5ere plannin$
Hb&iously, Face?boo6 is used only 4or
"4ormal) contacts 5it; orani+ers,
attendees and ser&ices$ 8t cannot be used
4or ot;er reasons because 4ree parties are
&ery in4ormal e&ents and t;e orani+ers
need to use "protected) communicationc;annels$
8< / ne to!ic in research
/"thor:Elisa Fornero
/ffiliation:#7#A (iemonte - #ooperati&a
Alice
)orres!onding /"thor: Elisa Fornero
ely4ornerolibero$itB
Jurin our eperience 5e percei&ed
somet;in particular reardin 4ree parties
also 6no5n as ra&e parties ;ere in 8talyB$Free parties started in Enland as a protest
4or t;e restricti&e closin ;ours in Enlis;
clubs$ Some people started loo6in 4or 4ree
spaces 5;ere people could ;a&e 4un and
en@oy t;emsel&es as lon as t;ey li6ed t;e
parties could o on 4or se&eral daysB$ La5
en4orcement aencies tried to stop t;is
p;enomenon by usin 4orce and promotin
ne5 restricti&e reulations 4or public
e&ents #riminal Oustice Act in t;e %R,
Cariani=s act in FranceB$ 9o5e&er, d@s and
orani+ers 5;o come 4rom t;e ra&e scene
are today 5or6in in clubs and leal
e&ents$ >e can say t;at t;e s;i4t "4rom
club to ra&e) is turnin into "4rom ra&e to
club)$ ;is is an issue t;at s;ould be better
in&estiated$
9< NG$s !hiloso!h
/"thor:Elisa Fornero
/ffiliation:#7#A (iemonte - #ooperati&a
Alice
)orres!onding /"thor: Elisa Fornero
ely4ornerolibero$itB
8n our 4ield ";arm reduction and ris6
reduction) mean 5or6in on dru and
alco;ol use, ris6 be;a&iours, sa4e se in a"particular) 5ay: 5e need to consider t;e
particular cultural and musical contets in
5;ic; t;e mo&ements li&e, ni;tli4e 5it;
its lanuaes and codes, 4rom clot;es to
4lyers, includin arts Street?Art 4or
instanceB and di44erent 6inds o4 music,
&ideo?pro@ections and li;t e44ects$ A ;arm
reduction pro@ect needs to consider t;at
people et toet;er to eperience
sensations: t;ey use dance to epress
t;emsel&es and to communicate$>e belie&e t;at in t;is case ;arm
reduction must be less edu?centred t;an in
ot;er lo5 t;res;old?scenes but needs to
;a&e a ;olistic &ie5 o4 t;e 5orld o4 4ree
parties, to promote a more e;austi&e
6no5lede o4 its aspects$ 9arm reduction
means more t;an @ust i&in out
in4ormation 4lyers and sterili+ed material or
resol&in an emerency situation$ >e must
be li6e ;umble et;noloists 5;o meet
straners 5it; curiosity and a desire 4or6no5lede and do not claim to be
coloni+ers t;at brin ci&ili+ation$
10< /cnoledge#ents
;e 7t& pro@ect started in 200 t;an6s to
(aolo Ferrero, t;e minister o4 Social
Solidarity in 8taly at t;at time, and 5as
con4irmed and rene5ed in 2010 by
Eleonora Artesio, ;ealt; councillor in t;e
Ieional #ouncil o4 (iedmont$
A4ter a pause o4 a year and ;al4, t;is year
2013B 5e ;a&e restarted t;e pro@ect and
no5 our 4undin aencies are t;e 7ational
Jepartment 4or drus policies and t;e
administration o4 t;e (iedmont Ieion
5;ic; ;a&e included our pro@ect in t;e
reional ;ealt; proram$
11< eferences
An6er, O$, #amoletto, L$ K t;e #orrelation
empo5erment eport roup, Goossens,
S$, Grosso, L$, Lidell, J$, Van Jam, $,
200B$ !mpowerment and "elf)
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a l 6 24
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+rganisation of Drug Users. !3periences
and lessons learnt. #olop;on
*orselli, J$, #;iodini, C$, #orsari, C$,
Giacc;erini, S$ 2003B$ Peer !ducation.
$uovi stili di consumo. $uove strategiedi intervento. EGA Editore
#amoletto, L$, K Grosso, L$ 2011B$ +ltre i
confini dei raves. (e spirali del
divertimento fra rischio e pregiudi#io.
Edi+ioni Gruppo Abele$
rautmann, F$, K *erendret, #$, 1//.B$
The !uropean Peer "upport *anual.
Peer support as a method for %=D"
prevention in =DU communities. "Last
retrie&ed in 12, 30, 2011 in;ttp:--eboo6bro5se$com-t;e?
european?peer?support?manual?pd4?
d2//13)$
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/ ris assess#ent st"d in a nightlife area of =ilan @ItalA.io%anni /resi1 Stefania Corloni1 Gincen-o )ristiano1
1
ALA Cilano Hnlus, 8taly
/BS/)A "Iis6 assessment) study, based on t;e en&ironmental pre&ention approac;, ;as been conducted in a
ni;tli4e area o4 Cilan 8talyB$ ;e area 5as mapped and multiple met;ods 5ere used 4or data collection,
includin a Duestionnaire to ni;tli4e oers, a *A# assessment to dri&ers, structured 4ield obser&ations and a
pseudo?intoicated and pseudo?underae patron tec;niDue$ Iesults s;o5 t;at underae and pseudo?drun6
patrons easily et ser&ed respecti&ely 1,. and , o4 t;e attemptsB, 5;ile bars relyin most on-o44?
siteB or eclusi&ely o44?siteB on ta6e?a5ay purc;ase ;a&e been identi4ied as potentially ris6ier in terms o4
alco;ol lo5er mean price and t;e presence o4 promotions$ Field obser&ation indicated ot;er rele&ant ris6
4actors: t;e presence o4 many sins o4 disruption and a ood amount o4 lass bottles in t;e streets$ 7i;t?
time noise up to ?0 decibels at 2 a$m$B systematically eceeded ni;t?time residential area
recommended limits o4 ?0 decibels$ Iecommendations included inter&entions to modi4y bars alco;ol
policy and reduce bar sta44 propensity to ser&e alco;ol to underae or intoicated patrons, to pre&ent dri&in5;ile intoicated and limit disruptions and t;e presence o4 lass bottles in t;e streets$
),*SP,NIN. /;H,7ame: Gio&anni Aresi
E?mail: $aresialainrete$or
1< Introd"ction
;e icinese San Loren+o is a $000
in;abitants nei;bour;ood located in t;e
;istorical centre o4 t;e city o4 Cilan 8talyB$
Jurin t;e last t5o or t;ree decades it ;asbeen standin as one t;e ma@or ni;tli4e
areas o4 t;e city$ ;is area ;as eperienced
t;e openin o4 a ro5in number o4 drin6in
&enues and no5adays it counts 3/ alco;ol
outlets mostly bars and pubsB concentrated
in some streets and around a sDuare$
Especially in sprin and summer t;ousands o4
youn people at;er into t;e icinese San
Loren+o and most o4 t;em spend t;e ni;t
drin6in @ust outside o4 &enues or in t;e
streets$Iesearc; s;o5s t;at outlet density is
associated 5it; ;ealt; ris6 4actors >eit+man
et al, 2003B and t;at second ;and e44ects
noise and disturbances, &andalism,
drun6enness, &omitin and urinationB impact
on residentsY Duality o4 li4e >ec;sler et al$,
2002B$ ;is condition ;as caused ;i; le&els
o4 con4lict bet5een sta6e;olders at t;e local
le&el residents, pubs and clubs manaers,
city o&ernment and ni;tli4e oersB$
8n sprin 2012 t;e city Jepartments o4
Sa4ety K Local (olice and o4 #ommerce, 5;ile
promotin t;e constitution o4 a sta6e;olders
coalition comprisin t;e t5o proponent
departments, police representati&es, bars Kclubs representati&es and residentsY
association representati&esB 4unded a "Iis6
assessment) study to collect data on alco;ol
and dru?related ris6s and t;e impact o4
ni;tli4e on t;e area$
;e Iis6 assessment study ;as been
uided by t;e principles o4 t;e en&ironmental
pre&ention approac; Fis;er, 1//B and, in
certain aspects, by t;e Rit 4or Assessment o4
Iecreational 7i;tli4e at bot; area and
&enue le&el 8IEFIEAB$ ;e main ob@ecti&es o4t;e Iis6 Assessment study 5ere:
1$ 8denti4yin and assessin t;e mostrele&ant alco;ol and dru?related ris6 4actors
in t;e area
2$ H44erin a baseline measure 4or t;ee&aluation o4 t;e e44ecti&eness o4 4uture
inter&entions$
2< =ethod
A preliminary mappin o4 t;e area about
1$ 6m2B identi4ied 3/ alco;ol outlets$ Hutlets
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;a&e been obser&ed and assined to a
cateory table 1B$ Hutlet alco;olic be&erae
price and t;e presence o4 promotions and
specials on drin6s ;a&e also been assessed$
)ategor N
*ar o44?site onlyB 1
*ar?pub bot; on-o44?siteB
(ub on?site onlyB
Iestaurant
>ine bar 1
#lub 2
otal 39
a(le 1< Hutlets obser&ed$
Jata collection too6 place in Cay 2012 7b$All data presented in t;is document are
updated to February 2013 5;en a ne5 data
collection on some indicators too6 placeB and
included multiple met;ods:
i$ A sel4?report Duestionnaire administeredto ni;tli4e oers 7k.B socio?
demorap;ic pro4ile, recreational ;abits,
transportation ;abits, perception o4
sa4ety, cleanness, presence o4 lass and
a&ailability o4 drusB$ (articipants ;a&e
been approac;ed inside and outside o4randomly selected outlets
ii$ A sel4?report Duestionnaire and a *A#assessment administered to dri&ers
7k1B items on drin6-dru dri&in
be;a&iourB
iii$ A standardi+ed itinerary and time o4data collectionB protocol o4 4ield
obser&ation 1 5ee6ni;t and .
5ee6end ni;tsB measurin number o4
lass bottles, urination, &omitin, illeal
alco;ol salei&$ A pseudo?patron tec;niDue oomey et
al$, 200.B to assess bar sta44 propensity
to ser&e underae 1 years old1B and
intoicated patrons$ (ro4essional actors,
trained to s;o5 ob&ious sins o4
intoication, &isited 2. outlets 5;ile t5o
near 1 year old boys &isited 2 outlets$
Visited outlets ;a&e been randomly
1 8n 7o&ember 2012 t;e drin6in ae 5as raised to 1
4or o44?premise sale, 5;ile it remained unc;aned 4oron?premise sale$
selected in bot; cases$ Visits too6 place
in 3 di44erent ni;ts Cay 2012 and
Oanuary 2013B
&$ Assessment o4 ni;t?time noise le&els in spots in t;e area at 10 p$m$, 12a$m$and 2 a$m$ 1 5ee6ni;t, 3 5ee6end
ni;tsB 5it; a pro4essional p;onometer
(;onic (AI3B$
3< es"lts
3
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3
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Cig"re &$ Cean alco;olic drin6 cost 4or &enue
type$
*ars relyin most on-o44?siteB or eclusi&elyo44?siteB on ta6e?a5ay purc;ase ;a&e been
identi4ied as potentially ris6ier Ruo et al$,
2003B in terms o4 alco;ol promotions e$$ 1
s;otk2, s;otskB and lo5er price 4iure
B$ A7HVA resulted sini4icant bot; on beer
Fk 2$21 p$000B and drin6 cost Fk 2/$33
p$000B by &enue type$ (ost?;oc analysis
resulted sini4icant 4or all pairs ecept ta6e?
a5ay &s$ mied types 4or beer cost 5;ere
it approac;ed sini4icance pk$0.B$
3
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&< /cnoledg#ents
;e departments o4 Sa4ety K local police o4
t;e city o4 Cilan pro&ided 4inancial resources
4or t;e study presented in t;is document$
6< eferences
Aresi, G$, Fornari, L$, Iepetto, #$, K Scolari, C$
200/B$ E&aluation o4 a desinated dri&er
inter&ention to pre&ent alco;ol?related
road accidents in t;e clubs o4 Cilan, 8taly$
Adicciones, 21.B, 2/2$
#;aloup6a, F$ O$, Grossman, C$, K Sa44er, 9$
2002B$ ;e e44ects o4 price on alco;ol
consumption and alco;ol?related
problems$ Alco;ol researc; K ;ealt;,
21B, 223.$Fis;er, J$A$, 1//B$ En&ironmental Strateies
4or Substance Abuse (re&ention: Analysis
o4 t;e E44ecti&eness o4 (olicies to Ieduce
Alco;ol, obacco and 8llicit Jru
(roblems, EC#JJA$
Forsyt;, A$ O$ 200B$ *annin lass5are 4rom
ni;tclubs in Glaso5 ScotlandB:
obser&ed impacts, compliance and
patron=s &ie5s$ Alco;ol and Alco;olism,
.31B, 11111$
Gli6sman, L$, CcRen+ie, J$, Sinle, E$,Joulas, I$, *runet, S$, K Co44att, R$
1//3B$ ;e role o4 alco;ol pro&iders in
pre&ention: an e&aluation o4 a ser&er
inter&ention proramme$ Addiction,
/B, 11/?203$
Gripenber A$O$, >allin, E$, K AndrUasson, S$
2011B$ ;e "#lubs aainst Jrus)
proram in Stoc6;olm, S5eden: t5o
cross?sectional sur&eys eaminin dru
use amon sta44 at licensed premises$
Substance abuse treatment, pre&ention,
and policy, 2B$
9aurit+, C$, 9omel, I$, Cc8l5ain, G$, *urro5s,
$, K o5nsley, C$ 1//B$ Ieducin
&iolence in licensed &enues t;rou;
community sa4ety action pro@ects: t;e
ueensland eperience$ #ontemporary
dru problems, 24allB, 11?1$
9u;es, R$, ui, Z$, Ec6ley, L$, *ellis, C$,
Oones, L$, #ala4at, A$, Rosir, C$, et al$
2011B$ En&ironmental 4actors in drin6in
&enues and alco;ol?related ;arm: t;e
e&idence base 4or European inter&ention$
Addiction, 10 Suppl$ 1B, 3?.$
8IEFIEA$ Rit 4or Assessment o4 Iecreational
7i;tli4e$ Last retrie&ed Cay 3rd, 2013
4rom;ttp:--555$ire4rea$or-uploads-(JF-RAI
E7Full20SetE7$pd4
Oac;au R$, Sauer S$, Rrause J$, >itti 9$
200.B$ #omparati&e reression analysis
o4 concurrent elimination?p;ase blood
and breat; alco;ol concentration
measurements to determine ;ourly
deradation rates, Forensic Science
8nternational, Oul 1 1.32?3B, 11?20$
Ruo, C$, >ec;sler, 9$, Greenber, ($, K Lee,
9$ 2003B$ ;e mar6etin o4 alco;ol tocollee students: ;e role o4 lo5 prices
and special promotions$ American Oournal
o4 (re&enti&e Cedicine, 23B, 20.?211$
Lan, E$, Stoc65ell, $, Iydon, ($, *eel, A$,
1//B$ #an trainin bar sta44 in
responsible ser&in practices reduce
alco;ol?related ;armX Jru and Alco;ol
Ie&ie5 1, 3/0$
CcRni;t A$O$ 1/B Je&elopment and 4ield
test o4 a responsible alco;ol ser&ice
proramme, 4inal report >as;inton:7ational 9i;5ay ra44ic Sa4ety
Administration, %S Jepartment o4
ransportation$
S;ults, I$, Elder, I$ >$, Sleet, J$, 7ic;ols, O$ L$,
Alao, C$ H$, #arande?Rulis, V$ G$, Za+a, S$,
et al$ 2001B$ Ie&ie5s o4 e&idence
reardin inter&entions to reduce
alco;ol?impaired dri&in$ American
@ournal o4 pre&enti&e medicine, 21.
SupplB, ?$
Stoc65ell, $ 2001B$ Iesponsible alco;ol
ser&ice: lessons 4rom e&aluations o4
ser&er trainin and policin initiati&es$
Jru and Alco;ol Ie&ie5, 203B, 2?2$
oomey, $ L$, >aenaar, A$ #$, Rilian, G$,
Fitc;, H$, Iot;stein, #$, K Fletc;er, L$
1///B$ Alco;ol Sales to (seudo?
8ntoicated *ar (atrons$ (ublic 9ealt;
Ieports, 11.Ouly-AuustB, 333.2$
Gra;am, R$, Hsood, J$ >$, Zibro5s6i, E$,
(urcell, O$, Gli6sman, L$, Leonard, R$,
(ernanen, R$, et al$ 200.B$ ;e e44ect o4
t;e Sa4er *ars proramme on p;ysical
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aression in bars: results o4 a
randomi+ed controlled trial$ Jru and
alco;ol re&ie5, 231B, 31.1$
>allin, E$, Gripenber, O$, K AndrUasson, S$
2002B$ oo drun6 4or a beerX A study o4o&erser&in in Stoc6;olm$ Addiction,
/B, /01?$
>allin, E$, K AndrUasson, S$ 200.B$ #an 8 ;a&e
a beer, pleaseX A study o4 alco;ol ser&ice
to youn adults on licensed premises in
Stoc6;olm$ (re&ention science: t;e
o44icial @ournal o4 t;e Society 4or
(re&ention Iesearc;, .B, 221?/$
>allin, E$, Gripenber, O$, K et al$ 200B$
H&erser&in at licensed premises in
Stoc6;olm: e44ects o4 a community action
proram$ Oournal o4 Studies on Alco;ol,
B, 0?1.$
>eit+man, E$ I$, Fol6man, A$, Fol6man, C$ ($,
K >ec;sler, 9$ 2003B$ ;e relations;ip
o4 alco;ol outlet density to ;ea&y and4reDuent drin6in and drin6in?related
problems amon collee students at
ei;t uni&ersities$ 9ealt; K place, F1B,
1$
>ec;sler, 9$, Lee, O$ E$, 7elson, $ F$, K Ruo,
C$ 2002B$ %nderae #ollee Students=
Jrin6in *e;a&ior, Access to Alco;ol,
and t;e 8n4luence o4 Jeterrence (olicies$
Oournal o4 American collee ;ealt;,
0B, 22323$
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Part r"g "se in ondon in the !ost'internet era,ain /shorth1 Paola edeschi1
1
Sout; London and Caudsley 79S Foundation rust, London, %R
/BS/)8ncreasin numbers o4 recreational dru users are see6in treatment Jruscope, 2013B, citin drus t;at
re4lect t;e post?internet era$ 8t is not t;e drus t;emsel&es t;at are ne5 but rat;er t;e 5ay t;ey are used$
*e4ore leislation directly addressed 5are;ouse and sDuat parties 5;ere t;ese drus 5ere used openly,
users could be readily enaed 5it;$ Core recently problem ;eroin and crac6 use ;as s;o5ed clear sins o4
decline and ser&ices ;a&e beun to ad@ust to t;is c;ane$ >;at lesson can be learned 4rom t;e past in
uidin t;ese c;anesX
),*SP,NIN. /;H,7ame: (aola edesc;i
E?mail: +eldacti&email$com
1< Introd"ction
;ere is a ro5in a5areness in London, as
in ot;er areas o4 t;e %R, and indeed
t;rou;out Europe E#CJJA, 2013B, t;at
increasin numbers o4 recreational party dru
users are approac;in addiction ser&ices 4or
treatment Jruscope, 2013B$ ;e drus t;at
t;ey cite as bein most problematic re4lect
t;e c;anin 4ace o4 dru a&ailability in a
post?internet era, 4or eample, G*L,Cep;edrone, Retamine, and CJCA$ 7ot all
t;ese drus are recent in&entions, but t;e
manner, 5;ic; t;ey are used, ;as in many
cases c;aned dramatically in t;e last 1
years$ (rior to t;is, in an era o4 openly
ac6no5leded dru use in lare 5are;ouses
and sDuat parties, it 5as still possible to
enae recreational dru users in treatment
and support 5it; increased reulation in
response to leislation, ;o5e&er,
opportunities 4or t;is outreac; declinedeponentially$ 8n addition, many no5 de4unct
ser&ices, suc; as Sout;5ar6 Stimulant #linic,
and #onsultancy Liaison Addiction Ser&ices,
assessed and treated recreational dru users
5it;out 5idespread reconition$ 8n t;e
contet o4 a eneral decline in ne5
presentations o4 problematic crac6 and
cocaine users, ser&ices ;a&e ostensibly only
recently beun to ad@ust to t;is c;ane in t;e
treatment t;at t;ey o44er$ ;e 4ocus o4 t;is
paper is to re&isit earlier ser&ices and
initiati&es and as6 ;o5 t;e lessons learned in
t;e many years o4 t;eir eistence can in4orm
models o4 4uture ser&ice de&elopment$
2< Historical o%er%ie
8n 1//. t;e #riminal Oustice Act laid out t;e
%R o&ernmentYs aenda 4or t;e bureonin
*ritis; subculture o4 sDuat parties and ra&es,
openly ac6no5leded to be c;aracterised by
recreational dru use$8n 1// t;e deat; o4 Lea; *etts, 4ollo5in
CJCA use, albeit as a result o4 ecessi&e
4luid inta6e, caused a public outcry t;at
in4luenced o&ernment policy to5ard CJCA
to t;ese days$
8n 1// leislation to close do5n clubs
suspected o4 ;arbourin dru use 6no5n as
t;e #lub Jrus #rac6do5n *illB 5as brou;t
into 4orce, leadin to an aniety on t;e part
o4 commercial clubs to ac6no5lede dru use
on t;e premises in any 5ay, impactin oninitiati&es to enae dru users$
8n 1// Ielease, a c;aritable oranisation
5it; a remit to pro&ide leal aid to dru
users, launc;ed an initiati&e titled sa4er
clubbin 5it; t;e aim o4 pro&idin ;arm
minimisation ad&ice to recreational dru
users in clubs$ ;e same year Sout; London
and Caudsley SLACB implemented t;e
#onsultancy and Liaison Addiction Ser&ice
#LASB to pro&ide support and trainin 4or
Gps in t;e area o4 substance misuse$
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Simultaneously, SLACYs Stimulant Ser&ice
o44ered a broad c;urc; style o4 treatment,
5;ic;, alt;ou; oriinally intended to o44er
treatment to crac6 #ocaine users, came to
encompass problem users o4 t;ose drus notcatered 4or by traditional treatment met;ods
6etamine, G*L, met;amp;etamine, and
cannabisB$ %ntil 2011, 5;en t;e Stimulant
Ser&ice and Sout;5ar6 #LAS 5ere
decommissioned, t;ese ser&ices pro&ided t;e
mainstay 4or recreational dru users o4 t;ese
substances in Sout; London$ Alt;ou; t;ere
remains a clinic o44erin treatment 4or G*L
dependency 5it;in t;e rust, clients
problematically usin ot;er party drus are
currently catered 4or by t;e &oluntary sectorser&ices EVHLVE 5;ic; ;as only broadened
its remit to incorporate drus beyond #ocaine
in t;e last 2 yearsB, and A78JHE 5;ic; is
desined to cater 4or Lesbian, Gay, and
ransender clientsB$ ;ere4ore, t;ere is a
clear and present need to urently pro&ide
ser&ices t;at asserti&ely enae ot;er
recreational dru users in t;e party dru
scene Cc#ambride et al$, 200B$
3< eco##endationsGi&en t;at commercial clubs are li6ely to be
;esitant to o44icially admit dru 5or6ers 5it;
an aenda to enae dru users, reluctant to
openly ac6no5lede dru use on t;eir
premises, t;ere is muc; to be learnt 4rom t;e
eperiences o4 YSa4er #lubbinY in enain
t;e party dru usin demorap;ic$ A deree
o4 circumspection, or e&en camou4lae,
yielded clear ad&antaes, 5it; 5or6ers
enterin clubs 5it; a 4orm o4 co&ert
areement reac;ed 5it; t;e club o5ners to
tal6 5it; club?oers to o44er ;arm
minimisation ad&ice and in4ormation alon
5it; sin?postin to addiction ser&ices$ ;e
&ery aniety t;at ;inders t;e de&elopment o4
outreac; ser&ices also pro&ides an obstacle to
t;e acDuisition o4 accurate statistical data on
t;e scale o4 party dru use in t;ese settins:
independent initiati&es suc; as t;e GLH*AL
JI%G S%IVE\ ;arness t;e a&ailability o4smart p;one applications to o&er time
pro&ide an o&er&ie5 o4 trends in dru use
t;rou;out t;e 5orld, clearly also uidin t;e
de&elopment o4 addiction ser&ices: t;is
reliance on t;e 5illinness o4 dru users to
pro&ide in4ormation on t;e deree o4 t;eir
use re4lects t;e relati&e impenetrability o4 t;e
club culture in t;is reard$ #on&ersely, 4rom
t;e perspecti&e o4 access to ser&ices, t;e
#LAS eperience indicates t;at, i&en t;e
cross societal nature o4 party dru use, anapproac; t;at allo5s clients to see6
treatment &ia primary care pre&ents t;e
stima t;at o4ten c;aracterises dru ser&ices
traditionally caterin 4or users o4 9eroin and
crac6 #ocaine$ Hn t;e ot;er ;and, t;e
Stimulant Ser&ice approac; o44ered a means
to di&ert patients 5;o ;ad approac;ed
secondary ser&ices to a more appropriate
treatment milieu$
4< /cnoledg#entsIelease, Jru Global Sur&ey, Antidote,
Global Jru Sur&ey, SLAC (arty Jru #linic
&< eferences
JI%GS#H(E, 2013B$ Last retrie&ed Ouly 10,
2013, 4rom 555$druscope$or$u6$
EC#JJA, 2013B$ European Jru Ieport
2013: rends and Je&elopments$
Luembour: Luembour (ublication
H44ice o4 t;e European %nion$
Cc#ambride, O$, >instoc6, A$, 9unt, 7$, K
Citc;eson, L$, 200B$ European
Addiction Iesearc;$ ?\ear rends in %se
o4 9allucinoens and Ht;er Ad@unct Jrus
Amon %R Jance Jru %sers, A, ?.$
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a%a';/N'*5tre#e @;*A:
/ co#!rehensi%e ris red"ction sste# of inter%entions
in the Clorence night entertain#ent sceneStefano Bertoletti1 Bar(ara inti2 Cederica .a#(erale3
1Super&isor Iis6 and
9arm Ieduction Area,
#$A$$ #ooperati&e,
Florence, 8
2(syc;oloist Sta44
Cember, #$A$$
#ooperati&e, Florence, 8
3(syc;oloist Super&isor
o4 Oa&a #entre and
Etreme (ro@ect, Florence,
8
/BS/)A compre;ensi&e system o4 ris6 reduction inter&entions ;as been establis;ed in Florence 8talyB since t;e
late /0s$ Jisease model o4 addiction seems a poor 4it 5it; t;e eperiences o4 t;e a&erae dru user and 4ails
to eplain t;e ric; &ariation in dru use patterns and careers or t;e spontaneous reco&ery 4rom serious dru
addiction$ A 5ide array o4 studies on "in4ormal controls) s;o5 a broad spectrum o4 dru use "careers), 5;ile
t;e eneral trend is rat;er to5ards moderation t;an escalation$ As a result, a set o4 "in4ormal) inter&entions
;as been establis;ed to taret t;is particular sement o4 dru users$ Jurin t;e last decade, a ne5 model
Oa&a?%A7?Etreme, O%EB o4 inter&ention ;as been