Non verbal communication

Non-verbal communication

consists of all the messages other than words that are used in communication

Keep a close watch of the pictures and imagine the scenario

Is she talking to a female or male friend?

Expression of happiness

NASA’s Washington headquarters watch NASA administrator Sean O’Keefe’s statement following lost of the Columbia

The reaction after WTC collapse

Are these Students close friends?

What is the relationship?

Who is directing the Conversation?

Now what is the relationship?

TouchTouch Powerfully Communicates

hapticshaptics—touch, Individual/sequence—touch, Individual/sequence touchingtouching

Hand shake the first part of communication

Some important discussion and problem is solved

Gesture

Critical thinking

Distance

Intensity and

Personal touch

Sharing a moment and enjoying

• During conversations, we often nod, change our speaking tempo and rhythm, make pauses, and stress various words. We use such nonverbal behaviors either intentionally or unintentionally in order to facilitate communications with others

Nonverbal Communication-information that is communicated without using words.      93% of communication is nonverbal      55% through facial expression, posture, gesture      38% through tone of voice

History

• The first scientific study of nonverbal communication was Charles Darwin's book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872). He argued that all mammals show emotion reliably in their faces

• Nonverbal communication (NVC) is usually understood as the process of communication through sending and receiving wordless messages.

Such messages can be communicated through gesture; body language or posture; facial expression and eye contact;

object communication such as clothing, hairstyles or even architecture; symbols and infographics.

Speech may also contain nonverbal elements known as paralanguage, including voice quality, emotion and speaking style, as well as prosodic features such as rhythm, intonation and stress.

Likewise, written texts have nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial arrangement of words, or the use of emoticons.

Knowledge of non-verbal communication

is important managers for at least two reasons: • To function effectively as a team leader the manager

must interact with the other members successfully. Non-verbal cues, when interpreted correctly, provide him with one means to do so.

• The team members project attitudes and feelings through non-verbal communication. Some personal needs such as approval, growth, achievement, and recognition may be met in effective teams. The extent to which these needs are met is closely related to how perceptive the team leader and team members are to non-verbal communication in themselves and in others on the team.

G. W. Porter divides non-verbal communication into four broad categories

Categories and Features • Physical. This is the personal type of communication.

It includes facial expressions, tone of voice, sense of touch, sense of smell, and body motions.

• Aesthetic. This is the type of communication that takes place through creative expressions: playing instrumental music, dancing, painting and sculpturing.

• Signs. This is the mechanical type of communication, which includes the use of signal flags, the 21-gun salute, horns, and sirens.

• Symbolic. This is the type of communication that makes use of religious, status, or ego-building symbols.

TYPES OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION  

•  Paralanguage = vocal cues • Kinesics =Body Movements, Facial Expressions • Occulesics =Eye Behavior      • Proxemics = physical space around • Haptics = study of touching• Olfactics = study of smell.

Paralanguage

Rate-speed

Pitch

Volume

Vocal Fillers-

Quality

Paralanguage /sometimes called vocalics • The vocal cues that accompany spoken language Rate-speed-When a speaker uses a faster rate they may be

seen as more competentPitch-Highness or lowness of voice-Speakers seen more

competent if they use a higher and more varied pitch of voice. • We associate low pitch voices with strength, sexiness and

maturity • We associate high pitches voices with tenseness,

helplessness, & nervousness. Volume-How loudly we speak

–  Loud people are perceived as aggressive or overbearing– Soft stolen voices are perceived as timid or polite.

Vocal Fillers- Words used to fill space-"uh“Quality- Made up of tempo, resonance, rhythm, and articulation

Kinesics -Body Movements • Is the study of body movements, facial expressions,

and gestures.• It was developed by anthropologist Ray L. Birdwhistell

in the 1950s.• Posture • Gesture • Display of feelings- Feelings are shown through face

and body motions • Adaptor-Way of adjusting to communication

situation:  Twist hair, tap pen• Emblems-body movements that have direct

translation to words: OK, GOODBYE

Facial ExpressionsYou have 80 muscles in your face that can create more than

7,000 facial expressionsThere six main types of facial expressions found in all

cultures•  Happiness- round eyes, smiles, raised cheeks• Disgust-wrinkled nose, lowered eyelids and eyebrow,

raised upper lip•  Fear- around eyes, open mouth•  Angry- lower eyebrow and stare intensely• Surprise-raised eyebrow, wide open eyes, open mouth•  Sadness- Area around mouth and eyes

Occulesics -Eye behavior     

• Eye contact can indicate interest, attention, and involvement

• Gaze comprises the actions of looking while talking, looking while listening, amount of gaze, and frequency of glances, patterns of fixation, pupil dilation, and blink rate

Proxemics • is the study of how people use and perceive the physical

space around them • Women tend to sit closer to one another than men• Women tend to turn their bodies in toward one another

DISTANCE ZONES• 1.  Intimate distance-no more than 18 inches apart mom

and baby• 2. Personal Distance-18 inches to 4 feet Casual and

personal conversations• 3. Social distance-4-12 feet  impersonal, business, social

gatherings• 4.  Public distance-More than 12 feet  Public speaking26

Haptics

• is the study of touching as nonverbal communication.

• Touches that can be defined as communication include handshakes, holding hands, kissing (cheek, lips, hand), back slapping, high fives, a pat on the shoulder, and brushing an arm

Olfactics

• The nonverbal communication study of smell.

• We react to people based on their smell:  Body odor, too much perfume

• Maintain eye contact.

• Nod your head to convey that you are listening or that you agree.

• Smile and show interest.

• Lean forward to show the speaker you are interested.

• Use a tone of voice that matches your message

PositivePositive Nonverbal Actions Nonverbal Actions Include:Include:

• Avoiding eye contact and looking away from the speaker.

• Closing your eyes or tensing your facial muscles.

• Excessive yawning.

• Using body language that conveys indecisiveness or lack of confidence (e.g., slumped shoulders, head down, flat tones, inaudible voice)

• Speaking too fast or too slow.

NegativeNegative Nonverbal Actions Nonverbal Actions Include:Include: