SEGREGATIONNot as easy as black and white

United States Black Codes: laws

enacted primarily in the South to restrict rights of freed slaves

Continued legal discrimination

Couldn’t vote, hold public office; often served as apprentices working for whites

United States

Jim Crow Laws: social segregation laws that segregated the races in public places

Examples???SchoolsRestroomsRestaurantsDrinking FountainsBusing

United States

How did they resist these Jim Crow Laws in the South???Civil Disobedience: peaceful, non-violent protests

Examples???

United States

Selective Service Act: requires men ages 18-25 to register for the draftOpposition: Argued that it

violated the 13th Amendment which makes “involuntary servitude” illegal

Courts ruled that the law was developed in regards to slavery and men are still required to register for the draft

United States

Selective Service ActWhat happens if you

don’t register for the draft? Unable to receive federal benefits and take advantage of federal programs, e.g. student loans for college

Rostker vs. Goldberg Exempts women from registration for the draft

United States Segregation based on a

disease: Ryan WhiteDiagnosed with AIDS

(1984) at 13School and superintendent

refused to allow him to attend school

Upon return, he was taunted; forced to move to another school

Became voice of disease; died in 1990

United States Gay Marriage:

legal in other parts of the worldExamples: Belgium, Netherlands, Sweden, S. Africa

First state to legalize: Massachusetts

United States States that do not

allow/perform Same-Sex Marriage Alabama Arkansas Georgia Kentucky Louisiana Michigan Mississippi Missouri North Dakota South Dakota Ohio Tennessee Texas Nebraska

36 states currently recognize S-S Marriage

United States

Why are they not recognized under federal law? Defense of Marriage Act: marriage must be

between one man and one woman to receive federal benefits prevents Federal Gov’t. from recognizing

gay marriage What if a Same-Sex couple gets married in a

state that allows it, but moves to a state that doesn’t?

The states that don’t recognize it do not have to recognize other states who do

United States

Ohio 2004 Election - amendment that would have allowed s-s marriage

Did it pass?Not a chance

Why was it strategically placed on the ballot?To get lukewarm Republicans to the

polls to vote for George W. Bush (Ohio = key swing state in 2004 Election)

United States

Civil Unions: give some of the same rights and responsibilities of marriage under state (NOT federal) law to same-sex couples Examples: Tax breaks, survivor benefits,

medical decisions, adoption etc. (some, but not full legal rights as married couples)

Why is making it a federal law so important?Married couples under federal

law receive significant tax benefits

United States

“Don’t ask, Don’t tell” – Former US policy regarding gays in the military

Initiated by … Bill Clinton

India

Caste System: social class determined at birthDalits: former “Untouchables”

who were the lowest members in society

Today, Indian penal code inflicts severe punishments on those who discriminate on the basis of caste

Not governmentally sanctioned segregation such as apartheid

•In 1806, Great Britain captured the colony of South Africa from the Dutch.

•When diamonds and gold were discovered, the British forced blacks off the mineral-rich land.

•In 1948 the racist Nationalist Party was elected to power.

•The government established an official policy called “apartheid.”

•Apartheid – system of legal racial segregation sponsored by the government

•The South African government tried to completely separate the small number of whites from the black majority.

                                   

    

•In 1958, the government separated black people from white people by making blacks live on reserves (bantustans), or homelands.

•Several blacks also lived in shanty towns – overcrowded towns full of poorly built shacks on the edges of cities.

Resistance was organized and widespread

African National Congress (ANC)

• Talks begin in 1990 to end the political stalemate

• In 1994, the government agreed to an open elections. The African National Congress, the largest anti-apartheid party, won.

• Nelson Mandela became the new president of South Africa “officially” ending Apartheid