ENERGY

Non renewable Renewable

ENERGY

Pancha Bhoothas

SKY

WATER

LANDFIRE

AIR

RENEWABLE ENERGY

Types of renewable energy sourcesWind Power

Wave Power

Tidal Power

Solar energy

Hydroelectricity

Geothermal

Biomass

Biofuel

WIND

Why Wind Energy?

• Most viable & largest renewable energy resource• Widely distributed & clean• Can get started with as small as 100-200 W• Produces no green house gas emissions• Low gestation period• No raw materials & fuels required• No pollution• No hassles of disposal of waste• Quick returns??• Good alternative for conventional power plants

Wind Energy - What is it?

• Wind is the natural movement of air across the land or sea.

• Wind is caused by uneven heating and cooling of the earth's surface and by the earth's rotation. Land and water areas absorb and release different amount of heat received from the sun. As warm air rises, cooler air rushes in to take its place, causing local winds.

• The rotation of the earth changes the direction of the flow of air.

WIND RESOURCE-GLOBAL WIND SYSTEM

The region around equator at 0 deg latitude are heated more by the sun than the rest of the globe. Due to this flow of air takes place from the cold regions to hot regions.

• All renewable energy (except tidal and geothermal power), and even the energy in fossil fuels, ultimately comes from the sun. About 1–2% of the energy coming from the sun is converted into wind energy

WIND POWER - What is it?

Basic technology

•Wind Electric Generator converts kinetic energy available in wind to electrical energy by using rotor, gearbox and generator.

The Basic Process

• The wind turns the blades of a windmill-like machine.

• The rotating blades turn the shaft to which they are attached.

• The turning shaft typically can either power a pump or turn a generator, which produces electricity.

The Basic Process

• The amount of energy produced by a wind machine depends upon

1.Wind speed and the size of the blades.• In general, when the wind speed doubles, the

power produced increases eight times. • As the diameter of the circle formed by the

blades doubles, the power increases four times.

Wind Turbines: Number of Blades

Most common design is the three-bladed turbine.

+ Better stability.

A rotor with an odd number of rotor blades (and at least three blades) can be considered to be similar to a disc when calculating the dynamic properties of the machine.

A rotor with an even number of blades will give stability problems for a machine with a stiff structure..

Details of WEG

Wind Density Map - India

WIND - CLASS

CLASS 1 2 3 4

WINS SPEED M/S

8.5 – AND ABVOVE 7.5 TO 8.5 6.0 – 7.5 UPTO 6.0

Wind Regime in India

• Wind climatology in India is influenced by the

strong monsoon circulations

• Wind speed during November to March is low,

except in Southern tip of Tamil Nadu

• Best Windy Sites are in Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil

Nadu, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra

Potential Vs InstalledLocation Potential - MW Installed - MWAndhra Pradesh 1200 648

Gujarat 6488 3384

Karnataka 4544 2312

Kerala 90 35

Madhya Pradesh 824 386

Maharashtra 7119 3427

Rajasthan 5504 2734

Tamilnadu 14438 7251

Others 49

Total 20226

WIND ENERGY SCHEME - TAMILNADU

GRID CONNECTED WEG

SALE TO DISCOM @ Rs.3.39 / Unit

WHEELING FOR CAPTIVE USE –

Wheeling / Tr./other charges

Surplus energy Sale to Discom @

Rs.3.39 / Unit

Surplus energy Banking - Banking

charges ( Use before March 31st

Wind Energy Policy – Tamil Nadu

• Captive consumption / Sale to Govt.• Banking facility for unused energy for later use• Transmission charges / Wheeling charges /

Banking charges / SOC / O&M Charges are payable

• Approximately Rs.1.50 per unit payable to the EB for Captive consumption

Wind Pass In Tamil Nadu

Sl.No Name of the Pass / District Annaual Avg.Wind Speed

– KM/Hr.

1 Palghat Pass, Coimbatore, Erode 18-22

2 Shencottah Pass, Tirunelveli, Tuticorin 18-22

3 Aralvoimozhi Pass, Kanyakumari 19-25

4 Kambam Pass , Dindigul district 19-25

GHCL – WIND ENERGYLOCATION WEG CAPACITY INSTALLED CAPACITY

Shankaneri - Kanyakumar 600 KW / Enercon E43 3.60 MW

Dharapuram 800 KW / Enercon E48 4.80 MW

Annual Generation – Avg 160 Lakh units

Which contributes around 25% of present total energy consumption

Wind Power - Efficiency

• Plant Load Factor – PLF%

• Machine Availability %

• Grid Availability %

• Lull period – Wind Speed less than required

• Import / Export

Can We Store Wind Energy???

WIND ENERGY STORAGE

• BATTERIES• PUMPED STORAGE• COMPRESSED AIR• HYDROGEN AND AMMONIA• OTHER METHODS????• SMART GRID!!!!!!

Pumped Storage Hydro System

Compressed Air Energy

THANKS