#2 CARPA1HO-RUS, ALLENTOWN, N.J., 2005, VOL. LXXVIII

Continued trom Issue # ,

An interesting story was translated from the 1953 Lemko Calendar written by Teodor Adamchak. He was born in Tylawar- then part of the Auslro-Hungar:,m Empire prior to the end of the 1 sf World War, and emigrated to the United States in the 1930s. He is now retired, living in central New Jersey.

"I consider you good friends", he said, but I won't tell you anything about that place. 'm not allowed to talk about it. If I should tell ou something and that got back to the police, would have to go back there. I would rather ill myself."

Hrits Yavilak went through the partisan Ighting right up until the Soviet Army came to ur mountains. I heard later that he is now

iving in the Soviet Union with his wife and hildren.

When I lived in the old country, a man ouldn't find a job anywhere. But we were lose to the Czechoslovak border, so some of s young fellows did some cross-border rading. We would take goods across the order that cost more over there and bring ack things that were more expensive in oland. We could make a few pennies that ay, but it was a risky business. A man could et shot at the border, or be crippled, and ight get a lot of jail time. If he had any

roperty, he could lose all of it. So it was ostly we young fellows who went over the

order.

One time, four of us went across. We old some goods to guys just like us. They aid us and made a suggestion to us.

"You fellows in Poland don't have any hance to see a workers' meeting, so why on't you come with us to this parade and eeting. Then you can spend the night here ith us and tomorrow you can go to the arket and buy something there."

That's what we did. We went with em to Svidnik. That was really something to

ee and hear. There were speeches in all inds of languages from the platform, and a reat many workers' banners. There were bout 15 thousand people there. Not a single oliceman could be seen, they were all hiding omewhere in the middle of the crowd.

When the meeting was over, we were resented as having come from Poland and

hat we wanted to stay overnight and go to the arket in the morning. We were each taken to different house for a meal, and in the evening II four of us were broughrt back together for ome talk. We each slept at a different place, nd next morinng got together again at the arket place.

Continued on Page 2, Column 1

A short story translated about the village of Bortne. Based on our recollections, we think this is the first time the village was mentioned in KR.

The Best Millstones Come From High Magurich

Bortne used to be known for its stone work. The best stone for both grindstones and millstones was produced there. But this doesn't mean that all Bortne men worked on millstones, as people around the region used to say. Only a few Bortnans were engaged in the production of millstones, as we would call it today. A number of others shaped building stone, for foundations. There were also some who made stone crosses, tombstones, shrines, and all kinds of statuettes. They made grindstones and whetstones only for themselves, for sharpening scythes and sickles. Lemkos in the neighboring village of Folush made these articles (grindstones, whetstones) for sale.

The stone Bortnans used for their products they got from various places. The best stone for millstones 'came from the steep slope~ of High Magurich. A group of stonemasons would work together to open up a quarry on the near side of the mountain, and they would mine their stone there. There was stone on the other side of Bortne also, toward the Mokhnachkas and Mount Kornuta, but that was of poorer quality. Some stonemasons in Bodaki (a neighboring village) made millstones out of it, but this stone was soft and the millstones made from it wore out quickly. There is another peak near High Maguiich, a

Continued 'on Page 3, Column 1

NOTICE

Translated from a 1965 Lemko Calendar is this World War I story of one man's experiences in Lemkovina during this awful conflict.

Ustye Russke by: Antoni Humetski

We all know that the outbreak of World War I was due to the unequal development of different countries, the distribution of economic and military power at the turn of the 20th century, and a desire for a new division of the world. The immediate cause of it, however, was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of Austria­Hungary, in Sarajevo (Bosnia) on June 28, 1914.

The Austrians declared war against Serbia on July 28, 1914. Then the Germans declared war against Russia on August 1, and against France on August 3. England declared war against Germany on August 4. Entering the war later were Turkey (November 12, 1914), Bulgaria (October 11, 1915), Romania (August 27,1916), and the United States (April 6, 1917).

Mobilization began in our region. Young men went off to the army. Thirty two new policemen came to Ustye, until then there had been only three. The reading room in my building, where.learning and culture had been practiced, was now occupied by the pOlice. They traveled through all the villages, picking up people they had on their lists and bringing them to Ustye, then sending them to Gorlice and Talerhof.

Continued on Page 4. Column 1

A reminder to all readers to mark your calendars for our 2nd reunion picnic beginning at 12:00 noon on June 26 at Macy Park, Ardsley, Westchester County, ~ew York, (off Route 9A, just .. north of Yonkers). The Park is beautiful and, with a large pavl~lon . and tables availab~e to us, this means--rain or shine--a good time IS

assured. Games such as horseshoes, 3-legged races, water balloon tosses, basketball, etc. can be played. Food will include, hamburgers, hot dogs, kielbasa, kapusta, salads, watermelon, . cantaloupe, desserts and more. Beverages will include beer, Wine, soda, coffee, tea, etc. All this for an admission charge of $12. per adult (16 years & over), $5. (10-15 years), 'and children under 10, free. In addition, there is a County parking charge of $4. per vehicle.

For information call: NY: Bill Prusak: 914-968-2603, work, 914-231-1512 NY: Dimitri Felenczak: 914-476-2408 NJ: Alex Herenchak: 609-758-1115 CT: Peter Symochko: 203-445-1965

Continued from Page 1, Column 1

We bought some penknives to make some money in Poland, and we were about to start for home but we still had a little Polish money left, so we went into a store to buy something. After we walked out of the store, we went our separate ways. I left with a new friend in that area, named Morkowets.

Morkowets had taken a course in Russia, to which the Party had sent him. He told me that we were in danger right now, because some thieves from Poland had robbed a Jew there. There were four of these thieves, and the police were looking for them. When he told us that, we agreed that in case the pOlice stopped us and took us separately for interrogation we would say that we were looking for horses to try to buy some cheaply.

So Morkowets and I went on, and suddenly there were the pOlice. We had already passed them when one of them yelled "Wait a minute!" They walked up toward us. They knew Morkowets, so they weren't interested in him., It turned out that when we were buying those last few knives the Jews promptly notified the police that there were four men from Poland in there buying penknives. So the police asked Morkowets who I was. He told them I was from Porubka. They searched me and found those knives. ,

So they took me to the station and turned me over to a detective. He loaded his revolver in front of me and said, "If you try to run, ,I'll kill you". He walked the streets with me, hoping the others would come to join me and then they would have us all. He kept asking me if I saw any of them. One of the boys did come running up to tell me to flee, so they nabbed him too. They took us back to the station, and Wanyo Bilitsa was already sitting there. Right ~way they asked us where were the things we had stolen. We told them we

didn't steal anything. They asked us the names of the two who were with us. We told them the truth, so they wouldn't think we were involved in the crime.

Well, they put us ~IJ in jail. They brought Wanyo out first, tc;( have the Jews identify him. The Jews" s~idhe was one of the thieves, that he was about the right height and was wearing dark clothing. So they beat him to get him to confess. Then they brought me out. The Jews said none of the thieves were that tall. This helped Wanyo too, and they stopped beating him.

Just the same, we had to sit there three days, while they telephoned the Polish police to find out who we were and whether we were thieves. The Poles told them we were not thieves, only political. So they turned us loose and led us to the Polish border. We asked them not to turn us over to the Polish police because we had those knives that we had bought on the Czechoslovak side and the Poles would arrest us and confiscate the knives. So they let us go at the border and didn't hand us over to the Polish police.

We got home all right, we knew how to get across the border. Polish officials and police came that night, surrounded our houses, and arrested us. They took us to the police station at Barwinek, where they beat us and pressed us to admit that we ' had been attending a communist meeting. They kept us there at that station for three days and then took us to jail. We were chained and escorted by four policemen as they led us through our village. They were afraid our frjends might try to get us away.

When we got to Dukla, they photographed us from all sides and locked us up. They held us there for two months waiting for judgement. They couldn't prove that we had been at that meeting, so they finally let us

, PAGE 2, CARPATHO-RUS, 2005

go. We learned there that if we had been found guilty we would have been sentenced to three years.

That's what justice and judicial procedure were like in 'old Poland. If a man killed somebody, he would get little or no punishment, but when he spoke the truth he would immediately be put under lock and key. The jails in Poland were full of pOlitical prisoners. The working people were just waiting for somebody to come along and free them from this slavery.

And now the same thing is true here in America. Good people are being condemned and punished for telling the truth. We came to Americ~ because this was the best democracy, and there was freedom for working people. But now this is being weakened, because they are afraid of popular justice.

The Ameri~n people had a revolution and a civil war in the past, and they were satisfied. But now our American capitalists don't like the Chinese people, because they have won their revolution and are their own masters. Instead, these capitalists support those paraSites who exploited the Chinese people unmercifully. This won't help them, however, because the world is changing and peoples 'are gaining their just rights. Every ~ystem that does not grant justice to the mass of people is doomed to failure. Even war cannot now save the old system, because the masses of people hate war and no propaganda will change their minds.

~ want now to say a few words about those comrades that were with me at that meeting in Svidnik and sat in the Dukla jail. They were Wanyo Bilitsa, son of Leshko, Teador Bilitsa, and Wanyo Shwahla. All of them went to the Soviet Union after the war, but Wanyo Bilitsais no longer living. He was kmed crossing ttlif Sari-River.

Of other friends who were active in the workers movement, some perished in Germany. Thus, Wasil Bilitsa, Teodor Bilitsa's brother, who was very active in these matters, was incinerated in a German furnace. Many more of them would have come to the same end if they had not hidden during the war and joined the partisans. The Germans grabbed and tortured those who stayed at home. Those who fought with weapons in hand' had a better chance of staying alive.

Teodor Adamchak, Bound Brook Translated by; Dimitri Gallik

From: Stowarysznia Lemkow Legnica, Poland

To: A. Herenchak Editor "Karpatska Rus", USA

Mr. Herenchak, I appreciate, from the bottom of my heart, the work you have done with the newspaper in giving financial support for the production of the movie "Akcia Visia".

We spent about 56,000 zloty or about $13,000. for the movie production, of which "KR", with its readers, helped with donations of about $2,000.

My personal thank you goes to the following generous persons:

Daniel Gallik $500. Stefan Klimchak 200. Dimitri Gallik 200. Michael Kopcha 100. Anna Greenjack 50. Alex Herenchak 50. Irene Homa 50. Walter Istwan 50. Paul Kobelak, {In memory of my father) 50. Helen Lesko 50 Nicki Nielsen 35. Sonya Patterson 25.

In addition, I thank the members of the Carpatho-Russian Center for their contribution of $500. All the names noted are included at the end of the film.

The film lasts about 1 hour and 45 minutes, and so far, has been shown, in demonstration, 26 times in Poland. The first demonstration was at the 3rd International Biennial of Lemko culture in Krinitsa on May 23,2005 ..

The showing of the film in the U.S. and Canada was first scheduled for the Fall of 2004 and the Carpatho-Rusyn Society, who also donated money, obtained a copyright for the film with English sub-titles. We are stili working on the translation from Polish to English and, therefore, we have to temporarily postpone sending the casettes to you for distribution to your donors.

, I apologi:ie for the delay, but I promise to send it to you after completing the translation, (approximately June, 2005)

We very much appreciate your help and we extend our best regards to your readers and members.

Andrei Kopcha, Director of "Akcia Visla"

CARPATHO-RUS

Carpatho-Russian newspaper, published semi-monthly by the Lemko Assoc. of the United States and Canada except 1 issue in November.

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In Appreciation

We extend our thanks for help in ,producing this week's issue of Carpatho-Rus to Ludmilla Marshovska.

Continued from Page 1, Column 2

smaller one called 1 Little Magurich, out the stone there is like that on Kornuta. Everybody knew that the best millstones were those made from the stone on High Magurich.

One time in the fall, a Bortne stonemason named Hrits went to Gorlice to sell his millstones. At the market place some Pole came up to buy one of those stones but first he asked Hrits if he was from Bortne'.

"Yes," said Hrits. "I'm from Bortne. Take a look at that sign on my wagon."

. The man glanced at the sign and said, a little more firmly, "I want to buy a millstone, but I want one from Magurich. I've heard that those are the best."

"For sure, these are from Magurich " said Hrits. "Want to see how hard it is?" '

. Hrits grabbed up a chisel, held it a~alnst the stone, and began pounding on it WIth ~ mallet (a two-kilogram hal1)mer), but he held It close at an angle so it wouldn't mar the stone. "See how the sparks fly," he yelled as he banged on the chisel. "You won't find another millstone like this anywhere. You'd better take this one. It's a good buy."

"But tell me the truth, sir," said the somewhat confused buyer, still not sure what to believe. "Tell me, is this stone really from Magurich?" -

. "It's.from Magurich, so help me," said Hnts, sl~pPlng his hat down on the ground for emphaSIS. "I swear to God it comes from Magurich. Strike me dead if I'm lying."

"Well, okay, okay," said the Pole. "No n~ed to swear, I believe you." He loaded the mIllstone on his own wagon, paid for it, and went home.

So.metime the following spring, this same Polish fellbw met in Gribow another s~onemason from Bortne and complained to him about having been cheated by one of his colleagues.

"Tell that Hrits that I hope the Lord punishes him for selling me that millstone. It gets smaller and smaller every day and it contaminates the flour. It's ju~t like sandstone. So much sand gets in the bread that it grates on your teeth, damn him. He swore up and down that that millstone came from Magurich, but he lied like a trooper. May he roast in Hell."

So this other Bortne stonemason Shtefan, explained to the poor fellow that Hrit~ had not lied to him at all but had told the absolute truth, because he actually did get that stone from Magurich but it came from Little Magurich, not High Magurich.

"Oh ho, so that's the dance we're tripping! But that Hrits of yours didn't do right by me," said the Pole, not giving in. "He sold me a stone that anybody with good teeth could chew down. And he charged me a good price for it too."

"That's tough!" retorted Shtefan "Everybody sells as best he can. I bought ~ cow from one of your friends, and he too swore up and down that she was with calf. But if she was, it was in her horns. She was barren! I had to sell her, and I lost 30 zloty. That's worse than your deal with Hrits."

"Yeah, maybe you're right," said the Pole sheepishly. "Well, good luck to you. F~om now on I'll remember to buy only those millstones that come from High Magurich."

By: Teodor Kuziak Translated by: Dimitri Gallik

PAGE 3, CARPATHO-RUS, 2005

The Cooking Corner

Buckwheat Kasha [Grechnevaia Kasha]

Kasha is an important item in Russian cooking. Though the word kasha is usually taken to mean boiled buckwheat it is also ap?lied. to other cooked grain--to rice (Rlsovala ~ash~), semolina (Mannaia kasha), oats (Ovsjanala kasha), millet (Pschonaia ~asha),. etc. The closest translation in English IS pomdge. Since boiled buckwheat is so cheap, nourishing and full of vitamins it is widely used. It has been the mainstay of countless poor, old and sick Russians. Its correct name is Grechnevaia kasha.

Buckwheat kasha is used in substantial dishes or as an accompaniment or stwffing for meat or poultry. It is also used as a breakfast fo~d, prepared as a sweet or savory dish, or balled and eaten with butter. The Russians say, "Kasha can't be spoiled by too much butter"--"Maslom kashu nie ispoptisch."

3 1/2 1

cups tsp cup

Boi/ed Buckwheat [Grechnevaia Kasha]

water salt buckwheat

Bring the water to a boil, add the salt and pour .in the buckwheat, stirring with a spoon. Bnng to a boil again, cover, turn down h~at and simmer on very low heat for 40 minutes. When ready the kasha should be soft right through but not mushy. Each grain should be separate. This quantity makes 4 cups. 4 servings. '

There are many other ways of making kas~a. ~ne old babushka once surprised her

foreIgn fnends by getting up from the table saying, "I go now to getttie: kasha from my bed." Her method wasta put the buckwheat into bailing water and boil till the water was evaporated. She then put the lid on tight, rolled the saucepan in thick newspapers, b~ankets and elder-downs, set it between pIllOWS o~ h.er b~d and let it finish cooking Itself. ThIS IS qUite common practice and is also used for rice,

Press Fund Contributions

Steve Hlywa, in memory of my parents, Joseph & Anna Hlywa $80.

John Felenchak 30.

Total $110.

Where Have All the Grandmas Gone?

In the dim and distant past

When life's tempo wasn't so fast,

Grandma used to rock and knit,

Crochet, tat and baby sit.

When the kids were in a jam,

They could always call on Gram.

But today she's in the gym

Exercising to keep slim,

She's checking the web or surfing the net,

Sending some e-mail or placing a bet.

Nothing seems to stop or block her,

Now that Grandma's off her rocker.

Courtesy Pat Melancon

----- - -A loyal reader sent us some interesting

signs found in various countries around the world posted in English in different facilities.

Hotel, Japan: "YOU ARE INVITED TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE CHAMBERMAID."

Hotel catering to skiers, Austria: "NOT TO PERAMBULATE THE CORRIDORS IN THE HOURS OF REPOSE IN THE BOOTS OF ASCENSION."

A sign posted in Germany's Black Forest: "IT IS STRICTLY FORBIDDEN ON OUR BLACK FOREST CAMPING SITE THAT PEOPLE DIFFERENT SEX, FOR INSTANCE, MEN AND WOMEN, LIVE TOGETHER IN ONE TENT UNLESS THEY ARE MARRIED WITH EACH OTHER FOR THIS PURPOSE."

Hotel, Zurich: "BECAUSE OF THE IMPROPRIETY OF ENTERTAINING GUESTS OF THE OPPOSITE SEX IN THE BEDROOM, IT IS SUGGESTED THAT THE LOBBY BE USED FOR THIS PURPOSE."

An advertisement by a Hong Kong dentist: "TEETH EXTRACTED BY TH E LATEST METHODISTS."

Tourist agency, Czechoslovakia: "TAKE ONE OF OUR HORSE DRIVEN CITY TOURS. WE GUARANTEE NO MISCARRIAGES."

Advertisement forcoonkey rides, Thailand: "WOULD YOULIK5 TO RIDE ON YOUR OWN ASS?"

In a Swiss mountain inn: "SPECIAL TODAY -- NO ICE-CREAM."

Airline ticket office, Copenhagen: "WE TAKE YOUR BAGSANDSENDTHEM IN ALL DIRECTIONS."

On the door of a Moscow hotel room: "IF THIS IS YOUR FIRST VISIT TO THE USSR, YOU ARE WELCOME TO IT,"

A laundry in Rome: "LADIES, LEAVE YOUR CLOTHES HERE AND SPEND THE AFTERNOON HAVING A GOOD TIME"

Dry cleaner's, Bangkok: "DROP YOUR TROUSERS HERE FOR THE BEST RESULTS"

In a Nairobi restaurant: "CUSTOMERS WHO FIND OUR WAITRESSES RUDE OUGHT TO SEE THE MANAGER."

Sign in men's rest room in Japan" "TO STOP LEAK TURN COCK TO THE R1GHT"

Each To His own Taste

A young city girl was vacationing in the country and became friendly with a farmer boy. One evening as they were strolling across a pasture they saw a cow and calf rubbing noses In the accepted bovine fashion.

"Ah," said the farmer boy, "that sight makes me want to do the same."

"Well, go ahead," said the girl, 'it's your cow." ---

Continued from Page 1, Column 3

From Ustye they took the priest Kalinowich, Seman Habor the mayor, Andrei Tsisliak the scribe, Seman Andreychin, Teodor Woytowich, Antoni Humetski (my uncle), Akim Khowanski, and Wasil Woytowich. Of those sent to Graz; Habor, Andreychin, and Khowanski died at Talerhof.

They would have taken me too, but they had need of me. They had to have supplies, which were hard to acquire because goods tend to disappear in time of war. Despite that, the police kept a sharp eye on me.

In September of 1914, the Russian army broke through the Austrian front at Lublin, and three Austrian divisions retreated all the way back to our villages. We were swamped with soldiers, and they took up lodging in houses, lofts, barns stables, and chicken coops. They also confiscated livestock, grain, potatoes, and anything else they could use. But that didn't last long. They soon moved farther back toward Hungary.

An order came to the police station to bring all men up to 45 years of age to the draft board (until then the age limit had been 35, now it was 45). The police gathered up the men in the villages, loaded them onto wagons, and drove them to assembly points with an escort of police and mayors. I also had to go as the mayor's deputy, along with 46 Ustye men.

We were held in Nowy ,Sanch for three days. We were the last ones to come before the board, and it was already late in the evening. Because he and I knew the commissar, Romko Parahuz and I were released. Medwed and Barniak were also released, but for reasons of health. We were told to get back to Ustye as fast as we could, while those who were drafted were sent off for uniforms.

A great panic developed in the region when it was announced that the Russians had reached Gorlice. Wagoneers sold their horses and wagons to Jews (they got 1200 kroner for horses that had sold for 400 before). The Jews would load their belongings on the wagons and head south for Czechoslovakia or Hungary. We returned to Ustye on foot, by way of Gribow and Ropa.

We arrived in Ustye that evening. At the tavern, we found some drunken policmen who just stared at me and Paraguz. They could not believe that we had been released. The commander got so angry he didn't know what to do. He just paced back and forth across the room like a madman. Finally he said that tomorrow he would personally take us back to the draft board. He picked up our papers and went off to the guardhouse.

I was very tired, and also a little drunk. I went home, laid down on my bed, and fell asleep right away.

Pretty soon there was a knocking on my door, and the commander asked in a low voice to let him in. I wanted to light a lamp, but he wouldn't let me do it. He said to me, "You come with me. I will give you the keys to the guardhouse. We're going to Hungary, by way of Wysowa. The Moscals have reached Ropa already."

They took all the available wagons in Ustye, packed up everything they had in the guardhouse and the post office, and fled that night with the Jews. So that commander never did get the chance to take me and Paraguz back to the draft board in Nowy Sancho

Patrols of Russians and Austrians probed right up to Ustye, the former from Gorlice and the laUerfrom Bardejov. That was a bad time, because there was no effective

PAGE 4, CARPATHO-RUS, 2005

state authority. We were raided by both Russian and Austrian troops, as well as by civilian brigands.

For example, one time I received a

SOO-liter barrel of rum and a 300-liter barrel of slivovitz. A troop of Magyars came along at just that moment. They filled their canteens with either rum or slivovitz and went on to the border.

A certain sick Jewish woman named Weinberger, from whom the Ustye community had bought 200 acres of woodland earlier, was left behind at a place called Hamra near Oreshow. She sent her housemaid to our mayor Petro Dzioba and asked him to come see her right away and to bring me with him, because she was feeling very weak and wanted to make out her will. Hamra is about two kilometers from our village in the direction of Klimkowka. I wasn't too eager to go as there were frequent patrols around that might take a man for a spy or even shoot him. However, the mayor insisted so I went. I took some ink, a pen, and a few sheets of paper, and we started out. The mayor had on a police coat with shiny metal buttons, and I was wearing one with brass buttons. We had just barely got by the cemetery when we ran into some Cossacks on horses.

Thinking that we were spies, the Cossacks took us to Mount Shchob, where their troop was waiting. They all set out for Kunkowa and Lishchiny, and they took us with them. As we were approaching Lishchiny, we met a man from Kunkowa named Dzwinchik who shouted, "Humetski! Where are they taking you? We have been waiting here for our friends, and it seems they are doing the same things as our enemies."

This surprised the officer in command, and he stopped the troop. He inquired of Dzwinchik and other Kunkowa people who had gathered around. They told him that we were natives of Ustye, that we were well known in the whole area, that we were good Russian patriots, and were not spies or traitors. And even if we weren't willing to help the Russians, we certainly wouldn't do them any harm.

After listening to that ex'planation, the officer apologized to us and let us go home. The troop went on to Lishchiny, and we returned to Ustye.

Next day a company of Cossacks came to Ustye from Gladyshow and set up permanent quarters'. In my building in the

marketplace, the officers took over the bedroom, and the main room was turned into a sickroom. The quartermaster did n6t disturb my warehouse and store, although it was disturbed on the sec.ond night of their stay when two thieves in uniform, one a Tatar and the other Cherkess, broke a window in the basement and tried to loot the store. They were caught in the act and punished.

One time the Cossacks sent a patrol to Wysowa, while the Magyars sent a group of hussars out of Bardejov. The two patrols met on the Wysowa meadows (by the roap to Wysowa Huta). The Russians had a larger force so they surrounded the Magyars and tried to take them prisoner. But the Magyars wouldn't give in. Three Russian troopers surrounded the Magyar captain and grabbed the bridle of his horse, trying to take· him alive. The captain pulled out a Browning and killed one of the Cossacks. This enraged the Russians, so they hacked the captain to death and carried him back to Ustye in a wagon. He was wearing a fine fur coat and had 6,000 kroner in a purse.

This officer was a Czech attached to the Hun.Qarian army. The Russians gave him a nice funeral, with the entire squadron marching in the funerary procession. At the grave, the major in command said a few words, emphasizing that the Czech, a Slav, died needlessly, just because of his support for

Austria and Hungary. For dealing death, he received death. That is justice. He lies now in a military cemetery. His family took an interest in him, and on memorial days they would send money to the mayor for a panegyric, candles, and flowers.

In December of 1914, the Austrians came back to Ustye from Slovakia and renewed their torment of the Lemko people. A general from Graz took over my bedroom. His orderly was a little Rusnak named Hrits. At that time the Russians were in Wyshny Regetow, while the Austrians were in Smerekowets, where they had set up cannons near the tavern. Their cannoneers spent a lot of time in that tavern, where there were two pretty Jewish girls. And there they drank vodka, mulled beer, and wine in goblets, and entertained themselves as best they could.

To be Continued

AUDIO & VIDEO TAPES

Item #1: Karpato-Rus' Folk Songs: Eighteen folk songs from the

Carpathian Mountains. Transcribed from 78 RPM discs recorded in 1910, this audio cassette tape presents wedding, christening and Christmas songs ... the way our ancestors did them.

Item #2: Russian Balalaika and Polkas, Chardashes and Gypsy Eclectic:

This audio cassette tape contains Russian polka and balalaika selections, Slavic chardashes and gypsy melodies. Several folk songs provided here were originally recorded in 1910 on 78 RPM discs.

Item #3: East European Folk Festival: Lemko Association sponsored many

festivals in the past of East European dancing and singing. This video offers highlights of the 25th Festival held in 1993. It includes excerpts of an Orthodox Catholic prayer service and concert of Karpato-Rus, Ukrainian, Russian, and Slovak folk songs.

Item #4: Canonization of Father Maksym Sandovich;

This video includes a biography of Saint Maksym, the first Orthodox Catholic saint of the Karpati-Rus;. The major sites and events of his glorification which occurred in Gorlice, Poland in September, 1994 are uniquely recorded.

Item #6: Canonization of Father Alexis Toth; st. Alexis' biography and canonization

ceremony are preserved on this video which was filmed at St. Tikhon's Monastery.

Item #7: Folk Songs from the Uzhorod Region:

"Muse Zakarpatskaia through 12 folk songs that were recorded in Soviet days in 1955.

ITEM #8: Lemko Wedding Music by Stephen Skimba in cassette; and ITEM #9: same as #8 in CD form.

We were fortunate in finding one of Steve Skimba's original 78 RPM records and this has been duplicated.

PRICES: Item #1 ..... $12. Item #2 ..... $12. Item #3 ..... $25. Item #4 ..... $20. Item #6 ..... $20. Item #7 ..... $12. Item #8 ..... $12. Item #9 ..... $20.

All prices include shipping costs. Send check or money order made out to Lemko Association to:

Mary Barker 521 Piermont Avenue River Vale, NJ 07675