NM-TF1RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

29 CFR 1910.134

Presented by Robert Trujillo

Task Force member will identify and understand 29 CFR 1910.134, NM-TF1 respiratory protection program. Also will identify types, uses, selection and maintenance of respiratory protection equipment as per OSHA standard 1910.134 and a final exam of 70%.

TERMINAL OBJECTIVE

ENABLING OBJECTIVES• OSHA 1910.134 • Review Definitions• Identify 5 types of respiratory

protection devices• Respiratory Program Elements• Describe the difference between

QLFT and QNFT• Describe an IDLH atmosphere

and oxygen atmospheric parameters

• Describe maintenance and care procedures

ENABLING OBJECTIVES

• Identify training, evaluation requirements and respiratory protection program requirements

• Identify respiratory protection equipment utilized by NM-TF1

• NM-TF1 respiratory program requirements for task force personnel

DEFINITIONS• OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134• NIOSH• Oxygen atmosphere parameters• Permissible practice• Employee exposure• Respiratory inlet cover• Filters, Canisters, Cartridges

OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134

• Standard that establishes minimum medical, training and equipment levels for respiratory protection programs.

OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

29 CFR 1910.134• Covers all required and voluntary use of

respiratory protection in general industry• Requires a written program• Requires employee training, medical evaluation, and fit-testing• Standard revised in 1998 replacing 1971

standard

OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134

The OSHA respirator standard applies to all occupational airborne exposures to contaminated air where the employee is: • Exposed to a hazardous level of an airborne

contaminant; or • Required by the employer to wear respirators; or • Permitted to wear respirators.

OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134

Four major duties are imposed by each of these standards. These duties are: • Use engineering controls where feasible to

control the hazard; • Provide an appropriate respirator; • Ensure the use of an appropriate respirator; and;• Institute a respiratory protection program that

complies with the rest of the standard.

REFERENCES29 CFR 1910 OSHA Standard

• 1910.134, Respiratory protection • 1910.134(d), Selection of respirators • 1910.134(e), Medical evaluation • 1910.134(f), Fit-testing • 1910.134(g), Use of respirators • 1910.134(h), Maintenance and care of

respirators • 1910.134(i), Breathing air quality and use • 1910.134(k),Training and information • Appendix B-1, User seal check procedures

(Mandatory)

REFERENCES• 29 CFR 1910.134:http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_id=12716&p_table=standards• Appendix C, 1910.134 Medical Evaluation

Questionnaire: http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=9783

NIOSH• National Institute for Occupational Safety

and Health.• 42 CFR Part 84. • Sole responsibility for testing and certification of respiratory protection equipment.

• http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/• http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/

NIOSHUnlike its counterpart, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, NIOSH is not a regulatory agency. It does not issue safety and health standards that are enforceable under US law. Rather, NIOSH's authority under the Occupational Safety and Health Act [29 CFR § 671] is to "develop recommendations for health and safety standards", to "develop information on safe levels of exposure to toxic materials and harmful physical agents and substances," and to "conduct research on new safety and health problems."

OXYGEN ATMOSPHERE PARAMETERSAs per OSHA• Oxygen Deficient – below 19.5 %

• Impaired thinking and attention• 14% abnormal fatigue, poor judgment• 12% nausea/vomiting• 10% convulsions, death

• Oxygen Enriched – 23.5 % and above creating a fire hazard

PERMISSIBLE PRACTICE

• Feasible engineering controls such as enclosures, confinement of operations, ventilation, or substitution of less toxic materials

• If these controls are not feasible, or while they are being instituted, appropriate respirators shall be used pursuant to this standard

PERMISSIBLE PRACTICE

• Employer shall provide respirators, when

necessary, which are applicable and suitable for the purpose intended

• Employer shall be responsible for establishment and maintenance of a respirator program.

PERMISSIBLE PRACTICE1910.134(a)(1) In the control of those occupational diseases caused by breathing air contaminated with harmful dusts, fogs, fumes, mists, gases, smokes, sprays, or vapors, the primary objective shall be to prevent atmospheric contamination. This shall be accomplished as far as feasible by accepted engineering control measures (for example, enclosure or confinement of the operation, general and local ventilation, and substitution of less toxic materials). When effective engineering controls are not feasible, or while they are being instituted, appropriate respirators shall be used pursuant to this section.

PERMISSIBLE PRACTICE

1910.134(a)(2) Respirators shall be provided by the employer when such equipment is necessary to protect the health of the employee. The employer shall provide the respirators which are applicable and suitable for the purpose intended. The employer shall be responsible for the establishment and maintenance of a respiratory protection program which shall include the requirements outlined in paragraph (c) of this section.

“Exposure to a concentration of an airborne contaminant that would occur if the employee were not using respiratory protection.”

EMPLOYEE EXPOSURE

EMPLOYEE EXPOSURE

Various forms of airborne contaminant, such as dust, mist, gas, radiological or biological agent should always be a considered

• The portion of a respirator that forms the protective barrier between the user’s respiratory tract and an air-purifying device or breathing air source, or both

• May be a face piece, helmet, hood, suit, or a mouthpiece respirator with nose clamp

RESPIRATORY INLET COVERING

TIGHT –FITTING FACE PIECES

Quarter Mask Half Mask

Full Face PieceMouthpiece/Nose Clamp

(no fit test required)

Hood Helmet

Loose-FittingFace Piece Full Body Suit

LOOSE-FITTING COVERINGS

FILTERS

A component used in respirators to remove solid or liquid aerosols from the inspired air. Also called air purifying element.

CANISTER OR CARTRIDGECanister or cartridge means a container with a filter, sorbent, or catalyst, or combination of these items, which removes specific contaminants from the air passed through the container. Must be labeled/color coded with NIOSH approved label

SCOTT 80557-01 CARTRIDGE

AM - AmmoniaCD - Chlorine DioxideCL - ChlorineFM - FormaldehydeMA - MethylamineMV - Mercury VaporOV - Organic VaporSD - Sulfur Dioxide HC - Hydrogen ChlorideHF - Hydrogen FluorideHS - Hydrogen Sulfide (escape only)

NM-TF1 carries in stock the Scott 80557-01 40mm cartridge filter. This cartridge protects against chemicals noted on the left

END-OF-SERVICE-LIFE INDICATOR (ESLI)

A system that warns the user of the approach of the end of adequate respiratory protection; e.g., the sorbent is approaching saturation or is no longer effective.

CLASSES OF NON-POWERED AIR-PURIFYING PARTICULATE FILTERS

• There are ten classes of NIOSH-approved particulate filtering respirators available. 95% is the minimal level of filtration approved by NIOSH. • The N, R and P designations refer to the filter's oil resistance• Of these classes N, R, P there are 3 levels of filter efficiency, each with 3 categories of resistance to filter efficiency degradation due to presence of oil aerosols

N R P 100 100 100 99 99 99 95 95 95

FILTER CLASS DESCRIPTION

• N95, N99, N100 Filters at least 95%, 99%, 99.97%

of airborne particles. Not resistant to oil. • R95, R99, R100 Filters at least 95%, 99%, 99.97%

of airborne particles. Somewhat resistant to oil. • P95, P99, P100 Filters at least 95%, 99%, 99.97%

of airborne particles. Strongly resistant to oil. • HE (High Efficiency Particulate Air) Filters at least

99.97% of airborne particles. For use on PAPRs. PAPRs use only HE filters. Can be used with a Scott AV3000 along with 40mm CBRN rated adapter

HIGH EFFICIENCY FILTERS

• Filter that is at least 99.97% efficient in removing monodisperse particles of 0.3 micrometers in diameter.(HEPA filter per NIOSH 30 CFR 11)

• Equivalent NIOSH 42 CFR 84 particulate filters are the N100, R100, and P100 filters.

EXAMPLES OF AIRBORNE PARTICLES, GASESAirborne contaminants can be gases, vapors, or aerosols (small solid and liquid particles). • Dust, asbestos, silica and silicates, synthetic vitreous

fibers (SVF) or "fiberglass" , construction material• Bio-aerosols airborne particles that are living (bacteria, viruses and fungi) • Chemical warfare agents: nerve, blood, blister, and

choking agents. Most biological are aerosols, whereas most chemical warfare agents are gaseous.• Mold• Chemical gases• Off gassing

EFFECTIVE USE OF RESPIRATORS

• For emergency response

• At hazardous waste site operations

• When other controls are inadequate

• When other controls are not feasible

EMPLOYEE EFFECTIVENESS

The use of respiratory protection limits the effectiveness of the employee by 33.33 percent.

TYPES OF RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

• Atmosphere supplying• Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA)• Airline respirators• Air purifying• Gas and vapor• Particulate• Combination

FILTERING FACE PIECE(DUST MASK)

• N95 face masks represent a good choice when you want to

protect yourself from airborne particles, dust, allergens, pollen and so on.

• N95 masks are approved by NIOSH and they meet the

requirements of CDC.

• They are recommended by NIOSH and meet CDC guidelines

as they filter 95% of the air. Two things you should know about them: they don’t provide air and they are not resistant to oil

FILTERING FACE PIECE(DUST MASK)

•N95 should be kept in deployment bag

•Negative pressure particulate filter

AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATOR (APR)

Air-purifying respirators can remove contaminants in the air that you breathe by filtering out particulates (e.g., dusts, metal fumes, mists, etc.). Other APRs purify air by adsorbing gases or vapors on a sorbent (adsorbing material) in a cartridge or canister. They are tight-fitting and are available in several forms

AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATOR (APR)

• Utilizes filter, cartridge or canister• Ambient air passes through element

SCOTT SAFETY X-CEL HALF-FACEPIECE

https://www.scottsafety.com/en/us/DocumentandMedia1/Marketing/ProductLiteratureandCatalogs/Brochures/xcelbro_6301_0201.pdf

NM-TF1 cache inventory carries the Scott X-CEL Half -Facepiece. Sizes available include Small, Small Medium, Medium Large and Large. ALL Task Force Members are strongly encouraged to review Scott Health and Safety’s web site regarding the use and care of this equipment.

SCOTT SAFETY X-CEL HALF-FACEPIECE

POWERED AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATOR (PAPR)

The purpose of this type of respirator is to take air that is contaminated with one or more types of pollutants, remove a sufficient quantity of those pollutants and then supply the air to the user. There are different units for different environments. The units consist of a powered fan which forces incoming air through one or more filters for delivery to the user for breathing. The fan and filters may be carried by the user or with some units that the air is fed to the user via tubing while the fan and filters are remotely mounted.

POWERED AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATOR (PAPR)

Uses a blower to force the ambient air through air-purifying elements to the inlet covering.

POWERED AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATOR (PAPR)SCOTT SAFETY C420 PLUS PAPR

The Scott Safety C420 Plus PAPR can be used for CBRN and non-CBRN applications. It is ideal for fire departments, law enforcement and federal first responders for protection against CBRN related incidents. The C420 PLUS PAPR is NIOSH CBRN approved when used with the AV3000 (SureSeal version), and CBRN Cap-1 canister. The blower provides a cooling effect that extends user wear times in humid environments and long-duration operations, such as decontamination or rescue. It also keeps the facepiece from fogging. Decontamination is made easy with detachable parts that can be cleaned according to the situation encountered.

POWERED AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATOR (PAPR)

NM-TF1 cache inventory carries the Scott C420 Plus PAPR. All Task Force Members are encouraged to review Scott Health and Safety’s web site regarding the use and care of this equipment. http://www.scottsafety.com/en/us/DocumentandMedia1/Engineering/UserManuals/UserManuals/595130-01_D.pdf

ATMOSPHERE-SUPPLYING RESPIRATOR

• A respirator that supplies the user with

breathing air from a source independent of the ambient atmosphere• Includes supplied-air respirators (SARs) and

self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) units

SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (SCBA)

A self contained breathing apparatus, or SCBA, sometimes referred to as a Compressed Air Breathing Apparatus (CABA), air pack, or simply Breathing Apparatus (BA) is a device worn by rescue workers, firefighters, and others to provide breathable air in an IDLH (Immediate Danger to Life and Health)

atmosphere.

SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (SCBA)

A SCBA typically has three main components: a high-pressure tank (e.g., 2,216 to 4,500 psi (15,280 to 31,000 kPa), a pressure regulator, and an inhalation connection (mouthpiece, mouth mask or face mask), connected together and mounted to a carrying frame.

http://www.scottsafety.com/en/us/DocumentandMedia1/Engineering/UserManuals/UserManuals/595118-01_E.pdf

NM-TF1 cache inventory carries the Scott Air-Pak 4.5 SCBA. All Fire Fighters in our Task Force are trained with the use of this type of equipment. Non Fire Department affiliated Task Force Members are encouraged to review Scott Health and Safety’s web site regarding the use and care of this equipment.

SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (SCBA), SCOTT AIR-PAK 4.5

SUPPLIED-AIR RESPIRATORS (SAR)

An atmosphere-supplying respirator for which the source of breathing air is not designed to be carried by the user. Also called airline respirator.

SUPPLIED-AIR RESPIRATORS (SAR)

An atmospheric-supplying device which provides the wearer with respirable air from a source outside the contaminated area. The use of a SAR are approved for immediately harmful or oxygen-deficient atmospheres.

SCOTT AV3000NM-TF1 currently utilizes the Scott AV3000 Facepiece. ALL Task Force Members are strongly encouraged to review Scott Health and Safety’s web site regarding the use and care of this equipment.http://www.scottsafety.com/en/us/DocumentandMedia1/M

arketing/ProductLiteratureandCatalogs/Brochures/SureSeal%20System.pdf

SCOTT SKA PAK PLUS

An escape air pack is designed as a emergency air supply in the event the supplied air system malfunctions during confined space and or contaminated area response. The amount of breathing air an escape pack is rated is approximately between 5 to 10 minutes. NM-TF1 carries in inventory the Scott SKA PAK Plus.

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS

1. Selection2. Medical evaluation3. Fit testing4. Use5. Maintenance and care6. Breathing air quality and use 7. Training8. Program evaluation

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: SELECTION

1910.134(d)(1)(i)

• The employer shall select and provide an appropriate respirator based on the respiratory hazard(s) to which the worker is exposed and workplace and user factors that affect respirator performance and reliability. Employer must provide appropriate respirator

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: SELECTION

1910.134(d)(1)(iii) The employer shall identify and evaluate the respiratory hazard(s) in the workplace; this evaluation shall include a reasonable estimate of employee exposures to respiratory hazard(s) and an identification of the contaminant's chemical state and physical form. Where the employer cannot identify or reasonably estimate the employee exposure, the employer shall consider the atmosphere to be IDLH.

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: SELECTION

• Physical state of the contaminant

•Contaminant concentration

•Oxygen deficiency

•Warning properties of contaminant

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: SELECTION

• Potential for IDLH atmospheres

• Can contaminant be ad/absorbed by a

media?

• Can contaminant be ad/absorbed by the

skin?

• Is the contaminant irritating to the eyes?

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: MEDICAL EVALUATION

NM-TF1 requires bi-annual Medical Evaluation for all Task Force Members.Annual review of medical status is not required unless:• Employee reports medical issue related to

respirator use• Supervisor requires employee reevaluation• Fit test indicates need• Change in workplace conditions

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: MEDICAL EVALUATION

• Use of medical questionnaire (OSHA Appendix C)• Follow-up medical exam for any positive response to questionnaire• All medical evaluations must be made confidentially• Employees must be allowed to discuss the questionnaire with the physician

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: MEDICAL EVALUATION

• Physicians must be told conditions of respirator use• Employers must provide a PAPR if employees cannot use a negative pressure

APR• Follow-up evaluations must be conducted if conditions of use or user health change

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: FIT TESTING

Before an employee uses any respirator with a negative or positive pressure tight-fitting facepiece, the employee must be fit tested with the same make, model, style, and size of respirator that will be used.

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: FIT TESTING

Employees using tight-fitting facepiece respirators must pass an appropriate qualitative fit test (QLFT) or quantitative fit test (QNFT):• Prior to initial use,• Whenever a different respirator facepiece (size, style, model or make) is used, and• At least annually thereafter• Change in physical condition affecting fit

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: FIT TESTING

Types of fit testing Qualitative (QLFT): A pass/fail fit test to assess the adequacy of respirator fit that relies on the individual’s response to the test agent.• Isoamyl Acetate Banana Oil• Irritant smoke• Water, sodium chloride, denatonium benzoate• Saccharin

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: FIT TESTINGTypes of fit testingQuantitative Fit Test (QNFT): An assessment of the adequacy of respirator fit by numerically measuring the amount of leakage into the respirator• Ambient atmosphere particles comparison• NM-TF1 conducts fit testing (QNFT) annually with

PortaCount equipment

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: FIT TESTING

OSHA 1910.134 :Appendix A to § 1910.134: Fit Testing Procedures (Mandatory) • Part I. OSHA-Accepted Fit Test Protocols•Task Force Members are encouraged to review fit test protocols via internet link below:

http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_id=9780&p_table=STANDARDS

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: FIT TESTING

• Respirators will not protect you if they don’t fit properly!• Required for negative or positive pressure tight-fitting face pieces• Must be conducted prior to use• Must be conducted at least annually• Must be retested if respirator fit or wearer changes

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: FIT TESTING

• Respirators with tight-fitting facepieces must

not be worn by employees who have facial hair or any condition that interferes with the face-to-facepiece seal or valve function• Corrective glasses or goggles or other PPE

must be worn in a manner that does not affect the seal• Employees must perform a user seal check

each time a respirator is used

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: USE

Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH) • A full facepiece pressure demand SCBA certified by

NIOSH for a minimum service life of thirty minutes, or • A combination full facepiece pressure demand

supplied-air respirator (SAR) with auxiliary self- contained air supply. Respirators provided only for escape from IDLH atmospheres shall be NIOSH certified for escape from the atmosphere in which they will be used.• All oxygen-deficient atmospheres shall be considered

IDLH

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: USE

Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH)

Any condition that would do one of the following:• Pose an immediate or delayed threat to life; • Cause irreversible adverse health effects; • Interfere with an individual's ability to escape unaided

from a hazardous environment.

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: USE

Any respirator shall be taken out of service immediately if e.g., such as breakthrough, facepiece leakage, or improperly working valve or found defective

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: USE

Employees are to leave a respirator work area:• To replace a respirator

and or filter• If they detect any vapor or

gas breakthrough or changes in breathing resistance• To wash their face and

respirator facepiece as necessary.

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: USE

Procedures for IDLH Atmospheres• Communication must be maintained between employees inside and outside• Employees located outside must be trained and

equipped to provide effective emergency rescue. • Equipment includes SCBA or SAR with auxiliary SCBA

and retrieval devices

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: MAINTENANCE AND CARE

• Provide each user with a respirator that is clean, sanitary and in good working order• Clean and disinfect using the Appendix B-2 to §

1910.134: Respirator Cleaning Procedures (Mandatory) • 4 buckets, water and bleach• Task Force Members shall review: http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=9782

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: BREATHING AIR QUALITY AND USE

Compressed breathing air shall meet at least the requirements for Grade D breathing air described in ANSI/Compressed Gas Association Commodity Specification for Air, G-7.1-1989, to include:• Oxygen content (v/v) of 19.5-23.5%;• Hydrocarbon (condensed) content of 5 milligrams per

cubic meter of air or less;• Carbon monoxide (CO) content of 10 ppm or less;• Carbon dioxide content of 1,000 ppm or less; and• Lack of noticeable odor.

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: TRAINING

• Training of employees in the respiratory

hazards to which they are potentially exposed during routine and emergency situations;• Training of employees in the proper use of

respirators, including putting on and removing them, any limitations on their use, and their maintenance; and• NM-TF1 requires annual respiratory refresher training

RESPIRATOR PROGRAM ELEMENTS: PROGRAM EVALUATION

• Respiratory program in place• Evaluation of Respiratory Program effectiveness• Consulting employees to access their views on

program effectiveness• Respirator fit and ability of use• Appropriate respirator selection for the hazards• Proper respirator use• Proper respirator maintenance• Identify/correct problems

SUMMARY

• Oxygen parameters• 5 types of respiratory protection devices• IDLH atmosphere• Qualitative and Quantitative fit testing• Maintenance and care• Training and program evaluation • OSHA respiratory medical evaluation• Scott AV3000

SUMMARY

• Standards under 29 CFR 1910.134• Cartridge Filters with NIOSH approved labels• Annual Fit Tests• Oxygen Deficient Atmosphere• Employer Responsibility for establishing and

maintaining a respirator program• High efficiency filters• Respiratory Protection Program

SUMMARY

• Scott X-Cel Half Face respirator• NM-TF1 Fit testing equipment• Respirator self seal test • Scott C-420 PAPR