nomenclature of saturated hydrocarbons. some simple alkanes (c n h 2n+2 )
TRANSCRIPT
Nomenclature of Saturated Hydrocarbons
Some Simple Alkanes (CnH2n+2)
The n-alkanesCH4
C2H6
C3H8
C4H10
C5H12
C6H14
C7H16
C8H18
C9H20
C10H22
methane
ethane
propane
butane
pentane
hexane
heptane
octane
nonane
decane
C11H24 undecane
C12H26 dodecane
C13H28 tridecane
C14H30 tetradecane
C15H32 pentadecane
Boiling points
London Forces
Alkyl Groups
Classification of H’s & C’s
The I.U.P.A.C. Rules• Find longest carbon chain• Number chain from end closest to nearest branch (with
2 different longest chains, use one with most substituents)
• Give alkyl groups attached to the longest chain a name and a number
• Multiple alkyl groups named alphabetically• Multiple groups that are the same: di(2), tri(3), tetra(4), penta(5), hexa(6)
• Halogens are name “halo” groups – fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo
Find the longest chain with the greatest number of substituents
Give the I.U.P.A.C. Nomenclature
2-methylpentane
3-ethyl-2-methylpentane
2,2,4-trimethylpentane
All are “pentanes”
2,3-dimethyl-6-(2-methylpropyl)decane6-isobutyl
Cycloalkanes
Name These