nms-1n01

2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in USA.Presentation_ID.scr

1 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.NMS-1N019587_04_2004_c1

INTRODUCTION TONETWORK MANAGEMENTSESSION NMS-1N01


Agenda

Part IThe Need for Network ManagementNetwork Management Defined

Protocols and Technologies

Functional Areas of Network Management

Part IIPreparing a Network for Management

Real World Applications of Proper Management Practices



Part I

Network management defined

Protocols and technologies

Functional areas of network management


The Case for Management

Typical problemRegional user arrives at work and experiences slow or no response from corporate web server

Where do you begin?Where is the problem?

What is the problem?

What is the solution?

Without proper network management, these questions are difficult to answer Corp Network

Regional Offices

WWW Servers

Remote User



Corp Network

Regional Offices

WWW Servers

Remote User


With proper management tools and procedures in place, you may already have the answer

Consider some possibilities1. What configuration changes

were made overnight?

2. Have you received a device fault notification indicating the issue?

3. Have you detected a security breach?

4. Has your performance baseline predicted this behavior on an increasingly congested network link?



An accurate database of your networks topology, configuration, and performance

A solid understanding of the protocols and models used in communication between your management server and the managed devices

Methods and tools that allow you to interpret and act upon gathered information

Response Times

High Availability

Predictability

Security

Solving a Typical Problem Like This Includes the Following:



ROI ExampleUsing a Management Tool for Daily Tasks

Number of Managed Devices 800Average Manual Process Time Required (Man-Hours)

Password Change0.05 (3 Min/Device/Qtr)Software Upgrade0.25 (19 Min/Device/Bi-Annual)

Gather Inventory Information 0.03 (2 Min/Device/Qtr)Documenting Changes 0.08 (5 Min/Incident)Audit 30.00 (Per Qtr)

Manual Configuration Error Rate 2%Cost per Man-Hour $48.84

Configuration ManagementProcess

ManualProcedure

After Product Implementation

TimeSavings

ROI

Password Change 435 44 391 $19,106.21Software Upgrade 544 0.37 544 $26,551.05Gather Inventory Information 381

0.67380 $18,565.71

Documenting Changes 1200.67

$5,828.24

Required Man-Hours (per Annum)

119Total Configuration Management ROI $70,051.21

Source: Cost Analysis Using CiscoWorks LAN Management Solution. Esaka, 2002


The Network Managers Responsibility

Ensure that the users of a network receive the information technologyservices with the quality of service that they expect

Strategic and tactical planning of the engineering, operations, and maintenance of a network and network services

Help network engineers deal with the complexity of a data network and to make sure that data can go across it with maximum efficiency and transparencyto the users



Network Management

Network Management Defined

Troubleshooting

Configuration

Monitoring

Key Network Management Tasks

Administration VoIP VPN QoS

Efficiency

Productivity

Control

Key Network Management Success Factors


Communicating with the Network

Managed Network Elements Are Waiting

to Provide Us with Useful Information

Network Management Begins with an Understanding of How to Collect and Interpret

This Information



Methods of Communication

Console

Telnet

HTTP

SNMP

Example Security Options

SSH

SSL (HTTPS)

SNMPv1, 2cAccess ListsSNMPv3Auth/Priv

Device UsernamesTACACS/RADIUSTerminal Server

Embedded Device Management (XML)

ReflectionXSoftware

MRTGMulti Router

Traffic Grapher


Network Queries Unsolicited

Events

Two-Tier Management Communication

Database

Network Elements

Manager

Unmanaged Element

NetworkManagement

System

The Model

Agent

ManagedElement

Agent

ManagedElement

Agent

ManagedElement



Two-Tier Management Communication

Network Elements

CiscoWorksHP-OpenView

NetworkManagementSystem

Cisco CallManager

Printer RouterSwitch

Network Queries Unsolicited

Events

The Real World


Unmanaged Element

ProxyAgent

Three-Tier Management Communication

Network Elements

RMONProbe

MDBManager

Managed Element

Agent

NMS

The Model



Three-Tier Management Communication

CiscoWorksConcord eHealth

StandardRMON Probe

Switch

Managed Element

The Real World

NetworkManagementSystem


SNMP Primer: Understanding the Agent

Information storehouse

Information structured as per Structure of Management Information (SMI) standards

Object definitions provided in many Management Information Bases (MIBs)

NMS

IP NetworkSNMPManageableDevice

ManagementEntity

SNMPAGENT

1000s ofDefinedObjects



SNMPManageableDevice

ManagementEntity

SNMPAgent

SNMP Primer: Understanding the Protocol

Get requests used to read the value of object Set requests used to modify the value of object

Traps provide asynchronous event notification

NMS

IP Network

SNMP v1, SNMP v2cTrap!

Get Response

Get Request, Get-Next RequestGet-Bulk Request

Set Request


Level Auth Encryption What Happens

SNMPv1 noAuthNoPriv Uses a Community StringMatch for AuthenticationCommunity

String

SNMPv2c noAuthNoPriv Uses a Community StringMatch for AuthenticationCommunity

String

SNMPv3 noAuthNoPriv Uses a UsernameMatch for AuthenticationUsername

SNMPv3 authNoPrivProvides AuthenticationBased on HMAC-MD5 orHMAC-SHA Algorithms

MD5 or SHA

SNMPv3 authPrivAdds DES 56-Bit Encryptionin Addition to Authentication

Based on DES-56MD5 or SHA DES

Configuring NM Protocols

SNMP



Measurement TechnologySNMP Protocol: Background

Simple Network Management Protocol

Cisco IOS versions10.3 J SNMPv1 + v211.0, 11.1, 11.2 J SNMPv1 + v211.3 J SNMPv1 + v2c12.0 J SNMPv1 + v2c12.0(3)T J SNMPv1 + v2c + v312.0(6)S J SNMPv1 + v2c + v312.1 J SNMPv1 + v2c + v312.2 J SNMPv1 + v2c + v3


SNMP Object Identification

Need a scheme that allows two vendors or products within a vendor to compare like items

Object Identifiers (OID) were chosen as the identification scheme

An OID is an ordered sequence of non-negative integers written left to right, containing at least two elements (0.0)

Bound to simple names in MIB modules:

ifDescr is 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.2

ifInOctets is 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10 Enterprises1

Cisco

CiscoMgmt

9

Private4

isoOrg

Internet

Mgmt

Mib-2

13

6

2

1



Enterprises

1

Cisco

9

CiscoMgmt

9

Private4

SNMP Object Identifiers

11

12

13

14

151617

alMatrix

18useHistory

19probeConfig

AddressMap

ProtocolDir

nlHost

ProtocolDist

nlMatrix

alHost

Token Ring

Events

Packet Capture

Filters

Traffic Matrix

Host TopNAlarmsHistory

Statistics

1

2 3

9

10

5

6

7

Hosts

4

8

RMON

TR RMON

RMON2

RMON

isoOrg

dodInternet

Mgmt

Mib-2

13

6

1

2

1


Applying a Management Model

Now That You Have Gathered Network Information, What

Should You Do with It?



The Five Facets of Proper Network Management

Addresses the network management applicationsthat reside upon the NMS

OSI model categorizes five areas of function (sometimes referred to as the FCAPS model):

Fault

Configuration

Accounting

Performance

Security

232323


Fault Management

The process of locating, diagnosing, and correcting network problems

Increases network reliability and effectiveness

More than just firefighting Increases the productivity

of network users

Device Down?



Fault Management

Identify the problem by gathering information about the state of the network (polling and trap generation)

Restore any services that have been lost

Isolate the cause and decide if the fault should be managed

Correct the fault if possible

Steps for Successful Fault Management:


Configuration Management

The process of obtaining data from the network and using that data to manage the setup of all network devices

Allows rapid access to configuration information

Facilitates remote configuration and provisioning

Provides an up-to-date inventory of network components

Speed?Duplex?

Trunking?VLANs Allowed?

STP State?




Gather current network configuration (either manually or automatically)

Use that data to modify network device configuration in order to provision the network

Store the configuration data and maintain an up-to-date inventory of all network components

Produce various inventory reports

Steps for Successful Configuration Management:


Accounting Management

Measuring the usage of network resources by users in order to establish the metrics, check quotas, determine costs, and bill users

Measures and reports accounting information based on individual groups and users

Administers the cost of the network

Internal verification of third-party billing for usage

Input Octets?Output Octets?

Total Broadcasts?



Accounting Management

Gather network resource utilization information

Use metrics to set usage quotas

Billing users for their network use

Consider the cost of accounting

Address the Different Steps Involved for Accounting Management:


Performance Management

Ensuring that the data network remains accessible and as uncongested as possible

Reduces network overcrowding and inaccessibility

Provides a consistent level of service to the network user

Determine utilization trends to proactively isolate and solve performance problems

Utilization?Peak/Min/Max?

Error Rates Unicast Rates?

Broadcast Rates?

CPU Utilization?Free Memory?




Collect data on current network link and device utilization

Baseline the utilization metrics and isolate any existing performance problems

Set utilization thresholds based on the baseline

Analyze the historical data for recognizing trends

Resource planning and tuning

Remembermeasuring performance impacts performance

Steps for Successful Performance Management:


Security Management

Protecting sensitive information on devices attached to a data network by controlling access points to that information

Builds network user confidence

Secures sensitive information from both internal and external sources

Protects the network functionality from malicious attacks

MAC AddressLocked to Port

Access ListBlocks Connections



Security Management

Identify sensitive information or devices

Find the access points

Secure the access points

Protect the sensitive information by configuring encryption policies

Implement a network intrusion detection scheme to enhance perimeter security

Steps for Successful Security Management:


Part II

Preparing the network for management

Real world applications of proper management practices



Preparing Devices for Management

SNMPMIBs Security

Performance

Accounting

ConfigurationFault LAN

QoS

VoIP

SLA

WANHigh Availability

? ?


Configuring SNMP

Configuration syntax operating system (OS) dependant Catalyst OS agent has two write access policies

Read-writepartial configuration accessRead-write-allfull configuration access

Catalyst OS agent has defaultschange them!R/O = public R/W = private R/W/A = secret

snmp-server community ROsnmp-server community RWsnmp-server enable trapssnmp-server host traps snmp-server trap-source loopback0

set snmp community read-only set snmp community read-write set snmp community read-write-all set snmp trap set snmp trap enable allset snmp rmon enable

Catalyst OS

Catalyst IOS

Cisco IOS



Catalyst OS

Catalyst IOS

Cisco IOS

Configuring NTP

Syntax differs between Cisco IOS and Catalyst OS devices Configure NTP on management server Time synchronization important for proper syslog, traps,

and monitoring correlation

ntp server ntp source Loopback0ntp update-calendarclock timezone PST 8clock summer-time PDT recurring

set ntp client enableset ntp server set ntp timezone PST 8set summertime enable PST


Catalyst OS

Catalyst IOS

Cisco IOS

Configuring Syslog

Syntax differs between Cisco IOS and Catalyst OS devices Message textual format differs between Cisco IOS and

Catalyst OS devices Resource manager essentials requirement

Logging level informational (6)

logging onlogging logging facility local7logging trap informationallogging source-interface loopback0service timestamps log datetime

set logging server set logging server level 6set logging server facility local7set logging level sys 6 defaultset logging timestampset logging enable



Catalyst OS

Catalyst IOS

Cisco IOS

Configuring Telnet

Syntax differs between Cisco IOS and Catalyst OS devices Catalyst switches have telnet enabled but no console/telnet

or enable passwords by defaultadd them Cisco IOS devices do not have telnet enabled

Enable for management supportSecure with TACACS+

enable password line vty 0 4

password login

set password set enablepass


Catalyst OS

Catalyst IOS

Cisco IOS

Configuring CDP and ILMI

Syntax differs between Cisco IOS and Catalyst OS devices

CDP enabled by default on most interfaces

cdp run

set cdp [enable/disable]

atm pvc 2 0 16 ilmiILMI Setup for ATM Interface

Globalset cdp [enable/disable]

Per Port

Global

cdp enablePer Interface



Additional Configuration

CISCO IOS DEVICE Hostname and SNMP

contact, location, chassis-id User login authorization

local or TACACS+

SNMP access lists RMON alarms and events

(statistics and history if available)

CATALYST SWITCH System name,

contact, location User login authorization

local or TACACS

Mini-RMON statistics, history, alarms, and events

VTP domain name

Catalyst OSCatalystIOS

Cisco IOS


Designing for Management Preferred Management Interfaces

Management systems communicate via IP with managed devices The IP address should be chosen carefully to provide the highest

availability It is a best practice to use a very stable physical address or a

configured loopback address

Virtual InterfacesOnly Exist in the Device Configuration LoopBack0 VLAN interfaces

Physical InterfacesActual Ports on Router Chassis Ethernet0/0 Serial 0/1

interface Loopback0

ip address 192.168.79.130 255.255.255.255

interface Vlan60

ip address 192.168.79.62 255.255.255.252



Designing for Management Redundant Infrastructure

High-availability management

Completely separates management from user data

Management link is in separate subnet, VLAN, and switch

Higher assurance for management data delivery during congestion or convergence

SNMP Manager

10.1.100.12 10.1.100.13 10.1.100.14

10.1.100.10 10.1.100.11

10.1.100.15


Designing for Management Terminal Servers

Serial Cable

Regional Offices

TerminalServer

Corp Network

Telnet

Modem Out of band Failsafe access

Console connection only, no SNMP

Connect to redundant infrastructure

Secure AUX ports when using modem



Incorporating FCAPS into the Network

Fault

Configuration

Accounting

Performance

Security


Fault ManagementReal World Example

Network administrator was receiving fault notifications of a recurring problem; each evening between 8:00 and 8:30 connectivity is lost to a branch office; connectivity is restored at approximately 9:00pm

8:30pm

The Problem

7:50pm 9:00pm




ConsiderationsIs an entire device failing? If so, what device?Is a link failing? If so, which link?

How can this be prevented in the future?

Management processes in placeActively polling critical devices for availability

Notification tool to alert administrator

The Solution



The loss of connectivity was linked to the late night janitor unplugging the wan router to plug in his radio

The solution was to provide the late night janitor with an extension cord

The Solution



Fault Management Device Fault Manager

Administrator was notified of failure via a notification tool (email, page, etc.)

Notification shows up on the console as an unresponsive router

Device level fault and root cause analysis for Cisco products

Monitor for high availability MIBs, polling intervals and

thresholds set by default out of the box


Fault Management ToolsHP and Tivoli

Correlate and manage events and SNMP traps

Perform fault isolation and root cause analysis



Configuration ManagementReal World Example

Network administrator notices night time configuration changes in the production network followed by immediate configuration rollbacks to disguise any tampering

logging 192.168.76.228

logging 192.168.76.229

!

snmp-server community public RO

snmp-server community forks RW

snmp-server system-shutdown

logging 192.168.76.228

logging 192.168.76.229

logging 192.168.76.4!


snmp-server community spoons RWsnmp-server system-shutdown

logging 192.168.76.228

logging 192.168.76.229

!


snmp-server community forks RW

snmp-server system-shutdown

10:55pm 11:05pm 11:23pm

The Problem



Considerations

What changes were made?When were the changes made?Who made them?How can this be prevented in the future?

The Solution

Devices configured to send config change syslog messages to NMSUser authentication tool

Configuration archiving

Management processes in place




The network configuration changes were being made by a colleague studying for his CCIE exam after hours using the production network

The solution was to provide the culprit with an unused 2600 router to be used in his home

= $$

The Solution


Configuration ManagementResource Manager Essentials Change Audit Service

All Syslog Events

Syslog Analyzer

ManagedSyslogEvents

Change AuditReports

AAA

SyslogDatabase

Change AuditDatabase

InventoryDatabase

54

Changes to CLI11

ConfigurationManager

InventoryManager

SoftwareManager

Changes from CiscoWorksPeriodic Scans or Scheduled Jobs22



Configuration ManagementRME Change Audit Setup

Change audit relies on syslog messages to operatePoint syslogs from all managed devices (except Pix firewalls) to the RME server

Collection of usernames occurs in 3 ways:1. Using usernames on devices themselves2. Using a RADIUS or TACACS server3. Using a configurations change tool in RME (NetConfig, Config Editor)

That User Name Field Is

Important to Most Customers


Configuration ManagementResource Manager Essentials

Inventory ManagerComplete Cisco asset managementSupport for IGX, BPX and MGX

Software Image ManagerSoftware lifecycle management for routers and Catalyst switchesImproved browse bug by device

Configuration ManagerVersion control, archival, editing and reportingNetwork-wide config changes

Change Audit ServicesSingle interface for all hardware, software, and configuration changes



Configuration ManagementRME Inventory Manager

Hardware and software summary information

Chassis type

Memory

Flash

Modules

Support for all Cisco devices in the network including CallManager, VPN 3000, IGX, BPX, MGX

Multiservice port reporting


Configuration ManagementCisco IOS and Catalyst OS Upgrades

Use a dedicated TFTP server to store and distribute software images

core-6506-msfc#copy tftp flash

Address or name of remote host []? 19.16.76.175

Source filename []? 12.1.8a

Destination filename []? 12.1.8a

Resource Manager Essentials includes Software Image Manager to automate the upgrade process

or



Configuration ManagementRME Configuration Manager

NetConfig Wizard-based template for global configuration changes

Changes can be performed against multiple devices in the network

Adhoc can be used for any CLIs

Config EditorOpens config from selected device in notepad like window

Edit functions (cut, paste)

Changes a single device at a time


Configuration ManagementAccess Control List Manager

Integrated with CiscoWorks Resource Manager Essentials

Leverages functions from inventory, configuration archive, transport, change audit, schedule, etc.

Structured approach to managing ACL policies

Reduces time to deploy multiple changes

Reduces errors in ACL definition

Reduces time and improved accuracy for add, moves and changes for users and servers



Accounting Management NetFlow

Flow Profiling

Accounting/Billing

Network Planning

Network Monitoring

Flow Collectors

End-User AppsNetFlow/Data Export

*NAM

RMON Probe*


Performance ManagementReal World Example

A university network administrator observes dramatic increase in outgoing WAN traffic resulting in increased costs and decreased response times

Solid Green Represents Incoming Traffic

Blue Line Represents Outgoing Traffic

The Problem




Considerations

What traffic type is leaving the university?Why is the traffic being generated?Who is generating the traffic?How can this be prevented in the future?

Management processes in place

Link usage trending softwareTraffic capture and analysis capabilityScalable QoS policy deployment software

The Solution



The network congestion was being caused by file sharing applications

The solution was to deploy quality of service policies to edge devices

Pre-Policy Traffic Post-Policy Traffic

The Solution



Performance Management Link Usage Trending

University was logging incoming and outgoing usage over time with MRTG

Monitors traffic load on network links based on SNMP statistics

Generates real-time HTML traffic reports

Can be used to monitor any SNMP variable you choose

Its FREE! www.mrtg.org


Performance ManagementTraffic Analysis

Enables full traffic monitoringReal-time traffic analysisPerformance monitoringTroubleshooting

Web-based embedded traffic analyzer

VoIP, QoS(DSMON), ART, VLAN(SMON), RMON 1 and 2 monitoringData capture and decode, alarms

Supported by other applicationsnGenius Real-Time Monitor, CiscoView, Concord eHealth

Network Analysis Module



Performance ManagementManaging QoS

Application discovery Classification into

service classes Service class provisioning

and enforcement

CampusBackbone

VODServers

Order Entry, Finance,

Manufacturing

FinanceManager

RemoteCampus

Catalyst Switch

Cisco Router

CiscoRouter

DataToS

Coloring

Classification

Gold Silver Bronze

Enforcement

Monitor Traffic by Service/App

VoIP SAP E-Mail

Monitor Trafficby Application


Performance ManagementInternetwork Performance Monitor

WAN troubleshootingMeasures hop-by-hop response time, availability, jitter, and drops

Provides real-time and historical reports

Utilizes Service Assurance Agent embedded in Cisco IOS

Validates and measures TCP, UDP, HTTP, VoIP, DNS, ICMP with QoS awareness



Security ManagementReal World Example

Network administrator was concerned that should the device SNMP community strings get into the wrong hands sensitive information could be extracted and unauthorized changes made

Simple Network Management ProtocolVersion: 1Community: publicPDU type: RESPONSERequest Id: 0xd1786f78Error Status: NO ERRORError Index: 0Object identifier 1: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.8.8Value: INTEGER: 1 (0x1)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------0000 00 50 04 6f d7 40 00 d0 d3 9d 73 d0 08 00 45 00 [email protected]. 0010 00 4a 59 83 00 00 ff 11 47 d9 c0 a8 4c 01 c0 a8 .JY.....G...L... 0020 4c f4 00 a1 13 11 00 36 fd 93 30 2c 02 01 00 04 L......6..0,.... 0030 06 70 75 62 6c 69 63 a2 1f 02 04 d1 78 6f 78 02 .public.....xox. 0040 01 00 02 01 00 30 11 30 0f 06 0a 2b 06 01 02 01 .....0.0...+.... 0050 02 02 01 08 08 02 01 01 c3 6f 2e 6b .........o.k ------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Problem



Administrator must make choose from the following:

Make frequent and time consuming changes of the community strings on all devices

Lock down SNMP access to the managed devices

The Process

The Solution



Catalyst OS

Catalyst IOS

Cisco IOS


The network administer deployed access lists to the vulnerable devices to restrict SNMP from all hosts except those in a known secure subnet

access-list 100 permit 192.168.76.192 0.0.0.63snmp-server community ro 100snmp-server community rw 100

set ip permit enable snmpset ip permit 192.168.76.192 255.255.255.192 snmp

The Solution


Security ManagementRestricting Network Access

User access to network servicesVPN access becoming more and more commonCommon vulnerabilities are shared resources (i.e. computer labs)

Administrator access to network devicesThird party authentication software

Usernames on network devices

Access control listsTelnet, console, and SNMP access must be secure



Security Management

Controls network access by configuring access points Protects the flow of sensitive information by provisioning

IPSec VPNs to encrypt the data Protects from malicious network attacks using intrusion

detection sensors

VPN


Security Management



detection sensors

VPN



Security Management



detection sensors

VPN


Corporate HeadquartersRegional Office

Voice ManagementPulling It All Together

Branch office user complains of inability to make or poor quality on a VoIP telephony call to corporate headquarters

The Problem



Fault Management

Do you have a fault detection and notification tool in place in the network? If so, you may already have the answer





Verify device configurations have not been changed to adversely affect VoIP

Yesterday Today




Compare current network performance against established baseline

VoIP Jitter Test between Offices



Performance ManagementA Note on IPM Jitter Reports

Your source and target must be an SA Agent capable router

You must issue the global configuration to turn on the RTR (Response Time Reporter) responder on the target

If You Want These

You Have To Do This

core-6506-msfc(config)#rtr responder



Voice ManagementPulling It All Together

When faced with a network problem regarding downtime or significant degradation, many different components of proper management must be in place to simplify the troubleshooting process


The Solution


Review of Agenda and Main Points

The need for managementContribution to bottom line through high availability

Network management definedUnderstanding and controlling network information and services

Protocols and technologiesCommunication models, MIBs, SNMP gets, SNMP sets, SNMP traps

Function areas of network managementFault, configuration, accounting, performance, security

Preparing a network for managementConfiguring SNMP, Syslog, Telnet, CDP, ILMI, NTP, LoopBack

Real world applications of proper managementReal world examples

What Have We Learned Today?



Conclusions

Network management can best be defined in terms of the goalsproviding network users services with the quality and transparency they expect

The network management modelincorporation of all FCAPS components

Network management tools to address each functional area

Network management helps the bottom lineefficiency and productivity


Further Study and References

Network Management: A Practical PerspectiveLeinwand and Conroy, ISBN# 0201609991

Network Management: Principles and PracticeSubramanian, ISBN# 0201357429

How to Manage Your Network Using SNMP: The Networking Management PracticumRose and McCloghrie, ISBN# 0131415174

Performance and Fault ManagementDella Maggiora, Elliott, Pavone, Phelps, and Thompson, ISBN# 1578701805

Cisco Enterprise Management SolutionsWynston, ISBN# 158705006422



NMS-1N01 - Introduction to Network Management Networkers On-Line NMS-1N02 - Introduction to SNMP and MIBs Networkers On-Line NMS-1N03 - Accurate Time Synchronization Networkers On-Line NMS-1N04 - Introduction to Service Assurance Agent Networkers On-Line NMS-1N41 - Introduction to Performance Management Networkers On-Line NMS-1011 - Principles of Fault Management NMS-1101 - Understanding DNS and DHCP NMS-2001 - Network Troubleshooting Tools and Techniques NMS-2021 - Large Scale Deployments of CiscoWorks NMS-2031 - Traffic Accounting Scenarios NMS-2032 - NetFlow for Accounting, Analysis and Attack NMS-2042 - Performance Measurement with Cisco Devices NMS-2051 - Securely Managing Your Network NMS-2102 - Deploying and Troubleshooting NAT NMS-2101 - DNS Deployment and Operation NMS-3011 - Getting the Right Events from Network Elements NMS-4012 - MPLS Embedded Management Tools NMS-4043 - Advanced Service Assurance Agent NMS-2T00 - Network Management Best Practices - Techtorial

Other Network Management Sessions


Recommended Reading

Performance and Fault ManagementISBN: 1578701805

Available On-Site at the Cisco Company Store

nms-1n01

Documents

cisco systems

proper network management

management server

proper management tools

management defined protocols

configuration changes

congested network link

c1the case