NONRENEWABLE AND

RENEWABLERESOURCES

Energy Defined• 3 min video • http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=pb6-DcMEYq4

HMMMM....What do you

think nonrenewable resources are?

Break it down...

Nonrenewable?

Resource?

NONRENEWABLE RESOURCES

A nonrenewable resource is a natural resource that cannot be re-made or re-grown at a scale comparable to its consumption.

Renweable Resource is…• A renewable resource is a natural

resource which can replenish with the passage of time, either through biological reproduction or other naturally recurring processes.

Energy Use in USA

Five Factors that Influence the Value of Fuel• Cost• Availability• Safety• Energy Content• Byproducts of the

fuel’s use

USA vs World

NUCLEAR ENERGYNuclear fission

uses uranium to create energy.

Nuclear energy is a nonrenewable

resource because once the uranium

is used, it is gone!

How Nuclear Energy Works

A 1,000-megawatt nuclear plant is refueled

once a year, whereas a

coal plant of the same

size requires 80 rail cars of coal a day

COAL, PETROLEUM, AND GAS

Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are considered nonrenewable

because they can not be replenished in a short period of

time. These are called fossil fuels.

HOW IS COAL MADE ???

HOW ARE OIL AND GAS MADE ???

WHAT WAS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COAL AND OIL/GAS?

Differences • Coal is a solid. It is mostly carbon. It

is made from mostly plant materials.

• Oil is a liquid. It is a mixture of hydrocarbons. It is more animal materials. Its composition is different depending on where it is found.

• Natural gas is a gas. It is mostly methane, CH4.

Heat produced by burning pulverized coal in a furnace boils water to produce steam that

spins a turbine to produce electricity.

The steam is cooled, condensed, and

returned to the boiler for reuse.

Waste heat can be transferred to the

atmosphere or to a nearby source

of water. The largest coal-burning power plant in the United

States, located in Indiana, burns three 100-car trainloads of

coal per day

Coal-burning power plant.

Asphalt

GasesLowest Boiling Point

Highest Boiling Point

Gasoline

Aviation fuel

Heating oil

Dieseloil

Heatedcrude oil

Furnace

Naphtha

Greaseand wax

Science: refining crude oil. Components of

petroleum are removed at various levels,

depending on their boiling points,

in a giant distillation column. The most

volatile components with the lowest boiling points are removed at the top of the column.

Methane Hydrates-fossil fuel of future?• As natural gas

from shale becomes a global energy "game changer," oil and gas researchers are working to develop new technologies to produce natural gas from methane hydrate deposits.

Methane risks• Methane hydrates are sensitive sediments. • They can rapidly dissociate with an increase in

temperature or a decrease in pressure. This dissociation produces free methane and water

• The conversion of a solid sediment into liquids and gases will create a loss of support and shear strength. These can cause submarine slumping, landslides or subsidence that can damage production equipment and pipelines

Oil Reserves vs Oil Resources• Oil reserves are

oil deposits that can be extracted profitably at current prices using current technology.

• Oil resources are quantities of petroleum estimated to be potentially recoverable from undiscovered accumulations by application of future development projects.

HMMMM....

If nonrenewable resources are resources that

cannot be re-made at a scale comparable to its consumption, what are renewable

resources?

RENEWABLE RESOURCES

Renewable resources are natural resources that can be replenished in a short period of time.

● Solar ● Geothermal● Wind ● Biomass● Water

SOLAREnergy from

the sun.Solar power is the

conversion of sunlight into electricity, either

directly using photovoltaics (PV), or

indirectly using concentrated solar

power (CSP)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m74bMrxhBkw

Passive Solar Collection

SOLAR ENERGY• http://www.history.com/topics/earth-

day/videos#light-energy

Solar Cooking keeps Trees

GEOTHERMALGeothermal energy is the

heat from the Earth. It's clean and sustainable.

Resources of geothermal energy range from the

shallow ground to hot water and hot rock found a few miles beneath the Earth's surface, and down even

deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten rock

called magma. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uVDBRQvBVso

Geo-Thermal Energy

WIND.

Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful

form of energy, such as using wind turbines to make electrical power,

windmills for mechanical power,

windpumps for water pumping or

drainage, or sails to propel ships.

How Wind Turbines Work

Wind Power• http://www.youtube.com/

watch?v=SQpbTTGe_gk

Wind Power is like “oil” to Mid-West & Coastal Areas

BIOMASSEnergy from

burning organic or living matter.

As an energy source, biomass can either be

used directly via combustion to produce heat, or indirectly after converting it to various

forms of biofuel.

Bio Diesel

Ethanol Fuel

Green Algae• http://www.history.com/topics/

earth-day/videos#green-algae

• Algae fuel or algal biofuel is an alternative to fossil fuel that uses algae as its source of natural deposits

WATER or HYDROLOGIC

Energy from the flow of

water.

Tidal and Wave Power• http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRUl1mJQHmc

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F0mzrbfzUpM

Tidal Power• Tidal power,

also called tidal energy, is a form of hydropower that converts the energy of tides into useful forms of power, mainly electricity.

WAVE POWER• Wave energy is

produced when electricity generators are placed on the surface of the ocean. The energy provided is most often used in desalination plants, power plants and water pumps. Energy output is determined by wave height, wave speed, wavelength, and water density

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion OTEC• Ocean thermal energy

conversion (OTEC) uses the temperature difference between cooler deep and warmer shallow or surface ocean waters to run a heat engine and produce useful work, usually in the form of electricity. OTEC is a base load electricity generation system, i.e. 24hrs/day all year long.

Hydrogen—a future fuel source?• Hydrogen fuel is a zero-

emission fuel which uses electrochemical cells, or combustion in internal engines, to power vehicles and electric devices.

• It is also used in the propulsion of spacecraft and can potentially be mass-produced and commercialized for passenger vehicles and aircraft

Hydrogen

Energy Efficiency• The percentage

of energy put into a system that does useful work.

Cogeneration CHP• The production of two useful forms

of energy from the same fuel source.

Energy Conservation• This means to

save energy.

President Obama called for an average of 35.5 mpg for new cars, vans, and SUVs in the United States by 2016. This is lower than China’s current fuel economy standard

for new vehicles and much lower than the 42.5 mpg standard that China has set for 2016

How Can We Make the Transition to a More Sustainable Energy Future?

• We can make a transition to a more sustainable energy future by greatly improving energy efficiency, using a mix of renewable energy resources, and including environmental costs of energy resources in their market prices.

Transition to a More Sustainable Energy Future

• For each energy alternative:– How much available next 25-50 years?– Estimated net energy yield– Total costs– Necessary subsidies and tax breaks– How affect economic and military

security– Vulnerability to terrorism– Environmental effects

Transition to a More Sustainable Energy Future

• Gradual shift from centralized macropower to decentralized micropower

• Greatly improved energy efficiency

• Temporary use of natural gas

• Decrease environmental impact of fossil fuels