nile basin initiative claire stodola unh ‘11, environmental conservation studies april 29, 2011
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NILE BASIN INITIATIVE
Claire Stodola
UNH ‘11, Environmental Conservation Studies
April 29, 2011
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Research Question
How has the Nile Basin Initiative influenced the riparian states’ management of the Nile River resources?
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Outline of Presentation
Background on the Nile River Basin region
History of Cooperation
Overview of Nile Basin Initiative (NBI)
Achievements
Challenges and Current Events
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Printing, Graphics, and Map Design Unit, The World Bank
Challenges
• Poverty
• Climatic variation
• Population growth
• Climate Change
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Upstream states• Low water needs
Downstream states• High water needs
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Historical Context
1902 – First international cooperation on the Nile
1929 – Permission required for upstream states
1959 – Still only BILATERAL
1960s to 1990s - Increasing frustration by upstream states
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What is the Nile Basin Initiative?
“to achieve sustainable socio-economic development through the equitable utilization
of, & benefit from, the common Nile Basin water resources”
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Is the NBI making a difference?
Gathering and sharing of information
Collaboration with other groups
Encouragement of civil society
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Challenges and Criticisms
Multiple objectives
Decision-makers of NBI ≠ Decision-makers of member states
Increasing tension between Egypt and upstream states
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Current Status
Cooperative Framework Agreement
Egypt in transition
Sudan - split into two states
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“As the citizens of these countries demand fairness from their rulers, let them extend the
same to their neighbors.”
-Editorial, Business Daily
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Sources
Bhat, Kiran. “Dwinding Oasis: Egypt’s Water Politics.” Harvard International Review Spring 2007: 13. Print.
Howell, P. P. and J. A. Allan. The Nile – Sharing a Scarce Resource: A historical and technical review of water management and of economic and legal issues. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. Print.
Kung, Ruedi. “Addressing the Dimensions of Transboundary Water Use: The Nile Basin Initiative.” Mountain Research and Development 23.1 (2003): 4-6. JSTOR. Web. 2 Oct. 2010.
Metawei, Abdel F. “History of Co-operation in the Nile Basin.” International Journal of Water Resources Development. 20.1 (2004): 47-63. EBSCOhost. Web. 3 Oct. 2010.
Nile Basin Initiative. Nile Basin Initiative. Web. 24 Sept. 2010. <http://www.nilebasin.org/>. Sadoff, Claudia W. and David Grey. “Beyond the river: the benefits of cooperation on international
rivers.” Water Policy 4 (2002): 389-403.
Swain, Ashok. “Mission Not Yet Accomplished: Managing Water Resources in the Nile River Basin.” Journal of International Affairs. 61.2 (2008): 201-14.
Teshome, Wondwosen B. “Transboundary Water Cooperation in Africa: The Case of the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI).” Alternatives: Turkish Journal of International Relations 7.4 (2008): 34-43. EBSCOhost. Web. 1 Oct. 2010.
Thompkins, Gwen. Ethiopia Claims High Ground in Right-To-Nile Debate. NPR. 19 Sept. 2010. Web. 24 Sept. 2010. <http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=130050352&ps=rs>.
Waterbury, John. The Nile Basin: National Determinants of Collective Action. Yale University Press, 2002. Print.
The World Bank and NBI. The World Bank. Web. 30 Nov. 2010 <http://go.worldbank.org/C25RHXSYG0>.