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Stem Cells and Stem Cell Therapy

Biology Ms. Susan Chabot 2013-2014

Stem Cells Fall Into 3 Categories

Cord Blood Stem Cells

• Multipotent

• Can become a limited number of different cell types in the body.

• Found in the umbilical cord of newborn mammals.

• Can be extracted and cultured for a variety of different therapeutic uses.

Embryonic Stem Cells

• Totipotent = single-celled embryo

• Pluripotent = 5-7 day old embryo

• Can become ANY of the 200+ cells in the body.

• Found early after fertilization of an egg by sperm.

• The younger the cell, the more options the cell has.

Adult Stem Cells

• Can only become a single cell line in the body.

• Found in your body right now.

• Allows for the creation of new skin, blood, bone, and other cells needed for growth and repair.

The Controversy

EMBRYONIC

• Harvesting embryonic stem cells results in the destruction of the embryo.

• When does life begin? At conception? When the fetus can survive on own? At 40 weeks?

CORD BLOOD

• Currently, having a baby to harvest cord blood to save another child’s life.

ADULT

• No controversy

• We can now reprogram an ADULT stem cell into and EMBRYONIC stem cell through chemistry. These are called iPS = Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

TEXT ASSIGNMENT

Read Stem Cells and Development and Frontiers in Stem Cell Researchpage 294-297

Do Questions page 297 #2a,2b, 3a