november 13-16, 2019 maison glad hotel, jeju, republic of...
TRANSCRIPT
Renewable EnergyPhotovoltaics, Solar Thermal, Wind Energy, Hydrogen & Fuel Cell, Bioenergy,
Wasted Energy & Utilization, Geothermal Energy, Small Hydro Power,
Marine Energy, Policy, Strategy & New Business , Environment and Low Carbon
Technology, Energy Storage System/Smart Grid & Micro Grid
November 13-16, 2019Maison Glad Hotel, Jeju, Republic of Korea
9th Asia-Pacific Forum on Renewable Energy
AFORE 2019Hosted byThe Korean Society for New & Renewable Energy
Forum Committee
International Advisory Committee• Chair
Ou-sam Jin, M.S. (President, Korea Society for New and Renewable Energy, Republic of Korea)
• Member
Aidarkhan Kaltayev, Ph. D. (Al-Farabi Kazakz National University, Kazahstan)Ali Saigh, Ph. D. (Chairman of World Renweable Energy Network, United Kingdom) Anthony Kucernak, Ph. D. (Imperial College London, United Kingdom) Bhola Thapa, Ph. D. (Kathmandu University, Nepal) Bundit Fungtammasan, Ph. D. (King Mongkut's Univ. of Technology, Thailand) Domenico Coiro, Ph. D. (Universita' degli Studi di Napoli, Italy) Gento Mogi, Ph. D. (University of Tokyo, Japan) Hongda Shi, Ph. D. (Ocean University of China, China)Hongguang Jin, Ph. D. (President of Chinese Society of Engineering Thermo-physics (CSET), China)Hyung Kee Yoon, Ph. D. (Korea Maritime & Ocean University, Republic of Korea) Jinsoo Song, Ph. D. (Northeast Asia Renewable Energy Institute, Republic of Korea)Johnny C.L. Chan, Ph. D. (City University of Hong Kong, Hongkong) Kosuke Kurokawa, Ph. D. (Japan Council of Renewable Energy, Japan)Longlong Ma, Ph. D. (President of Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion (GIEC), China) Maziar Arzomandi, Ph. D. (Univ. of Adelaide, Australia) Phouang Phouthavong, Ph. D. (National Univ. of Laos, Laos)Prasanna Gunawardane, Ph. D. (University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka) Rafiuddin M. Ahmed, Ph. D. (University of South Pacific, Fiji) Roshan Chhetri, Ph. D. (Royal Univeisity of Bhutan, Bhutan) Shuichi Nagata, Ph. D. (Saga University, Japan)Song K. Choi, Ph. D. (Univ. of Hawaii, USA) Soteris Kalogirou, Ph. D. (Cyprus University of Technology, Cyprus) Young-Ho Lee, Ph. D. (Professor, Korea Maritime and Ocean University) Yoon Young Lee, Ph. D. (Auburn University, USA) Stefan Gsanger (Secretary General, World Wind Energy Association)Li Baoshan (Vice President, China Renewable Energy Society, China) J. Osgonbaatar (Director, National Renewable Energy center, Mongolia)Cheng-Han Tsai, Ph. D. (National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan) Jin-Soo Kim, Ph. D. (CRISO, Australia) Li-Chyong Chen, Ph. D. (National Taiwan Univ., Taiwan) Namijil Enebish, Ph. D. (Int'l Renewable Energy Agency, IRENA)Byamba Jigjid (President of Mongolian Society of Asia Super Grid (MSASG), Mongolia)
Organizing Committee• Chair
Jae Ho Yun, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)
• Member
Yong Heack Kang, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Pil Seok Kwon, Ph. D. (Green Energy Strategy Institute, Republic of Korea)Kang-Won Kim, Ph. D. (New·Renewable Energy Center in the Korea Energy Management Corp., Republic of Korea)Bumsuk Kim, Ph. D. (Jeju National University, Republic of Korea)Sung jin Kim (President, Gwangju Techno Park, Republic of Korea)Young-Doo Kim, Ph. D. (Jeonbuk National University, Republic of Korea)Hyung Jin Kim, Ph. D. (New and Renewable Energy Friend, Republic of Korea)Gyu Jin Park, Ph. D. (Ansan Urban Development INC., Republic of Korea)Chang Gyu Park, Ph. D. (Korea District Heating Corp., Republic of Korea)Jo Hyug Bang, Ph. D. (Unison Corporation Ltd., Republic of Korea)Dae Gyu Bang, Ph. D. (Korea institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning, Republic of Korea)Youngsoon Baek, Ph. D. (The University of Suwon, Republic of Korea)Yong-Gun Shul, Ph. D. (Yonsei University, Republic of Korea)Yoonho Song, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Republic of Korea)Jung-ll Yang, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Tae-Hyun Yang, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Si-Deok Oh, Ph. D. (Blue Economy Strategy Institute Corp., Republic of Korea)Cheol Oh, Ph. D. (Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Republic of Korea)Sewang Yoon, Ph. D. (Korean Society for New & Renewable Energy, Republic of Korea)Daeyong Lee, Ph. D. (Kunsan National University, Republic of Korea)Sang Don Lee (President, INNOGEO Technologies Inc., Republic of Korea)Sang Lae Lee, Ph. D. (Korean Register, Republic of Korea)Snaghoon Lee, Ph. D. (President, New·Renewable Energy Center in the Korea Energy Management Corp., Republic of Korea)Soogab Lee, Ph. D. (Seoul National University, Republic of Korea)Jang-Ho Lee, Ph. D. (Kunsan National University, Republic of Korea)Junshin Yi, Ph. D. (Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea)Jin-Suk Lee, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Chang-keun Yi, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Tae Yong Jung, Ph. D. (Yonsei University, Republic of Korea)Heon Jung, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Eun-Chel Cho, Ph. D. (Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea)CHul H. Jo, Ph. D. (Inha University, Republic of Korea)Chang-Soo Jin, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)
Sang-Kyu Choi, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Republic of Korea)Yeon seok Choi, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Republic of Korea)Seong Ok Han, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Yongho Hur, Ph. D. (President, Green Energy Institute, Republic of Korea)Eunnyeong Heo, Ph. D. (Seoul National University, Republic of Korea)Kwon Pyo Hong, M.S. (Vice president,Korea New & Renewable Energy Association, Republic of Korea)
Program Committee• Chair
Bumsuk Kim, Ph. D. (Jeju National University, Republic of Korea)
• Member
PhotovoltaicsJihye Gwak, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Sejin Ahn, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Jaeyeong Heo, Ph. D. (Chonnam National University, Republic of Korea)Eun-Chel Cho, Ph. D. (Sungkyungwan University, Republic of Korea)Hae-seok Lee, Ph. D. (Korea University, Republic of Korea)
Solar ThermalJong Kyu Kim, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Jeongbae Kim, Ph. D. (Korea National University of Transportation, Republic of Korea)
Wind EnergySeok Woo Kim, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Hyun Goo Kim, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Seung-Ho Song, Ph. D. (Professor, Kwangwoon University, Republic of Korea)Sang Lae Lee, Ph. D. (Korean Register, Republic of Korea)Kyong-Hwan Kim, Ph. D. (Korea Research Institute of Ships & Ocean Engineering, Republic of Korea)
Hydrogen & Fuel CellSeok-Hee Park, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Yong-Gun Shul, Ph. D. (Yonsei University, Republic of Korea)Gilltae Roh, Ph. D. (Korean Register, Republic of Korea)Un Ho Jung, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)
BioenergyYou-Kwan Oh, Ph. D. (Pusan National University, Republic of Korea)Kyeong Keun Oh, Ph. D. (Dankook University, Republic of Korea)
Wasted Energy & UtilizationSang-Kyu Choi, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Machinery& Materials, Republic of Korea)Seacheon Oh, Ph. D. (Kongju National University, Republic of Korea)Nho Nam-Sun, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Jae Hoi Gu, Ph. D. (Institute for Advanced Engineering, Republic of Korea)
Geothermal EnergyJong Min Choi, Ph. D. (Hanbat National University, Republic of Korea)Yoonho Song, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Geoscience And Mineral Resources, Republic of Korea)Ki-Bok Min, Ph. D. (Seoul National University, Republic of Korea)Young-jin Baik, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)
Small Hydro PowerJungwan Park, Ph. D. (Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power, Republic of Korea)Jin-Hyuk Kim, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Republic of Korea)
Marine EnergyNam-jo Jeong, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Jin-Hak Yi, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Republic of Korea)Tae-Gyu Hwang, Ph. D. (Korea Marine Equipment Research Institute, Republic of Korea)Deok-Je Bang, Ph. D. (Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Republic of Korea)
Policy, Strategy & New BusinessKyung Nam Kim, Ph. D. (Korea University, Republic of Korea)Jeong Hwan Bae, Ph. D. (Chonnam National University, Republic of Korea)Tae Yong Jung, Ph. D. (Yonsei University, Republic of Korea)Si-Doek Oh, Ph. D. (Blue Economy Strategy Institute Co., Ltd., Republic of Korea)
Environment and Low Carbon TechnologyHowon Ra, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)
ESS/Smart & Micro GridSun-Hwa Yeon, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)Yun-Su Kim, Ph. D. (Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea)Ho Min Kim, Ph. D. (Jeju National University, Republic of Korea)
CCT & CCSYeo-Il Yoon, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)
>> Opening Address ·································································· 1
>> Welcome Messages ····························································· 2
>> Forum Schedule ··································································· 4
>> General Information ····························································· 5
>> Floor Plan ·············································································· 6
>> Forum Program ···································································· 7
• Opening Ceremony ··································································· 7
• Plenary Session ········································································· 8
• Special Sessions ······································································· 9
• Oral Sessions ··········································································· 20
• Poster Sessions ······································································· 26
>> Abstracts ··············································································· 39
• Special Sessions Abstracts ·················································· 41
• Oral Abstracts ·········································································· 57
• Poster Abstracts ······································································ 73
>> Author Index ······································································ 113
Contents
AFORE 2019 1
>>Opening Address
On behalf of the Korean Society for Renewable Energy, I want to welcome you all to the “Ninth
Asia Pacific Forum on Renewable Energy” which will be held from November 14th to 15th at
Maison Grand Hotel in Jeju, Republic of Korea. This annual forum will provide an opportunity for
everyone to develop a sustainable energy agenda. Since the first AFORE dating back eight years ago,
we’ve come together to promote studies and technologies, to exchange information, and to engage
in various research within many countries over the Asia Pacific.
Professionals all across the industry and universities gather at AFORE 2019 to gather, learn, share
ideas about the technology, market, and policy for renewable energy, and to network with the experts here. In particular,
we will organize a RE 100 Special Session to discuss promoting RE100 with companies interested in it, renewable energy
experts and policy makers. The Session will be focused on renewable energy markets, opportunities, policies, and
technologies in Korea and the Asia-Pacific region. There will be various presentations including Saemangeum investment
guide for RE100 companies, Korea’s scheme for RE100, and the introduction of renewable energy projects in Southeast
Asian countries.
We look forward to having experts join us and take part in this important forum. Jeju, where this forum is held, is a
beautiful island and leads the transition to clean energy such as wind power, solar power, and smart grids. I hope everyone
participating enjoys the beautiful scenery and gets a chance to learn on-site. Once again, welcome to AFORE and wish
you enjoy your stay in Jeju.
Ousam Jin
International Advisory Committee Chair of AFORE 2019
President of The Korean Society for New and Renewable Energy
2 AFORE 2019
>> Welcome Message
It is my great pleasure to invite you on behalf of the organizing committee to the 9th Asia-Pacific
Forum on Renewable Energy (AFORE 2019) to be held from November 13th to 16th, 2019 in Jeju,
Korea.
AFORE has been established since 2011 to provide a convenient platform for a cooperative
network in the Asia-Pacific region between experts working in renewable energy to solve global
issues related to energy and environment. Following the successful hosting for the past few years,
AFORE is recognized as a representative forum where renewable energy specialists including
researchers and industries can get opportunities to actively communicate with each other to build collaborative
relationships.
I assure that AFORE 2019 will again help the community to achieve the goal toward a sustainable society by strong
interactions between the participants. Your contribution to AFORE 2019 by sharing new ideas and knowledges based on
recent studies will certainly be a cornerstone of boosting new industry’s growth via renewable energy in the near future.
I am looking forward to your participation in AFORE 2019 to make this event more meaningful and fruitful.
Jae Ho Yun, Ph. D.
Organizing Committee Chair of AFORE 2019
AFORE 2019 3
>> Welcome Message
Dear all participants,
It is my great pleasure and an honor to welcome you to the “9th Asia-Pacific Forum on Renewable
Energy (AFORE-2019)”, going to be held during November 13-15, 2019 in Jeju, Korea. On behalf
of the program committee members, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to all of the great
scientists, academicians, young researchers, business delegates and students from all over the world
to attend this special event.
The theme of the AFORE-2019 ‘Transition to Renewable Energy System’ will support the need for collaboration and
cooperation of individuals with a wide range of professional backgrounds.
Renewable energy, such as solar, wind, ocean, hydro, geothermal and biomass, etc is becoming stronger worldwide than
fossil energy sources, and in particular, solar and wind power generation is expected to supply about half of the global
energy demands by 2050. The increasing share of renewable energy is since countries around the world are steadily
increasing their investments in various renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power without GHG emissions,
and their costs are falling significantly as the development of utility-scale renewable power plants and mass production
of facilities. The global impact of the Asia Pacific market in the expansion of the renewable energy industry is steadily
increasing. In addition to expanding the market, securing competitiveness in power generation costs through technology
development can be greatly affected by the expansion of the renewable energy industry.
AFORE-2019, the 9th anniversary of this year, is solidifying its position as an important international event to diagnose
and discuss industrial, technical and policy issues for the expansion of various renewable energy sources. The forum will
strive to offer plenty of networking opportunities, providing you with the opportunity to meet and interact with the leading
scientists and researchers, friends and colleagues as well as sponsors and exhibitors.
We hope you will join us for a symphony of outstanding science and technology, and encourage you to take a little extra
time to enjoy the attractive and unique beauty of Jeju island.
With best wishes,
Bumsuk Kim, Ph. D.
Program Committee Chair of AFORE 2019
4 AFORE 2019
>> Forum Schedule
November 13(Wed.)
Time/Place Crystal A Crystal B Jade A Jade B Amethyst A Amethyst B
09:00~17:20- Annual Fall Meeting of The Korean Society for New & Renewable Energy 2019
- Registration
17:20~18:00 Welcoming Reception (Crystal A)
November 14(Thu.)
Time/Place Crystal A Crystal B Jade A Jade B Amethyst A Amethyst B
09:00~17:00 Registration
09:00~09:30 S.S.II.
Flexible
Inorganic
Thin-Film-
Solar Cell
Technology for
Urban Power
Distribution
(Closed
Session,
Members-Only)
09:30~10:00 S.S.I.
Hydrogen
Energy-Special
Session
Wind Energy I
10:00~11:30
Marine Energy Photovoltaics I
11:30~12:50 Lunch
12:50~13:00 S.S.III.
Floating
Photovoltaics
(FPV)
S.S.IV.
International
Workshop on
Super Grid in
Northeast Asia
S.S.V.
Saemangeum
Cluster :
National
Innovation Hub
for Renewable
Energy
S.S.VI.
Resource
Depletion
Crisis, the Only
Renewable
Energy Source
in the Future :
Waste
Renewable
Energy Special
Session
Wind Energy II
13:00~14:50
Photovoltaics II
14:50~15:00 Coffee Break
15:00~17:00 RE100 Special Session with Saemangeum Development and Investment Agency [Crystal A]
17:00~18:00 Poter Discussion (2F Lobby)
18:00~20:00 Opening Ceremony & Banquet (Crystal)
November 15(Fri.)
Time/Place Crystal A Crystal B Jade A Jade B Amethyst A Amethyst B
09:30~11:30 Registration
09:30~10:30S.S.VII.
Next-Generation
Solar Cells for
PV Application
Policy,
Strategy &
New Business
Hydrogen &
Fuel Cell
Waste Energy
& Utilization
Small Hydro
Power
ESS/Smart &
Micro Grid
10:30~11:30
Environment &
Low Carbon
Tech.
* Q&A Session on Investment guide with RE100 members (Invited Only) : 10:00~11:30 / 1F. SAMDAJUNG (AZARIA)
November 16(Sat.)
09:00~ Technical Tour
AFORE 2019 5
>> General Information
Registration Desk
Location: Lobby (2F)
Registration Hours
November 13(Wed.) 09:00~17:20
November 14(Thu.) 09:00~17:00
November 15(Fri.) 09:30~11:30
Registration Fee
Pre-Registration On-site Registration
Regular participant US$ 600 (KRW 600,000) US$ 700 (KRW 700,000)
Student US$ 300 (KRW 300,000) US$ 350 (KRW 350,000)
Official Program
Plenary Session (RE100 Special Session with Saemangeum Development and Investment Agency)
Date : November 14(Thu.)
Time : 15:00~17:00
Place : Crystal A (2F)
Opening Ceremony & Banquet
Date : November 14(Thu.)
Time : 18:00~20:00
Place : Crystal (2F)
Side Events
Welcoming Reception
Date : November 13(Wed.)
Time : 17:20~18:00
Place : Crystal A (2F)
A Dinner Performance
Date : November 14(Thu.)
Time : 18:10~18:40
Place : Crystal (2F)
Official Language
English is the official language of the forum.
6 AFORE 2019
>> Floor Plan
AFORE 2019 7
>> Forum Program
Opening CeremonyNovember 14[Thu.], 18:00~18:30 [Crystal]Chair : Bumsuk Kim, Ph. D. (Jeju National University, Republic of Korea)
Opening Address Ou-sam JinPresident of Korean Society for New and Renewable Energy(KSNRE), Republic of
Korea
A Dinner Performance Duo A&U
Violinist Kim Miyoung* Study of the violin at the “Conservatoire de Musique de Genève” with Prof. C.
Romano obtaining the concert diploma.(“Le Prix de Virtuosité”)
* Further Study of the violin at the “Konservatorium für Musik in Bern” with Prof.
Max Rostal obtaining “Solistendiplom”
* Majored in Musicology in University of Metz and University of Sorbonne in France
(Licence de la Musicologie)
* Served as the 1st violinist at the “Kumho String Quartet” in Korea, and as the
concert masterin at the Daejeon Philharmonic Orchestra
* Actually activities as solist, chamber musician and the leader of the Daejeon
Chamber Orchestra
Guitarist Kim Jeongyeol* Study at the “Korean national university of Arts”
* Study of the guitar at “Musik Hochschule Köln”, obtaining K. A.
* Study of the guitar specially for the baroque music at “Zuid-Nederlanse Hogeschool
voor Muziek”, obtaining the post graduate diploma
* Study of the direction at “Donizetti Accademy of Milano”
* Actually activities as soliste, chamber musician and leader of the “Guitar ensemble
in Daejeon”
Program•Niccolo Paganini [1782~1840] - Centone di Sonate, Op. 64-1
•Manuel De Falla [1876-1946] - Spanish Dance from Opera ‘La Vida Breve’
• C. Francois Gounod [1818-1893] - Ave Maria
8 AFORE 2019
Plenary Session
RE100 Special session with Saemangeum Development and Investment Agency November 14[Thu.], 15:00~17:00 [Crystal A]Chair : Jihye Gwak, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)
PS-001 15:00-15:30
Investment Guide for Renewables Sourcing
Saemangeum Development and Investment Agency
PS-002 15:30~15:45
Technical and Joining Criterias
Mukund Santhanam
RE100 Regional Delivery Partner of Korea
PS-003 15:45-16:00
Korea’s Scheme for RE100 ‘REGO (Renewable Energy Guarantees of Origin)’
Korea’s Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy
PS-004 16:00-16:15
A Case Study on the Combination of Industrial Parks/RE100 in Vietnam
Damon Young
Regional Programme Manager, Southeast and East Asia European Climate Foundation, Singapore
PS-005 16:15-16:30
Indonesian Biomass Power Plant Project
Deputy Behan
Badan koordinasi penanaman modal, Indonesia
PS-006 16:30-16:45
Sri Lanka Solar Power and Wave Power Project
F.S. Bondarenko, Ph. D.
CEO of Ingine Lanka (Pvt) Ltd., Sri Lanka
PS-007 16:45-17:00
Saemangeum Renewable Project Plan
Saemangeum Development Corporation
AFORE 2019 9
Special Sessions
Special Session I
Hydrogen Energy-Special SessionNovember 14[Thu.], 09:30~11:00 [Crystal B]Chair : Tae-Hyun Yang, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)
IN-I-001 09:30~10:00
Outlook of Hydrogen Economy Take-Off in US
Sungwook “Sam” Min*
Department of Marketing, California State University, Long Beach, California, U.S.A. & Korean American Energy Association
*corresponding author ([email protected])
IN-I-002 10:00~10:30
Australian Initiatives to Develop Renewable Energy Export Systems
Sarb Giddey1,*, and David Harris2
1Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Energy Private Bag 10, Clayton South, Vic. 3169, Australia
2Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Energy PO Box 883, Kenmore, Qld. 4069, Australia
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-I-001 10:30~11:00
Korea Hydrogen Economy Roadmap
Tae-Hyun Yang*, and Gu-gon Park
Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
10 AFORE 2019
Special Session II
Flexible inorganic thin-film-solar cell technology for urban power distributionNovember 14[Thu.], 09:00~11:30 [JadeA]Chair : Jihye Gwak, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)
Opening 09:00~09:10
High-performance Flexible Inorganic Thin-film-solar Cell Technology for Urban Power Distribution
Jae Ho Yun*
Photovoltaics Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
SS-II-001 09:10~09:20
Vacuum Non-Vacuum Hybrid Process for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Film Solar Cell
Yun-Ae Cho, SeJin Ahn, Ara Cho, Jihye Gwak, Seung Kyu Ahn, Jun Sik Cho, Joo Hyung Park, Jin Soo Yoo, Kihwan Kim, Donghyeop Shin,
In-Young Jeong, Jae Ho Yun, Soomin Song, Sang-Min Lee, Ahreum Lee, and Young-Joo Eo*
Photovoltaic Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected], [email protected])
SS-II-002 09:20~09:30
Improving Performance of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells by Cesium Post-Deposition Treatments
Hojin Lee1, Yuseong Jang1, Sung-Wook Nam2, Chanwon Jung1, Pyuck-Pa Choi1, Jihye Gwak3, Jae Ho Yun3, Kihwan Kim3,*, and
Byungha Shin1,*
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
3Photovoltaic Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected], [email protected])
SS-II-003 09:30~09:40
Influence of Mechanical Stress on the Photovoltaic Properties of Flexible CIGS Solar Cell
Sungjun Kim, Minjae Kim, Youngjae Lee, and Jeha Kim*
Department of Energy Convergence Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-II-004 09:40~09:50
The Study of Power Generation Performance According to Shading of Photovoltaic System with CIGS Module
Dae Hwan Shin, Tulga Otgonkhishig, Eun Ho Kang, and Jong Ho Yoon*
Department of Architectural Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-II-005 09:50~10:00
Colorful Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Film Solar Cells with Zn-Based Nontoxic Buffer Layer
Yong-Duck Chung1,2,*, Dae-Hyung Cho1, Woo-Jung Lee1, Myeong Eon Kim1, and Sung-Hoon Hong1
1ICT Creative Research Laboratory, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Advanced Device Technology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
AFORE 2019 11
SS-II-006 10:00~10:10
Flexible Hybrid Tranparent Conducting Films for Werable Thermal Sensor and Heaters Based on Metallized
Fibers and Nanowires
Hyunjun Seok, Hyuk-Jin Kwon, Hong Seok Jo, and Sam S. Yoon*
School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-II-007 10:10~10:20
Development of CIGS Solar Cell Technology Using Local Contact Electrode and Multi Metal Oxide Window
Layer
Dong-Hwan Jeon, Young-Ill Kim, Si-Nae Park, Dae-Kue Hwang, Kee-Jeong Yang, Shi-Joon Sung, Jin-Kyu KANG, and Dae-Hwan Kim*
Division of Energy Technology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-II-008 10:20~10:30
Developing a Laser Scribing Apparatus with Uniformity and Repeatability for Monolithic CIGS Mini Module
Won Mok Kim1,*, Jeung-hyun Jeong2, and Hyeonggeun Yu2
1Center for Electronic Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
2Photo-electronic Hybrids Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-II-009 10:30~10:40
A Graphene Oxide Interfacial Layer Effect on the Performace of Kesterite CZTSSe Solar Cells
Junsung Jang1, Jihun Kim2, and Jin Hyeok Kim1,*
1Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Department of material Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju,
Republic of Korea
2School of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-II-010 10:40~10:50
Effects of Alkali Metal Doping in the Low-Temperature Grown Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Films on Flexible Polyimide
Probed by Scanning Probe Microscopy
Juran Kim1, Kihwan Kim2, Jihye Gwak2, Jae Ho Yun2, and William Jo1,*
1Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
2Photovoltaic Laboratory, Korean Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-II-011 10:50~11:00
Characterization of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) Films Using Correlative Microscopy
Chanwon Jung1, Kihwan Kim2,3, and Pyuck-Pa Choi1,*
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Photovoltaics Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
3University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
12 AFORE 2019
SS-II-012 11:00~11:10
Fabrication of High Efficiency CZTSe Solar Cell with (Zn,Sn)O Buffer
Jiwon Lee, Temujin Enkhbat, Gyuho Han, and Junho Kim*
Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-II-013 11:10~11:20
A Study of Performance in Light Absorption Enhanced Wall-Mounted BIPV System with Micro-Patterned Light
Scattering Layer
Seong Won Kwon*, Sun Yong Kim, Jun Hyung Park, and Yong Sik Kim
BJPOWER Co., Ltd, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Wrap-up 11:20~11:30
Discussion
AFORE 2019 13
Special Session III
Floating Photovoltaics (FPV)November 14[Thu.], 12:50~14:50 [Crystal A]Chair : Junsin Yi, Ph. D. (Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea)
SS-III-001 12:50~13:20
Floating Solar: The 3rd Pillar of the Global PV Industry
Abhishek Kumar*, and Thomas Reindl
Solar Energy System Cluster, Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore, 7 Engineering Drive1, Singapore
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-III-002 13:20~13:50
Si-hwa Off-Shore Floating PV Pilot Test in South Korea, 2014 ~2019
Chang-sub Won*, Dongchan Kim, Lawrence Waithiru, Myenggil Gang, and Jongmoon Lee
Scotra. co. LTd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-III-003 13:50~14:20
On-Site Real-Time Health Monitoring of Stress Structure and Float on Floating Photovoltaic System in River
Jae Seong Jeong1,*, Jong Moon Lee2, and Chang Sub Won2
1New and Renewable Energy Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute (KETI), Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
2Department of R&D, Scotra CO., LTD, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-III-004 14:20~14:50
Fundamental Research for Establishing Floating Photovoltaic(PV) Component Standard
Tae Hee Jung*, Jun-Hong Choi, and Seong-Won Kim
Renewable Energy Technology Center, Korea Testing Laboratory, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
14 AFORE 2019
Special Session IV
International Workshop on Super Grid in Northeast AsiaNovember 14[Thu.], 12:50~14:50 [Crystal B]Chair : Jihye Gwak, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research, Republic of Korea)
IN-IV-001 12:50~13:10
Feasibility of Integrating Renewable Energy Sources of Mongolia to the Northeast Asia Supergrid
Enebish Namjil*
Laboratory of Advanced Technology, Institute of Physics and Technology Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Mongolia
*corresponding author ([email protected])
IN-IV-002 13:10~13:30
Renewables Deployment in North East Asia
Mika Ohbayashi*
Director, Renewable Energy Institute, Japan
*corresponding author ([email protected])
IN-IV-003 13:30~13:50
Renewable Energy Cooperation for Super Grid in Northeast Asia
Jinsoo Song*
Chairman, Northeast Asia Renewable Energy Institute
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-IV-004 13:50~14:00
Recent Status and Cooperation Technologies of Renewable Energy Messaged from North Korea
Young-Ho Lee*
Chairman, Green Energy Strategy Institute, Republic of Korea
SS-IV-005 14:00~14:10
Power System Interconnection Scenarios and Issues from Korea Perspective
Jae-Young Yoon*
Principal Researcher, Korea Electrotechnology Institute, Republic of Korea
SS-IV-006 14:10~14:20
Renewable Energy Deployment by 2040 in Korea and Grid Connections with Neighboring Countries
Sanghoon Lee*
Director, New & Renewable Energy Center/Korea Energy Agency, Republic of Korea
SS-IV-007 14:20~14:30
PV Generation and Microgrid Application
Dongseop Kim*
CEO, Solar Energy General/Shinsung E&G, Republic of Korea
Wrap-up 14:30~14:50
Panel Discussion
AFORE 2019 15
Special Session V
Saemangeum Cluster : National Innovation Hub for Renewable EnergyNovember 14[Thu.], 12:50~14:50 [Jade A]Chair: Gisung Pang, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning, Republic of Korea)
Opening 12:50~12:55
Introduction to the Session
Chair
SS-V-001 12:55~13:00
Saemangeum : The “World’s Best Renewable Energy Cluster”
Seong- Ho Lee*
Director General of New And Renewable Energy Department, Jeollabuk-do office, Republic of Korea
SS-V-002 13:00~13:20
Plans for Jeonbuk Energy Industry Convergence Complex
Ji-Hoon Lee*, and Youn-Hwa Na
Leader of the New and Renewable Energy Team, Jeollabuk-do office, Republic of Korea
SS-V-003 13:20~13:40
National Renewable Energy Demonstration Complex
Eun-Seok Song, Haejung Hwang, Tae-Gyu Park, and Gi Sung Pang*
Office of Renewable Energy Demonstration Complex, Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP), Seoul, Republic
of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-V-004 13:40~13:55
Evaluation and Assessment Center for Floating Photovoltaics, KTL
Tae Hee Jung*, Jun-Hong Choi, and Seong-Won Kim
Renewable Energy Technology Center, Korea Testing Laboratory, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-V-005 13:55~14:10
Evaluation and Assessment Center for Offshore Wind Turbine Components and Materials
Jinbong Kim*
Wind turbine Technology Research Center, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-V-006 14:10~14:25
Plan to Foster the Hydrogen Industry in Jeonbuk Province
Young-kwon Kim*
New and Renewable Energy Division, Jeonbuk TechnoPark, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
16 AFORE 2019
SS-V-007 14:25~14:40
Current Status and Development of Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Center for Industry, Academy, and Laboratories
Young Woo Choi*
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Center for Industry, Academy, and Laboratories, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Buan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Closing Remarks 14:40~14:50
AFORE 2019 17
Special Session VI
Resource depletion crisis, the only renewable energy source in the future : Waste Renewable Energy Special sessionNovember 14[Thu.], 12:50~14:35 [Jade B]Chair: Yeo, Woon Ho, Ph. D. (Incheon National University, Republic of Korea)
SS-VI-001 12:50~13:05
Thermal Treatment and Energy Utilization Status and Activation Plan of Domestic Waste in Korea
Kyoon Duck Yoon*
Environmental Assessment Center, Korea Testing Laboratory, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-VI-002 13:05~13:20
Current Status and Challenges on Energy Recovery of Combustible Wastes from Landfill Mining in Korea
Kyuyeon Kim*, Su-Young Lee, Won-Seok Yang, Won-Seok Lee, and Sunkyoung Shin
Waste–to-Energy Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-VI-003 13:20~13:35
A Study on Waste Plastics Low Temperature Emulsion Technology Using Catalyst
Jung Hyun Park1,2,*, and Woon Ho Yeo2
1SUDOKWON Landfill Site Management Corp., Incheon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-VI-004 13:35~13:50
National Disaster Waste Management System, Industry 4.0 and Waste Biomass : The Future of Renewable
Biomass Energy
Jae Sung Park1,2*, and Woon Ho Yeo2
1Geum River Basin Environment Agency, Ministry of Environment, Republic of Korea
2Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-VI-005 13:50~14:05
Utilization of Livestock Organic Waste to Energy Resource Caused by Infectious Diseases Such as African Swine
Fever
Jung Kyung Rho*, and Jong Hwan Park
Hae Sung E & G Corporation LTD, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SS-VI-006 14:05~14:20
Carbonized Solid Fueling of Livestock Manure and Algae Sludge
Bong Ki Lee1, Dong Hwan Kam1, Kil Hwan Moon2, Young Jin Cho3, and Jin Kyoung Kim4,*
1Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Electroelectronics and Automobile Engineering, JoongBu University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
3Department of Bioindustrial Machinery Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
4DA ENG, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
18 AFORE 2019
SS-VI-007 14:20~14:35
The Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Reduction and Energy Recovery by Waste Biomass using Ultra High
Temperature and Pressure Boiler
Won Hyeog Joo1,2, Jae Sung Park1,*, and Woon Ho Yeo1
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Incheon National University, Republic of Korea
2Woo min energy corp., Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
AFORE 2019 19
Special Session VII
Next-Generation Solar Cells for PV ApplicationNovember 15[Fri.], 09:30~11:30 [Crystal A]Chair : Jeung-hyun Jeong, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Repubric of Korea)
IN-VII-001 09:30~10:00
An Advanced Thin Film PV Technology and Application
Jian Ding*
Alta Devices, INC., California, USA / Hanergy Thin-film Power Group, Beijing, China
*corresponding author ([email protected])
IN-VII-002 10:00~10:30
High Efficient Kesterite Solar Cells
Hitoshi Tampo*, Shinho Kim, Takehiko Nagai, Hajime Shibata, and Shigeru Niki
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan
*corresponding author ([email protected])
IN-VII-003 10:30~11:00
Hybrid Nano-Architectures for Photovoltaic Applications
Rupesh S. Devan*
Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore 453552,
India
*corresponding author ([email protected])
IN-VII-004 11:00~11:15
Omnidirectional and Broadband Antireflection Effect with Tapered Silicon Nanostructures Fabricated with
Low-Cost And Large-Area Capable Nanosphere Lithography Process
Jea-Young Choi*
Dept. of Materials Sci. & Engr., Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
IN-VII-005 11:15~11:30
Silar Based ZnxCd1-xS Buffer Layers: A Solution for Meeting High Voc in SnS Thin Film Solar Cells
Pravin S. Pawar, and Jaeyeong Heo*
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
20 AFORE 2019
Oral Sessions
ME : Marine Energy
November 14[Thu.], 10:00~11:40 [Crystal A]Chair : Tae-Gyu Hwang, Ph. D. (Korea Marine Equipment Research
Institute, Republic of Korea)
O-ME-001 10:00~10:20
Direct Drive Wave Energy Converter with Variable
Stiffness Structure
Tri Dung Dang, Tri Cuong Do, and Kyoung Kwan Ahn*
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-ME-002 10:20~10:40
Numerical Study on Wave Absorbing Performance of
Pneumatic Floating Breakwater
Dong-Min Kim, Sanghwan Heo, Eun-Hong Min, and
Weoncheol Koo*
Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Inha
University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-ME-003 10:40~11:00
An Experimental Investigation of Structural Shape
Effects on the Hydrodynamic Performance of
Small-Sized OWC WEC
Hong-Goo Kang1, Chan Joo Kim1,3, Min Jun Lee2,
Yoon Woo Choi2, Yeong Kyu Kim2, and Jong Hwa Won1,*
1Foresys Co., Ltd. Seoul, Republic of Korea
2Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Systems Engineering,
Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
3Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Inha
University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-ME-004 11:00~11:20
Introduction of Studies on a Flapping Hydrofoil Tidal
Stream Turbine in Korea
Jin Hwan Ko1,* Nguyen Le Dang Hai1, and Jihoon Kim2
1Major of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju,
Republic of Korea
2Maritime Robotics Test and Evaluation Unit, Korean Institute of
Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Busan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-ME-005 11:20~11:40
A Study on Load Reduction of Tidal Turbine Blade
Dasom Jeoung, and Jin Hwan Ko*
Major of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
WE : Wind Energy
O-WE-I
November 14[Thu.], 09:30~11:50 [Amethyst A]Chair : Bumsuk Kim, Ph. D. (Jeju National University, Republic of
Korea)
O-WE-001 09:30~09:50
Non-Presented Paper (No-Show)
O-WE-002 09:50~10:10
Risk Analysis of A Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE)
Model for Renewable Energy penetration in Energy
Mix
Uwineza Laetitia1, Hyun-Goo Kim2, Chang Ki Kim3, and
Ou-Sam Jin4,*
1Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, UST, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
2New and Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Senior Researcher, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
3New and Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Senior Researcher, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
4Korean Society of New & Renewable Energy, President, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-WE-003 10:10~10:30
Scour Induced Risk of Offshore Wind Turbine
Support Structure
Dong Hyawn Kim1,*, and Young Jin Kim2
1School of Architecture and Coastal Construction Engineering,
Kunsan National Univ., Gunsan, Republic of Korea
2Dept. Of Ocean Science & Engineering, Kunsan National Univ.,
Gunsan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-WE-004 10:30~10:50
An Experimental Study on the Effect of Blade Surface
Contamination on the Power Performance of Medium
Wind Turbine
Seong Keon Kim1, Jong Hwa Kim1, and Bum Suk Kim2,*
AFORE 2019 21
1Multidisciplinary Graduate School Program for Wind Energy, Jeju
National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
2Faculty of Wind Energy Engineering, Graduate School, Jeju
National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-WE-005 10:50~11:10
Effect of Atmospheric Stability, Turbulence and Wind
Shear on Power Production Variation of Wind
Turbines
Dae Young Kim1, Yean Hee Kim2, and Bum Suk Kim3,*
1Multidisciplinary Graduate School Program for Wind Energy, Jeju
National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
2Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of
Meteorological Sciences Jeju, Republic of Korea
3Faculty of Wind Energy Engineering, Graduate School, Jeju
National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-WE-006 11:10~11:30
A Pumping Mill to Generate Constant Power by
Extracting High Altitude Wind Energy
Kyoung Ho Cha*
1107-2201, Saerom-Ro 55, Sejong, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-WE-007 11:30~11:50
Optimization of a Wind Turbine Blade by Considering
the Multiple Design Parameters Using the Response
Surface Method
Sang Lae Lee1,*, and Sang Joon Shin2
1Korean Register of Shipping(KR), Busan, Republic of Korea
2Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul
National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-WE-II
November 14[Thu.], 12:50~14:50 [Amethyst A]Chair : Jinki Sung, Ph. D. (Korea institute of Energy Technology
Evaluation and Planning, Republic of Korea)
O-WE-008 12:50~13:10
A Probabilistic Model of Levelized Cost of
Electricity(LCOE) for Korean Offshore Wind
Kihwan Kim1,*, Duk Oh Lim1, and Gil-Lim Yoon2
1Korea Energy Economics Institute, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
2Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-WE-009 13:10~13:30
Three-Dimensional Computational Aspects of
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Based on Aerodynamic
Performance
Sunny Kumar Poguluri1, Hyebin Lee2, and Yoon Hyeok Bae1,*
1Department of Ocean System Engineering, Jeju National
University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
2Multidisciplinary Graduate School for Wind Energy, Jeju National
University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-WE-010 13:30~13:50
Performance Evaluation of Digital Wind Tunnel
Which Can Simulate Various Experimental
Conditions
Won-Sik Shin1, Jin-Ok Kim2, Ki-Weon Kang3, Dae-Yong Lee1, and
Jang-Ho Lee3,*
1Institute of Offshore Wind Energy, Kunsan National University,
Gunsan, Republic of Korea
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kunsan National
University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea
3School of Mechanical Engineering, Kunsan National University,
Gunsan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-WE-011 13:50~14:10
Research on the Design and Characteristic Analysis of
Unique Airfoil KA3
Sung-Soo Park1, Sang-Kyun Kang1, Sung-Ho Yu1, Sang-Il Lee2,
and Jang-Ho Lee3,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kunsan National
University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea
2Institute of Offshore Wind Energy, Kunsan National University,
Gunsan, Republic of Korea
3School of Mechanical Engineering, Kunsan National University,
Gunsan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-WE-012 14:10~14:30
Effects of Offshore Wind Substructure Arrangement
on the Tidal Current Flow Near Gogunsan Islands,
South Korea
Ju-Hyun Hong1, Sung-Soo Park2, Dae-Yong Lee1, Sang-Il Lee1,
and Jang-Ho Lee3,*
1Institute of Offshore Wind Energy, Kunsan National University,
Gunsan, Republic of Korea
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kunsan National
University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea
3School of Mechanical Engineering, Kunsan National University,
Gunsan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
22 AFORE 2019
O-WE-013 14:30~14:50
Study on Efficiency of Airfoil by BEMT with
DesignFoil Program
Ka-Young Song, and Min-Young Sun*
Department of Mechanical Design Engineering & JBNU
International Offshore Wind Research Institute, JeonBuk National
University, JeonJu, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
PV : Photovoltaics
O-PV-I
November 14[Thu.], 10:00~11:20 [Amethyst B]Chair : Chang Ki Kim, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Republic of Korea)
O-PV-001 10:00~10:20
BIPV Potential Analysis on Daejeon City Based on
Seed (Solar Energy Estimator for Daejeon)
Hyun-Goo Kim1,*, Je-Hyun Lee2, Chang Ki Kim1, Chang-Yeol Yun1,
and Jung-Tae Lee1
1New and Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Platform Technology Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-PV-002 10:20-10:40
Non-Presented Paper (No-Show)
O-PV-003 10:40-11:00
Machine-Leanrning Model for Building-Integrated
Photovoltaic (BIPV) System in Urban Area
Jehyun Lee1, Junho Won2, Chang Ki Kim, Chang-Yeol Yun3,
Dae Hyun Song4, Yong-Heack Kang3, and Hyun-Goo Kim3,*
1Platform Technology Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Computer Science & Engineering, Chungnam National University,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
3New and Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
4NGL Co. Ltd., Goyang, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-PV-004 11:00-11:20
Determining Optimal Angle of Photovoltaic Panels in
Urban Area
Jung-Tae Lee, Hyun-Goo Kim*, Yong-Heack Kang,
Chang-Yeol Yun, Chang Ki Kim, Jin-Young Kim, and Bo-Young Kim
New and Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-PV-Ⅱ
November 14[Thu.], 13:00~14:40 [Amethyst B]Chair : Hyun-Goo Kim, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Republic of Korea)
O-PV-005 13:00~13:20
Comparison of Model Performance between
UM-LDAPS and GFS Model: Same Day and Day
Ahead Forecasts of Global Horizontal Irradiance
Chang Ki Kim*, Hyun-Goo Kim, Yong-Heack Kang, and
Jinyoung Kim
New and Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-PV-006 13:20~13:40
Analysis of the Two Years Operation of the 10MW PV
Plant in Cold Climatic Conditions Mongolia
Bat-Erdene Bayandelger1,*, and Enebish Namjil2
1Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
2Laboratory of Advanced Technology, Institute of Physics and
Technology Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Mongolia
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-PV-007 13:40~14:00
Uncertainty Evaluation for Model Based Solar
Irradiation in Korean Peninsula
Boyoung Kim, Chang Ki Kim, Yong-Heack Kang, and
Hyun-Goo Kim*
New & Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-PV-008 14:00~14:20
Application of the Cloud Index Obtaind from Satellite
Images for Deriving Global Horizontal Irradiance
Pranda Mulya Putra, and Hyunjin Lee*
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kookmin University,
Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected]), presenting author ([email protected]
O-PV-009 14:20~14:40
Development of Photovoltaic Capacity Factor Map in
Korea
Chang Yeol Yun1, Chang Ki Kim1, Jin Young Kim1, Bo Young Kim1,
AFORE 2019 23
Jung Tae Lee1, Shin Young Kim1, Hyun Goo Kim1,
Young Heack Kang1, and Yong Il Kim2,*
1New & Renewable Energy Resource and Policy Center, Kore
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Seoul National
University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
PN : Policy, Strategy&New Business
November 15[Fri.], 09:30~10:50 [Crystal B]Chair : Kyung Nam Kim, Ph. D. (Korea University, Republic of Korea)
O-PN-001 09:30~09:50
Non-Presented Paper (No-Show)
O-PN-002 09:50~10:10
Technology Forecasting using Patent Data in the Field
of Floatovoltaics
Gooyong Lee*, Mina Lee, and Sang Jin Oh
Division of Policy Research, Green Technology Center, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-PN-003 10:10~10:30
Analysis of the Impact on the Energy and GHG
Emissions of Electrification of Cooking Method in
Korea
Hyunji Im, and Yunsoung Kim*
Green Energy Strategy Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-PN-004 10:30~10:50
A Study on Technology Forecasting of Hydrogen
Using Patent Data
Mina Lee, Chul-ho Park, and Gooyong Lee*
Department of Policy Research, Green Technology Center, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
HF : Hydrogen&Fuel Cell
November 15[Fri.], 09:30~10:30 [Jade A]Chair : Myo-Eun Kim, Ph. D. Candidate (Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Republic of Korea)
O-HF-001 09:30~09:50
Utilization of Microporous Carbon Material
Originated from Nanocellulose and Coconut Shell as
Catalytic Support for Methanol Steam Reforming
Corwin Rudly1,2, Soo Hyun Kim1, and Ji Ho Yoo1,*
1Clean Fuel Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Advanced Energy and System Engineering, Korea University of
Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-HF-002 09:50~10:10
A study on PEFC with Self-Humidification Using
Metal Foam in Dead Ended Operation
Myo-Eun Kim1,2, and Young-Jun Sohn1,2,*
1Advanced Energy & System Engineering, University of Science and
Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-HF-003 10:10~10:30
CFD Analysis for Prediction of Flame Behavior and
Hydrogen Gas Explosion
Ho Seong Yang1, and Young Ho Lee2,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, KMOU, Pusan, Republic
of Korea
2Division of Mechanical Engineering, KMOU, Pusan, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
WU : Wasted Energy&Utilization
November 15[Fri.], 09:30~10:30 [Jade B]Chair : Sang-Kyu Choi, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Machinery&
Materials, Republic of Korea)
O-WU-001 09:30~09:50
Production of Petrochemical via Fast Pyrolysis of Low
Density Polyethylene
Quynh Van Nguyen1,2, Yeon Seok Choi1,2,*, Sang Kyu Choi1,2, and
Yong Su Kwon1,2
1Department of Environmental System, Korea Institute of Machinery
and Materials, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Environmental and Energy Mechanical
Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-WU-002 09:50~10:10
Comparison of the Mass Balance of Full-Scale
Biogasification Facilities According to Different
Anaerobic Digestion Method in Korea
24 AFORE 2019
Jun Hwa Kwon, Hee Sung Moon, Won Seok Lee,
Sun Kyung Shin, and Dong Jin Lee*
Environmental Resources Research Department, National Institute
of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-WU-003 10:10~10:30
Heat Charging and Discharging Characteristics of
Thermal Energy Storage System Using Phase Change
Material
Dong Kyoo Park1, Dong-Ju Kim1, Bup-Mook Jeong1,
Jae-Hoi Gu1,*, and Dong-Cheol Kim2
1Plant Engineering Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering,
Republic of Korea
2HLB Life Science, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SH : Small Hydro Power
November 15[Fri.], 09:30~10:30 [Amethyst A]Chair : Jungwan Park Ph. D. (Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co.
Ltd.-CRI, Republic of Korea)
O-SH-001 09:30~09:50
Flow Induced Vibration in a Two-stage Turbine for
Pumped Storage Hydropower Plant
Jungwan Park*, and Jin Woo Yang
Green Energy Research Center, KHNP-CRI, Daejeon, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-SH-002 09:50~10:10
Numerical Analysis and Design Optimization of the
Spiral Casing Configuration
Ujjwal Shrestha1, and Young-Do Choi2,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mokpo National
University, Muan, Republic of Korea
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of New and
Renewable Energy Technology Research, Mokpo National
University, Muan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected] )
O-SH-003 10:10~10:30
Parametric Study on the Influence of Inlet and Outlet
Pipe Geometry on the Pulsating Flow Characteristics
of a Positive Displacement Hydraulic Turbine
Arihant Sonawat1,2, Hyeon-Mo Yang2, Young-Seok Choi1,2,
Kyung Min Kim3, and Jin-Hyuk Kim1,2,*
1Green Process and Energy System Engineering, Korea University
of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Thermal & Fluid Systems R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial
Technology, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
3Frontier Research & Training Institute, Korea District Heating
Corporation, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
ESS/SG&MG : Energy Storage System / Smart Grid&Micro Grid
November 15[Fri.], 09:30~10:10 [Amethyst B]Chair : Bumsuk Kim, Ph. D. (Jeju National University, Republic of
Korea)
O-ESS/SG&MG-001 09:30~09:50
Regional Ramp Analysis of Photovoltaic and Wind
Power in the Republic of Korea
Shin Young Kim1,2, Bo Young Kim1, Chang Ki Kim1,
Chang Yeol Yun1, Yong Heack Kang1, Gil Soo Jang2, and
Hyun-Goo Kim1,*
1New and Renewable Energy Resource and Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-ESS/SG&MG-002 09:50~10:10
Non-Presented Paper (No-Show)
E&LCT : Environment&Low Carbon Technology
November 15[Fri.], 10:30~11:30 [Amethyst B]Chair : Chang-keun Yi, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Republic of Korea)
O-E&LCT-001 10:30~10:50
Reforming CO2-Containing Biogas by Electric-Field
Assisted Catalytic Reactor for the Synthesis Gas
Production
Jung-Il Yang1,*, Ji Chan Park1, Tae Sung Jung1, Shin Wook Kang1,
and Su Ha2
1Clean Fuel Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Violand School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering,
Washington State University, Pullman, WA
*corresponding author ([email protected])
O-E&LCT-002 10:50~11:10
Non-Presented Paper (No-Show)
AFORE 2019 25
O-E&LCT-003 11:10~11:30
Combination of Reformer and Direct-Fired
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Power Cycle
Tuananh Bui1, Young Duk Lee1,2,*, Do Won Kang2,
Kook Young Ahn1,2, Young Sang Kim2, Sangmin Lee3, and
Sung Ho Chang3
1Department of Environmental and Energy Mechanical
Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
2Clean Fuel and Power Generation Center, Korea Institute of
Machinery & Materials, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
3Clean Power Generation Laboratory, Korea Electric Power
Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
26 AFORE 2019
Poster SessionsNovember 14 [Thu.], 17:00~18:00 [Lobby 2F]Chair : Chang-Keun Yi Ph.D. / Jin-Suk Lee Ph.D. / Kyung Soo Kim,
Ph.D. / Seok-Hee Park, Ph.D. / Seong Ok Han Ph.D. /
Seunghee Woo, Ph. D. (Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Republic of Korea)
Sang Lae Lee, Ph. D. (Korean Register, Republic of Korea)
Yong-Duck Chung Ph.D. (Electronics and
Telecommunications Research Institute, Repubric of Korea)
BE : Bioenergy
P-BE-001 001
Biomass Gasification in High-Speed Flow Reactor
Jong-Pil Kim1,*, Gyeong-Min Kim2, and Chung-Hwan Jeon2
1Robot Technology Researcher Center, Busan National University,
Busan, Republic of Korea2School of Mechanical Engineering, Busan National University,
Busan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-BE-002 002
Reutealis Trisperma Oil Esterification: Optimization and
Kinetic Study
Riky1,2, Deog-Keun Kim2,*, and Jin-Suk Lee3
1Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Science and
Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea 2Biomass and Waste to Energy Laboratory, Korea Institute of
Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea3Gwangju Bio/Energy R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-BE-003 003
Petroleum-Replacing Biofuels from Inedible
Lignocellulose
Dong Jin Suh1,*, Wonjun Choi1,2, Hyemin Yang1,2,
Jae-Wook Choi1, Jungkyu Choi2, and Jeong-Myeong Ha1
1Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and
Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea 2Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea
University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-BE-004 004
A Study on Synthesis of High Concentrate Methane from
Biogas Methanation over 20% Ni-Mg-Al2O3 Catalyst
Danbee Han, Yunji Kim, Hyunseung Byun, and Youngsoon Baek*
Department of Environment-energy engineering, University of
Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-BE-005 005
Effects of O2 and CO2 as Oxidizing Agnet on Syngas (or
Hydrogen) Production from Biogas
Danbee Han, Yunji Kim, Hyunseung Byun, and Youngsoon Baek*
Department of Environment-energy engineering, University of
Suwon, Gyenggi-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-BE-006 006
Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Organosolv Lignin from
Herbaceous Biomass : The Influence of Temperature
Hye Won Kim1, Ga Hee Kim2, and Byung Hwan Um2,*
1Bioenergy Research, GRI Co., Ltd, Anseong, Republic of Korea 2Department of Chemical engineering, Hankyong National
University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-BE-007 007
A Study on The Tar Reduction of Syngas in Bio-Oil
Gasification Process
Jae Gyu Hwang, Dong Hyuk Choi, Seong Wan Hong,
Seung Hyeon Hong, and Hang Seok Choi*
Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University,
Wonju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-BE-008 008
Water Recycling of Microalgal Cultivations for
Sustainable Biodiesel Production
Sungjun An, Nakyeong Lee, Mikyoung Jung, Young-Eun Kim,
Myeonghwa Park, and You-Kwan Oh*
School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Busan National
University, Busan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-BE-009 009
Bioelectrochemical Acetate Production from Carbon
Dioxide: Microbial Dynamics and Electron Mediator
Junhyung Kim1, Young-Eun Kim1, Young Eun Song1, Eunhee Seol1,
Soo Youn Lee2, Jung Rae Kim1, and You-Kwan Oh1,*
1School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Busan National
University, Busan, Republic of Korea2Gwangju Bioenergy R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy
Research (KIER), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
AFORE 2019 27
E&LCT : Environment&Low Carbon Technology
P-E&LCT-001 010
Application of Microbubble/Catalyst System for
High-Concentration Livestock Wastewater Reuse and
Pollutant Removal
Donggwan Lee, Yee Paek, Jin Kyung Kwon, And
Jae Kyung Jang*
Department of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of
Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-E&LCT-002 011
Non-Catalytic Reduction of N2O with C3H8 in
Oxy-CFBC
Min-Kyu Jeon, Young-Kon Choi, Chung-Kyu Lee, Sang-In Keel,
and Jin-Han Yun*
Korea Dept. of Environmental Machinery, Korea Institute of
Machinery & Materials, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-E&LCT-003 012
Characteristics Research of de-NOX in Oxy-Fuel
Combustion for the Application of Power Generation
Facilities
Young-Kon Choi, Min-Kyu Jeon, Chung-Kyu Lee, Sang-In Keel,
and Jin-Han Yun*
Korea Dept. of Environmental Machinery, Korea Institute of
Machinery & Materials, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-E&LCT-004 013
Design of a Reactor of Gas Scrubber based on Similitude
Theory
Jonghyuk Yoon, Hyoungwoon Song*, and Hee Suk Jung
Plant Process Development Center, Institute for Advanced
Engineering, Yongin, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-E&LCT-005 014
Effect of Heat Recovery Equipment in a Reactor of
Scrubber System
Jonghyuk Yoon, Hyoungwoon Song*, and Hee Suk Jung
Plant Process Development Center, Institute for Advanced
Engineering, Yongin, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-E&LCT-006 015
Estimation of Monthly Average Daily Radiation in
Mongolia Using Angstrom-Prescott Regression Models
Sainbold Saranchimeg1, Nirmal K.C. Nair1, Enebish Namjil2,*,
Molor Sharkhuu2, and Mendbayar Bayarsaikhan2
1University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand2Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of
Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-E&LCT-007 016
Study on Renewable Energy Utilization in Energy
Self-Sufficient Rural Areas in South Korea
Jin Young Kim1, Alice Downham1, Hyun-Goo Kim1,*,
Yong-Heack Kang1, Sangmin Cho2, Seung Moon Lee2,
Chang-Yeol Yun1, and Chang Ki Kim1
1New and Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea 2New and Renewable Energy Team, Korea Energy and Economic
Institute, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-E&LCT-008 017
GIS-Based Analysis of Potential Agro-Residue Biomass
Resources and Bioenergy Plant Locations in the
Republic of Korea
Alice Downham, Jin-Young Kim, and Hyun-Goo Kim*
New-Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea Institute
of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
ESS/SG&MG : Energy Storage System / Smart Grid&Micro Grid
P-ESS/SG&MG-001 018
Optimization of ESS Container Air Conditioning System
through Thermal Flow Analysis
Jun Young Kim*, Jae Ho Choi, and Jae Woo Park
New & Renewable Energy Material Development Center of the
Jeonbuk National University, Buan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-ESS/SG&MG-002 019
Possibilities of Using Gravity Storage for Very Large
Scale Solar Power Generation in Mongolia
Namjil Enebish1,*, Eduard R. Heindl2, and Zolbayar Jargalsaikhan3
1Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of
Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia2Department of Business Computing, Furtwangen University,
Furtwangen, Germany3Department of Physics Engineering, Khovd State University,
Mongolia
*corresponding author ([email protected])
28 AFORE 2019
GE : Geothermal Energy
P-GE-001 020
Heating Effects Analysis of Heat Pump System Using
Underground Spring Water in Jeju
YounKoo Kang*, SeokHo Park, and JongPil Moon
Protected Horticulture Research Institute, NIHHS, RDA, Haman,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-GE-002 021
Cooling and Heating Performance Simulation of
Ground-Source Heat Pump System in School Building
Byonghu Sohn*, and Jaesik Kang
Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology,
Goyang, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-GE-003 022
Thermal Property Measurement of Bentonite-Based
Grout and Their Effects on Design Length of VGHE
Byonghu Sohn1,*, Kwang Soo Kim1, and Hyo Jae Lim2
1Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology
(KICT), Goyang, Republic of Korea 2Geothermal Education Center, Hoseo University, Asan, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
HF : Hydrogen&Fuel Cell
P-HF-001 023
Plasma-Catalyst Combined Reforming Technology for
Hydrogen Porduction
Dae Hyun Choi*, and Tai Hyeop Lho
Plasma Technology Research Center, National Fusion Research
Institute, Gunsan , Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-002 024
A Study on the Real-Time Monitoring Center System for
Energy Filling Station
Yeon Jin Ku, Pil Jong Kim, Dong Hwan Kim, Song Hyun Park, and
Yun Sil Huh*
Korea Gas Safety Corporation, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-003 025
A Study on Real Time Monitoring System of
LPG-Hydrogen Combined Fueling Stations
Song Hyun Park, Dong Hwan Kim, Yeon Jin Ku, Pil Jong Kim, and
Yun Sil Huh*
Korea Gas Safety Corporation, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-004 026
A Study on the Analysis of Operational Monitoring Data
Based on the Verification of the Hydrogen Multi Energy
Filling Station
Dong Hwan Kim, Song Hyun Park, Yeon Jin Ku, Pil Jong Kim, and
Yun Sil Huh*
Korea Gas Safety Corporation, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-005 027
A Hazard Assessment of Fuel Systems for Application to
Unmanned Aircraft
Jun-Young Kang, Gun-Woo Oh, Min-Woo Kim, Hyo-Jung Bang,
and Jung-Woon Lee*
Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-006 028
A Study on Risk Assessment of Alkaline Water
Electrolysis System and Application of Safety Standards
Min-Woo Kim, Ji-Hye Kim, Eun-Kyung Lee, and Jung-Woon Lee*
Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-007 029
Examination of Applicable Laws and Regulations for
Wind Power-Water Electrolysis-Fuel Cell
Interconnection System
Ji-Hye Kim, Min-Woo Kim, Eun-Kyung Lee*, and
Jung-Woon Lee
Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-008 030
Analysis of Safety Performance Evaluation Results for
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack
Gun-Woo Oh, Tae-Sung Park, and Eun-Kyung Lee*
Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
AFORE 2019 29
P-HF-009 031
A Study on the High Pressure Tank for the Development
of Fuel Cell System for Drone
Gun Woo Oh*, Hyojoong Bang, Jung Woon Lee, and
Jun Young Kang
Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-010 032
A Study on the Standardization of Fuel Cell Efficiency
Evaluation Method for Building
Gun Woo Oh*, Jung Woon Lee, and Eun Kyung Lee
Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-011 033
A Study on the Demonstration Evaluation of Fuel Cell for
Building by Fuel Gas Composition
Soo-Jin Han, Min-Woo Kim, Gun-Woo Oh, Jung-Woon Lee*, and
Hyo-Jung Bang
Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-012 034
A Facile Synthesis of Pd/C Catalyst with Outstanding
Dispersion for Fuel Cells
Jin Ho Hyun1,2, Dongchul Park2, Seok-Hee Park2, and
Gu-Gon Park1,2,*
1Department of Advanced Energy and System Engineering,
University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea2Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-013 035
Utilizing Waste Copper Cable Wires for the
Development of High-Performance Electrode for
Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Pravin Babar, and Jin Hyeok Kim*
Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center, Department of
Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-014 036
An Earth-Abundant, Amorphous Cobalt-Iron-Borate
(Co-Fe-Bi) Prepared on Ni Foam as Highly Efficient and
Durable Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution
Umesh P. Suryawanshi, and Jin Hyeok Kim*
Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Optoelectronics
Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-015 037
Studying the Behavior of Different Stack Designs of
Planar SOFC and Their Effects on Flow Uniformity
Fueled with Biogas
Muhammad Adeel Ashraf1,2, Kashif Rashid2,1,
Iman Rahimipetroudi1,2, and Sang Keun Dong2,1,*
1Department of Advanced Energy and System Engineering, Korea
University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of
Korea2Thermal Energy System Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research (KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-016 038
Feasibility Study on the Application of Fuel Cell for the
Greenhouse
Chul-sung Lee*, Seungwook Shin, Milan Park, Juhyun An, and
Yoon-Ho Park
Future Agricultural Division, Rural Research Institute, Ansan,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected] .kr)
P-HF-017 039
Model-Based Fault Diagnosis for the Air Supply System
of a Residential PEMFC
Jinyeon Won1,2, Minjin Kim2,3, Won-Yong Lee2,
Yoon-Young Choi2, Jongsup Hong1,*, and Hwanyeong Oh2,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul,
Republic of Korea 2Korea Institute of Energy research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea3Department of Advence Energy and System engineering, Korea
University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-018 040
Accelerated Durability Test of 3M 729/PTFE Reinforced
Membranes for PEMFC
Hyejin Lee1, Sung-Hee Shin1, Pratama Juniko Nur1,2, Sojeong Lee1,
Dongwon Shin1, and Byungchan Bae1,2,*
1Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea2Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, University of
Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
30 AFORE 2019
P-HF-019 041
Preparation and Characterization of Polymeric Radical
Scavenger for Chemically Stable Proton Exchange
Membrane
Byeol-Nim Lee1,2, Abdul kodir1,2, Sung-Hee Shin1, Dongwon Shin1,
and Byungchan Bae1,2,*
1Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea2Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, University of
Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-020 042
A Study on Hydrocarbon-Based Membrane Electrode
Assembly for Building Application Fuel Cells
Seunghee Woo, Sung-Dae Yim, and Seok-Hee Park*
Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER),
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-021 043
System Operation and Evaluation for 5kW
High-Temperature PEMFC Stack
Min-Goo Choi1,2, Minjin Kim1,2, Young-Jun Sohn1,2,
Seung-Gon Kim1, Ji-Hong Kim1, Sungkun Lee3,
Jae-Hoon Jeong3, and Haneul Lee3
1Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea 2Department of Advance Energy and System Technology, Korea
University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea3Dong-A FuelCell CO., LTD, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-022 044
CFD Analysis for Optimizing Superheater BOP for High
Temperature Steam Production for Use in an SOEC
Yun Ji Kim1, Hyun Seung Byun1, Seong Ryong Park2,
Chong Pyo Cho2, and Young Soon Baek1,*
1Department of Environment-Energy, Suwon University, Hwaseong,
Republic of Korea 2Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-HF-023 045
Retracted by the authors
ME : Marine Energy
P-ME-001 046
Retracted by the authors
P-ME-002 047
A Numerical Open Water Test of a Horizontal Axis Tidal
Stream Turbine Using SOWFA Library
Heebum Lee*
New & Renewable Energy Group, Central Research Institute, Korea
Hydro and Nuclear Power, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-ME-003 048
Design and Performance Evaluation of the Moduleraft
Wave Energy Converter in Regular Waves
Watchara Tongphong1, Byung-Ha Kim1, In Cheol Kim1,
Dong Hoon Oh2, and Young-Ho Lee3,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, Korea
Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Republic of Korea 2Hwajin Enterprise.co., LTD, Republic of Korea3Division of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean
University, Busan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
PV : Photovoltaics
P-PV-001 049
Investigating the Impact of Sputtering Parameters on
Barrier Layer and Back Contact in Flexible CIGS Solar
Cell
Muhammad Awais1,2, Soomin Song1, Kim kihwan1,2,
Donghyeop Shin1, Jihye Gwak1,2,*, and Young-Joo Eo1,2,*
1Photovoltaic Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research
(KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea 2Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, University of
Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected], [email protected]), presenting author ([email protected])
P-PV-002 050
Particle Distribution Characteristics of Rotary Mist
Spraying Device in an Evaporative Salt Water
Desalination System Using Solar Energy
Young Sun Ryou*, Jae Kyung Jang, Hyoung Kweon Kim,
Young Hwa Kim, Tae Suk Lee, Sung Sik Oh, Byung Ok Jin,
Gyoung Min Oh, and Tae Kyoung Kang
Department of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of
Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-003 051
Gompertz Model-Based Regression of Photovoltaic
Power Generation and Solar Irradiance
Alba Vilanova Cortezon1,2, Bo-Young Kim1, Chang Ki Kim1, and
Hyun-Goo Kim1,*
1New-Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea Institute
AFORE 2019 31
of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea2Higher Polytechnic School, University of Lleida, 25001 Lleida,
Spain
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-004 052
Power Estimation for Analyzing the Degradation Rate
and Failure Diagnosis of Photovoltaic Systems Based on
Machine Learning
Wonwook Oh1,*, Minhyeok Lee2, Hoonjoo Choi1, Jin-Chel Moon3,
Donghwan Kim4, Nochang Park5, and Junhee Seok2,*
1STECO Corporation, Research & Development center, Republic of
Korea2Korea University, School of Electrical Engineering, Republic of
Korea3Chungbuk Technopark, Solar Technical Center, Republic of Korea4Korea University, Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, Republic of Korea5Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Electronic Convergence
Material & Device Research Center, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-005 053
Growth of Cubic SnS for Solar Cell Applications: Effect
of Substrates and Seed Layers
KrishnaRao Eswar Neerugatti, and Jaeyeong Heo*
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and
Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National
University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-006 054
The Ifluence of Growth Temperature and Duration on
Vapor Transport Deposited Tin Monosulfide for
Thin-Films Solar Cells
Jae Yu Cho, and Jaeyeong Heo*
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and
Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National
University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-007 055
Development of Silicon Recycling Technology Using
Supercritial CO2 and Hexane
Hyo Seok Lee, Jae Yu Cho, and Jaeyeong Heo*
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and
Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National
University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-008 056
Development Strategy of Floating Photovoltaic System
for Offshore Environment
Jungsoo Suh*
Green Energy Research Center, KHNP Central Research Institute,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-009 057
Recent Trend of Floating Photovolatics and Prespective
in the South of Korea
SeungWook Shin*, Chul-sung Lee, MiLan Park, Juhyun An, and
Yoon-Ho Park
Future Agricultural Research Division, Water Resources &
Environment Research Group, Korea Rural Community
Corporation, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-010 058
Operational Issues and Prespective for Floating
Photovolatic by Field Investigations
SeungWook Shin*, Chul-sung Lee, MiLan Park, Juhyun An, and
Yoon-Ho Park
Future Agricultural Research Division, Water Resources &
Environment Research Group, Korea Rural Community
Corporation, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-011 059
A Study on Efficiency Enhancement Technique on Solar
PV System Using Solar Irridance Model
Prakash Thapa1, Jin Lee1, Soon Youl So1, Sung Gi Kwon1, Kil Ju Na2,
and Gye-Choon Park1,*
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Mokpo National University,
Mokpo, Republic of Korea2Department of Radiology, Mokpo Science University, Mokpo,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-012 060
Performance Analysis of Rooftop Photovoltaic System
Jung-Jae Park1, Juhee Jang2, Minsu Shin2, Tae Wook Kim1,
Sook Kyung Lee1, Chi Yong Park1, and Kyung-Soo Lee2,*
1Green Energy Research Center, New & Renewable Energy Group,
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power, Republic of Korea 2Department of Energy & Electrical Engineering, Korea Polytechnic
University
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-013 061
The Effect of Ge Doping on Kesterite Solar Cell
Depending on Stacking Order
32 AFORE 2019
Byeong Hoon Lee, and Jin Hyeok Kim*
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam
National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-014 062
Elucidating the Role of Annealing Temperature on Stack
and Co-Puttered Precursors in CZTSSe Thin Film Solar
Cells
Vijay C. Karade, and Jin Hyeok Kim*
Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center, Department of
Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-015 063
Nanostructured Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) Thin Film for
Broadband (VIS-NIR) Photodetection
Kuldeep Singh Gour, and Jin Hyeok Kim*
Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center and Department of
Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-016 064
Experimental Study on Energy Saving Potential of
BAPV Systems for Rural Housing
Chul-sung Lee, MiLan Park*, SeungWook Shin, Juhyun An, and
Yoon-Ho Park*
Future Agricultural Division, Rural Research Institute, Ansan,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-017 065
Retracted by the authors
P-PV-018 066
Power Generation Monitoring and Prediction Modeling
of Flexible CIGS-PV Modules According to
Meteorological Environments
SangWoon Lee1, Seung Gon Lee1, Jin Hyeon Oh2,
Woo-Jin Choi3, Chang-Sik Son2, and Donghyun Hwang2,*
1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Busan National
University, Busan, Republic of Korea 2Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Silla University,
Busan, Republic of Korea3Energy Convergence Technology Center, Silla University, Busan,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-019 067
The Characteristics of CIGS Thin-Film Solar Cells Using
Sputtering Based Two-Step Process
Young-Ill Kim1, Dong-Hwan Jeon1, Si-Nae Park1, Se-Yun Kim1,
Dae-Hwan Kim1, Jin-Kyu Kang1, Shi-Joon Sung1, Juran Kim2,
William Jo2, Hyesun Yoo3, JunHo Kim3, Dae-Hwan Kim1,*, and
Kee-Jeong Yang1,*
1Division of Energy Technology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea2Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic
of Korea3Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected]/[email protected])
P-PV-020 068
Influence of Buffer Layer Thickness on
Semi-Transparent Ultrathin CIGS Solar Cells
Dong Ryeol Kim1,2, Sang Su Shin1,3, Ara Cho1, Jun-Sik Cho1,
Ahreum Lee1, Jae Ho Yun1, Ho Seong Lee2, and
Joo Hyung Park1,*
1Photovoltaics Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea 2School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National
University, Daegu, Republic of Korea3Department of Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National
University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-021 069
Thickness and Composition Variation Study of
Zn(O, S) Buffer Layer in Semi-Transparent Ultra-Thin
CIGS Solar Cell Structure
Sang Su Shin1,2, Dong Ryeol Kim1,3, Kihwan Kim1, Jinsu Yoo1,
Donghyeop Shin1, Inyoung Jeong1, Seung Kyu Ahn1,
Jun-Sik Cho1, Jihye Gwak1, Jonghoo Park2, and Joo Hyung Park1,*
1Photovoltaics Laboratory, Korea Institution of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea2Department of Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National
University, Daegu, Republic of Korea3School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National
University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-022 070
Development of BIPV Module for Roof Installation
Based on the Survey on the Installation Type of
Residential PV System
Hwan Ho Kim, Sang Yoon Lee, Hyo Mun Lee, and Jong Ho Yoon*
Department of Architectural Engineering, Hanbat National
University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
AFORE 2019 33
P-PV-023 071
Development Strategy of Field Test Studies of Rooftop
Photovoltaic System
Jung-Jae Park*, Tae Wook Kim, Sook Kyung Lee, and
Chi Yong Park
Green Energy Research Center, New & Renewable Energy Group,
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-024 072
Fabrication and Characterization of Earth-abundant
Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin-film Solar Cells using a Single-stage
Co-evaporation Method: Effects of Film Growth
Temperatures on Device Performances
Muhammad Rehan1,2, Hyeonmin Jeon1,3, Yunae Cho1,
Muhammad Awais1,2, Ara Cho1,2, Kihwan Kim1, Jun-Sik Cho1,
Jae Ho Yun1, Jihye Gwak1,2,*, and Donghyeop Shin1,*
1Photovoltaics Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research
(KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea 2Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, University of
Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea3Department of Material Science Engineering, Korea Advanced
Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected], [email protected])
P-PV-025 073
Effect of Annealing Conditions for Chalcogenide Based
CTS Thin Film Solar Cells
In Jae Lee, and Jin Hyeok Kim*
Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center, Department of
Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected]), presenting author ([email protected])
P-PV-026 074
Effect of Ga Ratio on Transparent Conductive Mg and
Ga Co-doped ZnO(MGZO) Thin Films Prepared by RF
Magnetron Sputtering System for Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4
Thin-Film Solar Cells
Dong Min Lee, and Jin Hyeok Kim*
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam
National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-027 075
Retracted by the authors
P-PV-028 076
Retracted by the authors
P-PV-029 077
The Effect of Atomic Layer Deposition of Zn(O,S)
Buffer Latyer on the Performance of CIGSSE Thin Film
Solar Cell
Woo-Jin Choi1, Jae Hong Park2, Jung Hwan Park2,
Chang-Sik Son2, and Donghyun Hwang2,*
1Energy Convergence Technology Center, Silla University, Busan,
Republic of Korea2Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Silla University,
Busan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-030 078
Development of Heat Dissipation Solar Module with
Graphite Sheet
Seong Hwan Kang1,2, Jae Woo Park1, Joon Young Kim1,
In Sung Jung1, and Jae Ho Choi1*
1New Renewable Energy Material Development Center of Chonbuk
University.2Department of Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk University,
Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-031 079
Hybrid Nano- and Micro-Scale Metal Fibers for
Transparent Conductor in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Film Solar
Cell Applications
Dae-Hyung Cho1,*, Hong Seok Jo2, Woo-Jung Lee1,
Myeong Eon Kim1, Tae-Gun Kim2, Sam S. Yoon2, and
Yong-Duck Chung1,3
1ICT Creative Research Laboratory, Electronics and
Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of
Korea 2School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul,
Republic of Korea 3Department of Advanced Device Technology, Korea University of
Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-032 080
Real-Time Analysis of Temperature/Relative Humidity
in c-Si PV Module under Tropical and Moderate Climate
Jae Seong Jeong1,*, Sung Hyun Kim1, Hoon Oh2,
Myung Ick Hwang2, and Saiful Huque3
1New and Renewable Energy Research Center, Korea Electronics
Technology Institute (KETI), Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea 2Photovoltaic R&D Division, Hyundai Energy Solutions Co., Ltd.,
Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea3Institute of Renewable energy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka,
Bangladesh
*corresponding author ([email protected])
34 AFORE 2019
P-PV-033 081
Properties of Thermally Evaporated Titanium Dioxide as
an Electron-Selective Contact for Silicon Solar Cells
Changhyun Lee1, Soohyun Bae1, HyunJung Park1, Dongjin Choi1,
Hoyoung Song1, Hyunju Lee3, Yoshio Ohshita3, Yoonmook Kang2,
Hae-Seok Lee1, and Donghwan Kim1,*
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
University, Seoul, Republic of Korea2KU-KIST Green School, Graduate School of Energy and
Environment, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea3Semiconductor Laboratory, Toyota Technological Institute,
Nagoya, 468-8511, Japan
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-034 082
Fabrication of Large-Area CIGS Solar Cell to for
Industrial Applications
Soomin Song1, Young-Joo Eo1,2, Kihwan Kim1,2, SeungKyu Ahn1,2,
Jihye Gwak1,2, Ara Cho1,2, Jun-Sik Cho1,2, SeJin AHN1,2,
DongHyeop Shin1, Inyoung Jeong1, Yunae Cho1, Joo Hyung Park1,2,
Jin Su Yoo1,2, and JaeHo Yun1,2,*
1Photovoltaic Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea 2University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected]) presenting author ([email protected])
P-PV-035 083
Understanding of the Role of Polysilicon Layer in
Passivating Contact Solar Cells
HyunJung Park1, Se Jin Park1, Sohyun Bae1, Ji Yeon Hyun1,
Chang Hyun Lee1, Dongjin Choi1, Dongkyun Kang1, Hyebin Han1,
Yoonmook Kang2, Hae-Seok Lee2, and Donghwan Kim1,2,*
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 2KU-KIST Green School Graduate School of Energy and
Environment, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-036 084
Effect of Na in Improvement in Morphology and
Electrical Parameters of Solution-Processed CuInSe2
(CISe) Solar Cell Devices
Yasir Siddique1,3, Jihyun Moon1,2, Tanka Raj Rana1, Byungsung O2,
Seung Kyu Ahn1, and SeJin Ahn1,3*
1Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Daejeon, Korea 2Chungnam University, Daejeon, Korea3University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PV-037 085
Silver-PDT Effect on Co-Evaporated CIGS
IGS(Cu(In,Ga)Se2) Thin Film Solar Cells
Jiseon Hwang1,4, Yunae Cho1, Jae Ho Yun2,3, Young-Joo Eo1,3,
Jihye Gwak1,3, Ara Cho1,3, Joo Hyung Park1, Se Jin Ahn1,3,
Jin Su Yoo1,3, Seung Kyu Ahn1,3, Jun Sik Cho1,3, Kihwan Kim1,3,*, and
Kyuseung Han4
1Photovoltaics Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research
(KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea 2New and Renewable Energy Institute, Korea Institute of Energy
Research (KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea 3Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, University of
Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea 4Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry,
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected], [email protected]),presenting author ([email protected])
P-PV-038 086
Mecanism Study of Buffer Layer in CIGS Solar Cells
Donghyeok Shin1,2, Soomin Song1, Ju Hyung Park1,
Inyoung Jeong1, Seung Kyu Ahn1, Sangmin Lee1, SeJin Ahn1,
Jae Ho Yun1, Jihye Gwak1, Young-Joo Eo1, Jun Sik Cho1,
Jin Su Yu1, Kihwan Kim1, Donghyeop Shin1, Yonggook Son2, and
Ara Cho1,3,*
1Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Daejeon, Republic of
Korea2Busan University, Busan, Republic of Korea3University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
PN : Policy Strategy&NewBusiness
P-PN-001 087
Investigations on New On-Shore Wind Farm Sites Using
Geographic Information System
Sajid Ali1,2, and Choon-Man Jang1,2,*
1Construction Environment Engineering, University of Science &
Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea2Department of Land, Water and Environmental Research, Korea
Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT),
Goyang-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])presenting author ([email protected])
P-PN-002 088
An Analysis on Relationships between Renewable
Energy Utilization and GDP: Comparative Study
between Indonesia and South Korea
Desy Caesary1, Sang-Don Lee2, Seo Young Song1, Soo Jin Jang1,
and Myung Jin Nam1,*
1Department of Energy and Mineral Resource Engineering,
Geophysical Prospecting Lab, Sejong University, Republic of
Korea2INNOGEO Technologies Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected],[email protected])
AFORE 2019 35
P-PN-003 089
Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment and
Adaptation Measures of Korean Industries
Kyung Soon Park1, Seung Jun Park2, In Chul Hwang3,
Seong Kon Lee4,*, and Jung Hoon Park5,*
1CDM Certification Center, Korea Energy Agency, Ulsan, Korea
and Department of New & Renewable Energy Engineering,
Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea2Energy Technology Team, Incheon Regional Headquarter, Korea
Energy Agency and Department of New & Renewable Energy
Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea3Department of New & Renewable Energy Engineering, Dongguk
University, Seoul, Republic of Korea4Energy Policy Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea5Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk
University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected], [email protected])
P-PN-004 090
The Resident Acceptability for Photovoltaic System in
Rural Site by Survey Analysis Method
MiLan Park*, SeungWook Shin, Chul-sung Lee, Juhyun An, and
Yoon-Ho Park
Future Agricultural Research Division, Water Resources &
Environment Research Group, Korea Rural Community
Corporation, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PN-005 091
Analysis of Climate Technology & Finance (Mitigation
field) - in Relation to Multilateral Development Banks
Joo Young LEE, and Su Hyeon Han*
Division of Policy Research, Green Technology Center, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PN-006 092
The Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources in
the Asia-Pacifc Region
Youngsun Kim*, And Sanghoon Ji
Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea
Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT),
Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PN-007 093
A Financial Analysis of Roof Solar Photovoltaic Power
Generation Using CIGS
Taewook Kim*
New and Renewable Energy Group, Central Research Institute,
KHNP, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PN-008 094
A Comparative Analysis of Relative Weight between
Criteria to Be Applied in the Selection of New Project of
the Regional Energy Plan
Seongkon Lee1,*, Kwangho Lee2, Gento Mogi2, and Youngjin Ha1
1Energy Policy Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea2Department of Technology Management for Innovation, The
University of Tokyo, Japan
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-PN-009 095
Technical Classificaion Reflecting Energy Industry
Characteristics in Case of Energy Efficiency Sector
Seongkon Lee*, Kyeongtaek Kim, Woonho Baek, Ran Yoo,
Jeeyoung Choi, and Jiseok Ahn
Energy Policy Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SH : Small Hydro Power
P-SH-001 096
Flow Induced Vibration in a Two-stage Turbine for
Pumped Storage Hydropower Plant
Jungwan Park*, Jin Woo Yang, and Koon Jang
Green Energy Research Center, KHNP-CRI, Daejeon, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
ST : Solar Thermal
P-ST-001 097
Retracted by the authors
P-ST-002 098
Techno-Economic Analysis of Integrated Renewable
Energy Systems with Energy Storage Systems for Plus
Energy Communities
Min Hwi Kim*, and Jongkyu Kim
Solar Thermal Convergence Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-ST-003 099
A Study on the Dehumidifying System for Green House
Sueng Gun Hyun1, Jong Woo Kim1, Kwang Soo Ko1, and
Youn Cheol Park2,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, Jeju
36 AFORE 2019
National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University,
Jeju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-ST-004 100
Renewable Energy Implementation Potential of Zero
Energy Community for Smart City
Min-Hwi Kim1,*, Jae-ho Yun2, and Jongkyu Kim1
1Solar Thermal Convergence Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea2New and Renewable Energy Institute, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-ST-005 101
Retracted by the authors
WU : Wasted Energy&Utilization
P-WU-001 102
Comparison of Biogas Productivity between Practical
and Theoretical Methodology in Biogasification of
Organic Wastes
Hee Sung Moon, Jun Hwa Kwon, Won Seok Lee, Sun Kyung Shin,
and Dong Jin Lee*
Environmental Resources Research Department, National Institute
of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WU-002 103
Assessement of Operating for Eco-Friendly Heating
System Using Waste Cooking Oil and Analysis of
Greenhouse Gas Emission in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Hyung Don Lee1,*, Hyouk Jin Yun2, In Seok Yun2, and
Seong Wan Yun2
1Water Environment Center, Korea Testing Laboratory, Seoul,
Republic of Korea 2Institute of Technology, FLINT LAB, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WU-003 104
A Preliminary Thermo-Economic Assessment of sCO2
Power Cycle for Waste Heat Utilization Using Dry
Cooling
Hafiz Ali Muhammad1,2, Beomjoon Lee2, Junhyun Cho2,
Gilbong Lee2, and Young-jin Baik1,2,*
1Dept. of Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Science and
Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea2Energy Efficiency and Material Research Division, Korea Institute
of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WU-004 105
A Case Study on the Incombustibles of Industrial Wastes
Sent into Incineration Facilities in Korea
Won-Seok Yang, Kyuyeon Kim*, Gyung-Goo Choi, Su-Young Lee,
Jun-Gu Kang, Won-Seok Lee, and Sun-Kyoung Shin
Waste–to-Energy Division, National Institute of Environmental
Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WU-005 106
Recycling and Separation of Landfill Excavation
Containing Combustible Waste in Korea
Su-Young Lee, Kyuyeon Kim*, Gyung-Goo Choi, Won-Seok Yang,
Won-Seok Lee, and Sun-Kyoung Shin
Waste–to-Energy Division, National Institute of Environmental
Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WU-006 107
The Study of Pilot Scale Thermal Plasma Combustion
and Gasification System for Waste Plastic Treatment in
Cement Process
Kyu Hang Lee, Tae Wook Kim, Pil Jung Kim, Soo Min Lee, and
Byung Koo Son*
Division of Plasma Convergence R&BD, Cheorwon Plasma
Research Institute, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WU-007 108
CFD Study on the Entrained Flow Gasification of
Bio-Oil
Myung Kyu Choi, Jae Gyu Hwang, Dong Hyuk Choi,
Seong Wan Hong, Seung Hyeon Hong, and Hang Seok Choi*
Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University,
Wonju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WU-008 109
Fast Pyrolysis of Coffee Ground in a Bench-Scale
Tilted-Slide Reactor
Yong Su Kwon1, Sang Kyu Choi1,2,*, Yeon Seok Choi1,2,
So Young Han2, Seock Joon Kim2, and Yeon Woo Jeong2
1Department of Environment and Energy Mechanical Engineering
University of Science and Technology Daejeon, Republic of Korea2Department of Clean Fuel & Power Generation Korea Institute of
Machinery & Materials Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
AFORE 2019 37
P-WU-009 110
A Study on the Melting Characteristics of Sweage Sludge
under Oxygen Enrichment Conditions
Young Su Park*, Yong Taek Lim, Soo Nam Park, Dong Kyu Park,
Dong Ju Kim, and Bup Mook Jeong
Plant Engineering Center, Institute for Advcanced Engineering,
Youngin, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WU-010 111
A Study on Melting Properties of Sludge by Basicity
Bup Mook Jeong, Dong Ju Kim, and Yeong Su Park*
Plant Engineering Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WU-011 112
Retracted by the authors
P-WU-012 113
Thermogravimetric Analysis of Mixture of ASR and
Coffee Ground and Characteristics of Pyrolysis Oil
So Young Han*, Yeon Seok Choi, and Sang Kyu Choi
Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WU-013 114
A Study on K, Cl Removal Characteristics for Cement
Kiln Dust using Organic Acids
Dong-ju Kim*, Min-Hye Seo, and Sung-Su Cho
Plant Engineering Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering,
Yongin-si, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WU-014 115
Air Pollutant Emission Characteristics of Biodrying
Sewage Sludge in Pilot Scale Combustion Melting
Furnace
Dong-ju Kim, Dong-Kyoo Park, Bup-Mook Jeong, Soo-Nam Park,
Yong-Tack Lim, and Yeong-su Park*
Plant Engineering Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering,
Yongin-si, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
WE : Wind Energy
P-WE-001 116
Fatigue Life Evaluation of Offshore Wind Turbine
Support Structure under Variable Ocean Load
Gee Nam Lee1, and Dong Hyawn Kim2,*
1Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Kunsan National
University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea 2School of Architecture and Coastal Construction Engineering,
Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WE-002 117
Retracted by the authors
P-WE-003 118
A Vibration Suppression Controller for Vertical Axis
wind Turbine Systems Having Tower Model
Wonseok Ha, Daehan Kim, and Juhoon Back*
School of Robotics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WE-004 119
Study of Optimal Layout Metamodel for Offshore Wind
Farm in Korea
JoongJin Shin1, and YoungWoo Rhee2,*
1Hydropower Design & Technology Group, Central Research
Institute, KHNP, Daejeon, Republic of Korea 2Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology Chungnam
National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WE-005 120
Structural Optimization for Weight Lightening and
Fatigue Life Securing of Wind Turbine Composite Blade
Yun-Jung Jang1, and Ki-Weon Kang2,*
1Institute of Offshore Wind Energy, Kunsan National University,
Kunsan, Republic of Korea 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kunsan National
University, Kunsan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WE-006 121
Numerical Study on the Air-Conditioning Performance
of Datacenter According to Rack Layout and Air Guide
Application
Sungjin Yang*, Myungsung Lee, and Joo Han Kim
Intelligent Mechatronics Research Center, Korea Electronics
Technology Institute, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
38 AFORE 2019
P-WE-007 122
Analysis of Kite-Based High-Altitude Wind Energy
Conversion
Ho Seong Yang1, In Cheol Kim1, and Young Ho Lee2,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, KMOU, Busan, Republic
of Korea 2Division of Mechanical Engineering, KMOU, Busan, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WE-008 123
Design and Optimization Methodology of 10kW
Horizontal Axis Wind Lens
Ali Alkhabbaz1, InCheol Kim1, TaeMoo Shim2, and Young-Ho Lee3,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, Korea
Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Republic of Korea 2HYDROKOREA Company, Suwon, Republic of Korea 3Division of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean
University, Busan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
P-WE-009 124
A Study on the Employment Creation and Effects of the
Korean Government’s R&D Investment in the Wind
Industry
Tae Hyung Kim, and Seong Ho Song*
Department of Electronical Engineering, Kwangwoon University,
Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Abstracts
Special Sessions AbstractsS.S.I Hydrogen Energy-Special Session 43
S.S.II Flexible inorganic thin-film-solar cell technology for urban power 43distribution
S.S.III Floating Photovoltaics (FPV) 47
S.S.IV International Workshop on Super Grid in Northeast Asia 48
S.S.V Saemangeum Cluster : National Innovation Hub for Renewable Energy 49
S.S.VI Resource depletion crisis, the only renewable energy source 51in the future : Waste Renewable Energy Special session
S.S.VII Next-Generation Solar Cells for PV Application 53
Special Sessions Abstracts 43
Special Session I
Hydrogen Energy-Special Session
IN-I-001
Outlook of Hydrogen Economy Take-Off in US
Sungwook “Sam” Min*
Department of Marketing, California State University, Long Beach,
California, U.S.A. & Korean American Energy Association
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Deployment of hydrogen-fuel cell technology is still at the
nascent stage worldwide. Will the hydrogen economy take-
off? If so, when and how? The demand projection of hydrogen-
fuel cell applications is promising because hydrogen-enabled
solutions complement the EV economy and aid the achieve-
ment of ambitious goals of renewable deployment in many
countries. However, two issues in the supply side stand out -
(1) the high cost and (2) non-environmentally friendly pro-
duction and delivery of hydrogen. In order for hydrogen
economy to take off, the cost of renewable hydrogen (green
hydrogen) should drop to the level of large-scale fossil-fuel-
synthesized hydrogen (grey hydrogen). To this end, industry
stakeholders have directed their investment to the innova-
tion of the production, storage, transport and distribution of
hydrogen. Nevertheless, most of the hydrogen produced
(95%) in US is made by natural gas reforming in large
central plants. The US D.O.E. set a cost goal of less than
$2-gallon gas equivalent of hydrogen production and pro-
mote research on the integration of renewable energy with
hydrogen production and distribution to speed up hydrogen
economy development and take-off.
IN-I-002
Australian Initiatives to Develop Renewable Energy
Export Systems
Sarb Giddey1,*, and David Harris2
1Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
(CSIRO), Energy Private Bag 10, Clayton South, Vic. 3169,
Australia
2Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
(CSIRO), Energy PO Box 883, Kenmore, Qld. 4069, Australia
*corresponding author ([email protected])
There is a renewed global interest in hydrogen as a renew-
able energy storage and transport media to support decar-
bonization of industrial processes, grid power, agricultural
and transport sectors. Australia has abundant renewable
energy resources (>25, 000GW) comprising solar, wind,
biomass, geothermal and wave energy, and offers some of
the world’s highest potential capacity factors. There is an
opportunity for Australia to use these renewable energy
resources to produce energy carriers, such as hydrogen and
ammonia, for domestic use and for export to countries such
as Japan, South Korea and Singapore. This position is fur-
ther strengthened by Australia’s established expertise and
infrastructure for fuel export (coal, LNG), proximity to
emerging hydrogen import markets, stability (social, econo-
mic and political) in the region and established trading
relationships with importing countries. Australia is actively
pursuing these opportunities through industry, government,
and research strategies and is supporting several R&D and
demonstration projects on a suite of technologies required
to develop these opportunities and create new cross-sector
energy industries which can leverage off Australia’s esta-
blished energy infrastructure. This presentation will summa-
rise Australia’s hydrogen and renewable energy activities,
some of the technologies being developed by CSIRO and
the industrial scale demonstrations being developed across
Australia.
SS-I-001
Korea Hydrogen Economy Roadmap
Tae-Hyun Yang*, and Gu-gon Park
Fuel Cell Research Center,, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The Korean government selected hydrogen as a new growth
engine based on both environmental and economic consi-
derations. In January 2019, Korean government announced
a hydrogen economy roadmap with 2022 and 2040 targets
for FCEVs, FC buses, hydrogen refuelling stations and FC
power plants. The goal of Korean government plans to
foster an increase in the number of FCEVs from 900 in 2018
to 2.9 million by 2040. There are 31 refuelling stations in
Korea in 2019 and the government will boost the number of
refuelling stations upto 310 locations by 2022 and 1,200 by
2040. The government will also look to introduce 40,000
hydrogen-powered buses, 80,000 taxis and 30,000 trucks as
well as nurturing the domestic manufacture of appropriate
auto parts by 2040. Government will support the develop-
ment of hydrogen car as well as the development of hydro-
gen ships, trains and machineries. The government will also
promote the manufacturing of fuel cell power generation to
reach a combined capacity of 15 gigawatts by 2040. Also, it
will look to supply a combined 2.1 gigawatts of fuel cell
capacity to homes and buildings by 2040.
Special Session II
Flexible inorganic thin-film-solar cell technology for urban power distribution
SS-II-001
Vacuum Non-Vacuum Hybrid Process for
Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Film Solar Cell
Yun-Ae Cho, SeJin Ahn, Ara Cho, Jihye Gwak, Seung Kyu Ahn,
Jun Sik Cho, Joo Hyung Park, Jin Soo Yoo, Kihwan Kim,
Donghyeop Shin, In-Young Jeong, Jae Ho Yun, Soomin Song,
Sang-Min Lee, Ahreum Lee, and Young-Joo Eo*
Photovoltaic Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research
(KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected], [email protected])
44 AFORE 2019
In spite of the excellent performance of Cu(In1-xGax)Se2
(CIGS) solar cells, the high production costs of conventional
vacuum-based fabrication processes are hurdles to the
widespread commercialization of CIGS thin film solar cells.
Thus, non-vacuum-based CIGS fabrication processes have
been investigated over the past several years. However, the
non-vacuum solar cell efficiency has been still lower than
that from vacuum-based process due to the poor quality of
CIGS absorber film. Here, we propose a new approach to
solve the issue previously described. To reduce the produc-
tion cost, we have developed a new hybrid process com-
bining vacuum and non-vacuum method. Carbon-free CuS
nano-particle precursors are used as a Cu source material.
(In, Ga)2 Se3 precursor was stacked by thermal evaporation
at low temperature. This stacked CuS/ (In, Ga)Se3 thin film
was selenized to make dense and large-grained CIGS thin
film absorber layer. We present a high quality of CIGS thin
film absorber from our hybrid process by examining the
morphologies, crystal structures, and compositional distri-
butions. And also, we demonstrate its practical possibility
by measuring the conversion efficiency and the external
quantum efficiency for the completed solar cells.
SS-II-002
Improving Performance of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells
by Cesium Post-Deposition Treatments
Hojin Lee1, Yuseong Jang1, Sung-Wook Nam2, Chanwon Jung1,
Pyuck-Pa Choi1, Jihye Gwak3, Jae Ho Yun3, Kihwan Kim3,*, and
Byungha Shin1,*
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
2Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine,
Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
3Photovoltaic Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected], [email protected])
Continuous improvement in efficiency of Cu(In,Ga)Se2
(CIGS) solar cells has been made in recent years with a new
record of 22.9%. Application of postdeposition treatments
(PDTs) with alkali fluoride (KF, RbF, or CsF), beyond the
conventional choice of Na, has been proven to be essential
in the recent performance improvements of CIGS solar
cells. Despite the significant contribution of heavy alkali
element(s) to the production of high-performance CIGS solar
cells, understanding of the mechanism of the efficiency en-
hancement by Rb and/or Cs is nowhere close to the level of
what have been known about Na and K. In this study, we
have systematically investigated the effects of Cs post-
deposition treatment (PDT) on materials properties of CIGS
absorbers as well as on the final photovoltaic devices. With
the optimized CsF-PDT process and a controlled amount of
Cs, the efficiency of a CIGS solar cell improved up to 18.4%,
mainly due to the increase in open-circuit voltage as large as
by 50 mV and fill-factor. Atomic level chemical analysis by
scanning tunneling electron microscopy and atomic probe
tomography revealed a significant accumulation of Cs at the
interfaces of the CIGS―both external interfaces (front CdS/
CIGS and rear CIGS/Mo) and interface interfaces, i.e., grain
boundaries. Photoluminescence measurement, admittance spec-
troscopy and drive-level capacitance profiling were carried
out to investigate internal defects and changes in charge trans-
port mechanisms with and without CsF-PDT. Based on these
results, we conclude that the main beneficial effects by the
CsF-PDT are increase of the hole concentration and passi-
vation of the deep-level defects.
SS-II-003
Influence of Mechanical Stress on the Photovoltaic
Properties of Flexible CIGS Solar Cell
Sungjun Kim, Minjae Kim, Youngjae Lee, and Jeha Kim*
Department of Energy Convergence Engineering, Cheongju
University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
We studied the change of photovoltaic properties of flexible
CuInxGa(1-x)Se2(CIGS) solar cell fabricated on polyimide
(PI) by mechanical bending at the curvature radius of 75
mm (75R) and 20 mm (20R). A multi-layered solar cell can
suffer from performance problems such as collapse of the
inner layer when it is bent or folded under force. In this
study, the flexible CIGS cells flatten on PET film was placed
and forced against the surface of curved block fabricated at
a pre-designed curvature. The up(compressive) and down
(tensile)-bending were applied to a specimen of CIGS on
PET with curvatures 75R and 20R for 10,000 times and 2,000
times, respectively. From J-V measurements, we found that
the conversion efficiency(Eff.) was reduced by 3% and 4%
for up- and down-bending for 75R, and greatly reduced by
15% for 20R in the up-bending. However, the open circuit
voltage (Voc) and the short-circuit current density (Jsc)
appeared to change little within 3% for the mechanical
stresses. The degradation in the conversion efficiency (Eff.)
was found to result from the deterioration of the series
resistance (Rs) and shunt resistance (Rsh) of solar cell.
SS-II-004
The Study of Power Generation Performance
According to Shading of Photovoltaic System with
CIGS Module
Dae Hwan Shin, Tulga Otgonkhishig, Eun Ho Kang, and
Jong Ho Yoon*
Department of Architectural Engineering, Hanbat National
University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Thin film solar cells are lighter and more rollable than con-
ventional glass substrate-based solar cells, so they have a
small volume and are easy to install. In addition, it is ex-
cellent in aesthetics and applicability, and can be expanded
to micro distributed generation such as BIPV (Building
Integrated Photovoltaics) as well as replacing the existing
large capacity power generation market. However, as with
the conventional solar cells, when the shadow occurs, the
performance decreases. Therefore, in this study, the effect of
shading of the solar system using the CIGS module was
Special Sessions Abstracts 45
analyzed, and the power generation characteristics were
analyzed through the I-V curve and power generation effi-
ciency analysis of the module. And measurement data was
analyzed by field mock-up test.
SS-II-005
Colorful Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Film Solar Cells with
Zn-Based Nontoxic Buffer Layer
Yong-Duck Chung1,2,*, Dae-Hyung Cho1, Woo-Jung Lee1,
Myeong Eon Kim1, and Sung-Hoon Hong1
1ICT Creative Research Laboratory, Electronics and
Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of
Korea
2Department of Advanced Device Technology, Korea University of
Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
As an alternative to the environmentally undesirable CdS
buffer layer, Zn(O,S) materials have attracted interest for
use in the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS)-based thin-film solar cells.
The Zn(O,S) thin films were prepared by conventional CBD
and reactive sputtering process with a single ZnS target. For
the reactive sputtering process, O2/Ar mixture gas ratio was
controlled to vary the sulfur-to-oxygen composition ratio.
The solar cell efficiencies were controlled in Zn(O,S) buffer
layer at a different sulfur-to-oxygen ratio. The results suggest
that the high efficiency could be obtained with appropriate
CIGS⁄Zn(O,S) interfaces by controlling the sulfur-to-oxygen
concentration and the chemical composition in the near
surface of the CIGS layer. We also report on color tuning of
CIGS solar cells via controlling the thickness of Cd-free
Zn(O,S) buffer layer and the ITO transparent conducting
layer. And the nano-grating based structural colored layers
were coated on CIGS based thin-film solar cells by direct
nanoimprinting process with spin-on-glass resin. By changing
the pitch and size of nano-gratings, various colorful CIGS
thin film solar cells were successfully demonstrated.
SS-II-006
Flexible Hybrid Tranparent Conducting Films for
Werable Thermal Sensor and Heaters Based on
Metallized Fibers and Nanowires
Hyunjun Seok, Hyuk-Jin Kwon, Hong Seok Jo, and Sam S. Yoon*
School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Electrospun metal-plated fibers and supersonically sprayed
nanowires were used to fabricate a hybrid transparent con-
ducting films exhibiting superior low sheet resistance and
transparency. The films are suitable to serve as thermal sen-
sors and heaters. Such hybrid transparent conducting films
are highly flexible and thus body-attachable and wearable.
They can be used as a body-temperature monitors and
heaters. The employed hybrid approach improved the sheet
resistance diminishing it to a minimum, while maintaining
transparency. The hybrid film exhibited a sheet resistance of
0.18 Ω/sq at the transparency of 91.1%, providing the best
performance among comparable TCFs. In addition, the low
sheet resistance of the films facilitates their powering with a
low-voltage battery and thus, portability. The thermal sen-
sing and heating capabilities were demonstrated for such
films with various sheet resistances and degrees of trans-
parency. The sensing performance increased with the impro-
vement in the sheet resistance. The uniform distribution of
the metal-plated nanofibers and nanowires resulted in a uni-
form Joule heating contributing to an efficient convection
heat transfer from the heaters to the surrounding, demon-
strated by an improved convective heat transfer coefficient.
SS-II-007
Development of CIGS Solar Cell Technology Using
Local Contact Electrode and Multi Metal Oxide
Window Layer
Dong-Hwan Jeon, Young-Ill Kim, Si-Nae Park, Dae-Kue Hwang,
Kee-Jeong Yang, Shi-Joon Sung, Jin-Kyu Kang, and
Dae-Hwan Kim*
Division of Energy Technology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells have emerged as pro-
mising candidates for a renewable energy technology. Solar
frontier have achieved a world record power conversion
efficiency of 22.9% by modifying the absorber formation.
On the flexible substrate using polymer, CIGS solar cells
have achieved 20.4% in EMPA. However, there is still a
need for improved efficiency compared to silicon-based
solar cells. In order to obtain high efficiency CIGS thin film
solar cell above 20%, advanced technology is required. In
this research, we attempt to improve the photocurrent gain
by applying the back contact passivation and to reduce back
surface recombination (Fig. 1). In addition, in order to imp-
rove the photocurrent characteristics, a technique of depo-
sition a CdS thin buffer layer and replacing the intrinsic
ZnO window layer with a compound oxide layer of high
band gap is applied.
SS-II-008
Developing a Laser Scribing Apparatus with
Uniformity and Repeatability for Monolithic CIGS
Mini Module
Won Mok Kim1,*, Jeung-hyun Jeong2, and Hyeonggeun Yu2
1Center for Electronic Materials, Korea Institute of Science and
Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
2Photo-electronic Hybrids Research Center, Korea Institute of
Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Thin film CIGS solar cells fabricated on flexible substrate
such as polyimide are attracting much interest for BIPV
applications due to their characteristic merits such as high
efficiency, cost-effectiveness, low-weight as well as flexi-
bility. Since flexible substrates are easily damaged by me-
chanical contact, it is essential to apply a laser scribing tech-
46 AFORE 2019
nology, which is a non-contact machining, in order to fabri-
cate a monolithically integrated CIGS module on flexible
substrate without mechanical damage. Furthermore, process
compatibility also has to be taken into account because a
roll-to-roll based processing are mostly adopted in the pro-
duction of thin film solar cells on flexible substrates. In this
presentation, the present status of the laser scribing system
which is under development in our laboratory will be des-
cribed. An emphasis of the presentation will be given to
modification of the laser scribing system to attain scribing
uniformity and repeatability.
SS-II-009
A Graphene Oxide Interfacial Layer Effect on the
Performace of Kesterite CZTSSe Solar Cells
Junsung Jang1, Jihun Kim2, and Jin Hyeok Kim1,*
1Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Department of
material Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju, Republic of Korea
2School of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and
Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Inorganic solar cells containing materials such as CuInS2,
CdTe, and Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) have been investigated
as future candidates for next-generation renewable energy
technology. In order to improve inorganic solar cell perfor-
mance, one of the challenges is to address the issue of
absorber/back-contact interface.
In this work, the influence of interfacial layer on the per-
formance of kesterite CZTSSe solar cell is studied using
graphene oxide (GO). A GO interfacial layer prevents suc-
cessfully the back-contact reaction resulting in decomposi-
tion of CZTSSe layer into binary chalcogenides and MoSe2.
In addition, by effectively alleviating the interference effect
generated between the incident light and the light reflected
by Mo, it reduces the loss of photons and thus, effectively
absorbs the light. Consequently, series resistance is reduced
due to suppression of MoSe2 formation and, it is confirmed
that the Jsc value is significantly improved through miti-
gation of interference effect and improved series resistance.
The CZTSSe solar cell having a power conversion effici-
ency of 11.2% which is improved over the typically made
reference cell, is fabricated with GO layer.
SS-II-010
Effects of Alkali Metal Doping in the
Low-Temperature Grown Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Films
on Flexible Polyimide Probed by Scanning Probe
Microscopy
Juran Kim1, Kihwan Kim2, Jihye Gwak2, Jae Ho Yun2, and
William Jo1,*
1Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic
of Korea
2Photovoltaic Laboratory, Korean Institute of Energy Research
(KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) has been studied for decades as a light
absorber for thin-film solar cells. External alkali metal
doping into CIGS thin-film solar cells is important when
employing alkali-free flexible substrates. Here, CIGS thin
films were deposited on polyimide (PI) via a three-stage
co-evaporation process, where the deposition temperature is
not over 440 °C to hinder PI from permanent damage. A few
kinds of alkali ion (Na, K, Cs, and Rb) doping into CIGS is
also done by the in-situ post-deposition treatment (PDT).
Especially, for local electrical investigation Kelvin probe
force microscopy (KPFM) were utilized to figure out grain
boundary (GB) properties and surface work function di-
fferences. According to the previous reports, alkali ions would
be segregated near the GBs in CIGS thin films surfaces.
Therefore, the surface potential bending near the GBs can
be different depending on the alkali ions and the deposition
conditions. As the surface work function values can be va-
ried, the p-n junction also can change, affecting the carrier
transport at the solar cell interfaces. As a result, the changes
of the CIGS thin film characteristics due to the alkali ion
incorporations were observable with scanning probe micro-
scopy.
SS-II-011
Characterization of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) Films Using
Correlative Microscopy
Chanwon Jung1, Kihwan Kim2,3, and Pyuck-Pa Choi1,*
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
2Photovoltaics Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research
(KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
3University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Grain boundaries are unavoidable two-dimensional defects
in crystalline materials. To understand chemical environ-
ment near the grain boundaries is very important because it
has a different chemical environment compared to internal
grains. Also, chemical environment is different depending
on grain boundary types (small angle boundaries, random
high angle boundaries, twin boundaries and so on). Atom
probe tomography (APT) is a very useful method to reveal
the elemental profiles near grain boundaries because it has
extremely high spatial resolution (sub nano-meter scale) and
chemical sensitivity (ppm level). However, crystal structure
information is limited to obtain from APT measurements. In
this presentation, we are going to introduce the correlative
microscopy enabling to acquire both chemical and structural
information via APT and transmission Kikuchi diffraction
(TKD) measurements. Finally, we applied the method to
Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) films extrinsically doped with alkali
elements (Na and K) on polyimide (PI) substrates with the
expectation for revealing the relationships between grain
boundary types and elemental partitioning behaviors.
Special Sessions Abstracts 47
SS-II-012
Fabrication of High Efficiency CZTSe Solar Cell with
(Zn,Sn)O Buffer
Jiwon Lee, Temujin Enkhbat, Gyuho Han, and Junho Kim*
Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) solar cells have attracted great atten-
tions because of their nontoxic and earth abundant consti-
tuent elements. Generally, CZTSe solar cells use CdS film
as a buffer layer. However, Cd is toxic material for the en-
vironment and the deposition method of chemical bath de-
position (CBD) generates management problem of the CBD
chemicals. Cd-free buffer layer is required for ecofriendly
CZTSe solar cell. We deposited (Zn, Sn)O (ZTO) film as a
Cd-free buffer layer by co-sputtering of ZnO and SnO2 at
various deposition temperatures. The CZTSe solar cell bu-
ffered with the ZTO layer deposited at 120˚C provided an
improved fill factor and thus high power conversion effi-
ciency (PCE). The best CZTSe solar cell with ZTO buffer
showed 10.56% cell efficiency, which was higher compared
to 9.57% of CdS reference cell. We will discuss which
factors contributed to the PCE improvement.
SS-II-013
A Study of Performance in Light Absorption
Enhanced Wall-Mounted BIPV System with
Micro-Patterned Light Scattering Layer
Seong Won Kwon*, Sun Yong Kim, Jun Hyung Park, and
Yong Sik Kim
BJPOWER Co., Ltd, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Photovoltaic (PV) systems that use solar energy to generate
electrical power have been studied as application to renew-
able energy research. With the application of PV technology,
building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) systems have been
gaining attention over the past decade, and have emerged as
a viable renewable energy generation technology that can
partially accommodate the electrical load of building. How-
ever, when the PV module is mounted on the wall of building,
the reduction of power generation, more than about 40 % at
30 ° of tilt angle, has been reported. In hence, it is crucial to
improve power generation for wall-mounted BIPV systems.
In this study, BIPV systems with two types of PV modules,
general PV module and micro-patterned PV module, have
been installed on the outer wall of building and the per-
formance of BIPV systems has been analyzed in terms of
power generation. With patterned front glass, it is expected
to enhance the light scattering of the incident sunlight by
increasing the light absorption in PV module, and the effect
of light scattering and absorption on the PV modules de-
pends on the altitude and azimuth of the sun. As a result, the
cumulative power generation of PV modules with patterned
layer in the summer is about 12% higher than that of PV
module without patterned layer.
Special Session III
Floating Photovoltaics (FPV)
SS-III-001
Floating Solar: The 3rd Pillar of the Global PV
Industry
Abhishek Kumar*, and Thomas Reindl
Solar Energy System Cluster, Solar Energy Research Institute of
Singapore, 7 Engineering Drive1, Singapore
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Floating solar or floating PV (FPV) refers to the installation
of photovoltaic systems on water bodies, such as lakes,
reservoirs, hydroelectric dams, mining ponds, industrial and
water treatment ponds, near coast lagoons and other often
under-utilized water bodies. In comparison to traditional
ground mounted and rooftop solar installations, floating PV
overcomes the limitation of the competing use of land and
rooftop resources but also generally enjoys higher annual
energy yield due to the cooling effect from the water.
Depending upon the climatic conditions it also reduces the
water evaporation loss. Due to the given advantages, it is
one of the fastest growing power generation technologies
today and the cumulative installation capacity has grown to
more than a GWp from mere 150 MWp in just 2 years.
Similar exponential growth rate is expected onwards with
several large project announced, and in pipeline in USA,
China, India, South-East Asia and South Korea.
Despite its increased popularity and growth, so far there are
not sufficient studies that rigorously assess in detail the
technical implications, the economics, and the environmental
aspects of deploying FPV systems in a larger scale. As an
effort to address this, SERIS is spearheading the research &
development in world’s largest floating PV testbed located
in Singapore since October 2016. The 1-MWp floating PV
testbed consists of 10 leading commercial FPV solution and
measures comprehensive electrical and meteorological data
to evaluate the energy yield and performance. As a project
manager, SERIS also took ownership of the design, con-
struction, testing & commissioning, and now the O&M of
the testbed, thereby looking into the project development
aspects of floating PV installations.
In the presentation, we will give an overview of this 3rd
pillar of solar industry, in terms of introduction of the tech-
nology, the market potential, and the cost considerations,
followed by detail technical learnings (energy yield, O&M
issues) from our testbed. We will also touch upon few major
future opportunities such as hybrid operation with hydro-
power stations and marine offshore floating solar farms.
Combinations of offshore floating solar with aquaculture
and hydrogen generation solves more than one problem at
once for countries like Singapore and South Korea.
SS-III-002
Si-hwa Off-Shore Floating PV Pilot Test in South
Korea, 2014 ~2019
Chang-sub Won*, Dongchan Kim, Lawrence Waithiru,
Myenggil Gang, and Jongmoon Lee
48 AFORE 2019
Scotra. co. LTd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In this paper, we explain about the offshore solar photo-
voltaic power generation system. Since 2013, the demon-
stration facility of the water-based solar system has been
installed in Sihwa Lake, and it has been operating until now.
This has led to the normal fatigue study of the solar buo-
yancy system and the limit test research by strong winds and
waves such as typhoons. In addition, the study of electrical
power output was also conducted. This paper describes the
contents of future research.
SS-III-003
On-Site Real-Time Health Monitoring of Stress
Structure and Float on Floating Photovoltaic System
in River
Jae Seong Jeong1,*, Jong Moon Lee2, and Chang Sub Won2
1New and Renewable Energy Research Center, Korea Electronics
Technology Institute (KETI), Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
2Department of R&D, Scotra CO., LTD, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Floating photovoltaic (PV) systems have been increasing
since 2014. These were installed over 1GWp globally. The
world bank predicts that the installation of the floating PV
systems will continue to increase. The 50kWp floating PV
system of structure type is installed in Soyang-river. Floating
PV systems are influenced by more complex environmental
stress than ground-mounted photovoltaic system. Wind pre-
ssure, wind direction, velocity of flow, wave, and mooring
shock, etc. In addition, field failures of these systems are
difficult to repair, which can lead to an increase of the
system integrity cost. Therefore, structural health of floating
PV system should be diagnosed with the real-time moni-
toring and its stability should be predicted.
AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by the “Energy Core Technology Program”
of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning
(KETEP) granted financial resource from the Ministry of Trade,
Industry & Energy, Republic of Korea. (No. 20183010014260) (No.
20173010012910)
SS-III-004
Fundamental Research for Establishing Floating
Photovoltaic(PV) Component Standard
Tae Hee Jung*, Jun-Hong Choi, and Seong-Won Kim
Renewable Energy Technology Center, Korea Testing Laboratory,
Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Due to the plan to install photovoltaic (PV) modules in Sae-
mangeum area, Jeollabuk-do, there are many attentions for
floating PV module in South Korea. Korea Standard (KS)
for floating PV module supply was already published only
for inland water, such as river, reservoir, or pond. However,
in near-ocean environment such as Saemangeum area, which
needs to consider salinity, wave and wind, there are not many
researches for establishing floating PV module component
standard. Thus, in this research, we will construct floating
PV site, which constituted commercial PV modules, in Sae-
mangeum area and then, analyze floating PV system’s draw-
backs and PV module’s quality, which satisfied for product
components. In addition, indoor quality test will be held for
checking long-term endurance of metal and plastic com-
ponents. Using simulation tools, we will find out suitable
factors for enforcing structural stability of floating PV mo-
dule system. At last, we analyze environmental hazard of
PV module components, which consists of various materials
in near-ocean environment. The data that are collected in
researches above will be used for standardization of floating
PV module components.
Special Session IV
International Workshop on Super Grid in Northeast Asia
IN-IV-001
Feasibility of Integrating Renewable Energy Sources
of Mongolia to the Northeast Asia Supergrid
Enebish Namjil*
Laboratory of Advanced Technology, Institute of Physics and
Technology Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Mongolia
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The paper presents results of the ADB study for deploying
abundant solar and wind energy resources in Mongolia for
power exports at the NEA regional power system. In order
to assess the feasibility of regional interconnected power
system across a large geographic region and multiple coun-
tries, Generation Expansion Simulation Programme (GESP)
was used. The study presents different network configura-
tions for power interconnection for 2020, 2026, 2030 and
2036, including HVDC and integrated HVDC and HVAC
schemes. The analysis considers power systems characteri-
stics, such as the seasonal and daily electric load curves of
the NEA regions. There was considered four different planning
Scenarios: Scenario 0: “minGW” capacity (The “minGW”
capacity refers to the available connection capacity to current
220kV substations) in 2020, connected to Mongolian 220kV
power grid, only for Mongolia electricity consumption;
Scenario 1: + 5GW in 2026 , mainly for exportation to
neighboring countries and Scenario 2: + 10GW in 2036 for
increasing export to neighboring countries as well; and
Scenario 3: +100GW in the long term for supporting energy
transition to 100% renewables and energy security in North-
East Asia. In addition, comprehensive Solar and Wind
power potential assessment has been also carried out using
accurate wind and solar resource data and robust Geographic
Information System (GIS) tool and also identified a suitable
sites taken into account areas incompatible with future Wind
or Solar PV development.
Special Sessions Abstracts 49
IN-IV-002
Renewables Deployment in North East Asia
Mika Ohbayashi*
Director, Renewable Energy Institute, Japan
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The world is now undergoing a major transformation. The
accelerating energy shift is about to change even the world
geopolitics. Its mainstay is the explosive expansion of renew-
ables, especially their rapid expansion in major developing
countries that hold the key to future greenhouse gas re-
ductions.
The basis is that renewables are already the cheapest power
source of any energy in many parts of the world and
countries. According to the report of the International Re-
newable Energy Agency, since 2010, the average power
generation cost of photovoltaic power generation has been
reduced by 70%, and wind power has been reduced by 20%.
Both solar and wind power are said to be the cheapest by
2020 compared to any fossil fuel.
Fossil fuels have shaped the basis for global energy use and
economic growth. The uneven distribution of resources has
had a major impact on world security, and has become the
foundation of national political dynamics. As more renew-
ables expand, countries that have exerted influence over the
international community against the backdrop of abundant
resources will gradually lose their voice and the number of
conflicts over fossil fuel resources will decrease.
These changes will bring geopolitical transformation to
countries that have so far been limited to fossil fuels and
uranium resources and have relied on foreign imports. South
Korea and Japan are the first of such countries. However, if
the expansion of renewables is successful, a country that has
been called a resource-poor country will become a leading
“energy-rich country” in the world.
IN-IV-003
Renewable Energy Cooperation for Super Grid in
Northeast Asia
Jinsoo Song*
Chairman, Northeast Asia Renewable Energy Institute
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Objectives of Super Grid are to construct large scale renew-
able power plants in desert areas and to share generated
electricity through transmission network. To realize this
kind of dream project, the most importance is cooperation
with neighboring countries and key challenges could be
making the consensus among participants, developing im-
plementation road map with action plan, and establishing
organizations needed.
Especially In Korea, the driving forces are the need for
energy independence, moving away from the dependence on
fossil fuel import, and transition to ‘clean & safe’ energy.
Renewable energy, as a core technology of Super Grid, is
becoming more important with rapidly changing domestic
business environment due to the frequent fluctuation of
international petroleum price and UN framework conven-
tion on climate change.
In this paper, history of renewable energy cooperation with
neighboring countries are reviewed and status of Super Grid
in Northeast Asia including results of the feasibility study is
also introduced. At present, a practical project for construc-
tion of demonstration site in the next stage has been pro-
posed to raise funds which will carry out site selection,
analysis of weather and electrical condition, and actual design.
Special Session V
Saemangeum Cluster : National Innovation Hub for Renewable Energy
SS-V-001
Saemangeum : The “World’s Best Renewable Energy
Cluster”
Seong- Ho Lee*
Director General of new and renewable energy department,
Jeollabuk-do office
Song Ha-jin, the governor of Jeonbuk, announced the vision
to preoccupy and lead the renewable energy industry by
making Saemangeum as ‘the world’s best renewable cluster’
in the proclamation ceremony Oct. 30, 2018. Jeollabukdo
will create the world’s largest 3GW level photovoltaic
system complex in Saemangeum and GW level offshore
wind park in nearby sea of Gunsan to create a renewable
energy market. And Jeonbuk will also build floating PV
system and offshore wind complex to establish berth hinter-
land of offshore wind and attract manufacturing companies
for supply distribution. In addition, Jeonbuk will create
research infrastructure related to renewable energy and
support the commercialization of the technology and human
resources to create a cluster so that Saemanguem can serve
as an milestone of renewable energy. It is expected that
about KRW 10 trillion of private investment funds will be
supported to the construction of PV and offshore wind
complex in Saemangeum and about 2 million construction
workers will participate annually. The government is
expecting that the project will attract about 100 companies
related to renewable energy, to create 100,000 high quality
jobs and to draw economic development of KRW 25 trillion
for the next 10 years through the creation of a renewable
cluster in Saemangeum.
SS-V-002
Plans for Jeonbuk Energy Industry Convergence
Complex
Ji-Hoon Lee*, and Youn-Hwa Na
Leader of the new and renewable energy team, Jeollabuk-do office
Jeonbuk has secured institutional support of the central
government for creating the world’s best renewable energy
cluster, as their plan for ‘Saemangeum Energy Industry Con-
vergence Complex’ has been selected as the government
expenditure supporting project. For the project, floating PV,
offshore wind and green hydrogen were selected as energy-
50 AFORE 2019
focused industry around Saemangeum(23.9), and the vision
of ‘global center for renewable energy convergence industry’
was presented. In addition, the government will support the
necessary areas for energy-focused industry, professional
research institute and training for professional personnel as
well as R&D of energy specialized companies and establi-
shing a comprehensive support center that can support and
control the aforementioned projects. Jeollabukdo will first
establish a comprehensive support center which will serve
as the control tower for the industrial-academic network and
complex operation from 2020 and promote a pilot project
called, the ‘RE100 special zone.’ In the future, energy-related
industrial-academic integration and technology development
- demonstration - commercialization of energy-focused industry
will bring an economic ripple effect throughout the overall
energy industry convergence complex and it is expected to
create KRW 256.7 billion of production and 3,145 jobs.
SS-V-003
National Renewable Energy Demonstration Complex
Eun-Seok Song, Haejung Hwang, Tae-Gyu Park, and
Gi Sung Pang*
Office of Renewable Energy Demonstration Complex, Korea
Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP),
Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
To mitigate climate change, the world is moving toward de-/
low-carbonization by energy transition to clean energy – in
particular, increasing the share of renewable energy in the
global energy mix. Korean government made policy to
promote eco-friendly, future energy, such as the “Renew-
able Energy 3020 (RE3020) Plan” and the “8th Basic Plan
for Electricity Supply and Demand (8th BPE)” in 2017, that
is, to increase the share of renewable energy generation up
to 20% in 2030.
In accordance, we developed the basic concept of the “Na-
tional Renewable Energy Demonstration Complex (NREDC).”
NREDC provides the appropriate conditions to conduct the
field test or demonstration of variable renewable energy
(VRE) generation, and find solutions to integrate high shares
of VRE – floating PV and wind power in energy systems. It
consists of the digitalized power grid including EMS and
ESS, dispatchable renewable energy generators (bio-gas
engine or wood-pellet boiler, etc.), demand-side manage-
ment (prosumer or VPP, BEMS, etc.), and coupling with
other energy sectors like hydrogen (power-to-gas, P2G),
heat (power-to-heat, P2H) and electric vehicles including
FCEV. NREDC will play a key role to explore energy
systems integration, and be the national hub of innovations
to foster the development and demonstration of solutions
that increase the energy system flexibility needed to inte-
grate high shares of VRE.
SS-V-004
Evaluation and Assessment Center for Floating
Photovoltaics, KTL
Tae Hee Jung*, Jun-Hong Choi, and Seong-Won Kim
Renewable Energy Technology Center, Korea Testing Laboratory,
Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The world’s largest floating Photovoltaic (PV) module site
will be constructed in Saemangeum area, Jeollabuk-do, South
Korea. Evaluating PV module in near-ocean environment,
such as Saemangeum area, is getting more important rather
than inland water nowadays, due to its harsh environment
such as salinity, wave, and wind. For this reason, floating
PV module site construction project in Saemangeum area
will do on-site evaluation of floating PV module in its whole
lifespan. This project will find out validity of current floa-
ting PV module system as short-term evaluation and per-
formance and endurance of aged floating PV module sys-
tem, which needs to scrap as long-term evaluation. These
evaluations will be the guideline for floating PV module
install plans for Saemangeum area, and will be the data hub
for floating PV module manufacturer. Moreover, we will
acquire on-site floating PV module platform and will offer
many advantages to manufacturers for R&D of floating PV
module until 2021.
With on-site floating PV module evaluation, Korea Testing
Laboratory (KTL) Renewable Energy Technology Center
will construct floating PV module evaluation complex in
Saemangeum area with 19,800m2 scale. This complex will
do the main role of floating PV module evaluation in Sae-
mangeum area. Floating PV modules, floating materials,
and construct materials will be tested in this complex.
Various tests that are for project goals and floating PV
module & system standardization will be held in this com-
plex until 2023. In addition, developing PV industry in
Saemangeum area, KTL will offer open-lab and certification
education program to manufacturers in Saemangeum area.
SS-V-005
Evaluation and Assessment Center for Offshore Wind
Turbine Components and Materials
Jinbong Kim*
Wind turbine Technology Research Center, Korea Institute of
Materials Science, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Offshore wind power generates electricity from wind energy
with wind turbines constructed in the ocean. Since Korea is
surrounded by seas on three sides of the country, Korean
government and industry is paying a great attention to
offshore wind farm. However, because of the limited acce-
ssibility to the offshore wind turbines over a few MWs, the
reliability is the key technology of the offshore wind tur-
bines. The planning of the evaluation and assessment center
for offshore wind turbine components and materials aims to
supply wind turbine manufacturers with the technical solu-
tions to increase the reliability of their products through the
evaluation and assessment facility and technology.
Special Sessions Abstracts 51
SS-V-006
Plan to Foster the Hydrogen Industry in Jeonbuk
Province
Young-kwon Kim*
New and Renewable Energy Division, Jeonbuk TechnoPark,
Jeonju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Jeonbuk Province recently developed and announced a ‘Plan
to foster the Hydrogen Industry in Jeonbuk Province’ in line
with the government’s policy to promote hydrogen economy
and hydrogen industry. To become one of the nation’s top
hydrogen fusion industrial hubs by creating an eco-friendly
green hydrogen production hub in conjunction with Sae-
mangeum Renewable Energy Cluster.
Jeonbuk Province was declared the renewable energy in-
dustry as a strategic industry for the first time in the country
and fostering it for the time being. The research and man-
power supply infrastructure is well equipped, including
research institutes and universities. The carbon industry can
be connected to the hydrogen storage sector. In accordance
with the above-mentioned, Jeonbuk Province has many
advantages compared to other regions in Korea.
The Jeonbuk’s hydrogen policy intends to foster new indu-
stries in the region by fostering the hydrogen industry’s all
sector, which enables the production, storage, transport and
utilization of the nation’s top-notch green hydrogen, and thereby
vitalize the local economy. Various means were proposed
for this purpose, and the central and local governments are
working together to promote hydrogen fusion industries by
encouraging budget expansion and private investment.
SS-V-007
Current Status and Development of Hydrogen and Fuel
Cell Center for Industry, Academy, and Laboratories
Young Woo Choi*
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Center for Industry, Academy, and
Laboratories, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Buan, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The hydrogen and fuel cell center for industry, academy,
and laboratories is focusing all its capabilities to build a
world-class hydrogen fuel cell infrastructure and commer-
cialize fuel cells to support specialized technology develop-
ment and transfer technology. For the purpose of fuel cell
commercialization, the center is tasked with (1) develop-
ment, performance evaluation, demonstration and certifi-
cation of hydrogen fuel cell systems and components (2)
development of fuel cell for transport, large-scale and com-
mercial use (3) development of key components in fuel cell
such as catalysts, polymer electrolytes, separation plates,
MEA, stacks, power transducers and etc. (4) commerciali-
zation of fuel cell standards (5) commercialization of fuel
cell by fostering human resources. In this talk, we introduce
new projects and development strategies that are being
carried out by the center to maximize research productivity.
Special Session VI
Resource depletion crisis, the only renewable energy source in the future : Waste Renewable Energy Special session
SS-VI-001
Thermal Treatment and Energy Utilization Status and
Activation Plan of Domestic Waste in Korea
Kyoon Duck Yoon*
Environmental Assessment Center, Korea Testing Laboratory,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Solid waste from households and industry should be treated
in accordance with the provisions of environmental legi-
slation. Within the current regulations, waste treatment
methods are landfill, incineration and recycling. The waste
heat generated by thermal treatment of wastes can be classi-
fied into incineration, solid fuel production, mixed use in
cement kilns and power plants, and use in energy recovery
facilities. Each method has different application rules, which
results in different licensing conditions. It is licensed and
used in accordance with these regulatory characteristics and
the local, economic, environmental and social conditions of
the installation area. However, as waste treatment facilities
are still recognized as hazardous and dirty facilities, the
spread of waste energy facilities is not keeping up. There-
fore, this presentation intends to analyze the legal, environ-
mental and economic characteristics of facilities that can
utilize waste heat by thermal treatment of solid waste and
suggest ways to spread various waste treatment technolo-
gies.
SS-VI-002
Current Status and Challenges on Energy Recovery of
Combustible Wastes from Landfill Mining in Korea
Kyuyeon Kim*, Su-Young Lee, Won-Seok Yang, Won-Seok Lee,
and Sunkyoung Shin
Waste–to-Energy Division, National Institute of Environmental
Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Korea has begun to excavate and remediate the closed land-
fills from the 2000s. The study is carried out to understand
proper separating systems and resource recovery of exca-
vated materials containing waste from various excavating
fields in Korea. The development of related technologies and
business activities are actively ongoing. Through the analysis
of the samples such as separated combustibles, recyclable
soils and residues collected from the on-site visits we were
able to understand the characteristics of separated materials
and excavated materials containing waste such as calorific
value, elementary composition, TOC, foreign material content
and LOI. It has been surveyed that about 40 kinds of
domestic screening technologies have been registered or
certified in the fields of Korea patent and Utility Model and
Environmental New Technology. There were about 150 ex-
cavation cases of landfilled materials containing waste. The
52 AFORE 2019
separating processes mainly consist of size sorting process
for soil and rocks and plastic sorting process for film-like
combustible fractions. It was understood that elimination of
the moisture of excavations, removal of attached soil from
the surfaces of the excavated combustibles and the quan-
titative supply method of the input devices are the main
operating factors as essential factors for the optimal separa-
tion of excavated materials containing waste. For efficient
management and recycling of excavated materials containing,
it is necessary to set criteria of ash content in separated
combustibles and criteria organic matter content in separated
soils in Korea.
SS-VI-003
A Study on Waste Plastics Low Temperature
Emulsion Technology Using Catalyst
Jung Hyun Park1,2,*, and Woon Ho Yeo2
1SUDOKWON Landfill Site Management Corp., Incheon, Republic
of Korea
2Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Incheon
National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
This study is about a new emulsification technology to
reduce waste plastics, which are problematic and left un-
attended and piled up all over the country due to the lack of
environmental and efficient waste treatment methods. Heat
and electromagnetic waves generated from the heater ge-
nerate short-wave UV-C waves by the ceramic catalyst, and
selectively decompose only flammable materials such as
plastic at low temperature below 270 °C, and decompose
plastic polymer in anoxic state and carbon bond of polymer
which breaks and produces vaporized vapor. When the oil
vapor is cooled and liquefied, impurities such as water and
chlorine are removed, and low molecular weight is further
reduced by the ceramic catalyst, wax components are
removed and high quality light recycled oil such as kerosene
can be produced. The physical and chemical properties of
electromagnetic waves generated by ceramic catalysts can
be known through spectral analysis.The effectiveness of
plastic decomposing within a short time at low temperature
(above 270 °C) is higher than that of conventional emulsi-
fication technology (above 400 °C). TGA (Thermo Gravi-
metric Analysis) experiments were performed with the
analyzer. As a result of comparative experiments in which
the temperature of HDPE, PP, and mixed plastics is in-
creased without the catalyst and only the ceramic catalyst is
applied to the other, the UV-C pulsed wave will decompose
the plastic within a shorter time. In addition, the experiment
continued to find the operating temperature and the efficient
reaction time of the emulsion reactor.
SS-VI-004
National Disaster Waste Management System,
Industry 4.0 and Waste Biomass : The Future of
Renewable Biomass Energy
Jae Sung Park1,2*, and Woon Ho Yeo2
1Geum River Basin Environment Agency, Ministry of Environment,
Republic of Korea
2Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Incheon
National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Recently, South Korea is facing a national crisis such as
African swine fever(ASF), foot and mouth disease, and bird
influenza(AI). In contrast to the radioactive waste problem
from the Japanese nuclear accident, Korea faces vulnerable
situations such as post-management of livestock landfill
sites and safe disposal of massive livestock waste such as
livestock manure. Meanwhile, the coming crisis of the
country is actively discussed as a change in the industrial
base, that is, Korean Fourth Industrial Revolution(KFIR,
like Industry 4.0). In the renewable energy industry, waste is
a national recycle resource and a means to reduce green-
house gases. So transformation of renewable energy resources
system to KFIR industry. In this presentation, we will 1)
examine the currently available waste treatment system and
2) present the urgent part of the relevant institutional foun-
dation and maintenance to establish a national waste system
to solve the waste crisis of the country. In connection with
this, we will discuss the KFIR infra structure construction,
which are 1) the transformation of national industrial base,
and 2) industrial base of renewable biomass energy using
recycled resources in the future. In this presentation, it will
be meaningful to present the basis of waste disposal in the
national crisis and the institutional barriers faced by high
technology in the renewable energy industry. Further research
is needed on the integrated policy and institutional improve-
ment of the government’s climate, energy and environment
sectors on renewable energy systems.
SS-VI-005
Utilization of Livestock Organic Waste to Energy
Resource Caused by Infectious Diseases Such as
African Swine Fever
Jung Kyung Rho*, and Jong Hwan Park
Hae Sung E & G Corporation LTD, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The number of livestock raised in Korea ranges from 200
million heads in 2010 to 260 million heads in 2017 (around
11 million heads of pigs), resulting in 170,000 m3 of
manure per day(Korea National Statistical Office, 2019).
Most of the manure (about 90%) is being composted or
liquefied through the recycling process. However, with the
increase in livestock farming and breeding heads, the con-
tinuous decrease in farmland area (about 5% reduction in
2009~2018) has led to the need for effective treatment
through the diversity of manure treatment methods. The
management of infectious livestock disease is mainly aimed
at immunization, vaccination and disinfection management,
and is controlled through proliferation prevention and mana-
gement procedures through movement stop orders and
preventive killing to prevent the spread of livestock in-
fectious diseases. However, in the process of this process, a
problem of storage of various livestock manure occurs due
to the movement stop command, and it causes a problem of
Special Sessions Abstracts 53
disposal of organic waste (carcasses, etc.) generated through
incineration and disposal of for sale. The outbreak of
livestock infectious diseases, from foot-and-mouth disease
and avian influenza (AI) to the recent outbreak and spread
of the African swine fever (ASF), is not limited to simple
livestock farming. It is a big national task that covers a wide
range of sectors, including economic issues and environ-
mental issues that arise during the post-treatment process.
We propose a waste treatment method in terms of energy
recovery, which obtains energy from livestock manure and
organic waste. So, the solidification using solid refuse fuels
(SRF) manufacturing facilities and the possibility of using
them as energy resources.
SS-VI-006
Carbonized Solid Fueling of Livestock Manure and
Algae Sludge
Bong Ki Lee1,*, Dong Hwan Kam1, Kil Hwan Moon2,
Young Jin Cho3, and Jin Kyoung Kim4,*
1Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, SungKyunKwan
University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Electroelectronics and Automobile Engineering,
JoongBu University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
3Department of Bioindustrial Machinery Engineering, Chonbuk
National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
4DA ENG, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected], [email protected])
Current livestock manure treatment systems hinder the
development of environmentally friendly livestock farming
and advancement of waste disposal. In order to improve this
problem, the fuelization of livestock excrement is necessary.
Carbonization of livestock manure has a higher calorific
value than simple solid fueling and can reduce environ-
mental problems caused by odors. In addition, the efficient
carbonization of livestock manure requires the mixing of
carbonized solid fuels of green algae sludge and livestock
manure. Low heat generation calorific value of seaweed
green algae is 5,137.3 kcal / kg, which is considered to be
sufficient to meet the bio-SRF standard when the mixed
carbonized solid fuel of livestock manure and green algae
sludge is used. However, the current regulations allow
fueling of biomass only for single waste and there is no
treatment facility for mixed carbonization and solid fueling
of livestock manure and green algae sludge. Therefore, it is
necessary to revise related laws and to provide institutional
support for the development of processes and facilities for
energization of livestock manure for efficient energization
of livestock manure.
SS-VI-007
The Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Reduction and
Energy Recovery by Waste Biomass using Ultra High
Temperature and Pressure Boiler
Won Hyeog Joo1,2, Jae Sung Park1,*, and Woon Ho Yeo1
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Incheon
National University, Republic of Korea
2Woo min energy corp., Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Construction of new incineration facilities in Korea is very
difficult as opposed to local residents. The Korean govern-
ment is enacting the energy recovery criteria for incineration
facilities to induce various incentives for incineration plants
that produce more energy than the criteria. In this presen-
tation, 1) high temperature and high pressure boiler is si-
mulated to an energy facility that uses waste biomass as a
raw material, 2) energy recovery is showed follwing Korean
criteria, 3) greenhouse gas reduction is calculated. The appli-
cation of high temperature and high pressure boilers will be
presented for the conversion to renewable energy produc-
tion facilities rather than incineration facilities. In this
presentation, it is meaningful to find a technical solution in
the situation where it is difficult to install an incineration
facility and to suggest the possibility of constructing a waste
biomass-based collective renewable energy complex as a
local energy facility. It is necessary to study the greenhouse
gas business possibility by analyzing the reduction of green-
house gases and economic benefits by constructing renew-
able biomass energy complex.
Special Session VII
Next-Generation Solar Cells for PV Application
IN-VII-001
An Advanced Thin Film PV Technology and
Application
Jian Ding*
Alta Devices, INC., California, USA / Hanergy Thin-film Power
Group, Beijing, China
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Alta Devices is founded with the goal of bringing high
efficiency thin film GaAs technology to the masses. In
2010, Alta Devices first broke the world record for single-
junction solar cell efficiency. Since then, Alta Devices has
broken the world record six more times (consecutively) and
holds the current world record at 29.1%. In 2014, Alta
Devices was acquired by the renewable energy giant
Hanergy Holdings with a portfolio of three other thin film
solar companies: Solibro, Global Solar, and MiaSole.
The mass production of thin, lightweight, and highly
efficient GaAs solar cells will allow Alta Devices to provide
its solar technology to mobile power markets, making it
ideal for a wide variety of applications such as Small
Unmanned Systems, HALE(High Altitude Long Endurance)
UAVs and HAPS(High Altitude Pseudo Satellites), Airships,
LEO and Small Satellites Constellations, EV(Electric Vehi-
cles), Consumer Devices and IoT(Internet of Things).
IN-VII-002
High Efficient Kesterite Solar Cells
Hitoshi Tampo*, Shinho Kim, Takehiko Nagai, Hajime Shibata, and
54 AFORE 2019
Shigeru Niki
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology,
Japan
*corresponding author ([email protected])
We have investigated Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) based solar
cells using coevaporation and thermal annealing. We have
focused on alkaline doping, alloying and surface treatment
to suppress the recombination in the bulk and front hetero-
interface region to improve the efficiency, especially Voc
[1, 2, 3]. The suitable composition for high conversion
efficiency in CZTSe is widely known, which is mainly on
the cation composition ratio. The total amount of the anion
atoms is considered to be 50at%, therefore, the anion control
has not seriously considered until now. In this study, we
investigated the selenium supply effect both at the coeva-
poration and annealing. It is demonstrated that the selenium
supply, especially, at the growth affects the conversion effi-
ciency with Voc and Jsc, and the origin of the dependence
was investigated. The shallow and deep defect states are
investigated by constant photocurrent method, however, the
dependence was not clear. The Urback tails were ~20 meV,
and deep state at 0.62 eV were almost identical between the
samples with the different selenium supply. The highest
conversion efficiency CZTSe cell of 12.0% (Voc: 0.418 V,
Jsc: 42.1 mA/cm2, FF: 0.683) was obtained.
IN-VII-003
Hybrid Nano-Architectures for Photovoltaic
Applications
Rupesh S. Devan*
Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian
Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore
453552, India
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The nanotechnology is becoming familiar not only in
research publications but also in everyday life. With the
broad range of prospective usage, nanomaterials offer the
promise of transformational change in almost every industry,
from aerospace and energy to healthcare and agriculture.
Overall, nanomaterials offer the potential to solve some of
the most vexing challenges and are a critical driver of future
economic growth worldwide. Nanomaterials of 0D, 2D, and
3D morphological forms are of general interest. However,
we should put more effort into the synthesize and charac-
terize hybrid-architectures of 0D, 1D) and 2D nanostructures.
These hybrid hetero-architectures of 1D, and 2D nanostruc-
tures in various forms have triggered a lot of excitement and
expanded breakthrough achievement in all areas of elect-
ronics. The 1D nanostructure forms can enhance the unique
properties of materials, making them suitable for a wide
variety of applications such as gas sensors, smart windows,
solar cells, light-emitting diodes, field emitters, and field-
effect transistors. However, the 1D nanostructures do still
have some drawbacks. For example, in comparison with the
bulk materials, the low dimension and small size make the
melting points lower, but the resistivity higher, so the
thermal and chemical stability of the 1D nanostructures may
be weakened. Therefore, our group is working to overcome
these drawbacks and has explored the formation of hybrid
nano-architectures of 0D, 1D, and 2D forms. In this talk, I
shall present our recent work on the synthesis of hybrid
nano-architectures of stoichiometric 0D, 1D, and 2D nano-
structures using Physics and Chemical synthesis techniques.
These hybrid nano-architectures uniformly distributed on
various conducting substrates were characterized utilizing
XPS, FESEM, EDS, TEM, XRD, etc. to confirm the com-
positions, chemical states, electronic properties, and crystal
structure, etc. Further, they are found promising photo-active
candidates for application in solar energy conversion in the
form of water splitting, water remediation, solar cell, etc.
IN-VII-004
Omnidirectional and Broadband Antireflection Effect
with Tapered Silicon Nanostructures Fabricated with
Low-Cost And Large-Area Capable Nanosphere
Lithography Process
Jea-Young Choi*
Dept. of Materials Sci. & Engr., Dong-A University, Busan, Republic
of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In this report, we present a silicon (Si) nanopillar (NP) array
fabrication and its tapering process on large Si surface area
(wafer w/ 2-inch diameter) to provide enhanced light harve-
sting for Si solar cell application. From our N,N-dimethyl-
formamide (DMF) solvent-controlled spin-coating method,
silica nanosphere (SNS in 310 nm diameter) coating on Si
surface was demonstrated successfully with improved mono-
layer coverage (>95%) and uniformity. After combining this
method with a reactive ion etching (RIE) technique, a high
density Si NP array was produced, and we revealed that
controlled tapering of Si NPs could be achieved after
introducing a two-step RIE process using (1) CHF3/Ar gases
for SNS selective etching over Si and (2) Cl2 gas for Si
vertical etching. From our experimental and computational
study, we showed that an effectively tapered Si NP, i.e., an
Si nanotip (NT), structure could offer a highly effective
omnidirectional and broadband antireflection effect for high
efficiency Si solar cell application.
Keywords : Nanostructure; gradient refractive index change; antire-
flection; spin-coating; solar cell
IN-VII-005
Silar Based ZnxCd1-xS Buffer Layers: A Solution for
Meeting High Voc in SnS Thin Film Solar Cells
Pravin S. Pawar, and Jaeyeong Heo*
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and
Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National
University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SnS thin-film solar cells were fabricated by utilizing the
ZnxCd1-xS buffer layer as a replacement to the traditional
CdS buffer layer. The ZnxCd1-xS buffer layers were depo-
Special Sessions Abstracts 55
sited on vapor-transport-deposited (VTD) SnS absorber
using successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction method.
Based on our experimental results, varying the Zn-to-Cd
ratio resulted in a series of ZnxCd1-xS thin films with band-
gaps in the range of 2.40–3.65 eV. Likewise, the perfor-
mance of SnS/ZnxCd1-xS TFSCs was tested in addition to
their pristine counterparts (CdS and ZnS). ZnxCd1-xS with x
= 0.34 was found to be the optimal combination for VTD-
SnS TFSCs to achieve an enhanced efficiency of 3.72%
with a record open-circuit voltage of 0.405 V as resulting
from a controlled conduction band offset (CBO) at the
SnS/ZnxCd1-xS interface along with a favorable absorption
and moderate conducting properties of the buffer layer.
Finally, the superior performance of this particular device
was further explored via several extensive experimental
analyses.
Oral AbstractsME : Marine Energy 59
WE : Wind Energy 60
PV : Photovoltaics 64
PN : Policy, Strategy&New Business 67
HF : Hydrogen&Fuel Cell 67
WU : Wasted Energy&Utilization 68
SH : Small Hydro Power 69
ESS/SG&MG : Energy Storage System / Smart Grid&Micro Grid 70
E&LCT : Environment&Low Carbon Technology 70
Oral Abstracts 59
ME : Marine Energy
O-ME-001
Direct Drive Wave Energy Converter with Variable
Stiffness Structure
Tri Dung Dang, Tri Cuong Do, and Kyoung Kwan Ahn*
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
This paper proposed a new method to achieve the resonant
behavior of a point absorber floating buoy type of Wave
Energy Converter (WEC) using direct drive power take-off
(PTO) system. The system has four main components: a
frame; a buoy with a guiding shaft; a supplementary mass
coupled with linear generator and a variable stiffness structure.
Firstly, the motion in vertical direction of the buoy in the sea
is converted to oscillating motion of the supplementary mass.
Next, the mass is coupled with a copper coil. The coil motion
inside a magnetic wall will induces an electrical current in
the coil as a linear generator. Besides, a pair of pre-tension
springs will create a negative stiffness phenomenon acts on
the motion of the mass and increase the performance of the
system. Finally, a variable stiffness structure is installed to
control the trajectory of the mass, it can increase the
velocity of the mass motion thus the performance of the
system is improved. Configuration and working principle of
WEC are introduced, studied and analyzed. The mathematical
model is presented to explain the system behavior. Numerical
simulation has been carried out to evaluate the operation of
the system. Experimental test rig has been set up and im-
plemented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed structure.
O-ME-002
Numerical Study on Wave Absorbing Performance of
Pneumatic Floating Breakwater
Dong-Min Kim, Sanghwan Heo, Eun-Hong Min, and
Weoncheol Koo*
Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Inha
University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In this study, the parametric studies on the wave blocking
and wave energy absorption of a pontoon-type pneumatic
floating breakwater were conducted using a two-dimensional
numerical wave tank (NWT) technique. To increase the
effect of wave blocking and reduction after the breakwater,
submerged structures were installed on the seabed to
generate Bragg reflection. The developed NWT technique
was based on the Boundary Element Method (BEM) with
potential-flow-based theory. To capture the water particle
behaviors, the mixed Eulerian-Lagrangian (MEL) time mar-
ching scheme with Runge-Kutta 4th-order time integration
was used. Using the mode-decomposition method in the
acceleration field the motion responses and wave elevations
in the chamber were calculated. A comparative analysis of
wave blocking performance for various shape parameters
with wave conditions was conducted and the numerical
results were compared with the previous study.
AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by Korea Institute for Advancement
of Technology(KIAT) grant funded by the Korea Government
(MOTIE) (No. P0001968 and P0008750, The Competency
Development Program for Industry).
O-ME-003
An Experimental Investigation of Structural Shape
Effects on the Hydrodynamic Performance of
Small-Sized OWC WEC
Hong-Goo Kang1, Chan Joo Kim1,3, Min Jun Lee2,
Yoon Woo Choi2, Yeong Kyu Kim2, and Jong Hwa Won1,*
1Foresys Co., Ltd. Seoul, Republic of Korea
2Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Systems Engineering,
Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
3Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Inha
University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Harnessing electricity from ocean wave energy is an excellent
alternative to fossil fuel and extensive research has been
performed. The Oscillating Water Column (OWC) is one of
the most promising ones among various wave energy con-
verters (WECs) due to its structural and mechanical sim-
plicity. Numerous large-scale OWC WECs have been de-
veloped but most of them are not commercialized yet owing
to its high costs in installation, operation and maintenance.
The small-sized OWC WECs, a box type and a cylindrical
type having the same diameter, have been proposed and in-
vestigated herein. The effects of different chamber geometries
and PTO damping were investigated with a wide range of
regular wave conditions of different heights and periods. The
experimental results were further utilized to validate three-
dimensional CFD (ANSYS FLUENT) models.
O-ME-004
Introduction of Studies on a Flapping Hydrofoil Tidal
Stream Turbine in Korea
Jin Hwan Ko1,* Nguyen Le Dang Hai1, and Jihoon Kim2
1Major of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju,
Republic of Korea
2Maritime Robotics Test and Evaluation Unit, Korean Institute of
Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Busan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The research on flapping hydrofoil tidal stream turbines
(FHT) in Korea was started in earnest from 2011 at KIOST.
The goal of the first research was the system design of an
FHT including a dual configuration, a flexible foil imple-
mentation, and experimental evaluation with offshore demon-
stration. Except the offshore demonstration of the flexible foil,
research group in KIOST achieved the goals of the research.
Based on the achievement and experience, the research group
60 AFORE 2019
with new partner, JNU have conducted the second research
from 2014, which is about the development of a tidal stream-
based pumping system and the validation of its multi-functional
use after the pumping. The FHT design of previous research
was enhanced with the dual configuration changed and a
self-staring mechanism added. The performance of FHT
with the pump was evaluated through indoor experiments
and the self-starting mechanism was validated as well.
Offshore experiments about overall functions of the system
have been conducted from last year and I will introduce
results obtained up to now. I will also introduce facilities in
Korea which are most important in achieving the goals in
these researches.
AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by “Human Resources Program in Energy
Technology” of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation
and Planning (KETEP), granted financial resource from the Ministry
of Trade, Industry & Energy(MOTIE), Republic of Korea. (No. 2018
4030202200)
O-ME-005
A Study on Load Reduction of Tidal Turbine Blade
Dasom Jeoung, and Jin Hwan Ko*
Major of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Blades of tidal stream turbines are suffered from many
different loads during operation in underwater environment
thus, acquiring their structural safety is a key issue. Some
loads are imposed repeatedly, and some are given impul-
sively. In this study, we concern an impulsive load due to
wave orbital motion and propose a load reduction method
with a blade design. The flap of an airplane wing is a fa-
mous structure for lift increase, and also it can change load
distribution on the wing by its deflection. For this reason,
we adopt a passive flap structure for the load reduction and
investigate its effectiveness by an analytical method based
on the blade element moment theory. Wave induced velo-
city to the blade is calculated by wave amplitude, submerged
depth, blade location etc., and the load is calculated with the
modified velocity profile by the induced velocity. In order
to obtain an optimal design, parametric study is conducted
by varying design parameters such as flap size, flap loca-
tion, and flap torsional stiffness. Comparison between the
optimal design and a fixed blade will show the effect of the
flap on the load reduction as well as on regulated power
extraction in a high amplitude wave condition.
AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by “Human Resources Program in Energy
Technology” of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation
and Planning (KETEP), granted financial resource from the Ministry
of Trade, Industry & Energy(MOTIE), Republic of Korea. (No. 2018
4030202200)
WE : Wind Energy
O-WE-I
O-WE-001
Non-Presented Paper (No-Show)
O-WE-002
Risk Analysis of A Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE)
Model for Renewable Energy penetration in Energy
Mix
Uwineza Laetitia1, Hyun-Goo Kim2, Chang Ki Kim3, and
Ou-Sam Jin4,*
1Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, UST, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
2New and Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Senior Researcher, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
3New and Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Senior Researcher, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
4Korean Society of New & Renewable Energy, President, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The uncertainty is a major concern in renewable energy
projects because it has many effects on the LCOE and in-
vestment decisions. The LCOE model for renewable energy
penetration in an energy mix is studied to balance the cost of
energy and risk factors in the renewable energy projects. In
pre-processing model, the global horizontal irradiation and
wind time series data set was measured by Korea Institute of
Energy Research by using Korean weather satellite, UASIBS-
KIER model, KIER-Wind Map and WindSim v9 Down-
scaling. Load profile data from Popova Island supplied by a
diesel generator were used for verification of model. Homer
software® was used to find an optimal analysis of renewable
energy penetration. LCOE model for renewable energy
penetration in the energy mix, built-in Risk software@ to
demonstrate probabilities of changes in a different sensiti-
vity variable in the model based on statistical analysis by
using Monte Carlo simulation. The application of the model
to Popova Island shows that the cost of energy for energy
mix depends on the minimum and maximum renewable
energy penetration in the energy mix. By introducing a
minimum renewable energy penetration in the model, there
is low variation in the standard deviation and low uncertainty
compared to maximum renewable energy penetration. There
are many keys to uncertainty such as fuel cost, discount rate,
renewable energy availability, CAPEX, with high probability
density in the energy mix. This model can be used as a basis
for reducing risk factors in renewable energy projects.
Key words : Renewable energy, Homer software, LCOE model for
renewable energy penetration in energy mix, Monte-
Carlo simulation, Risk factors
Oral Abstracts 61
O-WE-003
Scour Induced Risk of Offshore Wind Turbine
Support Structure
Dong Hyawn Kim1,*, and Young Jin Kim2
1School of Architecture and Coastal Construction Engineering,
Kunsan National Univ., Gunsan, Republic of Korea
2Dept. Of Ocean Science & Engineering, Kunsan National Univ.,
Gunsan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Risk assessment procedure for offshore wind turbine support
structures induced by scour was proposed. Probabilistic
distribution of scour depth, a hazard curve, was calculated
by using the C.S.U formula with parametric uncertainties.
To get fragility curves of support structure, dynamic analysis
was done with a certain assumed scour depth, given signifi-
cant wave height and return period. Scour induced failure
probability of support structure for a given wave height then
can be found by integrating the multiplication of hazard and
fragility. It is repeated for possible range of scour depths to
form a risk curve. In numerical example, scour induced
structural risk of 3MW offshore wind turbine supported by
suction bucket foundation is evaluated. The proposed
approach can be used in determining wind farm location
where scour is significant.
O-WE-004
An Experimental Study on the Effect of Blade Surface
Contamination on the Power Performance of Medium
Wind Turbine
Seong Keon Kim1, Jong Hwa Kim1, and Bum Suk Kim2,*
1Multidisciplinary Graduate School Program for Wind Energy, Jeju
National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
2Faculty of Wind Energy Engineering, Graduate School, Jeju
National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Externally exposed wind turbines are directly affected by
various external environmental conditions, and in particular,
damage such as contamination and erosion occur most
frequently on rotating blades. Therefore, there is a growing
need for systematic and preventive maintenance plan against
the damage to the blade, but operators are not able to esta-
blish a systematic maintenance plan because quantitative
data on the effect of this phenomenon on the output per-
formance is lacking. Therefore, in this study, quantitative
analysis of the effect of contamination size change on the
wind turbine annual energy production (AEP) is presented
by attaching contaminants in the 660kW wind turbine blade
leading edge. the contamination condition (Moderate, Severe)
is defined according to the particle size of the sandpaper
manufactured by Deerfos. As a result of estimating the AEP
using the power curve based on surface roughness conditions
and the wind data measured from met-mast (located in Jeju),
the AEP was decreased by 9.6% under Moderate conditions
and 12.5% under Severe conditions.
AcknowledgementsThis works was supported by “Development of multi-class large
capacity wind power generator system specialized in Korea wind
site” of Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning
(KETEP) (No. 20173010024930) granted financial resource from the
Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (MOTIE), South Korea.
O-WE-005
Effect of Atmospheric Stability, Turbulence and Wind
Shear on Power Production Variation of Wind
Turbines
Dae Young Kim1, Yean Hee Kim2, and Bum Suk Kim3,*
1Multidisciplinary Graduate School Program for Wind Energy, Jeju
National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
2Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of
Meteorological Sciences Jeju, Republic of Korea
3Faculty of Wind Energy Engineering, Graduate School, Jeju
National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The power production from wind turbines shows variability
depending on the atmospheric flow characteristics. In this
study, the influence on the power performance was analyzed
through classification of external environmental factors. The
study was performed using SCADA data of Dongbok ․
Bukchon Wind Farm (DBWF) located in Jeju Island and
measurements of nearby met-mast. The period of measure-
ments was about 1 years from March 4, 2016 to February 22,
2017. Based on the measurements, the parameters (Richardson
number (Ri), turbulence intensity (TI) and wind shear ex-
ponent (WSE, α)) were categorized into intensity. The dis-
tribution characteristics of the power output were analyzed
using three parameters and the conditions for high and low
performance of wind turbine were presented. Even in the
same wind speed, the differences of the power output with
Ri and TI was obvious. Stable atmospheric conditions, low
TI and strong WSE showed an increase in power production
at wind speeds near rated, while unstable atmospheric
conditions, high TI and weak ․ neutral WSE lead to increased
power output at wind speeds below rated power. It is con-
firmed that the power production of wind turbines can be
more advantageous when the atmospheric stratification is
moderately unstable and TI is above moderate magnitude.
AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by “Human Resources Program in Energy
Technology” of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation
and Planning (KETEP), granted financial resource from the Ministry
of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE), Republic of Korea. (No. 2018
4030202200)
Key words :Wind turbine generator systems, power performance,
Atmospheric stability, turbulence intensity, Wind shear
exponent
62 AFORE 2019
O-WE-006
A Pumping Mill to Generate Constant Power by
Extracting High Altitude Wind Energy
Kyoung Ho Cha*
1107-2201, Saerom-Ro 55, Sejong, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Airborne Wind Energy (AWE) is increasingly being attractive
due to Weather Change and many AWE Systems (AWESs)
have been proposed and prototyped since Miles L. Loyd
analyzed crosswind kite power in 1980s. Amongst them,
Ground-Gen Airborne Wind Energy System (AWES) working
on pumping/yoyo cycle and configuring generator on ground
station shows a disadvantage in discontinuous traction power
due to the recovery phase reeling a flied wing in towards
ground station, though it provides fast recovery of the flied
wing. Multiple wings can be employed to leverage this
problem and examples include the twin kites for 500kW
AWES by Kite Power System in U.K. and the Laddermill
concept by Professor W. Ockels at TU Delft University of
Technology in the Netherlands. Pumping Mill (PM), multiple
wings are evenly configured on a tether, is particularly
interested because of its high capacity and fast descent but it
is disadvantageous in continuous traction power generation
during cyclic pumping. A two phase Pumping Mill (2p-PM),
the tethered wings of the bottom PM are hung on the tether
of the upper PM, the former ascends and the latter descends
alternatingly, and a generator on ground station is shared, is
conceptualized at the system-level and its working principle
is investigated to generate constant traction power.
AcknowledgementsThe work has motivated from the 2011 Fukushima-Daiichi Disaster.
O-WE-II
O-WE-007
Optimization of a Wind Turbine Blade by Considering
the Multiple Design Parameters Using the Response
Surface Method
Sang Lae Lee1,*, and Sang Joon Shin2
1Korean Register of Shipping(KR), Busan, Republic of Korea
2Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul
National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
As the size of the wind turbines becomes larger, the optimal
design of the blades, which are major sources of energy for
the wind turbines and also the cause of the loads, becomes
more significant than anything else. Within the framework
of the blade aerodynamic design, the maximum aerodyna-
mic efficiency, power production and the minimum thrust
force will be the target to obtain. This paper describes an
improved optimization framework for the blade aerodynamic
design under realistic conditions, while considering multiple
design parameters. The relationship between the objective
function and the design parameters, such as the chord
length, maximum chord and twist angle, were obtained by
using the second-order response surface methodology
(RSM). Moreover, the identified parameters were organized
to optimize the aerodynamic design of the blades. Further-
more, the initial and optimized blade geometries were com-
pared and showed that the performance of the optimized
blade was improved significantly. In fact, the efficiency was
increased by approximately 10% although its thrust was not
varied. In addition, to demonstrate the improvement of the
resulting optimized blades, the annual energy output (AEP)
was estimated when installed in a specific regional location.
The result showed a significant improvement when compared
with the baseline blades. This result will be extended to a
new perspective approach for a more robust optimal design
of a wind turbine blade.
O-WE-008
A Probabilistic Model of Levelized Cost of
Electricity(LCOE) for Korean Offshore Wind
Kihwan Kim1,*, Duk Oh Lim1, and Gil-Lim Yoon2
1Korea Energy Economics Institute, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
2Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Levelised cost of energy (LCOE) is widely used to measure
the unit cost of electricity for a generation project. In case of
Korean wind farm, the cost of each component or each para-
meter which consist of LCOE, is rarely reported to the public.
We have proposed a probabilistic model of levelized cost of
electricity in case of Korean offshore wind. Specifically, we
make use of seven countries’ representative cost data. Using
this data, 13 parameters for CAPEX cost and 5 parameter
for OPEX cost are derived from these data set. Moreover,
we impose parameteric probabilistic distribution into each
parameter and construct a probabilistic model of LCOE for
Korean Offshore Wind. We apply this model for the cal-
culation of LCOE in two cases of Korean Offshore wind
farms; Seonam Hae Offshore Wind Test Bed and JeJu Tamra
Offshore Wind farm.
O-WE-009
Three-Dimensional Computational Aspects of
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Based on Aerodynamic
Performance
Sunny Kumar Poguluri1, Hyebin Lee2, and Yoon Hyeok Bae1,*
1Department of Ocean System Engineering, Jeju National
University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
2Multidisciplinary Graduate School for Wind Energy, Jeju National
University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In this study, the aerodynamic performance of a two-bladed
vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) was investigated based
on computational fluid dynamics using three-dimensional
(3D) implicit unsteady, incompressible Navier-Stokes equa-
Oral Abstracts 63
tions. To assess the errors accumulation at various states of
numerical solution on VAWT, the effect of mesh size,
computational domain, time step and different turbulent
models were chosen to obtain accurate power estimation.
Initially, the general criteria for the evaluation of the accep-
tability of results have been selected based on the existing
literature. The final suitable settings from the numerical
study are further used for comparing the power coefficient
with the experimental results from the literature with
different tip-speed ratios. And within the scope of context
some of the most complex and less understood phenomena
in the field of numerical simulations on VAWT will be
presented. For the study, the design of the 3D model scale
VAWT from the literature is employed with a two meter
diameter and two NACA 0021 blades, each with a chord
length of 0.265 m. The blades were set to 40 pitch angle with
a constant wind speed of 8 m/s. The shaft and the supporting
arms are neglected in the simulations.
O-WE-010
Performance Evaluation of Digital Wind Tunnel
Which Can Simulate Various Experimental
Conditions
Won-Sik Shin1, Jin-Ok Kim2, Ki-Weon Kang3, Dae-Yong Lee1, and
Jang-Ho Lee3,*
1Institute of Offshore Wind Energy, Kunsan National University,
Gunsan, Republic of Korea
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kunsan National
University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea
3School of Mechanical Engineering, Kunsan National University,
Gunsan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Prior to wind tunnel test, quality characteristics (average
wind speed, turbulence intensity, space deviation, etc.)
should be checked at all points in the test sections where the
test model (airfoil, wind blade, etc.) can be located. In this
study, quality characteristics of the wind flow field were
grasped through the measurement of the wind flow and the
analysis of the open circuit digital wind tunnel (whole
dimension: 1560mm×1965mm×1470mm), which can easily
install various experimental conditions. Analysis of the
wind flow field (wind tunnel test dimension: 1465mm×1280
mm×980mm) was conducted based on the measurement of
hot wire anemometer (HFF2005HW, OMEGA), which is
suitable for low wind speeds. In the first stage, quality
characteristics of the wind flow fields for six cross sections
(separation distance: 200mm) in the wind flow direction
were grasped and the optimal cross section for the airfoil
and wind blade tests were selected by analyzing the influ-
ences at the six cross sections. In the second stage, quality
characteristics of the wind flow fields and their flow ranges
were evaluated for each flow through the PWM (Pulse Width
Modulation)-based flow control in a predetermined optimum
cross-section. Finally, in the third stage, quality characteristics
of the wind shear were evaluated by controlling 96 fans of
the blower. It is expected that the results of this study are
used for various model test programs as well as development
of new wind blades and airfoils.
AcknowledgementsThis project is supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology
Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) and the Ministry of Trade, Industry
& Energy (MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea (No. 20173010024870 &
20194030202300) and by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2017R1
D1A3B06032145).
O-WE-011
Research on the Design and Characteristic Analysis of
Unique Airfoil KA3
Sung-Soo Park1, Sang-Kyun Kang1, Sung-Ho Yu1, Sang-Il Lee2,
and Jang-Ho Lee3,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kunsan National
University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea
2Institute of Offshore Wind Energy, Kunsan National University,
Gunsan, Republic of Korea
3School of Mechanical Engineering, Kunsan National University,
Gunsan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In this Research, a unique airfoil was developed with a
suitable trailing edge and for root part of the wind turbine
blade’s elements. To develop airfoil, base airfoil l(hs1430-
il) was selected by examining literature study on various
airfoils with appropriate thickness ratio, and sufficient starting
torque. The selected base airfoil was analyzed for shape
factors affecting aerodynamic characteristics by applying
experimental design method. In consequence, the major design
factors were selected. Aerodynamic characteristics on various
airfoils created by the combination of design factors were
analyzed based on CFD (computational fluid dynamics). As
a result, the optimal design factor level was determined, and
the unique airfoil KA3 was developed. As a follow-up Re-
search, an experiment on the aerodynamics characteristics
of a unique airfoil KA3 will be conducted using digital wind
tunnel and compared with analytical values.
AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology
Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) and the Ministry of Trade, Industry
& Energy (MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea (No.20194030202300,
No.20183010025200), and by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2017
R1D1A3B06032145)
O-WE-012
Effects of Offshore Wind Substructure Arrangement
on the Tidal Current Flow Near Gogunsan Islands,
South Korea
Ju-Hyun Hong1, Sung-Soo Park2, Dae-Yong Lee1, Sang-Il Lee1,
and Jang-Ho Lee3,*
1Institute of Offshore Wind Energy, Kunsan National University,
Gunsan, Republic of Korea
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kunsan National
University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea
3School of Mechanical Engineering, Kunsan National University,
Gunsan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
64 AFORE 2019
Saemangeum Gogunsan islands are located at the southwest
of Gunsan city and consist of 63 islands. In this study,
effects of offshore wind substructure arrangement on the tidal
current flow near Gogunsan islands are investigated. The
offshore wind substructures total 15 monopile substructures
are assumed to be installed near BangChuk-Do (center lo-
cation of the wind farm : latitude 35.8632, longitude 126.3678).
The three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equation
is used for the governing equation and SC/Tetra based on
RANS(Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes) is used to analyze
the tidal current changes. Deceleration of the tidal current is
observed in some areas behind the substructures.
AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology
Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) and the Ministry of Trade, Industry
& Energy (MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea (NO.20194030202300,
NO.201830 10025300 & NO20183010025200)
O-WE-013
Study on Efficiency of Airfoil by BEMT with
DesignFoil Program
Ka-Young Song, and Min-Young Sun*
Department of Mechanical Design Engineering & JBNU
International Offshore Wind Research Institute, JeonBuk National
University, JeonJu, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
This study is carried out design of wind turbine blade airfoil.
When designing a wind turbine, the goal is to attain the
highest possible power output under specified atmospheric
conditions. The problem of determining the optimal shape of
blade as the mathematical description of aerodynamic load
is complex and a number of constraints and objectives have
to be satisfied. The aim of this study develop two type of
airfoil model by direct design method that would enable
optimization of wind turbine blades with regard to a number
of criteria. A mathematical model for fluid dynamics wind
turbine design (based on the blade element momentum
theory) has been implemented and improved. The mathe-
matical simulations have been compared with experimental
data found in the literature. Finally, the model was imple-
mented to optimize rotor performance, especially at low
wind velocities, which is crucial to produce power during
the machine start-up phase.
PV : Photovoltaics
O-PV-I
O-PV-001
BIPV Potential Analysis on Daejeon City Based on
Seed (Solar Energy Estimator for Daejeon)
Hyun-Goo Kim1,*, Je-Hyun Lee2, Chang Ki Kim1,
Chang-Yeol Yun1, and Jung-Tae Lee1
1New and Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Platform Technology Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Korean government has recently been trying to increase
solar energy production. In response, local government and
companies have installed many solar photovoltaic (PV)
modules throughout the country, but often without estimation
of power production. This situation required the development
of a reliable platform to estimate power production of PV,
and the Daejeon local government and the Korea Institute of
Energy Research (KIER) have developed a platform based
on the Geographic Information System (GIS) for Daejeon
city. SEED (Solar Energy Estimator for Daejeon), the result
of research cooperation projects between KIER and Daejeon
local government, is designed for citizens and official. Any-
one can use this platform easily and simply. This platform
has an advantage to estimate power production of PV systems
with high accuracy (R2=0.88). KIER’s technology (UASIBS-
KIER algorithm based on satellite) for estimating the solar
irradiance enables accurate estimation of PV production. In
addition, it can estimate more realistic power production and
economic feasibility in urban area, since the shading effect
by the building is considered. Daejeon local government will
continue to operate and maintain the SEED platform, which
is a good example of research cooperation projects. Further-
more, the platform will help Daejeon city where solar
energy supply is lower than other regions.
O-PV-002
Non-Presented Paper (No-Show)
O-PV-003
Machine-Leanrning Model for Building-Integrated
Photovoltaic (BIPV) System in Urban Area
Jehyun Lee1, Junho Won2, Chang Ki Kim, Chang-Yeol Yun3,
Dae Hyun Song4, Yong-Heack Kang3, and Hyun-Goo Kim3,*
1Platform Technology Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Computer Science & Engineering, Chungnam National University,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
3New and Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
4NGL Co. Ltd., Goyang, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
A machine-learning based shadow evaluation model was
prepared to estimate the performance of building-integrated
photovoltaic (BIPV) system in urban area, using analysis of
landscape data and simplified geometry of buildings. Pre-
viously this task has been performed by numerical analysis
on accurate 3-dimensional building models, which requires
heavy calculation resources, i.e. 5~7 days for a district of
Seoul on a GIS specialized work station. In order to reduce
the calculation cost, we have chosen only a few input
features from landscape (latitude, longitude, elevation) and
Oral Abstracts 65
buildings (number of floors, building area). Instead, more
than 20 features were extracted to estimate shadow effect
between a target object and surrounding ones. The mathe-
matic equations to determine shadow casting buildings on
the target has derived from diurnal motion of the sun. The
new variables have strong correlation coefficient to the
radiation loss ratio up to 0.48, which is much higher than the
raw ones (max. 0.18). Machine learning models using the
variables yields prediction accuracy of 71%, and the cal-
culation (training + prediction) took only 1 minute, which is
about 8,000 times faster than conventional method.
O-PV-004
Determining Optimal Angle of Photovoltaic Panels in
Urban Area
Jung-Tae Lee, Hyun-Goo Kim*, Yong-Heack Kang,
Chang-Yeol Yun, Chang Ki Kim, Jin-Young Kim, and Bo-Young Kim
New and Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The shadows being cast on the rooftop by skyscraper have a
significant impact on the power generation of the photo-
voltaic (PV) system. In an urban area with a high density of
buildings, the shadow-casting is more likely to occur, which
causes low performance of PV installed on the rooftop of
the row house. In particular, downtown areas where apart-
ments are concentrated like Korea, this effect can be more
substantial. The government of South Korea has recently
tried to prompt the PV system many private companies and
ordinary citizens, but the effect of shadows in downtown
might make the PV propagation insignificant. In other
words, it can have a negative effect on the government’s
energy policy. This study concerned about the creative way
to avoid the shadow’s negative effect of high buildings. We
devised a way to increase the power productivity of PV
even with shadows, and we have concluded that optimal PV
angle avoiding shadows can be a novel method. It means
that which orientation and tilting angle could be the best for
PV performance with shadow casting. To realize this method,
the calculation of shadow casting with high resolution is
required as all of the sun’s angles. We calculated optimal
PV angles for each building in downtown of Daejeon city.
As the results, the incident irradiance on optimally tilted
angle increases better than common installation angles
(Orientation: 180 º, Tilting: 30 º)
O-PV-Ⅱ
O-PV-005
Comparison of Model Performance between
UM-LDAPS and GFS Model: Same Day and Day
Ahead Forecasts of Global Horizontal Irradiance
Chang Ki Kim*, Hyun-Goo Kim, Yong-Heack Kang, and
Jinyoung Kim
New and Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In Korea, contribution of solar power generation to electricity
grid has been being raised drastically since 2017 when new
government propagated the plan for renewable energy
called “Renewable Energy 3020 Plan”. As the penetration
rate of photovolotaic system into electricity grid increases,
renewable energy management system (REMS) plays an
important role in controlling distribution of electricity into
each grid. REMS is usually made by the power forecast that
is significantly dependent on the weather forecast because
production of solar energy is affected by the weather con-
dition. In the utility scale, same day or day ahead forecast is
required to plan the electricity trade in the market. Therefore
this study will compare the global horizontal irradiance
(GHI) forecast from the Unified Model Local Data Assi-
milation and Prediction System (UM-LDAPS) and Global
Forecast System (GFS) model initialized at 18 UTC every
day from January 1 to December 31, 2018. The root mean
square error of daily total GHI forecasts for the same day are
averaged as 99.5 W m–2 at four ground stations for the
whole year of 2018. In the upcoming conference, we will
present the performance index of both models against the
instantaneous GHI and daily total irradiance measured at
ground station and satellite imagery.
O-PV-006
Analysis of the Two Years Operation of the 10MW PV
Plant in Cold Climatic Conditions Mongolia
Bat-Erdene Bayandelger1,*, and Enebish Namjil2
1Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
2Laboratory of Advanced Technology, Institute of Physics and
Technology Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Mongolia
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Grid connected Photovoltaic (PV) power plants have become
one of the best alternatives to utilize the untapped potential
of renewable resources of Mongolia at large scale. However,
the performance efficiency and increase reliability of the
operation of PV plant at the cold climatic condition depends
on suitability of PV plant design, quality, reliability of PV
plant components in meeting harsh climatic conditions. In
this paper, two years operation results and performance
analysis of the 1st Mongolian 10MW grid-connected PV
plant are summarized. In order to have real-time monitoring
of the PV plant performance and investigate impact of
climatic conditions (solar irradiance, outdoor temperature)
on the performance of the PV plant, the data of the SCADA
system of the PV plant and weather measurement devices
were used. In this study the results of the real-time moni-
toring of the PV plant performance for period of 2017-2019
were modelled using various data analysis techniques such
regression, filtering, scattering, MATLAB/Simulink and
other software. The results of the study helps to understand
and improve the operational behavior of the PV plant under
cold climatic conditions of Mongolia. The performance
analysis also could help in designing, operating and main-
tenance of new PV plants in the future.
66 AFORE 2019
O-PV-007
Uncertainty Evaluation for Model Based Solar
Irradiation in Korean Peninsula
Boyoung Kim, Chang Ki Kim, Yong-Heack Kang, and
Hyun-Goo Kim*
New & Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Uncertainty of solar radiation is used as an important variable
in evaluating the profitability and reliability of solar power
generation. Since 2010, the renewable energy data center
has been producing standard meteorological year data at 22
sites in Korea, with uncertainty from the Guide to the ex-
pression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM). Uncertainty
for the currently published 22 points of insolation is esti-
mated from measurement-based insolation. Starting in 2020,
data from an additional 78 locations will be released using
satellite images and model-based solar radiation. At present,
there are two issues in the method of estimating uncertainty
in satellite images and model-based solar radiation. First, it
is not possible to estimate the general type A uncertainty.
Type A uncertainty in the GUM is uncertainty due to
repeated trials. However, the amount of insolation is subject
to change from time to time, the same object does not exist,
it is impossible to repeat the measurement using one mea-
suring device. Second, it is difficult to calculate sensitivity
coefficients for model equations. Models for estimating
solar radiation from satellite images have very complex
mathematical and meteorological equations and apply com-
pletely different equations depending on weather conditions.
Therefore, sensitivity calculation is almost impossible. In
order to solve these issues, this study puts the model into a
black box, calculates the sensitivity coefficient of the model
itself by comparing the measured value with the model
value, and uses it to calculate the uncertainty. This allowed
us to estimate the level of uncertainty acceptable to the
industry while following the GUM’s guidelines.
AcknowledgementsThis work was conducted under framework of the research and
development program of the Korea Institute of Energy Research
(B9-2414).
O-PV-008
Application of the Cloud Index Obtaind from Satellite
Images for Deriving Global Horizontal Irradiance
Pranda Mulya Putra, and Hyunjin Lee*
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kookmin University,
Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected]), presenting author ([email protected]
Visible images from geostationary satellites are useful for
investigating solar radiation, especially at locations where
ground measurement is not available. Hence, it is important
to convert satellite images into solar radiation data. Global
horizontal irradiance (GHI) is the most important data to
determine the energy generation potential of solar photo-
voltaic (PV) plants. In this study, we applied a statistical
method for deriving GHI from brightness of pixel image. A
1-year period of imagery data from COMS (Communication,
Ocean and Meteorological Satellite) visible sensor, whose
spatial resolution is 1x1 km2, was used as the main input.
First, we determined a location of interest and selected its
pixel count. After considering air mass effect and backscatter
effect, we derived cloud index, which is independent of sun/
satellite-geometry. Based on the cloud index and clear-sky
solar irradiance, we estimated GHI. We validated the esti-
mated data by comparing with ground measurement data.
O-PV-009
Development of Photovoltaic Capacity Factor Map in
Korea
Chang Yeol Yun1, Chang Ki Kim1, Jin Young Kim1, Bo Young Kim1,
Jung Tae Lee1, Shin Young Kim1, Hyun Goo Kim1,
Young Heack Kang1, and Yong Il Kim2,*
1New & Renewable Energy Resource and Policy Center, Kore
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Seoul National
University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Because the performance of each photovoltaic facility is
different, we should apply solar radiation data and performance
indicators for each device at the same time to estimate PV
energy production. However, in the field, due to the con-
venience of calculation, the approximate capacity factor
without considering the amount of solar irradiation in the
area is used. Since the amount of solar irradiation is very
different depending on the time and region, even the capacity
factor of the same device is also very different depending on
the application environment. Therefore, it is dangerous to
use a single figure for all time points and regions. KIER
(Korea Institute of Energy Research) is producing solar
irradiation maps in Korea. We developed the PV capacity
factor map based on the KIER solar maps for reference.
This is the result of assuming a standard facility, focusing
on the change of capacity factor according to the change of
solar irradiation. Unlike the other general solar radiation
maps, it is necessary to calibrate the data according to the
characteristics of each device in order to apply it to actual
facilities.
AcknowledgementThis work was conducted under framework of the research and
development program of Korea Institute of Energy Research(B9-
2414).
Oral Abstracts 67
PN : Policy, Strategy&New Business
O-PN-001
Non-Presented Paper (No-Show)
O-PN-002
Technology Forecasting using Patent Data in the Field
of Floatovoltaics
Gooyong Lee*, Mina Lee, and Sang Jin Oh
Division of Policy Research, Green Technology Center, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Floating Photovoltaic Systems, as known as floatovoltaics,
are emerging technology applications in the fields of solar
power generation systems and water management systems.
Due to the merits that floatovoltaics can be directly sited on
water surface, the floatovoltaics systems are highly effective
in areas with insufficient land area. Furthermore, floatovol-
taics can provide electrical power to mobile water treatment
system, so it is often applied to lakes with eutrophication.
Currently, global patents about floatovoltaics are rapidly
increased. In this study, worldwide patents about floato-
voltaics were collected and analyzed using text-mining tech-
nique, and future technology trends are forecasted using
Bass model and Gomperz model. Through this proposed
research process, the key technologies and comparison of
forecasting models are deeply discussed.
O-PN-003
Analysis of the Impact on the Energy and GHG
Emissions of Electrification of Cooking Method in
Korea
Hyunji Im, and Yunsoung Kim*
Green Energy Strategy Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The objective of this study is to analyze the impact on the
energy and GHG emissions in the building sector according
to the electrification of cooking method in Korea. Annual
household cooking energy consumption is compared bet-
ween Nowon EZ House, which is the first zero energy house
complex using induction stove and gas-cooked sample house-
holds. As a result, the average electricity cooking house-
hold consumes less calories (2.2 times difference) and emits
less GHG emissions (2.6 times difference) than average gas
cooking household. Furthermore, the scenario analysis for
the whole country is conducted by combining the share of
electric cooking households with the power generation mix
in 2030. In the 2030 policy scenario, if electricity cooking
share accounts for 20%, cooking-related GHG emissions is
expected to be about 3.79 million tCO2/y, which is 3.8%
(150,000 tCO2/y) lower than the present, despite the increase
in the total population. In other words, the expansion of the
electric cooking share would not only reduce the energy
demand of the building sector, but also reduce GHG emi-
ssions in synergy with decarbonization of the power ge-
neration sector in Korea.
O-PN-004
A Study on Technology Forecasting of Hydrogen
Using Patent Data
Mina Lee, Chul-Ho Park, and Gooyong Lee*
Department of Policy Research, Green Technology Center, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The purpose of this study is to derive promising technologies
and suggest implications in the field of hydrogen tech-
nology. Hydrogen-related codes of patents are selected from
Cooperative Patent Classification(CPC) codes, and informa-
tion on hydrogen-related patent publication in Patent Coo-
peration Treaty(PCT) between 1980 and 2019 is acquired
using Wipson patent database service. The summary section
of the patent information is used for Latent Dirichlet Allo-
cation(LDA) of topic analysis on the discovery of detailed
hydrogen technology. LDA analysis is one of the text
mining techniques and a probability model of what subjects
exist in each document for a given document. A prepro-
cessing such as deleting specific words, removing special
characters, changing lowercase letters, etc. is performed in
order to perform the topic analysis. Hydrogen detailed tech-
nology was derived by LDA analysis with a K-value of 10.
The growth curves for each detailed technology are drawn,
and the hydrogen detailed technologies in the growth period
are considered a promising technology.
HF : Hydrogen&Fuel Cell
O-HF-001
Utilization of Microporous Carbon Material
Originated from Nanocellulose and Coconut Shell as
Catalytic Support for Methanol Steam Reforming
Corwin Rudly1,2, Soo Hyun Kim1, and Ji Ho Yoo1,*
1Clean Fuel Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Advanced Energy and System Engineering, Korea University of
Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Microporous materials such as activated carbon (AC) are
advantageous as catalyst supports because of high BET
surface area (good metal dispersion), adjustable pore struc-
ture, less metal-support interaction (thus effective active
metal-promoter interaction), and recyclable nature. ACs
were prepared in various activation conditions using nano-
celluloses (NC) and coconut shells as raw materials. A bio-
derived sustainable polymer called nanocellulose consists of
nanoscale fibers with 10 – 100 nm diameter and 50 – 3000
nm length. Therefore, the pores can be more effectively
formed with controlled pore structure. In this study, the
activated carbons made from NCs were tested as catalyst
supports for methanol steam reforming (MSR). This result is
68 AFORE 2019
compared with that of ACs made from conventional raw
material (coconut shells). The correlation between catalytic
performance and the pore structure was then discussed. AC-
supported nickel catalyst produced in this study facilitated
the reaction to achieve high value on both hydrogen yield
and carbon conversion. Various analytical works (e.g. Scan-
ning Electron Microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis,
and Transmission Electron Microscopy) have also been done
to support this study.
O-HF-002
A study on PEFC with Self-Humidification Using
Metal Foam in Dead Ended Operation
Myo-Eun Kim1,2, and Young-Jun Sohn1,2,*
1Advanced Energy & System Engineering, University of Science and
Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In PEFC perfluorosulfonic acid membrane is generally used.
This type of membranes presents good performance on tem-
perature of below 80 and high relative humidity, but on
the temperature of above 100 and low relative humidity
shows rapid performance degradation. PEFC systems com-
monly use external humidifiers to meet suitable operating
conditions. However if fuel cell can be operated by self-
humidification, system volume, cost and parasitic power can
be reduced. The purpose of study is to identify feasibility of
self-humidification without external humidifiers. Dead ended
operation is conducted many studies because of its high fuel
efficiency. It is generally known that dead ended operation
needs water management to prevent excessing water. How-
ever, in another viewpoint, it can be expected that dead
ended operation can provide beneficial effects on self-
humidification with adequate water management. In addition,
it has been reported that when metal foams are used as flow
fields, due to its high-porous structure distribution of reactants
is uniform and advantageous for water management. There-
fore, this study has conducted experimental study to confirm
the effects of metal foam and dead ended operation on
self-humidification. In result, it was confirmed feasibility of
performance improvement of fuel cells with metal foam
compared to conventional channel.
O-HF-003
CFD Analysis for Prediction of Flame Behavior and
Hydrogen Gas Explosion
Ho Seong Yang1, and Young Ho Lee2,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, KMOU, Pusan, Republic
of Korea
2Division of Mechanical Engineering, KMOU, Pusan, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In this paper, a comparison validation study about explosion
test and numerical analysis in vented experimental space
were performed to investigate the accuracy of explosion
analysis using CFX, which is a numerical analysis program.
The purpose of this study was to derive suitable ignition
energy and turbulence velocity values to derive simulation
results similar to the experiment. The specifications of the
experimental space used in the experiment were 4.0 by 4.0
by 3.0 m and were performed by FM Global, the simulation
accuracy was determined by comparing the experimental
values obtained from the pressure sensor installed inside
when the explosion occurred. Before igniting in the center
of the experimental space, the inside was filled with
hydrogen-air mixture gas with 18% volume ratio, and fans
were installed inside to mix the mixture evenly. The simula-
tion results were compared with the pressure fluctuation
results to the first maximum pressure value measured inter-
nally after explosion. The results of the explosion were very
consistent with the numerical analysis result that set the
ignition energy and turbulence velocity of 140J at 0.83m/s,
and it was determined that the explosion phenomenon can
be predicted with great accuracy using CFX. However, to
apply the numerical analysis for a surely explosion safety
assessment, it is required additional verification work like
comparing various combustion models and numerical analysis
programs with explosive experiments in various cases.
WU : Wasted Energy&Utilization
O-WU-001
Production of Petrochemical via Fast Pyrolysis of Low
Density Polyethylene
Quynh Van Nguyen1,2, Yeon Seok Choi1,2,*, Sang Kyu Choi1,2, and
Yong Su Kwon1,2
1Department of Environmental System, Korea Institute of Machinery
and Materials, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Environmental and Energy Mechanical
Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Fast pyrolysis of waste plastics have been proposed as a
recycling route where the waste plastics are reprocessed to
produce basic petrochemicals which can be used as feed-
stock to make virgin plastic or liquid fuels. Among that
waste, low density polyethylene (LDPE) is the largest volume
synthetic polymer which is used to make many types of
container, medical and laboratory equipment, computer com-
ponents and packaging. Recycling initiatives are in place in
many parts of the world, but much of the polyethylene waste
ends up in landfill, dispersed in the environment or in the
sea. In this study, LDPE was pyrolyzed in bubbling flui-
dized bed reactor at temperature of 450-500oC. Its products
were oil, wax, and non-condensable gases. Analysis of the
oil and wax showed that pyrolysis of LDPE gave a mainly
aliphatic composition consisting of series alkanes and alkenes
which makes them very similar to conventional petrochemical
fuels chemically. Because of that the oil and wax product
have a great potential to be utilized as a petrochemicals for
the production of new plastics or production of liquid fuels.
Oral Abstracts 69
O-WU-002
Comparison of the Mass Balance of Full-Scale
Biogasification Facilities According to Different
Anaerobic Digestion Method in Korea
Jun Hwa Kwon, Hee Sung Moon, Won Seok Lee, Sun Kyung Shin,
and Dong Jin Lee*
Environmental Resources Research Department, National Institute
of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Biogasification by Anaerobic digestion is a technology to
produce biogas containing more than 60% of CH4 using
organic waste and a waste treatment method used not only
for food waste but also for sewage sludge and livestock
manure. Due to the prohibition of direct landfilling and
marine dumping of organic wastes from 2005 and 2013,
biogasification is considered to be an important method for
treating organic wastes. In particular, there has been a
worldwide outbreak of African swine fever in recent years,
and it has also spread to China and North Korea. Therefore,
anaerobic digestion has been attracting much attention for
the treatment of food wastes used as pig feed. In this study,
the full-scale anaerobic digestion facilities actually operated
in Korea were targeted for comparing the difference
according to the digestion method using mass balance. A
dry digester for the treatment of solid wastes and a wet
digester for the treatment of liquid wastes were compared.
Also, a comparison was performed between facilities with
single structure digester and combined dry and wet facilities.
Based on the results of this study, it is expected that the
operation efficiency of Korea’s biogasification facilities will
be verified. And therefore, the results can also be used as a
basis for more effective treatment of domestic organic
wastes.
AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of
Environment Research (NIER), funded by the Ministry of Environment
(MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIER-2019-01-01-045).
O-WU-003
Heat Charging and Discharging Characteristics of
Thermal Energy Storage System Using Phase Change
Material
Dong Kyoo Park1, Dong-Ju Kim1, Bup-Mook Jeong1,
Jae-Hoi Gu1,*, and Dong-Cheol Kim2
1Plant Engineering Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering,
Republic of Korea
2HLB Life Science, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The increases in costs of fuel and power generation are
causing a growing interest in the unused waste heat generated
by power plants and industries. However, the existing
technologies for recovery and utilization of the waste heat at
low temperature below 300 are limited, and the waste heat
is mostly disposed. In this study, thermal energy storage
(TES) system, consist of heat storage modules packed by
organic phase change material (PCM), was developed. As
the phase change temperature of the PCM is 68~70, it can
store the low temperature waste heat. Low-pressure steam
modeling the low temperature heat source was used as a
heat transfer fluid (HTF) for a heat charging process, and
supplied at a constant pressure. Thermochemical charac-
teristics of heat charging and discharging of the PCM such
as temperature distribution of the PCM, heat transfer rate,
and totally transferred thermal energy are investigated.
Finally, overall thermal efficiency is higher than 80%.
AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by the Energy Efficiency & Resources of
the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning
(KETEP) granted financial resource from the Ministry of Trade,
Industry & Energy, Republic of Korea (No.20162010104620).
SH : Small Hydro Power
O-SH-001
Flow Induced Vibration in a Two-stage Turbine for
Pumped Storage Hydropower Plant
Jungwan Park*, and Jin Woo Yang
Green Energy Research Center, KHNP-CRI, Daejeon, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In high head pumped turbine configured in two stages, the
vibration is critical to the safety of the power plant as well
as the durability of the mechanical facilities in it. The
turbine investigated in this study has some specialties; the
shaft is very long and goes through the draft tube. This
configuration makes the flow inside draft tube complex,
which creats pressure pulsations in it and possibly vibration.
The runner and the guide vane play as rotor and stator and
the limited number of blade and vane for them makes some
relationship into RSI vibration. We investigated the RSI and
some other vibrations in experimental study and found that
the vibration related to RSI has more vertical effect on the
system so that it mainly affects the thrust bearing. The shear
force on the wall of discharge ring due to abnormal shape of
the draft tube can be possible excitation force for the unique
vibration in the draft tube.
O-SH-002
Numerical Analysis and Design Optimization of the
Spiral Casing Configuration
Ujjwal Shrestha1, and Young-Do Choi2,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mokpo National
University, Muan, Republic of Korea
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of New and
Renewable Energy Technology Research, Mokpo National
University, Muan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected] )
70 AFORE 2019
A spiral casing is an important component of Francis hydro
turbine for the even distribution of kinetic energy along stay
vane and guide vane. The fluid flow around the runner is
dependent on the flow condition of spiral casing. The shape
of the casing plays an important for the proper flow dis-
tribution in the casing. In this study, the optimization of
shape of spiral casing is based on the steady state flow
analysis. The numerical optimization has been performed
by using response surface methodology (RSM) and multi-
objective genetic algorithm (MOGA). The flow uniformity,
head loss and pressure loss in the spiral casing are selected
as objectives for the optimal design of spiral casing. The
optimal design has been selected from the solution of acquired
by RSM and MOGA. Finally, the flow characteristics in the
initial and optimal design of spiral casing have been com-
pared. It is shown that the flow condition in the optimal
design has been improved significantly with optimal design
of spiral casing. Moreover, the inlet condition for the stay
vane has been improved with optimal design of spiral casing.
O-SH-003
Parametric Study on the Influence of Inlet and Outlet
Pipe Geometry on the Pulsating Flow Characteristics
of a Positive Displacement Hydraulic Turbine
Arihant Sonawat1,2, Hyeon-Mo Yang2, Young-Seok Choi1,2,
Kyung Min Kim3, and Jin-Hyuk Kim1,2,*
1Green Process and Energy System Engineering, Korea University
of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Thermal & Fluid Systems R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial
Technology, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
3Frontier Research & Training Institute, Korea District Heating
Corporation, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
It is well evident that the geometric parameters influence the
performance of all turbomachinery. The primary objective
of the present study was to analyze the effect of the inlet and
outlet pipe geometry on the performance of Positive dis-
placement turbine (PDT) using unsteady Computational
Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach. The motive behind this
study was to reduce the flow pulsations and increase the
overall performance of the PDT. Initially a circular pipe was
used for transporting the working fluid to the turbine rotors
and later the effects on rectangular shaped pipe and
converging and diverging pipe shapes were also checked. A
parametric study was performed to find the location and
dimensions of the convergent and divergent shape in the
pipe. It was observed that the convergent and divergent
shaped pipe further reduced the initial flow pulsations and
increased the hydraulic efficiency by 0.83% compared to the
circular shaped pipe. This was due to the fact that the flow
was well aligned and guided towards the rotors from the
convergent and divergent shaped pipe and hence lesser
energy transformation and leakage losses.
ESS/SG&MG : Energy Storage System / Smart Grid&Micro Grid
O-ESS/SG&MG-001
Regional Ramp Analysis of Photovoltaic and Wind
Power in the Republic of Korea
Shin Young Kim1,2, Bo Young Kim1, Chang Ki Kim1,
Chang Yeol Yun1, Yong Heack Kang1, Gil Soo Jang2, and
Hyun-Goo Kim1,*
1New and Renewable Energy Resource and Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
If the proportion of renewable energy is increased to 30-
35% by 2040 by the Third Basic Energy Plan and photo-
voltaics and wind account for more than 30% of total energy
resources, the demand for flexible requirements will be
increased strongly. In this paper, in order to know the
regional characteristics of photovoltaic and wind power
ramps in Korea, we analyze the ramp using 1 hour power
generation data. In order to find out the distribution charac-
teristics of the ramp, basic statistical analysis was performed
on 1,528 photovoltaic power plants and 96 wind farms, and
normality test for the ramp were conducted. Anderson-
Darling test and likelihood ratio test were performed to
identify a suitable distribution based on the statistical value
and p value of the distribution. As a result, the largest area
of the ramp was Jeju Island, where the annual average ramp
ratio was about 7-10%. In addition, the most suitable
distribution for the ramp was logistic distribution. The ramp
results in this study are expected to be useful for evaluating
the characteristics and economics of domestic photovoltaic
and wind power generation as well as the backup facility
capacity and reserve power estimation.
AcknowledgementsThis work was conducted under framework of the research and
development program of the Korea Institute of Energy Research
(B9-2414).
O-ESS/SG&MG-002
Non-Presented Paper (No-Show)
E&LCT : Environment&Low Carbon Technology
O-E&LCT-001
Reforming CO2-Containing Biogas by Electric-Field
Assisted Catalytic Reactor for the Synthesis Gas
Production
Jung-Il Yang1,*, Ji Chan Park1, Tae Sung Jung1, Shin Wook Kang1,
and Su Ha2
1Clean Fuel Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Violand School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering,
Washington State University, Pullman, WA
Oral Abstracts 71
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Because of inevitable end of fossil oil and gas, climate
change, and increased utilization of technology, biogas
industry will grow in the near future. Furthermore, the biogas
industry is much needed in Korea to protect it from wastes
and to address its shortage of fossil fuels. In Germany, to
date only 7 % of the biogas plants are feeding the biogas
directly in the existing natural gas network. Therefore,
current bottleneck of improved biogas utilization is the cost
of upgrade technologies. It has been reported that the ratio
of the upgrading cost to the total cost for biomethane
production reached to almost 70 %. That is, the upgrading
technology for the removal of CO2 is considered to be very
expensive process. In this research, in order to reduce the
process cost of separating CO2 from biogas and the CO2
emission for its upgrading process, we will develop a new
Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) technology that can
utilize both CH4 and CO2 (main components of biogas).
O-E&LCT-002
Non-Presented Paper (No-Show)
O-E&LCT-003
Combination of Reformer and Direct-Fired
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Power Cycle
Tuananh Bui1, Young Duk Lee1,2,*, Do Won Kang2,
Kook Young Ahn1,2, Young Sang Kim2, Sangmin Lee3, and
Sung Ho Chang3
1Department of Environmental and Energy Mechanical
Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
2Clean Fuel and Power Generation Center, Korea Institute of
Machinery & Materials, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
3Clean Power Generation Laboratory, Korea Electric Power
Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Direct-fired supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) power cycle
has been received much attention thanks to its very high
efficiency, system compactness, and the potential application
to carbon capture and storage. In order to get higher
efficiency, compared to that of a conventional gas turbine
combined cycle, the direct-fired sCO2 cycle should operate
at higher turbine inlet temperature condition, e.g., 1300°C.
Consequently, the turbine exit temperature is also high,
approximately 1000°C, raising economic issues in selecting
material for recuperator. To decrease the operating tempera-
ture of the recuperator, e.g., 750°C, a reformer is introduced
into the power cycle, at the location between turbine and
recuperator. Through this integration, high temperature heat
can be utilized to form hydrogen-rich syngas. This syngas is
supplied back to the combustor, and/or pure hydrogen can
be produced after being purified. This paper investigates the
effect of reformer on electrical efficiency, exergy efficiency,
and overall efficiency, by varying the turbine inlet tempera-
ture, reforming pressure as well as the type of reformer.
Exergy analysis is also carried out, identifying the thermo-
dynamic losses within the cycle. As a tool for the system
modeling and simulation, the EBSILONProfessional is used;
NIST Refprop property method is selected to calculate pro-
perties at supercritical condition.
AcknowledgementsThis work has been financially supported by Korea Electric Power
Corporation and KEPCO Research Institute. Authors would like to
thank them for the opportunity to publish this work.
Poster AbstractsBE : Bioenergy 75
E&LCT : Environment&Low Carbon Technology 77
ESS/SG&MG : Energy Storage System / Smart Grid&Micro Grid 80
GE : Geothermal Energy 80
HF : Hydrogen&Fuel Cell 81
ME : Marine Energy 88
PV : Photovoltaics 88
PN : Policy Strategy&New Business 99
SH : Small Hydro Power 102
ST : Solar Thermal 102
WU : Wasted Energy&Utilization 103
WE : Wind Energy 107
Poster Abstracts 75
BE : Bioenergy
P-BE-001 001
Biomass Gasification in High-Speed Flow Reactor
Jong-Pil Kim1,*, Gyeong-Min Kim2, and Chung-Hwan Jeon2
1Robot Technology Researcher Center, Busan National University,
Busan, Republic of Korea
2School of Mechanical Engineering, Busan National University,
Busan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
This study investigated biomass gasification through high- speed flow. Gasification experiments were conducted by inducing collision between particles in a lab scale reactor equipped with a high-speed flow control device capable of generating a flow rate up to 20 m/s. The commercial Barra-cuda-CPFD (computational particle-fluid dynamics) software was used to simulate the reactor’s behavior. Kenaf biomass, a representative grass-type biomass capable of annual pro-duction, was used as the fuel in the reactor. Kenaf is com-posed of 10.23 wt.% moisture, 66.65 wt.% volatile matter, 4.84 wt.% fixed carbon and 4.83 wt.% ash. Simulations and experimental results of particle fraction and particle velocity in the reactor showed that the momentum was different according to the change of flow velocity (5 m/s, 10 m/s, 20 m/s, etc.) and these affected the gasification characteristics.
P-BE-002 002
Reutealis Trisperma Oil Esterification: Optimization
and Kinetic Study
Riky1,2, Deog-Keun Kim2,*, and Jin-Suk Lee3
1Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Science and
Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Biomass and Waste to Energy Laboratory, Korea Institute of
Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
3Gwangju Bio/Energy R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Reutealis trisperma is an alternative feedstock for biodiesel production as it contains eleostearic acid which is known as toxic substances for human. Thus there is no competition with food industry. The feedstock used in this study origi-nated from Indonesia and has high acid value content of 30.6 mg KOH/g oil. The esterification reaction was catalyzed with ion exchange resin Lewatit K2640 in a batch reactor for 3 h. The standard conditions for esterification process are 65°C, 1:3 oil to methanol molar ratio and 10wt% catalyst loading. The optimization process is conducted with model oil (oleic acid in soybean oil) by varying temperature, me-thanol to oil molar ratio, and catalyst loading by incorporating Box-Behnken experimental design and response surface methodology. Preliminary studies showed good agreement between model oil and feedstock. The kinetic study was performed by adapting a pseudo-homogeneous second order reaction.
AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by Korea Institute of Energy Technology
Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) grant funded by the Korea government
(MOTIE) - Project No. 20178520091280.
P-BE-003 003
Petroleum-Replacing Biofuels from Inedible
Lignocellulose
Dong Jin Suh1,*, Wonjun Choi1,2, Hyemin Yang1,2,
Jae-Wook Choi1, Jungkyu Choi2, and Jeong-Myeong Ha1
1Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and
Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
2Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea
University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Petroleum-based liquid fuels, hydrocarbons of high energy density, are required to replace with sustainable ones because of the global warming issues and the possible depletion of fossil fuels. Biomass is one of the most promising carbon- based sources for producing petroleum-like liquid fuels. While the edible feedstocks including sugarcane and lipids have been used to produce bioalcohols and biodiesel fuels, the inedible sources including woods and herbaceous plants, or lignocellulose, must be better for fuels. Sugars, prepared from fractionation of lignocellulose, can be more easily used for producing biofuels, but require the pretreatment processes to obtain sugar feedstocks and leave the wastes of non-sugar carbon sources. Thermolysis including pyrolysis and lique-faction is a useful method to utilize whole carbon sources without fractioning sugars. In spite of producing carbon-rich oils by thermolysis, the catalytic upgrading of thermolysis oils to petroleum-grade fuels is required. We designed the hydrodeoxygenation catalysts and the feasible process using the prepared catalysts. The deoxygenated hydrocarbon fuels was successfully produced and the stability of hydrodeoxy-genation processes was observed.
P-BE-004 004
A Study on Synthesis of High Concentrate Methane
from Biogas Methanation over 20% Ni-Mg-Al2O3
Catalyst
Danbee Han, Yunji Kim, Hyunseung Byun, and Youngsoon Baek*
Department of Environment-energy engineering, University of
Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Excessive use of fossil fuel uses have a negative impact on climate change and are showing worldwide interest in replacing them with renewable energy sources. The inter-mittent production of renewable energy has overcome the unstable supply problem with battery power storage but remains a problem due to the limitations of battery tech-nology such as cost, life, and storage capacity. Recently, systems that utilize electricity produced from renewable energy to produce hydrogen from water electrolytes or, if necessary, in conjunction with fuel cells are drawing atten-
76 AFORE 2019
tion. In addition, Power to Gas technology, which produces methane from the reaction of hydrogen with carbon dioxide and links it to the gas network, has been proposed as an promising technology. Power to Gas technology is highly flexible to demand control as it can be used by utilizing renewable energy, processing carbon dioxide, and producing methane.The purpose of this study is to increase CH4 concentration through the CO2 methanation reaction in biogas to make extensive use of biogas. CO2 methanation experiments were carried out on various biogas with appropriate CH4 and CO2 composition ratios over 20% Ni-Mg-Al2O3 catalyst. The effects on the CO2 conversion and CH4 selectivity with the amount of CH4, N2 and H2O were tested under the conditions of CO2/H2 ratio of 1: 4 and space velocity of 26,500/hr.
P-BE-005 005
Effects of O2 and CO2 as Oxidizing Agnet on Syngas
(or Hydrogen) Production from Biogas
Danbee Han, Yunji Kim, Hyunseung Byun, and Youngsoon Baek*
Department of Environment-energy engineering, University of
Suwon, Gyenggi-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Natural gas reforming is the most widely used technology for hydrogen production through syngas. However, in long term, hydrogen must be produced from renewable sources, and a biogas is one of the promising renewable sources for hydrogen production. Biogas consists mainly of 55–65% of methane(CH4), and 30–45% of carbon dioxide(CO2). Biogas reforming is a useful technique for producing high value- added chemical feed stocks and fuels using greenhouse gases of CO2 and CH4. In this study, a simulation was performed to measure the conversion rate of CH4 and CO2 and the H2/CO yield with ratios of CO2/CH4 (namely, 0.5, 1 and 2). Simulation results show that the optimum condition of the CO2/CH4 ratio is 0.5, and thus the biogas reforming experiment over the 3wt% Ni/Ce-MgO-ZrO2/Al2O3 catalyst was performed under these conditions by adding O2. CH4 and CO2 conversion and syngas yield were evaluated by varying the value of R[= (CO2+O2)/CH4] on the effect of CO2 and O2 as a oxidant of CH4. In addition, steam was added to the biogas reforming to carry out its effect on CO2 and CH4 conversion. The experiment was carried out on the durability and activity of the 200-hour catalyst under the optimal conditions of R=0.7 and 850°C and 1 atmosphere.
P-BE-006 006
Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Organosolv Lignin
from Herbaceous Biomass : The Influence of
Temperature
Hye Won Kim1, Ga Hee Kim2, and Byung Hwan Um2,*
1Bioenergy Research, GRI Co., Ltd, Anseong, Republic of Korea
2Department of Chemical engineering, Hankyong National
University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The potential of various lignins obtainable in Korea for bio-fuel applications was assessed at characteristic analysis and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) process. The lignin were then characterized by FT-IR, 31P NMR and sugar analysis. FTIR and 31P NMR of lignins showed hydroxyphenyl (H), guaiacyl (G) and syringyl (S) units. The HTL of lignins in the presence of EtOH was studied as function of temperature (280–350 °C) at residence times of 30 min in 1L batch re-actor. Bio-oil was analyzed by high calorie value, and ele-mental composition etc. The influence of the feedstock bet-ween various lignins on the yield and composition was investigated. The results show that bio-oil, water-soluble organics (WSO), char and gas yields were influenced by the feedstock and the reaction temperature, affect the products obtained differently.
P-BE-007 007
A Study on the Tar Reduction of Syngas in Bio-Oil
Gasification Process
Jae Gyu Hwang, Dong Hyuk Choi, Seong Wan Hong,
Seung Hyeon Hong, and Hang Seok Choi*
Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University,
Wonju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
To prepare for the depletion of fossil fuels and global warming, various new and renewable energies were studied by researchers. Among these renewable energies, bio-energy using biomass as the raw material of renewable energy is considered to be most promising. In the bio-gasification process, raw biomass and bio-oil from the fast pyrolysis of biomass can be used as samples. From the gasification, syngas which has higher heating value(HHV) higher than air can be obtained. And after a suitable processes, syngas can be applied to produce the high quality synthetic fuel. Bio-oil gasification is economically more advantageous than biomass gasification. Also, the biocrude-oil gasification technology is capable of producing high quality syngas because of low tar concentration in syngas and high yield of hydrogen and carbon monoxide compared with biomass gasification technology. Furthermore, biocrude-oil gasification can reduce the size of the process and the production cost by constructing the system with a relatively simple post - purification process. For these reasons, in the present study, the gasification of pyrolysis oil in a downdraft and fixed gasifier was performed. To compare the syngas charactersitics, reaction temperature and catalyst were changed. From the results, the optimal condition for producing high quality syngas was derived.
AcknowledgeThis study was carried out with the support of ´R&D Program for
Forest Science Technology (Project No. “2017052C10-1919-BB02”)
provided by Korea Forest Service(Korea Forestry Promotion Institute).
And this work was supported by the Korea Institute of Energy
Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) and the Ministry of
Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea (No.
20184030202240).
Poster Abstracts 77
P-BE-008 008
Water Recycling of Microalgal Cultivations for
Sustainable Biodiesel Production
Sungjun An, Nakyeong Lee, Mikyoung Jung, Young-Eun Kim,
Myeonghwa Park, and You-Kwan Oh*
School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Busan National
University, Busan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
According to water-dependent culture characteristics, photo-synthetic microalgal cultivation for biodiesel production purpose requires much more water than energy crops. In this study, effects of water recycling on cell growth and lipid production of Chlorella sp. KR-1 during repeated photo-bioreactor batch cultures were investigated. For effective algal biomass production, all the nutrients in N8 medium were added to the spent media after batch cultivations. Recycling the water up to 2 times showed cell growths similar to that of the initial culture, but additional water reuse resulted in a slight decrease in the growth rate and final cell density. After water recycling for the first time, bacteria population and dissolved organic matter (DOM) significantly increased about 1.5 and 2 times compared to the initial culture, after which, they showed similar densities regardless of water reuse. Interestingly, algal cultures showed a stable lipid production performance (290±23 mg fatty acid methyl ester[FAME]/g cell) regardless of water recycling. Additional water recycling experiments are in progress.
P-BE-009 009
Bioelectrochemical Acetate Production from Carbon
Dioxide: Microbial Dynamics and Electron Mediator
Junhyung Kim1, Young-Eun Kim1, Young Eun Song1, Eunhee Seol1,
Soo Youn Lee2, Jung Rae Kim1, and You-Kwan Oh1,*
1School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Busan National
University, Busan, Republic of Korea
2Gwangju Bioenergy R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy
Research (KIER), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In this study, bioelectrochemical system (BES) was investi-gated to convert CO2 into acetate using a microbial community as a biocatalyst. BES showed stable acetate production performance after 90 d operation at -1.1 V (vs Ag/AgCl) with a sludge inoculum. Electroactive microbial community was analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) technique. Sixteen (16) distinct bands were detected, purified, sequenced and identified by 16S rRNA gene-fragment analysis. Arcobacter butzleri, Acetobacterium wieringae, Sporomusa sphaeroides, Oscillospira guilliermondii and Lentimicrobium saccharophilum were indicated as dominant microorganisms based on the strong band intensities. These microorganisms have been reported to have autotrophic metabolism and/or isolated under bioelectrochemical condi-tions elsewhere. To enhance acetate production from CO2, effect of methyl viologen (MV) as an external electron
mediator was also investigated in the range of 0.05 to 0.5 mM. The optimal MV concentration was 0.05 mM and maximal acetate productivity and Coulombic efficiency were estimated to be 0.2 mmol/L/h and 42%, respectively. Further optimization including voltage is in progress.
E&LCT : Environment&Low Carbon Technology
P-E&LC-001 010
Application of Microbubble/Catalyst System for
High-Concentration Livestock Wastewater Reuse and
Pollutant Removal
Donggwan Lee, Yee Paek, Jin Kyung Kwon, and Jae Kyung Jang*
Department of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of
Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The purpose of this study is to develop a microbubble/ catalyst system to obtain agricultural water quality that can be reused by removing pollutants contained in livestock wastewater with by turbidity, organic pollutants, nitrogen, and antibiotics. To prove the advanced effect of system, three domestic livestock wastewater treatment facilities were selected. The initial characteristics (organic pollutants, Anti-biotics) were analyzed by sampling raw livestock waste-water and liquid fertilizer. The concentration range of COD, TSS, and NH3-N was 7,000~11,300 mg/L, 3,000~11,000 mg/L and 790~2,910 mg/L, respectively in raw wastewater and 3,000~6,000 mg/L, 2,000~3,000 mg/L, and 1,250~2,900 mg/L in liquid fertilizer. Three antibiotics (Amoxicillin, Chlortetracycline, Florfenicol, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) with high persistence and consumption were selected to improve decomposition ability. The concentration range of antibiotics was 30~55 µm/L (Amoxicillin), 4~200 µm/L (Chlortetracy-cline), N.D. (Florfenicol), respectively in raw wastewater. The initial characteristics of wastewater were different for each local livestock wastewater treatment plant. Experiments were carried out using a liquid fertilizer through aerobic biological reactor having an average concentration value. When the microbubble was applied at the livestock waste-water treatment system, COD, TSS, and NH3-N removal efficiencies were 78.30%, 89.05% and 54.69%, respectively. In order to maximize the removal efficiency, microbubble and catalyst system were fused to the laboratory scale and the effect of sludge and organic pollutants was reduced.
AcknowledgementThis study was carried out with the support of “Research Program
for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (Project No.
PJ01427501)”, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural
Development Administration, Korea.
P-E&LC-002 011
Non-Catalytic Reduction of N2O with C3H8 in
Oxy-CFBC
Min-Kyu Jeon, Young-Kon Choi, Chung-Kyu Lee, Sang-In Keel,
and Jin-Han Yun*
78 AFORE 2019
Korea Dept. of environmental Machinery, Korea Institute of
Machinery & Materials, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
As a next-generation thermal power generation technology, Oxy-fuel Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion (Oxy-CFBC) has advantages such as high concentration CO2 separation from flue gas, supercritical power generation, and reduction of NOx formation. N2O can be produced during Oxy-CFBC, and it has a global warming potential (GWP) of 310 times that of CO2. In previous study, it is known that N2O can be formed as by-products via the reaction on coal surface in the combustion chamber and the reduction process of NOx to N2 in CFBC. During the reduction process, the N2O formation was affected by the reaction temperature, type and amount of reducing agent in SNCR. This study discuss about non- catalytic reduction for N2O in Oxy-CFBC. First, N2O thermal decomposition is introduced in order to understand its pyrolysis characteristics with the variables of residence time and temperature in the tubular reactor. The reaction initiated at 1000K, and most reaction was completed at 1400K. A second, non-catalytic reduction characteristic with a reducing agent is explained. Within the same temperature, the effi-ciency of N2O decomposition was varied depending on the injection amount of the reducing agent. Therefore, this research helps to understand the characteristics of pyrolysis and non-catalytic reduction for N2O and to develop practical technology on N2O decomposition.
P-E&LC-003 012
Characteristics Research of de-NOX in Oxy-Fuel
Combustion for the Application of Power Generation
Facilities
Young-Kon Choi, Min-Kyu Jeon, Chung-Kyu Lee, Sang-In Keel,
and Jin-Han Yun*
Korea Dept. of environmental Machinery, Korea Institute of
Machinery & Materials, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Currently, global warming is proceeding with severe level. Generally, it is known that about 25% of GHGs are generated in the power generation sector. Therefore, today’s power generation industry is making an effort to develop greenhouse gas and pollutant control technology beyond merely energy supply. Since, it is urgent to develop appli-cable GHG reduction technologies, it is highly dependent on coal-fired power generation. As a result, carbon dioxide capture and storage technology, which is easy to apply to coal-fired power generation, uses pure oxygen as a com-bustion oxidant instead of the air to reduce the generation of thermal NOx due to N2 in air Oxy-fuel Combustion has been actively studied. Thus, the purpose of this study is to opti-mize the thermal power generation and renewable energy environment facilities and improve the performance. In this study, the reduction characteristics of NOx were obtained by applying the optimized de-NOx technique in an Oxy-CFBC system. Selective non - catalytic reduction (SNCR) was applied to the furnace denitrification technique and Urea (40 wt. % in H2O) was used as the reducing agent. As an experi-
mental parameters, the injection methods of oxidizing agent and the change of NSR (NH3 / NO) were applied.
P-E&LC-004 013
Design of a Reactor of Gas Scrubber based on
Similitude Theory
Jonghyuk Yoon, Hyoungwoon Song*, and Hee Suk Jung
Plant Process Development Center, Institute for Advanced
Engineering, Yongin, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
With a significant advance in a semiconductor industry, lots of interests have been concentrated on after-treatment system that purify waste gases produced from semiconductor fabri-cation process. Various gas scrubbers are being used to purify the waste gases from the processes. An efficient design of the pyrolysis reactor is essential in a scrubber system due to the overall operation stability and destruction & removal efficiency (DRE). In the present study, the thermal and flow characteristics in the reactor were analyzed through experiments and numerical analysis using a small- scale model of simplified pyrolysis reactor. In addition, a prototype model of pyrolysis reactor was designed through analysis result of small-scale model based on the similitude law. The results of this study can be used as basic data for analyzing thermal and flow characteristics in a variety of scrubber systems.
AcknowledgementThis project is supported by the ‘‘R&D Center for the reduction of
Non-CO2 Greenhouse gases (2017002420001)” funded by the Korea
Ministry of Environment (MOE) as the Global Top Environment R&D
Program.
P-E&LC-005 014
Effect of Heat Recovery Equipment in a Reactor of
Scrubber System
Jonghyuk Yoon, Hyoungwoon Song*, and Hee Suk Jung
Plant Process Development Center, Institute for Advanced
Engineering, Yongin, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
There is a growing interest in gas scrubber devices for efficiently treating process waste gases generated in semi-conductor manufacturing processes. In general, the waste gas emitted after the process is primarily decomposed in a reactor, and unreacted harmful gas is finally purified through a wet or dry scrubbing system. Depending on the type of waste gas, various combinations of heat sources and the scrubbing method are used in the reactor. The flameless catalytic thermal oxidation (FCTO) scrubber system, which combines electro-thermal heater and the catalytic decom-position method, has been widely used in the semiconductor industry fields. Various studies have been carried out re-garding these gas scrubbers. However, most of the studies have focused on the flow characteristics of the washing water and pollutant gas, and there is a lack of study on the heat recovery of waste gas exhausted from the reactor.
Poster Abstracts 79
Therefore, in this study, the thermal and flow characteristics in the reactor were analyzed through experiments and nu-merical analysis using a small-scale model of simplified reactor. In addition, the effect of the two types of heat re-covery systems installed in the reactor were evaluated trough the numerical analysis and the experimental method.
AcknowledgementThis project is supported by the ‘‘R&D Center for the reduction of
Non-CO2 Greenhouse gases (2017002420001)” funded by the
Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE) as the Global Top Environment
R&D Program.
P-E&LC-006 015
Estimation of Monthly Average Daily Radiation in
Mongolia Using Angstrom-Prescott Regression
Models
Sainbold Saranchimeg1, Nirmal K.C. Nair1, Enebish Namjil2,*,
Molor Sharkhuu2, and Mendbayar Bayarsaikhan2
1University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
2Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of
Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Mongolia has attracted much attention internationally thanks to its abundant solar energy resource. A large amount of solar power could be exported to North East Asian countries from the PV plants in the Gobi Desert. However, there is a lack of studies which cover solar radiation estimation in Mongolia. In this paper, new empiric models based on Angstrom-Prescott regression are proposed for solar radiation estimation in Mongolia. The proposed models were used to calculate a monthly average daily radiation in two cities of Mongolia and calculation results were compared with existing models by using measurement data. The hourly solar radiation measurement at Altai and Choibalsan cities between 2004 and 2013 were used for statistical comparison and develop-ment of new models’ empiric coefficients. The data were measured at ground weather stations of Information and Research Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environ-ment Mongolia. Proposed models show the best agreement with measurement data in statistical comparison along with an existing model, which is latitude related.
P-E&LC-007 016
Study on Renewable Energy Utilization in Energy
Self-Sufficient Rural Areas in South Korea
Jin Young Kim1, Alice Downham1, Hyun-Goo Kim1,*,
Yong-Heack Kang1, Sangmin Cho2, Seung Moon Lee2,
Chang-Yeol Yun1, and Chang Ki Kim1
1New and Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea
Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2New and Renewable Energy Team, Korea Energy and Economic
Institute, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Korean government has established and implemented a policy
of expanding the supply of renewable energy centered on solar and wind power, and the energy mix began to take into consideration energy conversion. In 2030, the company plans to increase the share of renewable energy generation by 20%, mainly from solar and wind. It is hoped that the nation will strategically achieve 40% of this goal through small-scale public participation projects, and ultimately ex-pand the supply of renewable energy through voluntary renewable energy generation projects by consumers. There-fore, in order to expect consumers ‘voluntary expansion of renewable energy generation projects, it is necessary to supply renewable energy plans that take into account the characteristics of consumers’ energy use. According to the 2018 Renewable Energy White Paper, it is confirmed that solar energy alone can account for about 77% of Korea’s total power generation, considering the market conditions. This is a fragmentary result compared with the national total energy unit. This study analyzes the renewable energy independence rate considering the regional characteristics at the national level by comparing the con-verged renewable energy with the actual power consumption in rural area.
AcknowledgementThis work was supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology
Evaluation and Planning(KETEP) and the Ministry of Trade, Industry
& Energy(MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea (No. 20194210200010).
P-E&LC-008 017
GIS-Based Analysis of Potential Agro-Residue
Biomass Resources and Bioenergy Plant Locations in
the Republic of Korea
Alice Downham, Jin-Young Kim, and Hyun-Goo Kim*
New-Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea Institute
of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
This study aims to analyse the spatial distribution and quantity of potential agro-residue biomass resources for bioenergy production, and the optimal number, locations and sizes of bioenergy plants, in the Republic of Korea. A GIS-based methodology is utilised to identify candidate bioenergy plant locations and production capacity, and biomass collection areas and transport distances. Areas of high biomass con-centration are derived from Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs ‘Farm Map & Agriculture Geospatial Information Service’ data using map overlay techniques, cartographic modelling of land suitability, and Kernel Density mapping. Biomass transport optimisation is utilised, considering existing transportation networks and spatially varied sources of agro-residue biomass.
AcknowledgementThis work was supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology
Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) and the Ministry of Trade, Industry
& Energy (MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea (No. 20194210200010).
80 AFORE 2019
ESS/SG&MG : Energy Storage System / Smart Grid&Micro Grid
P-ESS/SG&MG-001 018
Optimization of ESS Container Air Conditioning
System through Thermal Flow Analysis
Jun Young Kim*, Jae Ho Choi, and Jae Woo Park
New & Renewable Energy Material Development Center of the
Jeonbuk National University, Buan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In order to optimize the ESS container air conditioning system, heat flow analysis was performed inside the container. We installed and monitored the thermometer / hygrometer inside the configured ESS container and tested the air conditioning system composition according to the battery location and capacity.Air conditioning system and hybrid air conditioning system simulation of ESS container through simulation of flow / structural analysis, and temperature distribution analysis of ESS container was performed using infrared thermal image camera to derive a suitable air conditioning system for ESS container.
P-ESS/SG&MG-002 019
Possibilities of Using Gravity Storage for Very Large
Scale Solar Power Generation in Mongolia
Namjil Enebish1,*, Eduard R. Heindl2, and Zolbayar Jargalsaikhan3
1Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of
Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
2Department of Business Computing, Furtwangen University,
Furtwangen, Germany
3Department of Physics Engineering, Khovd State University,
Mongolia
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Gravity Storage is a new type of the pumped hydro tech-nology which can be successfully used in arid and desert areas. This is especially interesting for Very Large Scale Photovoltaic systems in the desert area, like Gobi Desert of Mongolia. The technology is based on the excavation of a large piston of natural rock in the underground that is sealed against its natural environment. During a storage cycle, water is pumped, using cheap electricity, below the piston, to lift the piston and store thereby the energy in potential energy in the gravitation field. During energy demand, the piston is lowered, and a water turbine generates AC power for the grid. The decisive variable with such energy storage lies in the storage capacity. It increases with the fourth power of the radius, r4. The construction costs however only increase with the square of the radius, r². This means that the construction costs increase substantially more slowly than the storage capacity. Thus, very low costs per kilowatt hour of storage capacity are possible as the price per kilowatt hour of storage capacity decreases with 1/r². This is the outstanding competitive advantage of this storage concept. The paper provides insights of comprehensive studies of the
gravity storage system and broader assessment of the Levelized Cost of Storage of the Gravity Storage system for Very Large Scale Photovoltaic Solar Power generation in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia.
GE : Geothermal Energy
P-GE-001 020
Heating Effects Analysis of Heat Pump System Using
Underground Spring Water in Jeju
YounKoo Kang*, SeokHo Park, and JongPil Moon
Protected Horticulture Research Institute, NIHHS, RDA, Haman,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The purpose of this study is to reduce CO2 emissions and heating energy cost and to broaden the use field of unused energy by using underground spring water as an energy source. The heat pump system using underground spring water as a heat source is a general water-to-air heat pump system. The total installation capacity of the system is 210 kW (60 RT). The system was installed in a greenhouse of 2,000m2 in Wolpyeong-dong, Seogwipo-si, Jeju. The green-house heating effect and the inlet temperature variation of the evaporator were analyzed in the middle of February to early March, because it was the coldest in the heating period and the germination period of the flower. When heating the greenhouse with the system, the greenhouse inner tempera-ture was well maintained at the setting temperature of 15°C. Also, the heating COP of the system was from 4.3 to 4.9 when average temperature of the underground spring water was 15.0°C and average inlet air temperature of condenser was 8.4°C. The inlet water temperature of the evaporator tended to drop from 17°C to 10°C during the heating period of night. In this study, heating effect of the greenhouse, the heating energy cost reduction effect, and the CO2 emission reduction effect will be analyzed. This study was supported by RDA (Research Project No. PJ01350701).
P-GE-002 021
Cooling and Heating Performance Simulation of
Ground-Source Heat Pump System in School
Building
Byonghu Sohn*, and Jaesik Kang
Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology,
Goyang, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Ground-source heat pump (GSHP) systems have become an efficient alternative to conventional cooling and heating methods due to their higher energy using efficiency. These systems use the ground as a heat source in heating and a heat sink in cooling mode operation. The purpose of this simulation study is to evaluate the performance of a hypo-thetical GSHP system in a school building. We collected various data of building specifications and construction
Poster Abstracts 81
materials for an actual school building (10,432 m2) in Seoul and then modeled to calculate the hourly building loads with SketchuUp and TRNSYS V17. In addition, we used GLD (Ground Loop Design) V2016, a GSHP system design and simulation software tool, to evaluate hourly and monthly performance of the GSHP system. The energy consumption for the GSHP system based on the hourly simulation results were estimated to be 76.6 MWh/year for cooling and 187.0 MWh/year for heating. The seasonal performance factor (SPF) of the GSHP system was also calculated to be in the range of 3.2∼5.0.
AcknowledgementThis work was supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology
Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) and the Ministry of Trade, Industry
& Energy of the Republic of Korea. (No. 20172010105610)
P-GE-003 022
Thermal Property Measurement of Bentonite-Based
Grout and Their Effects on Design Length of VGHE
Byonghu Sohn1,*, Kwang Soo Kim1, and Hyo Jae Lim2
1Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology
(KICT), Goyang, Republic of Korea
2Geothermal Education Center, Hoseo University, Asan, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
A Ground-source heat pump (GSHP) system is considered as an energy-efficient and cost effective cooling and heating system for buildings. In a GSHP system, a vertical ground heat exchanger (VGHE) is widely accepted due to a higher thermal performance. In the VGHE, grout (also called grouting material) plays an important role in the heat transfer performance and the initial installation cost of the VGHE. A Bentonite-based grout has been used in practice as an excellent material to backfill a borehole for the VGHE because of its high swelling potential and low hydraulic conductivity. This study evaluated the thermo-physical properties of the bentonite-based grouts through lab-scale measurements. In addition, we conducted performance si-mulation to analyze the effect of mixed ratio of grouts on the design length and thermal performance of the VGHE. The simulation results show that thermally-enhanced grouts improve the heat transfer performance of the VGHE and thus reduce the design length of GHE pipe.
AcknowledgementThis paper is the result of the KICT project (No.20190161), financially
supported by the Ministry of Science, Technology, Information and
Communication of the republic of Korea.
HF : Hydrogen&Fuel Cell
P-HF-001 023
Plasma-Catalyst Combined Reforming Technology
for Hydrogen Porduction
Dae Hyun Choi*, and Tai Hyeop Lho
Plasma Technology Research Center, National Fusion Research
Institute, Gunsan , Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Steam-Methane reforming reaction (SMR) is used in industry for producing a large amount of hydrogen. In general, SMR has been carried out at the temperature ranges of 700 ~ 1000°C in a commercial catalysts.SMR reactor has been designed complicatedly considering the catalyst thermal management and if the thermal manage-ment fails, the catalyst during the reforming reaction is agglomerated in the temperatures and showing the degra-dation of catalytic performance with a carbon deposition on the surface of catalyst. Further, SMR process has a time for the catalyst temperature distribution at the start of the reaction. However, in the case of a hydrogen station for the automobiles, hydrogen production requires a technique of controlling the amount of production over time and pro-ducing hydrogen in a short period of time. If hydrogen is produced in a short time using plasma and stable supply of hydrogen is achieved by using SMR, hydrogen station can be economically operated.We report the methane reforming in a steam plasma generated by microwaves at atmospheric pressure. 2.45 GHz microwave generator was used for plasma genera-tion, and plasma power was applied up to 6 KW. The feed gas was fixed at a steam flow rate of 45 g/min and the steam- carbon ratio varied to find stable condition for producing hydrogen. The catalyst used in the SMR process was Nickel based commercial model (KATALCO 57-7, Johnson Matthey Co.). It was possible in less than 5 minutes to produce about 70% hydrogen from the plasma process. In this work, it was confirmed that plasma and catalyst combined reforming process significantly reduce the time required to stably produce hydrogen at a high concentration.
P-HF-002 024
A Study on the Real-Time Monitoring Center System
for Energy Filling Station
Yeon Jin Ku, Pil Jong Kim, Dong Hwan Kim, Song Hyun Park, and
Yun Sil Huh*
Korea Gas Safety Corporation, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Recently, internal combustion engine automobiles using fossil fuels in the transport sector have been highlighted as the main sources of greenhouse gas and fine dust emissions, and environmentally friendly vehicles are attracting attention. Among environmentally friendly automobiles, hydrogen cars, which use hydrogen as their main fuel, are in the spotlight because they produce heat and electricity by oxygen and chemical humidification, and byproducts are only H2O.As a result, the Korean government plans to supply 6.2 million hydrogen cars and 1,200 hydrogen filling stations by 2010, with 1,079 hydrogen cars and 15 charging stations. . However, there is no organization that specializes in mana-ging the operating status and safety management of the charging stations that are being operated, and it is impossible
82 AFORE 2019
to identify and improve the problems in the field.Therefore, this study establishes a real-time monitoring situation center for stable operation and safety management of charging stations and refueling stations in Korea in real time and designed accident prevention model by collecting, analyzing. It is possible to monitor systematic safety manage-ment of the charging station by analyzing the risk factor data by receiving the data of the charging station for verifi-cation at real time. The real-time monitoring system for demonstration charging stations is expected to be used as a system for the operation and safety management of all charging stations in the future.
AcknowledgementThis study was supported by the Energy Security Technology
Development Project of Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy and
Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning.
[20162220100180 (A) study on risk assessment of hydrogen multi
energy filling station]
P-HF-003 025
A Study on Real Time Monitoring System of
LPG-Hydrogen Combined Fueling Stations
Song Hyun Park, Dong Hwan Kim, Yeon Jin Ku, Pil Jong Kim, and
Yun Sil Huh*
Korea Gas Safety Corporation, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In January 2019, the government announced the “Roadmap for Activating the Hydrogen Economy”, planning to Hydro-gen charging stations to promote the diffusion of hydrogen vehicles and build up to 310 hydrogen filling stations with the aim of reducing 35% of the fine dust emissions by 2022. The hydrogen charging station in Korea has been predicted and diagnosed through monitoring, but the judgment system is relatively insufficient. Therefore, It is necessary to tho-roughly evaluate all the standards and safety policies for domestic hydrogen charging stations, and it is necessary to support the required technical safety assurance.In this study, we analyze the data of the hydrogen filling station through the criterion and safety evaluation in terms of domestic situation, and build a real-time monitoring system, thereby contributing to the construction of the safe hydrogen filling station and the work efficiency by improving the safety management of the real-time monitoring system. It is confirmed that the hydrogen supply system, filling pressure, vehicle pressure, vehicle temperature, etc. conform to the SAE_J2601 standard by analyzing the data of the LPG-hydrogen filling station in real time and aims to secure the completeness and reliability of the LPG-hydrogen com-bined fueling stations. With the analysis of the measured data and the efficient management of the refueling infra-structure through objective data and forecasting, it is anti-cipated to prepare for actual accidents and provide useful judgment information.
AcknowledgementThis study was supported by the Energy Security Technology
Development Project of Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy and
Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning.
[20162220100180 (A) study on risk assessment of hydrogen multi
energy filling station]
P-HF-004 026
A Study on the Analysis of Operational Monitoring
Data Based on the Verification of the Hydrogen Multi
Energy Filling Station
Dong Hwan Kim, Song Hyun Park, Yeon Jin Ku, Pil Jong Kim, and
Yun Sil Huh*
Korea Gas Safety Corporation, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The government recently proposed a goal of building 67,000 hydrogen electric vehicles and 310 hydrogen filling stations in Korea by 2022 under the hydrogen economy road map. Accordingly, the diffusion of domestic hydrogen electric vehicles is expected to increase. In addition, as the hydrogen filling station can be installed in the city center with the approval of “Installation of the city center hydrogen filling station” as the regulation sandbox No.1 which exempted or defer existing regulations, research for securing the filling station safety and safety standard suitable for the domestic environment are absolutely necessary.In this study, real - time monitoring data of fueling stations according to spring, summer, autumn and winter conditions (temperature, humidity, etc.) were collected and analyzed by using collected core data. We analyzed the phenomena that occur when the hydrogen car is charged, such as the pressure, temperature change, and the relationship between the high and low buffer tank during charging of the vehicle. It will be used as the basic data for the data development data of the real time monitoring program analysis algorithm through the operation data analysis of the hydrogen fueled complex charging station. We will use the results of the study to reflect the safety standards related to the operation and charging of the hydrogen filling station in the future.
AcknowledgementThis study was supported by the Energy Security Technology
Development Project of Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy and
Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning.
[20162220100180 (A) study on risk assessment of hydrogen multi
energy filling station]
P-HF-005 027
A Hazard Assessment of Fuel Systems for Application
to Unmanned Aircraft
Jun-Young Kang, Gun-Woo Oh, Min-Woo Kim, Hyo-Jung Bang,
and Jung-Woon Lee*
Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The unmanned aerial vehicle, called drones, was initially developed for military use, but its range of use has expanded and is being used in many areas, including hobbies, trans-portation, agriculture, surveillance and so on.Generally, the power source of the drone is used by battery, but due to low energy density, there is a limit to flight time
Poster Abstracts 83
and payload. In order to solve these problems, attempts have been made to use hydrogen energy with high energy density as a power source. For this reason, several groups are in the midst of research to install fuel cell systems in the drones. However, compared to the progress of research, there are not enough safety standards for applying fuel cell systems to drone. Hydrogen, used as fuel in fuel cells, is a combustible material, which is stored in high-pressure containers and can cause serious damage if an accident occurs. Therefore, safety assessment is essential when applying fuel cells to drones, and this study aims to assess the risk of the application of fuel cell systems in the unmanned aerial vehicles.To this end, the fuel cell system’s parts, materials, structures, etc. were evaluated and the safety design direction of the system was proposed.
P-HF-006 028
A Study on Risk Assessment of Alkaline Water
Electrolysis System and Application of Safety
Standards
Min-Woo Kim, Ji-Hye Kim, Eun-Kyung Lee, and Jung-Woon Lee*
Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Recently, the amount of renewable energy such as solar, wind power is steadily increasing in order to establish energy security and friendly environmental society around the world. In Europe, the hydrogen energy storage system(HESS) using water electrolysis is already developed and demonstrated to solve the problem of grid power instability and surplus power caused by the increase of renewable energy. HESS has the advantage of storing large amount of hydrogen because it has more storage capacity and time than a battery energy storage system(BESS). But, it is necessary to consider the property of hydrogen(explosive gas) and it is additionally required to derive the risk factor by operating conditions. In alkaline water electrolysis system, differential pressure, current density and electrolyte mixing problems by operating conditions are important variables that can cause accidents. In addition, due to the characteristics of the system using the corrosive alkaline aqueous solution, problems such as selec-tion of materials and structures must be provided, and it is required to prevent the occurrence of accidents through safety devices from various risk factors.The purpose of this study is to construct a node in each part of the alkaline water electrolysis system, to identify the risk factors, and to provide safety and improvement measures. Therefore, it is thought that it can contribute to the achieve-ment of safe hydrogen society by supplementing and impro-ving the safety standards that are not yet available in Korea.
P-HF-007 029
Examination of Applicable Laws and Regulations for
Wind Power-Water Electrolysis-Fuel Cell
Interconnection System
Ji-Hye Kim, Min-Woo Kim, Eun-Kyung Lee*, and Jung-Woon Lee
Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Techniques for producing hydrogen using surplus power generated from renewable energy are being studied in various fields all over the world. Techniques for producing hydrogen are divided into fossil fuel-based technologies and non-fossil fuel-based technologies. The water electrolysis technology is one of the most used non-fossil fuel tech-nologies and has the advantage of producing hydrogen with higher purity than other technologies. It is an environmentally friendly technology that produces hydrogen and oxygen using only electricity and water. Typical electrolysis techniques include Alkaline Water Electrolysis (AWE) using alkaline electrolytes, PEMWE (Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolysis) using a polymer electrolyte, and SOWE (Solid Oxide Water Electrolysis) using a solid oxide. It is important to establish measures such as safety standards related to water electrolysis system. At present, there are established standards and codes related to water supply in foreign countries. How-ever, in Korea, there are not enough standards related to water electrolysis. In this study, we reviewed the laws and regulations for the safe design of the system linking renewable energy and water. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that it will help to establish and demonstrate the linkage system by deriving the safety standards related to the wind energy-water electrolysis-fuel cell system.
P-HF-008 030
Analysis of Safety Performance Evaluation Results
for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack
Gun-Woo Oh, Tae-Sung Park, and Eun-Kyung Lee*
Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
With the advent of the hydrogen economy, research on hydrogen fuel cells is being carried out actively. In particular, fuel cells can be installed in various applications due to their high power generation efficiency, space efficiency, and ease of control of power generation scale. Fuel cells can be divided into low temperature fuel cells and high temperature fuel cells. Since Solid Oxide Fuel Cells have high power generation efficiency, technology development is underway in various fields ranging from several KW classes to several MWs. However, because it operates at high temperatures, it requires high technical skills in system design, such as structural design or material selection. Among them, the fuel cell stack is a key technology for fuel cells, and safety performance evaluation on the stack is essential. In this study, we performed a safety performance assessment for a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell stack of high temperature fuel cells. Safety performance assessment items for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell stacks were derived and some of the items were evaluated. The results of this study will be used as basic data for the development of safety performance evaluation technology of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell stack and contributed to the activation of fuel cell diffusion in the future.
84 AFORE 2019
P-HF-009 031
A Study on the High Pressure Tank for the
Development of Fuel Cell System for Drone
Gun Woo Oh*, Hyojoong Bang, Jung Woon Lee, and
Jun Young Kang
Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Recently, the use of “drone” around the world has become diverse, including agriculture, security, transportation, commu-nication and structure. However, lithium-ion batteries, currently used as the main power source for drones, have a shorter flight time due to their low energy density per unit weight, and the weight of the batteries makes it difficult to fit additional equipment using the drones. To solve this problem, we want to use hydrogen energy with high energy density. Fuel cells are one of the ways to use hydrogen energy. When a fuel cell is used as the main energy of a drone, it can fly for a long time because the amount of hydrogen used as a fuel can increase. A high-pressure tank shall be fitted for the supply of hydrogen. In this study, the research is conducted on the development of high-pressure tanks that are mounted on drones.The high-pressure tank is developed through the reference analysis of KGS AC411 (Metal Liner Composite Material Specification) and KGS AC418 (Complex Material Speci-fication Using Non-Metallic Liner).Risk analysis and safety verification according to various issues.
P-HF-010 032
A Study on the Standardization of Fuel Cell Efficiency
Evaluation Method for Building
Gun Woo Oh*, Jung Woon Lee, and Eun Kyung Lee
Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The current government wants to expand the share of re-newable energy generation from 6 percent in 2017 to 20 percent in 2030. Research into renewable energy is brisk, and the paradigm of energy policy is shifting to hydrogen energy. Fuel cells that use hydrogen energy can be made in modular form and can be applied to various fields. It can be used in various places such as buildings, housing, and portable devices. Appropriate design and installation criteria are required for different environments in preparation for the commerciali-zation of fuel cell systems for residential and building pur-poses.In this study, reliability of efficiency measurement value is needed as detailed measurement method for efficiency is not given during performance evaluation, compared to active distribution expansion of fuel cell for building. Therefore, it is intended to develop a measurement method for thermal efficiency.
As a result of this, we intend to develop methods for impro-ving reliability and evaluating efficiency performance for inspection.
P-HF-011 033
A Study on the Demonstration Evaluation of Fuel Cell
for Building by Fuel Gas Composition
Soo-Jin Han, Min-Woo Kim, Gun-Woo Oh, Jung-Woon Lee*, and
Hyo-Jung Bang
Institute of Gas Safety R&D, Korea Gas Safety Corporation,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Recently, the need for energy to replace fossil fuels has been highlighted due to the depletion of fossil fuels and the increase in environmental pollutants. So, fuel cells have been considering as an alternative energy and the commer-cialization is being promoted around the world. However, in order to export the product, it is deemed that the composition of the fuel gas and the odorant, the electric power system, and fuel cell standard shall be identified first, and it should be done together with the fuel cell demon-stration evaluation.In particular, the composition of the gas supplied to the fuel cells varies from country to country, and impurities exist that can adversely affect the performance of the fuel cell system due the poisoning of stack during the process of reforming. Therefore, it is deemed necessary to investigate the composition of city gas and odorant etc. in the exporting country conduct an evaluation on the safety of fuel cells in the impurities conditions through the city gas simulating them. In this study, we analyzed the composition of test gas standards and detailed items in Europe and the city gas supplied to the fuel cell in each exporting country. In addition, simulated gas is produced, and the safety perfor-mance data is secured through the demonstration operation and evaluation of the fuel cell and contribute to the competitiveness and safety formation of the fuel cell system in various installation environments.
P-HF-012 034
A Facile Synthesis of Pd/C Catalyst with Outstanding
Dispersion for Fuel Cells
Jin Ho Hyun1,2, Dongchul Park2, Seok-Hee Park2, and
Gu-Gon Park1,2,*
1Department of Advanced Energy and System Engineering,
University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The supported Palladium nanoparticles on carbon (Pd/C) electrocatalysts are applicable in various fields. Especially, in the fuel cells, Pd/C can be used for core-shell electro-catalyst. Here, we report a facile synthesis of Pd/C electro-catalyst with uniform particle size distribution and good
Poster Abstracts 85
dispersion. The Pd/C electrocatalysts were synthesized with no addition of reduction agents in diethylene glycol (DEG), which serves as solvent and reducing agent in simultaneous. The as-prepared Pd/C electrocatalysts exhibited high electro-chemical active surface area (ECSA) and high electrocatalytic performance toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic and alkaline solution due to the uniform distribution in particle size and good dispersion. The uniformity is well maintained up to 5 g batch, indicating large scale synthesis of Pd/C is possible for commercialization. We also coated Platinum mono-layer on as-prepared Pd/C via ethanol me-diated method for Pd@Pt/C core-shell electrocatalyst. It showed much better ORR activity (0.692 A/mgPt and 0.306 A/mgPGM at 0.9 V) than commercial Pt based catalysts. Through a very simplified method, it was possible to prepare a Pd/C catalyst having an average size of Pd nanoparticles of less than 5 nm and it was confirmed that the resulting Pd/C catalysts can be successfully applied to the core-shell structured electrocatalyst.
P-HF-013 035
Utilizing Waste Copper Cable Wires for the
Development of High-Performance Electrode for
Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Pravin Babar, and Jin Hyeok Kim*
Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center, Department of
Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Currently, electronic waste (e-waste) is the world’s most challenging and rapidly growing problem in the waste stream. To develop an alternative way to use e-waste (waste copper (Cu) wires) to accelerate the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) of water electrolysis, the waste Cu wires are used as a low- cost current collector. We demonstrate a simple electrode-position process to deposit nickel-iron hydroxide (NiFe LDH) nanosheets on self-supported copper hydroxide (Cu(OH)2/Cu) nanowires grown via chemical-oxidation on waste Cu wire. Benefiting from the efficient electron transport, high mass activity, and surface area this electrocatalyst exhibits an efficient OER performance with a low overpotential of 280 mV and 395 mV at 20 and 100 mA cm-2 respectively, with excellent stability. This work provides a promising pathway to recycle e-waste into value-added resources in various energy conversion applications.
P-HF-014 036
An Earth-Abundant, Amorphous Cobalt-Iron-Borate
(Co-Fe-Bi) Prepared on Ni Foam as Highly Efficient
and Durable Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution
Umesh P. Suryawanshi, and Jin Hyeok Kim*
Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Optoelectronics
Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The rational designing of Earth-abundant, low-cost and efficient oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysts is pre-requisite to develop the alternative sustainable energy sources. In this work, we demonstrate the development of a highly efficient and durable electrocatalyst based on an amorphous Co-Fe-Bi directly grown on three-dimensional nickel foam via a facile solution approach. Co-Fe-Bi electrocatalysts on nickel foam exhibits an overpotential of ~ 307 mV to achieve the geometrical current density of 10 mA cm-2, a low Tafel slope of ~ 68.6 mV dec-1 and outstanding durability for 40 h at a mass loading of 1.2 mg cm-2, which is superior to those of borate-based electrocatalysts reported in the literature.
This remarkable preliminary electrocatalytic performance in Co-Fe-Bi originates from the synergistic influence of unique binder-free ultra-thin nanosheets on the three dimensional porous structure, amorphous nature of multimetal-metalloid complex with highly abundant catalytically active sites and high conductivity of nickel foam. This work holds a great promise in the design and development of highly efficient and durable electrocatalysts at a large-scale based on an amorphous bimetallic borate nanosheets using a facile one- step solution process.
P-HF-015 037
Studying the Behavior of Different Stack Designs of
Planar SOFC and Their Effects on Flow Uniformity
Fueled with Biogas
Muhammad Adeel Ashraf1,2, Kashif Rashid2,1,
Iman Rahimipetroudi1,2, and Sang Keun Dong2,1,*
1Department of Advanced Energy and System Engineering, Korea
University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of
Korea
2Thermal Energy System Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research (KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In this work, a 3-D mechanism model of two different stack designs of planar solid oxide fuel cells fueled with biogas is developed. One of the design with rectangular strips sepa-rators while the other has circular guiding vanes separators. The stack flow uniformity index criteria are engaged to inter-rogate the flow characteristics by connecting 5 planar SOFCs in series. Hydrodynamic simulations are employed to examine the flow uniformity not only at the stacks level but also among the channels of the separators. The detailed description of tran-sport processes of chemical/electrochemical reactions with over potential losses are also performed to investigate the effects of flow uniformity on the performance of the stacks. The model is validated by comparing the simulated results with the experimental results. The two different stack designs are compared in terms of species, temperature and current as well as normalized mass flow rates. The results declare that the stack design with rectangular strips separators show higher values of uniformity indexes (over 0.98) than the circular guiding vanes separators design (in the range of 0.88). Al-though the lower flow uniformity for circular guiding vanes separators design but it shows more uniformity in terms of temperature and current density distributions.
86 AFORE 2019
P-HF-016 038
Feasibility Study on the Application of Fuel Cell for
the Greenhouse
Chul-sung Lee*, SeungWook Shin, MiLan Park, Juhyun An, and
Yoon-Ho Park
Future Agricultural Division, Rural Research Institute, Ansan,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected] .kr)
Greenhouse energy consumption accounts for about 30% ~ 40% of total production cost. Therefore, in order for farmers to have competitiveness for greenhouse crop production, the energy cost must be greatly reduced. As a way to reduce energy consumption in the greenhouse efficiently, the appli-cation of renewable energy systems can be considered such as solar, wind, and geothermal energy etc. The fuel cell, a new energy system, generates power and emits heat at the same time, and these can be used for greenhouse heating and cooling. This study investigated the feasibility and validity of fuel cells as a way to reduce the energy cost of the greenhouse through economic analysis. In order to calculated greenhouse energy consumption depending on crop types, a validated greenhouse performance simulation model was used. The model was corrected using data from real green-house and measured energy consumption. The analysis shows that the use of fuel cells in greenhouses significantly reduces the heating and cooling energy consumption and thus energy cost. In particular, the economics of fuel cells was greater in subtropical crop production than in general crops.
P-HF-017 039
Model-Based Fault Diagnosis for the Air Supply
System of a Residential PEMFC
Jinyeon Won1,2, Minjin Kim2,3, Won-Yong Lee2, Yoon-Young Choi2,
Jongsup Hong1,*, and Hwanyeong Oh2,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
2Korea Institute of Energy research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
3Department of Advence Energy and System engineering, Korea
University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
As the supply of residential polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)s is active, it is important to improve the lifetime and durability of PEMFCs. Recently, material-based research is being actively conducted, but system level research is insufficient. In this research, The fault diagnosis technology of the residential PEMFC air supply system has been studied to improve the service life and durability of the system side. Prior to the experiment, a commercial 1 kW residential PEMFC system for fault diagnosis is constructed, and data for each operating load and state (normal state, 6 faults) were collected. The collected data were used to generate models and residuals using various regression trainings. The residual pattern was defined based on the threshold value determined by normalizing the generated residual, and it was confirmed that a fault was detected by applying a model
to steady state data and transient data. As a result, the resi-dual pattern of steady state data was consistent with the learned residual pattern. But, in the transient data, the residual pattern continuously changes as the measured value changes, making it difficult to classify the failure. In this research, Various classification learning methods were used to minimize the error rate and to maximize the accuracy and prediction speed of the status diagnosis. Finally, model-based diagnosis method through regression and classification learning can be used to diagnose steady and transient conditions.
P-HF-018 040
Accelerated Durability Test of 3M 729/PTFE
Reinforced Membranes for PEMFC
Hyejin Lee1, Sung-Hee Shin1, Pratama Juniko Nur1,2, Sojeong Lee1,
Dongwon Shin1, and Byungchan Bae1,2,*
1Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
2Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, University of
Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The chemical and mechanical durability of reinforced 3M 729 membrane was evaluated using a combined OCV (open circuit voltage) -RH wet/dry cycling test. Usually, the degradation of membrane have been monitored through the following acceleration experiments: 1) OCV holding test (chemical degradation) and 2) wet/dry cycling (mechanical degradation) test. Although these accelerated tests could predict the degradation of the membranes, however, those generally required a least couples of months for accurate analytical results. Therefore, revised accelerated test has been suggested by DOE in 2016, so called combined OCV- wet/dry cycling. Newly suggested combined accelerated test can monitor the chemical and mechanical stability of the proton exchange membrane (PEM) for PEM fuel cells at the same time. 3M 729/PTFE reinforced membrane was fabricated by im-pregnating expanded PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) substrate with a 3M 729 polymer solution and annealed at 200 °C. The combined OCV-RH wet/dry cycling test was performed at 90 °C and 0-100% RH with 40 sccm/cm2 H2 to the anode and high purity air to the cathode, respectively. RH wet-dry cycle (30 sec dry / 45 sec wet) under OCV condition was continuously monitored and their electrochemical behavior was analyzed every 1,000 cycle using a potentiostat. The annealed 3M 729/PTFE membrane was stable up to 16,600 cycles, whereas non-annealed one was 5,800 cycles. Herein, we report the details of combined OCV-RH wet/dry cycling test of the membranes and its electrochemical analysis during the test.
P-HF-019 041
Preparation and Characterization of Polymeric
Radical Scavenger for Chemically Stable Proton
Exchange Membrane
Byeol-Nim Lee1,2, Abdul kodir1,2, Sung-Hee Shin1, Dongwon Shin1,
and Byungchan Bae1,2,*
Poster Abstracts 87
1Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
2Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, University of
Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Chemical durable proton exchange membranes have been a challenge for the commercialization of the PEMFC. It has been known that oxidative degradation of the membrane by radical species during the fuel cell operation has resulted in failure of the membranes. Various approaches have been employed to mitigate the oxidative degradation of the mem-branes, for example, introducing radical scavenging additives. Those are kinds of inorganic or organic ones such as cerium and vitamin E. These materials successfully improved the chemical durability of the membrane but, they are known to deteriorate proton conductivity and be leached out of the membrane.In this study, we developed a new type of organic radical scavenger that cannot deteriorate proton conductivity. We modified the chemical structure of organic radical scavengers to increase not only compatibility with perfluorinated sulfonic acid membranes but also its own stability. Prepared composite membranes were characterized by Fenton’s oxidative stability test, FT-IR, tensile strength, conductivity and water uptake. The composite membranes showed better chemical durability than those without radical scavenges. More details about characterizations and durability issues will be addressed.
P-HF-020 042
A Study on Hydrocarbon-Based Membrane Electrode
Assembly for Building Application Fuel Cells
Seunghee Woo, Sung-Dae Yim, and Seok-Hee Park*
Fuel Cell Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER),
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are widely accepted as a clean energy device because of its high energy density and eco-friendly process converting the chemical energy into the electrical energy. Especially perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) ionomers are the most promising state-of-the-art materials as proton exchange membranes for fuel cells. However, PFSA ionomers are some drawbacks such as high production cost and hydrothermal stability [1, 2].In this study, a hydrocarbon-based MEA was prepared at optimum conditions and electrochemical properties were systematically evaluated at 80°C, 50% RH. The plot of high frequency resistance (HFR) vs. membrane thickness of hydro-carbon-based MEAs can be predicted the HFR according to membrane thickness [3]. More details will be discussed.
References[1] J. Peron, Z. Shi, S. Holdcroft, Energy Environ. Sci., 2011, 4, 1575.
[2] M.A. Hickner, H. Ghassemi, Y.S. Kim, B.R. Einsla, J.E. McGrath,
Chem. Rew., 2004, 104, 4587.
[3] Y.S. Kim, K.-S. Lee, Polymer Reviews, 2015, 55, 330.
P-HF-021 043
System Operation and Evaluation for 5kW
High-Temperature PEMFC Stack
Min-Goo CHOI1,2, Minjin KIM1,2, Young-Jun SOHN1,2,
Seung-Gon KIM1, Ji-Hong KIM1, Sungkun LEE3,
Jae-Hoon JEONG3, and Haneul LEE3
1Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Advance Energy and System Technology, Korea
University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
3Dong-A FuelCell CO., LTD, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
PEMFC is the most developed among fuel cell types and is expected to be commercialized. The high temperature PEMFC has the same principle as the power generation of the existing PEMFC, but it can operate at 120 ~ 180 °C compared to the existing low temperature PEMFC which operated at 60 ~ 80 °C. As a result, it has advantages such as minimizing BOP parts, enhancing impurity resistance, and utilizing high tem-perature waste heat, compared to conventional PEMFC. However, the high temperature PEMFC is being commer-cialized a little later than the existing PEMFC, and the current research is being conducted. In particular, the case of 5kW high temperature PEMFC system for buildings is rarely studied in the world. This research is based on the 5kW high temperature PEMFC system manufactured by combining 5kW high temperature PEMFC stack developed through the existing national project and combined with fuel processor and BOP components. In order to raise the relevant technology to the level where the system can be commer-cialized, an experimental study of a 5kW high temperature PEMFC stack was conducted. In fact, the problems that occurred while operating the system were identified, and the impact on the stack was analyzed. Finally, stack design improvement and operation optimization were performed to improve system compatibility, resulting in the improvement of performance and durability of 5kW high temperature PEMFC stack for buildings.
P-HF-022 044
CFD Analysis for Optimizing Superheater BOP for
High Temperature Steam Production for Use in an
SOEC
Yun Ji Kim1, Hyun Seung Byun1, Seong Ryong Park2,
Chong Pyo Cho2, and Young Soon Baek1,*
1Department of Environment-Energy, Suwon University, Hwaseong,
Republic of Korea
2Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Renewable and hydrogen energy is attracting considerable attention for replacing fossil fuels, the main reason of climate change. Solid oxide electrolyzer cells (SOEC) have also been recently gaining attention. SOECs are reversible hydroelectric fuel cell systems that produce electricity from renewable energy and use surplus energy to produce hydro-
88 AFORE 2019
gen. These systems utilize renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and waste heat; in particular, they have the advantage of solving transportation and storage problems through solar and wind energy.In this study, the waste heat of 900°C flue gas from a solid refuse fuel (SRF) combustion furnace was used to generate superheated steam at temperatures greater than 700°C from water vapor at 180°C and 6–9 bar through a cylindrical steam superheater. To find the optimal conditions for generating steam at 700°C or above, the shape of the superheater’s top part, number of steam inlet pipes, length and coil rotation diameter of coil injection pipes, steam inlet and outlet pipe diameters as the superheater’s balance of plant(BOP) were optimized using the FLUENT software. Under the optimal conditions, the steam outlet temperature of superheater with two steam inlet pipes obtained the maximum of ~753°C.
P-HF-023 045
Retracted by the authors
ME : Marine Energy
P-ME-001 046
Retracted by the authors
P-ME-002 047
A Numerical Open Water Test of a Horizontal Axis
Tidal Stream Turbine Using SOWFA Library
Heebum Lee*
New & Renewable Energy Group, Central Research Institute, Korea
Hydro and Nuclear Power, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
A numerical open water test of a horizontal axis tidal stream turbine was performed. The SOWFA (simulator for wind farm application) library, developed by National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL, USA) was partially modified and implemented to OpenFOAM-6 which is open source computational fluid dynamics (CFD) toolkit for the numerical simulation of viscous flow. The large eddy simulation (LES) with sub-grid scale (SGS) model was adopted to estimate turbulence characteristics in the wake. An actuator line method (ALM) which regards complex geometry of the turbine blades as simple lines employing body forces equivalent to the loading of the turbine blades was used to reduce compu-tational cost. The French research institute for exploitation of the sea (IFREMER) tidal stream turbine model which experimental data set is opened was utilized to the simulation. The presented results including a coherent turbulent structures which were observed by proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), well predicted power and thrust coefficients compared to experimental data.
P-ME-003 048
Design and Performance Evaluation of the Moduleraft
Wave Energy Converter in Regular Waves
Watchara Tongphong1, Byung-Ha Kim1, In Cheol Kim1,
Dong Hoon Oh2, and Young-Ho Lee3,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, Korea
Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Republic of Korea
2Hwajin Enterprise.co., LTD, Republic of Korea
3Division of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean
University, Busan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Ocean waves are both clean and renewable sources of power for electricity. This paper presents a novel wave energy converter, ModuleRaft wave energy converter, a new concept of wave energy converter inspired by using the benefits of raft type and pendulum type wave energy converters. Module-Raft wave energy converter is unique due to its ability to convert both wave potential energy and wave kinetic energy by utilizing the pitch motion of floating modular flap and rafts. The device consists of a floating modular flap and four hinged rafts. The objectives of this study are: 1) to investigate the parameters which affected mechanical power and efficiency of the device and 2) to investigate the performance of the device under regular wave conditions by using the ANSYS- AQWA simulator. The results showed that, the parameters which affected mechanical power and efficiency of floating modular flap were power take-off (PTO) spring stiffness, PTO damping coefficient and module mass. The maximum efficiency of floating modular flap was observed to be 32.58%. The parameters which affected mechanical power and efficiency of rafts were PTO spring stiffness, PTO damping coefficient and raft mass. The maximum efficiency of raft wave energy converter was observed to be 32.89%.
AcknowledgementThis work was supported by the Human Resources Development of
the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning
(KETEP) grant funded by the Korea Government Ministry of
Knowledge Economy (No.20164030300280).
PV : Photovoltaics
P-PV-001 049
Investigating the Impact of Sputtering Parameters on
Barrier Layer and Back Contact in Flexible CIGS
Solar Cell
Muhammad Awais1,2, Soomin Song1, Kim kihwan1,2,
Donghyeop Shin1, Jihye Gwak1,2,*, and Young-Joo Eo1,2,*
1Photovoltaic Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research
(KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, University of
Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected], [email protected]), presenting author ([email protected])
Poster Abstracts 89
The global concerns of climate changes have pushed us to maximize the use of renewable energy. Among different kinds of renewable energies solar cells have received great attention. Flexible Cu(In, Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells among them have seen considerable research due to their high conversion efficiency. Moreover, the roll-to-roll depo-sition, high temperature endurance, low cost manufacturing and huge applications particularly in building integrated PV makes them an ideal substitute to the silicon solar cells.In this study, we investigated the impacts of changing sputtering parameters of both barrier layer and back contact on the flexible CIGS thin film solar cells. We varied the working gas pressure and power to investigate their impacts. It was found that lower sputtering pressure makes denser barrier layer due to which out diffusion of impurities present in stainless steel substrate minimizes. In addition to that, we can reduce the barrier layer thickness and it can save the manufacturing cost. Furthermore, with increase or decrease in working gas pressure and power of molybdenum back contact deposition the curling of the stainless steel substrate also varied which induced internal stresses in the film. However, the stresses did not affect majorly on the device performance.
P-PV-002 050
Particle Distribution Characteristics of Rotary Mist
Spraying Device in an Evaporative Salt Water
Desalination System Using Solar Energy
Young Sun Ryou*, Jae Kyung Jang, Hyoung Kweon Kim,
Young Hwa Kim, Tae Suk Lee, Sung Sik Oh, Byung Ok Jin,
Gyoung Min Oh, and Tae Kyoung Kang
Department of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of
Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The purpose of this study is to analyze the distribution characteristics of water particle size by devising a rotary mist spraying device to develop the evaporative salt water desalination system. We have prepared an evaporative salt water desalination system with solar cell and battery. The attached solar cell and battery was used as a power source of rotary mist spraying device. This device was constituted with a high speed sirocco fan, a metering pump, a salt water supply pipe and a speed regulator. The particle size dis-tribution was confirmed by changing the water velocity and the fan speed. The particle size distribution was measured under the fan speed with 3,800~5,600 rpm and the salt water supply with 2.77~19.70 mL/min conditions using laser di-ffraction system (Malvern Spraytec, England). The particle size was distributed between 0.341~0.541 μm at all fan speeds when the salt water supply was 2.77~8.28 mL/min. And when the salt water supply was increased to 9.74 mL/min, more than 90% of the particle size was distributed in the 39.81~135.94 μm range at 3,800 rpm fan speed. At this time, when fan speed was increased to 4,400~5,200 rpm and 5,600 rpm, the particle size of more than 95% was found to range of 29.29~116.59 μm and 2.51~10.00 μm, respectively. After confirming that the particles were small enough, when the fan speed was fixed at 5,600 rpm and the salt water supply velocity was increased to 11.20, 14.07,
16.77 mL/min. At this time the 99, 84, and 65% of particle size were smaller than 20 μm under each condition. And when the salt water supply velocity was increased to 19.70 mL/min, the particle size was distributed widely from 25.12 to 215.44 μm. This result showed that fine particles of 10 μm or less can be dispensed at a fan speed of 5,600 rpm and salt water supply of 9.74 mL/min.
AcknowledgementThis study was carried out with the support of “Research Program
for Agricultural Science & Technology Development(Project No.
PJ013520(PJ01352001))”, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences,
Rural Development Administration, Korea.
P-PV-003 051
Gompertz Model-Based Regression of Photovoltaic
Power Generation and Solar Irradiance
Alba Vilanova Cortezon1,2, Bo-Young Kim1, Chang Ki Kim1, and
Hyun-Goo Kim1,*
1New-Renewable Energy Resource & Policy Center, Korea Institute
of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Higher Polytechnic School, University of Lleida, 25001 Lleida,
Spain
*corresponding author ([email protected])
This study aims to derive a general equation which predicts the photovoltaic power generation output as a function of the clear sky index for the systems that produced energy in the Republic of Korea between 2014 and 2016. The power generation data of 242 solar power plants, obtained from Korea Power Exchange (KPX), is hourly correlated to the global horizontal irradiance, directly derived from the satellite imagery of Communication, Ocean and Meteoro-logical Satellite (COMS) by using University of Arizona Solar Irradiance Based of Satellite/Korea Institute of Energy Research (UASIBS/KIER) model at 1 km x 1 km resolution. Gompertz sigmoid function is used to fit the data, after comparing it with the linear least squares fitting technique, and its coefficients are found.
P-PV-004 052
Power Estimation for Analyzing the Degradation Rate
and Failure Diagnosis of Photovoltaic Systems Based
on Machine Learning
Wonwook Oh1,*, Minhyeok Lee2, Hoonjoo Choi1, Jin-Chel Moon3,
Donghwan Kim4, Nochang Park5, and Junhee Seok2,*
1STECO Corporation, Research & Development center, Republic of
Korea
2Korea University, School of Electrical Engineering, Republic of
Korea
3Chungbuk Technopark, Solar Technical Center, Republic of Korea
4Korea University, Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, Republic of Korea
5Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Electronic Convergence
Material & Device Research Center, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
90 AFORE 2019
In this work, a new power estimation model is developed for the degradation rate and failure diagnosis of photovoltaic (PV) systems. This new model was validated by real moni-toring two grid-connected PV systems in Korea. Three para-meters of previous year are learned using the support vector regression model; (1) the generated power, (2) plane of array solar irradiance, and (3) PV module temperature. These data are analyzed to estimate the current power of PV system. We perform preprocessing using the instantaneous perfor-mance ratio of direct current to improve accuracy. On a clear day, estimated root mean square error (RMSE) was 0.036kW. The annual degradation rate calculated by the estimated and measured power is 1.09%. As a result of measurement of the total PV modules in the standard condition, the power of the PV system is decreased by 0.97% for one year. In addition, this method detected a PV system with significant power loss of 11.6% for a year after installation and was diagnosed as potential induced degradation is confirmed by on-site investigation. In conclusion, the power estimation model developed in this work can effectively allow preventive maintenance.
P-PV-005 053
Growth of Cubic SnS for Solar Cell Applications:
Effect of Substrates and Seed Layers
KrishnaRao Eswar Neerugatti, and Jaeyeong Heo*
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and
Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National
University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SnS is one of the promising binary chalcogenides for solar cell applications due to its ideal bandgap, high optical absorption coefficient and its natural abundance. Although, SnS is widely studied for its energy harvesting abilities, not much research has been focused on several polymorphs of SnS. Recently, cubic SnS is paid more attention for its asym-metrical center with low temperature processing advan-tages. Theoretically, cubic SnS possess a bandgap of 1.7 eV with few forbidden transitions unlike other polymorphs of SnS. Similarly, cubic SnS was found to be thermodyna-mically meta-stable compound. Therefore, in the current study, we have addressed the effect of substrates and seed layers on the growth of cubic SnS at low temperature condi-tions. Seed layers of various thickness on different substrates were utilized to grow cubic SnS by chemical bath deposition. This study imparts a basic understanding towards optimization of growth conditions for cubic SnS to achieve better structural, morphological and optical properties. Also, this work may shed light on some interesting characteristics of cubic SnS that may be considered as a fundamental study for future works on this material.
P-PV-006 054
The Ifluence of Growth Temperature and Duration on
Vapor Transport Deposited Tin Monosulfide for
Thin-Films Solar Cells
Jae Yu Cho, and Jaeyeong Heo*
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and
Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National
University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
SnS is a non-cubic material unlike CIGS or CdTe, crystallizing in an orthorhombic structure (JCPDS No. 39-0354, a = 4.3291 Å, b = 11.1923 Å, c = 3.9838 Å). It easily leads to the formation of layered features. Therefore, controlling the morphology of the SnS absorber with dense and pinhole- free grains is crucial.In this study, the influence of vapor transport deposition (VTD) conditions of SnS, i.e., growth temperature and dura-tion, on the formation of secondary phases, preferred orien-tation, and solar cell performance, was investigated. In the growth temperature effect experiment, the morphology is grew as plate form with increasing temperature and the secondary phase was found at low temperature. Also, it was confirmed that the film thickness wase increased linearly with duration and When the growth duration increases to 10 min, a dramatic improvement in the device performance is noted. Finally, fabricated SnS TFSCs (thin film solar cells) achieved near 4% efficiency (VOC ; 0.342 V, JSC ; 19.8 mA cm-2, FF ; 58.0%) at 600 °C growth temperature and 10 minutes duration.
P-PV-007 055
Development of Silicon Recycling Technology Using
Supercritial CO2 and Hexane
Hyo Seok Lee, Jae Yu Cho, and Jaeyeong Heo*
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and
Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center, Chonnam National
University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Since solar modules have a life span of about 25 years, a large amount of waste modules will be discharged in the future and how to handle them is a problem. Most of the metal in the solar module is dependent on imports. If imported metals and silicon recovery technologies are developed from solar cells, which are in increasing demand, import substitution is expected, which is essential technology for strengthening competitiveness in renewable energy sector. In this study, we used supercritical fluid extraction as a recycling method for waste modules. Supercritical fluids are characterized by the simultaneous manifestation of gas and liquid properties when the temperature and pressure above the critical point are applied. We demonstrated that super-critical CO2 extraction method can be effectively used to remove Cu, one of the abundant elements in the module, as well as its oxide form, Cu2O. Especially, we proved that the addition of hexane as co-solvent is effective for the removal
Poster Abstracts 91
of both materials. The optimal ratio of CO2 and hexane was 4:1 at a fixed temperature and pressure of 250°C and 250 bar. In addition, it was proven that the removal of Cu2O was preceded via reduction of Cu2O to Cu.
P-PV-008 056
Development Strategy of Floating Photovoltaic
System for Offshore Environment
Jungsoo Suh*
Green Energy Research Center, KHNP Central Research Institute,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Recently, floating photovoltaic power generation has received a lot of attention among various renewable energy sources. Because they are able to be constructed without considering land availability, which is crucial for farming or the other economic activities. Also, floating photovoltaic power genera-tion plant have many advantages compared to land-based solar plants such as better efficiency of solar panels due to cooling effect of water and less environmental impact.We are considering to extend the installation site for photo-voltaics power plant from fresh water such as lake, pond and reservoir to offshore region. However, most of previous floating photovoltaic system designs are not sufficient for offshore environment. Therefore, we are going to develop new design method considering offshore environment such as wave load and corrosion due to salinity. Development strategy with structural analysis of buoy, supporting structure and mooring line in wave conditions using boundary element and finite element codes and small-scale model test in ocean engineering basin will be introduced in full paper.
P-PV-009 057
Recent Trend of Floating Photovolatics and
Prespective in the South of Korea
SeungWook Shin,*, Chul-sung Lee, MiLan Park, Juhyun An, and
Yoon-Ho Park
Future Agricultural Research Division, Water Resources &
Environment Research Group, Korea Rural Community
Corporation, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
To meet the global demand for energy, photovoltaic (PV) solar energy production will become increasingly important. Based on this demand, the PV market is extended rapidly during last decade located at ground, roof top, canal top, offshore etc. due to the introduction of Renewable Energy Portfolio Standard (RPS) policy, and studies on alternatives to new energy sources. Recently, the installation of PV in land has been quietly limited due to the environmental destruction, thoughtless development, and acceptance of resident problems. The floating PV systems are the reason-able solution for above mentioned problems. A devolved floating PV system combined between PV plant technology on land and floating technology on water. They include 1) floating system, 2) mooring system, 3) PV system, and 4) underwater cable. Upto now, the floating PV system are
installed approximately 100 MW (global) and 40 MW (domestic). However, the researches of floating PV is initial stage and only few studies for design, installation on water, and operation and maintain issues on floating PV system have been reported. In this study, the domestic evolution, required research field, and perspective of floating PV system will be discussed.
P-PV-010 058
Operational Issues and Prespective for Floating
Photovolatic by Field Investigations
SeungWook Shin*, Chul-sung Lee, MiLan Park, Juhyun An, and
Yoon-Ho Park
Future Agricultural Research Division, Water Resources &
Environment Research Group, Korea Rural Community
Corporation, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The attention in floating photovoltaic (FPV) system, which are combined between PV plant technology on land and floating technology on water, has grown rapidly in recent years due to the only solutions from land installed photo-voltaic (PV), that the installation of PV in land has been quietly limited due to the environmental destruction, thought-less development, and acceptance of resident problems. A devolved FPV system include 1) floating system, 2) mooring system, 3) PV system, and 4) underwater cable, and etc. In the South of Korea, FPV systems have been installed app-roximately 60MW by private business, Korea Water Resource Corporation, Korea Rural Community Corporation (KRC) and etc., however, the researches of floating PV is initial stage and only few studies for design, installation on water, and operation and maintain issues on floating PV system have been reported. In this study, operational issues and perspective for FPV on reservoir managed by KRC using field investigations process will be presented.
P-PV-011 059
A Study on Efficiency Enhancement Technique on
Solar PV System Using Solar Irridance Model
Prakash Thapa1, Jin Lee1, Soon Youl So1, Sung Gi Kwon1, Kil Ju Na2,
and Gye-Choon Park1,*
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Mokpo National University,
Mokpo, Republic of Korea
2Department of Radiology, Mokpo Science University, Mokpo,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Due to the different performance affecting parameters, the efficiency of solar PV system is still very low as compared to other type of renewable energy system. Among the various factors, we are trying to investigate the irradiance effects on solar PV system by using mirror reflection technique. For this purpose, we used semi-circular type solar PV module which has mirror reflecting surface area. By using such type of module, maximum solar irradiance is centralized at the middle area of the panel. So, maximum solar insolation is
92 AFORE 2019
concentrated to the central part of the module. Thus, perfor-mance of the solar module will be increased as a result efficiency of the solar PV system will be increased signifi-cantly. Experimentally, it was found that, efficiency of the solar PV system was improved more than 7.89%.
AcknowledgementThis work was financially supported by the Ministry of Trade, Industry
and Energy (MOTIE) through the fostering project of Energy Valley
Industry –University Convergence.
P-PV-012 060
Performance Analysis of Rooftop Photovoltaic
System
Jung-Jae Park1, Juhee Jang2, Minsu Shin2, Tae Wook Kim1,
Sook Kyung Lee1, Chi Yong Park1, and Kyung-Soo Lee2,*
1Green Energy Research Center, New & Renewable Energy Group,
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power, Republic of Korea
2Department of Energy & Electrical Engineering, Korea Polytechnic
University
*corresponding author ([email protected])
It is necessary to maintain the quality of photovoltaic (PV) system and ensure the long-term reliability of power genera-tion by evaluating accurate performance analysis of existing installed PV systems. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of 100 kW rooftop PV power plant. Based on weather conditions in the area where the roof top PV system is installed, we estimated the PV power generation by PVSYST software. We compared the simulation data and the real data of electricity generated. As a result, we evaluated the performance of PV system using errors between the estimated and actual results, and analyzed the loss of PV system.
P-PV-013 061
The Effect of Ge Doping on Kesterite Solar Cell
Depending on Stacking Order
Byeong Hoon Lee, and Jin Hyeok Kim*
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam
National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Ge doped Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) thin films were deposited on Mo coted glass using stacked precursors. The Ge nano-layers (~20nm) were deposited using RF sputter with different stacking orders of Cu/Sn/Zn/Ge/glass (A), Cu/Sn/Ge/Zn/glass (B), Cu/Ge/Sn/Zn/glass (C), Ge/Cu/Sn/Zn (D). The stacked precursors were pre-heated using a tube annealing system in Ar atmosphere at 300 °C for 1 hour and these were annealed sequentially using rapid thermal annealing system with selenium powder at 520 °C and initial pressure at 800 Torr for 7.5 min. To identify the effect of Ge stacking order in the metal precursor, we combined the results of X-ray diff-raction, Raman spectroscopy and FE-Scanning electron microscope. We studied how stacking order of Ge affect the crystallization, formation of phase and electrical properties
on kesterite solar cell.
P-PV-014 062
Elucidating the Role of Annealing Temperature on
Stack and Co-Puttered Precursors in CZTSSe Thin
Film Solar Cells
Vijay C. Karade, and Jin Hyeok Kim*
Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center, Department of
Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Recently, kesterite based thin film solar cells (TFSCs) are greatly acknowledged in the photovoltaic industry for their elemental earth abundance and less toxic approach. Herein we employ co-sputter and stack method to deposit Cu, Zn and Sn precursors and study the alloying behavior with respect to temperature. The chemical, structural, and mor-phological properties of annealed precursors are analyzed through X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Raman scattering spectroscopy and scanning electron micro-scopy (SEM). The XRD study reveals, both precursors start to alloy above 400 °C and forms pure CZTSSe phase above 500 °C. The morphological study shows the co-sputtered pre-cursor exhibits homogenous distribution of metallic grains with compact morphology and negligible voids compared to stack. These homogenous and smaller metallic grains start to alloy at 500 °C much faster as compared to stack, which pointedly assists the formation of larger absorber grains. The XRF measurements showed the precursor chemical composition changes with change in annealing temperature. Besides, it also shows increasing Sn loss and high Cu/(Zn+ Sn) ratio with increasing temperature in all sulfo-selenized thin films. The improved morphology of co-sputtered precursor showed over 10 % device efficiency as that of the stack, proving this method can be used to achieve the high efficiency in TFSCs with reduced process time.
P-PV-015 063
Nanostructured Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) Thin Film for
Broadband (VIS-NIR) Photodetection
Kuldeep Singh Gour, and Jin Hyeok Kim*
Optoelectronics Convergence Research Center and Department of
Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Nanostructured materials exhibit broad spectral photodetection, strong light matter interaction and exotic optoelectronic properties compared to their bulk counterpart. To overcome the limitations of silicon based photodetectors, various nano-materials have been investigated. Here we have used indu-strially viable stacked layer reactive sputtering method to grow rice-like nanostructured (rln) Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films. The rln-CZTS film showed optical absorption coeffi-cient one order of magnitude greater than the plain thin films of CZTS. Further, even under zero bias condition,
Poster Abstracts 93
broad spectral response (in visible and near infrared range) was observed. The rise and decay time constants for visible (532 nm) and near infrared (NIR) (1064 nm) light incident were 208 ms, 175 ms and 681 ms, 778 ms, respectively (for 1 mV bias). The improvement in photocurrent has been attributed to enhanced light harvesting due to the presence of nanostructures in thin film. Detectivity of 4.48×108 Jones over a large area was observed indicating that rln-CZTS would be a potential material for other technical appli-cations. Deposition of nanostructured CZTS using industrially viable reactive sputtering with short anneal and fabrication of self-powered broadband photodetection device with low rise and decay time constants are the novelties of this work.
P-PV-016 064
Experimental Study on Energy Saving Potential of
BAPV Systems for Rural Housing
Chul-sung Lee, MiLan Park*, SeungWook Shin, Juhyun An, and
Yoon-Ho Park*
Future Agricultural Division, Rural Research Institute, Ansan,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
As the temperature in the summer rises due to the effects of climate change, the amount of electric energy consumption associated with building cooling is greatly increasing. In rural houses, power generation systems can be introduced such as building applied photovoltaic (BAPV) or building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) to reduce electricity consum-ption. BAPV is mainly applied to existing rural housing rather than BIPV. BAPV, which is not fully integrated with the building, is usually mounted on the roof for maximum power production and therefore can act as a shade in summer. In other words, the building’s cooling energy consumption can be reduced blocking the amount of solar radiation reaching the roof. This study measured roof temperature with and without the presence of shadows from BAPV and compared difference of temperatures. The results showed that the roof surface temperature of the shaded area by BAPV was much lower than that exposed to the sun. Therefore, this study found that BAPV has a great advantage in terms of cooling energy reduction in rural housing.
P-PV-017 065
Retracted by the authors
P-PV-018 066
Power Generation Monitoring and Prediction
Modeling of Flexible CIGS-PV Modules According
to Meteorological Environments
SangWoon Lee1, Seung Gon Lee1, Jin Hyeon Oh2, Woo-Jin Choi3,
Chang-Sik Son2, and Donghyun Hwang2,*
1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Busan National
University, Busan, Republic of Korea
2Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Silla University,
Busan, Republic of Korea
3Energy Convergence Technology Center, Silla University, Busan,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The conventional market of photovoltaic (PV) systems has been developed around large-scale power plants and general household power generation. Over the last decade, the PV market has been expanded for personal leisure activities and various industrial applications. The market for CIGS and organic PV modules that can be attached to numerous building exterior walls in the city is also receiving much attention. In this study, the power fluctuations of flexible CIGS PV systems were monitored under three different weather conditions such as sunny, cloudy and rainy. The prediction of effective power generation for flexible CIGS PV modules was estimated by ASTM E 1063-96. ASTM E 1063-96, a standard test method (STM) for silicon photo-voltaic modules from the NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) of the United States, is commonly used to deter-mine the energy rating of PV modules among the variety of theoretical models. The results of the I-V characteristics and the maximum power point of the prediction model due to changes in the weather environment showed a tendency to agree well with the data collected in the field. However, it was confirmed that there is a significant error in the variation of the module temperature due to the change in solar radiation.
P-PV-019 067
The Characteristics of CIGS Thin-Film Solar Cells
Using Sputtering Based Two-Step Process
Young-Ill Kim1, Dong-Hwan Jeon1, Si-Nae Park1, Se-Yun Kim1,
Dae-Hwan Kim1, Jin-Kyu Kang1, Shi-Joon Sung1, Juran Kim2,
William Jo2, Hyesun Yoo3, JunHo Kim3, Dae-Hwan Kim1,*, and
Kee-Jeong Yang1,*
1Division of Energy Technology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of
Korea
2Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic
of Korea
3Department of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected], [email protected])
CIGS thin films were prepared by the two-step processes using stacked metal & compound layers and subsequent selenization. In the first step, CIGS precursors were de-posited on Mo/soda-lime glass by the optional stacking of Cu, Cu0.75Ga0.25, In and Ga2Se3 materials. In the second step, the stacked precursors were annealed for selenization at 480 °C. We investigated the performances of CIGS absorbers from Ga2Se3/In/CuGa/Mo and Ga2Se3/In/Cu/Mo structures. CIGS absorbers showed that higher Ga content is incor-porated into the Mo back contact region. A high Ga dis-tribution near the back of CIGS absorber layers can influence their performances due to Ga-related defects, defect clusters and Eg grading on the depth. Therefore, we compared the defects in the electrical characteristics of CIGS absorbers and solar cells with Eg grading.
94 AFORE 2019
AcknowledgementThis work was supported by Technology Development Program to
Solve Climate Changes of the National Research Foundation of Korea
(NRF) grant funded by the Ministry of Science & ICT (2016M1A2A2
936781), by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation
and Planning (KETEP) and the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy
(MOTIE) (No. 20173010012980).
P-PV-020 068
Influence of Buffer Layer Thickness on
Semi-Transparent Ultrathin CIGS Solar Cells
Dong Ryeol Kim1,2, Sang Su Shin1,3, Ara Cho1, Jun-Sik Cho1,
Ahreum Lee1, Jae Ho Yun1, Ho Seong Lee2, and
Joo Hyung Park1,*
1Photovoltaics Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National
University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
3Department of Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National
University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
For application to semitransparent Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cell as well as reduction of manufacturing cost, ultrathin (< 500 nm) absorber layer on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) glass are important considering an usual thickness of CIGS absorber, which is around 2 μm. Accordingly, the characteristics of buffer layer to form a p-n junction with ultrathin absorber is need to be re-optimized as the absorber thickness is de-creased. In this work, we investigate ultrathin CIGS solar cells to find the optimal conditions of CdS buffer to form a junction with ultrathin CIGS absorber and the influence of buffer layer by changing the thin-film thickness. The CdS thin-films are synthesized on ultrathin CIGS absorber by using chemical bath deposition (CBD) method and the fabricated solar cells are analyzed using various methods including Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Current density-Voltage (J-V) measurement, External quantum effi-ciency (EQE) and Capacitance-Voltage (C-V) measurements. By analyzing those data, a significant influence of CdS buffer thickness on ultrathin CIGS solar cell performance and photovoltaic parameters are discovered. Especially, the Voc and the FF of ultrathin CIGS solar cell have increased with the optimal CdS buffer layer thickness. Related analysis results and discussions will be presented.
P-PV-021 069
Thickness and Composition Variation Study of
Zn(O, S) Buffer Layer in Semi-Transparent
Ultra-Thin CIGS Solar Cell Structure
Sang Su Shin1,2, Dong Ryeol Kim1,3, Kihwan Kim1, Jinsu Yoo1,
Donghyeop Shin1, Inyoung Jeong1, Seung Kyu Ahn1, Jun-Sik Cho1,
Jihye Gwak1, Jonghoo Park2, and Joo Hyung Park1,*
1Photovoltaics Laboratory, Korea Institution of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National
University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
3School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National
University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Using an Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) process, we have grown a Zn(O, S) buffer layer on ultra-thin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) absorber to fabricate semitransparent CIGS solar cell. Compared to Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD), ALD can be a more suitable deposition method to deposit a thin film with nano-level thickness due to an easy and precise control on composition. In addition, differently from CdS, Zn(O, S) is eco-friendly, non-toxic and tunable band gap material. The band gap of Zn(O, S) can be adjustable by controlling the S/(S+O) ratio and the large band gap Zn(O, S) buffer layer can allow more incoming light down to ~400 nm in wavelength meanwhile a CdS buffer blocks below ~ 500 nm, which is expected to increase short circuit current density. In this study, we apply various thicknesses and com-positions of Zn(O, S) to semi-transparent ultra-thin CIGSe solar cells. As the result of thickness and composition opti-mization, the CIGS solar cell with Zn(O, S) buffer showed a higher efficiency than the solar cell with CBD-grown CdS. The properties of ALD-grown thin-films and the photo-voltaic performances of solar cells are characterized by utilizing UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), and a solar simulator pro-viding AM1.5.
P-PV-022 070
Development of BIPV Module for Roof Installation
Based on the Survey on the Installation Type of
Residential PV System
Hwan Ho Kim, Sang Yoon Lee, Hyo Mun Lee, and Jong Ho Yoon*
Department of Architectural Engineering, Hanbat National
University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Currently, the majority of single-family photovoltaic power generation systems in Korea are being installed as BAPV (Building applied PV) type. Since BAPV is installed as an additional structure, it is undesirable compared to BIPV (Building Integrated PV) in terms of structural stability, urban aesthetics, and economical replacement of existing materials. The Korean BIPV commercial products are not being released. Therefore, this study is to develop roof BIPV module suit-able for Korea through field survey on installation type of single-family home roof type and photovoltaic power ge-neration system. Nearly 400 houses in Daejeon noeun con-ducted field surveys on the roofs. Conduct theoretical power generation performance evaluation according to roof shape, bearing, finishing material and color, installation of photo-voltaic power generation system, azimuth and inclination angle, type, capacity and shading, and quantitatively evaluate the impact of power generation performance deterrent factors. According to the field survey, hip roof was 50.1% flat roof 17.7%, gable roof 15.9%, shed roof 12.1%, mensard roof 2.5%, dome roof 1.8%. Photovoltaic systems were installed in 108 households, with 29.3% of the total. Based on the
Poster Abstracts 95
survey results, two types of BIPV modules were designed, fabricated, and applied to the roof type BIPV system accor-ding to domestic conditions.
P-PV-023 071
Development Strategy of Field Test Studies of
Rooftop Photovoltaic System
Jung-Jae Park*, Tae Wook Kim, Sook Kyung Lee, and
Chi Yong Park
Green Energy Research Center, New & Renewable Energy Group,
Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
A large area is needed to install PV power system. In South Korea, the installation of PV power is limited due to the lack of geographical, environmental and technical factors. There-fore, technical trends of PV have changed from the ground type to floating and building integrated type where a large scale of PV power is installed. Because roof-top PV could be step up existing buildings, it can overcome the limitations of installation. Building apply photovoltaics (BAPV) and building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) are innovative technologies that can be installed on the surface of existing buildings. The roof-top PV power can be used in a wide range of applications such as houses, industrial complexes, public institutions, and large sports buildings, since this uses the area of the existing building, and the efficiency of territory can be maximized. In this research, we introduced the development strategy of field test studies of roof-top PV system.
P-PV-024 072
Fabrication and Characterization of Earth-abundant
Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin-film Solar Cells using a
Single-stage Co-evaporation Method: Effects of Film
Growth Temperatures on Device Performances
Muhammad Rehan1,2, Hyeonmin Jeon1,3, Yunae Cho1,
Muhammad Awais1,2, Ara Cho1,2, Kihwan Kim1, Jun-Sik Cho1,
Jae Ho Yun1, Jihye Gwak1,2,*, and Donghyeop Shin1,*
1Photovoltaics Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research
(KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, University of
Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
3Department of Material Science Engineering, Korea Advanced
Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected], [email protected])
Kesterite-based Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1-x)4 (CZTSSe) chalcogenide has recently attracted intensive attentions as one of the most promising photovoltaic absorber because of the non-toxicity and low-cost availability of the constituent elements of this material. Despite the similar characteristics between CZTSSe and Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGSe), current CZTSSe solar cells have much lower efficiencies than CIGSe solar cells. Such device performance gap can be explained by several factors such
as the narrow phase stability of quaternary CZTSSe, the existence of other competitive and complex secondary phases and defects which result in high non-radiative recombination, structural inhomogeneity, and local fluctuation of band gap. These factors lead to poor device performance and re-producibility issues. In this work, we studied the impacts of the growth temperature on the structural, morphological and electrical properties of Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) thin-film to produce high-quality CZTSe film. CZTSe films were grown through a single-stage co-evaporation method on the Mo- coated glass substrate at the various substrate temperatures ranging from 380 °C to 480 °C. The morphological and structural properties of CZTSe films were characterized by various analytical tools. Raman data show that as the growth temperature is increased from 380 °C to 480 °C, the intensity of main CZTSe peak becomes stronger and secondary phases such as SnSe or CuSe disappear indicating that the higher growth temperature leads to the formation of single- phase CZTSe films with improved crystallinity. According to SEM images, the film grown at the higher temperature (480 °C) showed denser morphology with significant reduction in surface roughness of the film. Through improvement in CZTSe film quality, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of CZTSe solar cell was highly increased due to the reduction in reverse saturation current and higher open circuit voltage among photovoltaic parameters. For deep understanding the impact of growth temperature on the CZTSe device perfor-mance, capacitance-voltage (CV) and derived-level capaci-tance voltage (DLCP) analysis were also performed. Details on material characterization and device fabrication procedures would be discussed. By optimization of device fabrication processes, the PCE 6.05% for best CZTSe solar cell with Voc= 0.42 V, Jsc= 30.77 mA/cm2 and FF= 46.48% was achieved.
P-PV-025 073
Effect of Annealing Conditions for Chalcogenide
Based CTS Thin Film Solar Cells
In Jae Lee, and Jin Hyeok Kim*
Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center, Department of
Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University,
Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected]), presenting author ([email protected])
Cu2SnS3(CTS) is one of the interesting absorber compound owing to the presence of earth-abundant and nontoxic elements. In the present work, Cu2SnS3(CTS) thin film solar cells have been fabricated using sputtered deposited Cu/Sn metallic precursors on Mo-coated soda lime glass(Mo-SLG) substrate. The metallic precursor thin films are sulfurized in a graphite box containing S powder using rapid thermal annealing (RTA) furnace. The influence of varied sulfurization parameter (pressure 300~500torr) on the CTS thin film pro-perties and its solar cell performance are studied. The morphological, structural and electrical properties of the CTS absorber layer are studied using field-emission trans-mission electron microscopy (FE-TEM), Fluorescence Spec-trometer (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and J-V. The best power conversion efficiency of 2.80 % with a short circuit
96 AFORE 2019
current density of 28.1 mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage of 207.5mV, and fill factor of 48% is obtained.
P-PV-026 074
Effect of Ga Ratio on Transparent Conductive Mg and
Ga Co-doped ZnO(MGZO) Thin Films Prepared by
RF Magnetron Sputtering System for Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4
Thin-Film Solar Cells
Dong Min Lee, and Jin Hyeok Kim*
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam
National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) is an attractive alternative to CdTe, CIGS, and silicon-based solar cells. In this study, the Mg and Ga co-doped ZnO(MGZO) thin films that acting as a window layer in CZTSSe TFSCs were optimized to improve the device efficiency. MGZO thin films were deposited on a soda lime glass (SLG) substrate using radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering with the varying of the Ga concent-ration. The structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of MGZO thin films and the effect of CZTSSe TFSC on the efficiency of different Ga concentration were investigated. All of the deposited thin films showed a uniform microstructure, high optical bandgap energy of ~3.73eV with a transmittance of ~88% in the visible region, although they possess comparable resistivity differences. Also trans-mittance of infrared region is increased at nearby 1% Ga concentration. As the Ga concentration increases, the electrical properties of the thin film are greatly increases. On the other hand, MGZO thin films proceeding at low Ga concentration were showed decreased electrical properties with the low resistivity, a low mobility, and a low sheet resistance. These are resulted in improved device efficiency for CZTSSe TFSCs with deposited MGZO window layers due to their superior optoelectronic properties. These results show a very promising TCO materials for CZTSSe TFSCs applications.
P-PV-027 075
Retracted by the authors
P-PV-028 076
Retracted by the authors
P-PV-029 077
The Effect of Atomic Layer Deposition of Zn(O,S)
Buffer Latyer on the Performance of CIGSSE Thin
Film Solar Cell
Woo-Jin Choi1, Jae Hong Park2, Jung Hwan Park2, Chang-Sik Son2,
and Donghyun Hwang2,*
1Energy Convergence Technology Center, Silla University, Busan,
Republic of Korea
2Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Silla University,
Busan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Recently, research on the Zn(O,S)thin films as an alternative buffer layer for CIGS thin film solar cells has gained increasing popularity. We report the development of Cd-free buffers by atomic layer deposition (ALD) for Cu(In,Ga) (S,Se)2-based solar cells. The ALD process gives good control of thickness and S/S +O ratio content of the films. The influence of the glow per cycle(GPC) and the S/(S+O) ratio, glass temperature of atomic layer deposited Zn(O,S) buffer layers of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 solar cells efficiency are investigated. We present the first results from our work on cadmium-free CIGS solar cells on aperture area 0.4cm2 substrates. These Zn(O,S) layers were deposited by atomic layer deposition at 120°C with S/Zn ratios of 0.7 and layers of around 30 nm. Zn(O,S) 20% (Pulse Ratio : H2S/H2O+ H2S) process gives S/Zn ratio of 0.7. We have achieved independently certified aperture area efficiencies of 17.1% for 0.4 cm2 cells.
P-PV-030 078
Development of Heat Dissipation Solar Module with
Graphite Sheet
Seong Hwan Kang1,2, Jae Woo Park1, Joon Young Kim1,
In Sung Jung1, and Jae Ho Choi1*
1New Renewable Energy Material Development Center of Chonbuk
University.
2Department of Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk University,
Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
We have developed a photovoltaic module with a graphite sheet to study the improvement of power generation by heat dissipation. Graphite sheet located on the back sheet has excellent thermal conductivity, so you can see the heat dissipation effect. A reference photovoltaic module and a graphite sheet photovoltaic module having a size of 360 mm×380mm were manufactured under the lamination conditions of a temperature of 140°C, a vacuum time of 380 seconds, and a curing time of 660 seconds.A solar simulator was used to analyze the basic room output. Analysis conditions were 25°C, AM 1.5G, 1000W/m2 and secured the reference data. After that, a comparative test of outdoor power generation was conducted. As a result, it was confirmed that the power generation efficiency of the graphite sheet solar module was higher than that of the reference solar module.
P-PV-031 079
Hybrid Nano- and Micro-Scale Metal Fibers for
Transparent Conductor in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Film
Solar Cell Applications
Dae-Hyung Cho1,*, Hong Seok Jo2, Woo-Jung Lee1,
Myeong Eon Kim1, Tae-Gun Kim2, Sam S. Yoon2, and
Yong-Duck Chung1,3
1ICT Creative Research Laboratory, Electronics and
Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of
Korea
2School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
Poster Abstracts 97
3Department of Advanced Device Technology, Korea University of
Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Improving the electrical conductivity of transparent conductors (TC) has been an important issue because the TC largely influences performance of various devices such as solar cells and displays. In this paper, micro-scale Ni fiber and nano-scale Ag fiber are used together as a TC material of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells. Ni fibers were formed on thin indium tin oxide (ITO) film by electrospinning and electroplating processes, and then Ag fibers were prepared by a spraying technique. A PEDOT:PSS solution was spin- coated between Ni fiber formation and Ag fiber formation to improve adhesion between the ITO and the fibers. The electrical conductivity was dramatically improved despite the small loss of optical transmittance. The thin Ag fibers collect the generated electrons and efficiently transport them to the sparsely distributed thick Ni fibers. The effect of the hybrid fiber on the photovoltaic performance of the CIGS solar cells was discussed. We propose that the excellent performance of the hybrid fiber TC materials not only improves the performance of the thin film solar cells but also replaces patterned grid electrodes.
P-PV-032 080
Real-Time Analysis of Temperature/Relative
Humidity in c-Si PV Module under Tropical and
Moderate Climate
Jae Seong Jeong1,*, Sung Hyun Kim1, Hoon Oh2,
Myung Ick Hwang2, and Saiful Huque3
1New and Renewable Energy Research Center, Korea Electronics
Technology Institute (KETI), Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
2Photovoltaic R&D Division, Hyundai Energy Solutions Co., Ltd.,
Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
3Institute of Renewable energy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka,
Bangladesh
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Increases in internal temperature and ingression of moisture within the c-Si photovoltaic (PV) modules are known to affect various material degradation such as deterioration of encapsulation materials and corrosion of electrodes and ribbon wires. Thus, it is necessary to analyse big data for at least a year on the moisture ingression mechanism within the c-Si PV modules in actual climate conditions (summer, winter, and wet seasons).In this study, the changes in temperature and RH within the c-Si PV modules (glass-EVA-cell-EVA-backsheet) were monitored in real time for one year and the big data was analysed using the Internet of things (IoT) technologies. Internal temperature and RH of the c-Si PV modules were measured by embedding temperature/relative humidity (TH) sensors on flexible PCBs in a 4-cell coupon module (38cm x 38cm). A total of eight sensors were installed at 4.5 cm intervals. The system was configured such that the measured temperature and RH would be first sent to the Raspberry module through I2C, where received data would then be
signal-processed and sent to the monitoring system every 10 seconds through Wi-Fi. The real-time TH monitoring systems for c-Si PV modules were installed at two locations of different climate conditions: South Korea (moderate climate) and Bangladesh (tropical climate). The changes in RH were constant across the entire rear surface of EVA-backsheet. In tropical climate conditions, the annual PV module tempera-tures varied between 15°C and 60°C (morning to noon), while the RH maintained a constant change rate of Δ5% to Δ6% (morning to noon). During the winter season (November to March) of moderate climate conditions when the module temperature is maintained below 25°C, the RH in the PV module maintained a constant change rate of under Δ2% (morning to noon). Conversely, during the mid-season of moderate climate condition when the module temperature is kept above 25°C, the change rate of the relative humidity within the module ranged from Δ5% to Δ6%, the same as in the tropical climate condition. As a result, big data on the changes of internal temperature and relative humidity of the c-Si PV modules was obtained for one year. Simulations were performed using this big data on internal temperature and relative humidity of the c-Si PV module obtained from real-time data collected for one year. From this, the 30-year trend of moisture ingress in the module was predicted
AcknowledgementThis work was supported by the “Energy Core Technology Program”
of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning
(KETEP) granted financial resource from the Ministry of Trade,
Industry & Energy, Republic of Korea. (No. 20183010014270) (No.
20183010014300)
P-PV-033 081
Properties of Thermally Evaporated Titanium Dioxide
as an Electron-Selective Contact for Silicon Solar
Cells
Changhyun Lee1, Soohyun Bae1, HyunJung Park1, Dongjin Choi1,
Hoyoung Song1, Hyunju Lee3, Yoshio Ohshita3, Yoonmook Kang2,
Hae-Seok Lee1, and Donghwan Kim1,*
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
2KU-KIST Green School, Graduate School of Energy and
Environment, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
3Semiconductor Laboratory, Toyota Technological Institute,
Nagoya, 468-8511, Japan
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Recently, titanium oxide has been widely investigated as a carrier-selective contact material for application to silicon solar cells. Herein, titanium oxide films were fabricated via simple deposition methods involving thermal evaporation and annealing, and the uniformity of the films was confirmed by ellipsometry and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The phase and chemical composition of the films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy, respectively. The passivation quality of each layer was confirmed by measuring the carrier lifetime using quasi-steady-state photoconductance, providing an implied open circuit voltage (Voc) of 644 mV. UV-vis spectroscopy and UV photoelectron spectroscopy analyses
98 AFORE 2019
demonstrated the band alignment and carrier selectivity of the TiO2 layers. Band offsets of ~0.1 eV and ~2.2 eV relative to the conduction band and the valence band were confirmed for titanium oxide and the silicon interface. Finally, the device characteristics of silicon solar cells employing the oxidized titanium film as an electron-selective layer were evaluated.
P-PV-034 082
Fabrication of Large-Area CIGS Solar Cell to for
Industrial Applications
Soomin Song1, Young-Joo Eo1,2, Kihwan Kim1,2, SeungKyu Ahn1,2,
Jihye Gwak1,2, Ara Cho1,2, Jun-Sik Cho1,2, SeJin Ahn1,2,
DongHyeop Shin1, Inyoung Jeong1, Yunae Cho1, Joo Hyung Park1,2,
Jin Su Yoo1,2, and JaeHo Yun1,2,*
1Photovoltaic Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected]) presenting author ([email protected])
The Cu(InxGa1-x)Se2(CIGS) is proven material as an absorber layer for thin film solar cell application because it has direct band gap and optical high absorption coefficient. The CIGS solar cell with soda-lime glass(SLG) substrate was achieved 23.35% of conversion efficiency[1]. To extend PV market to various industries, the developing flexible CIGS solar cell technology is necessary by using bendable, rollable, light- weight characteristics and high efficiency.In this study, the stainless steel(STS) films were used for substrate of flexible CIGS solar cells. The CIGS absorber layer was deposited by thermal-evaporation with 3-stage process. The heat capacity of STS is different that of SLG, which is conventional substrate of CIGS solar cell. Hence, the optimization of Ga grading in CIGS absorber layer and post deposition treatment of alkaline were done to achieve high performance device. Furthermore, the metal electrode pattern was optimized to fabricate sub-module (64cm2). Finally, we achieved the best efficiency of 10.9% with sub-module.
References[1] Martin A. Green, et al., Progress in Photovoltaics, (2019).
P-PV-035 083
Understanding of the Role of Polysilicon Layer in
Passivating Contact Solar Cells
HyunJung Park1, Se Jin Park1, Sohyun Bae1, Ji Yeon Hyun1,
Chang Hyun Lee1, Dongjin Choi1, Dongkyun Kang1, Hyebin Han1,
Yoonmook Kang2, Hae-Seok Lee2, and Donghwan Kim1,2,*
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
2KU-KIST Green School Graduate School of Energy and
Environment, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
We studied characteristics of polysilicon passivating contact
solar cell, which is consisted of poly-Si/SiOx/c-Si structures. Although passivating contact has begun to attract many researchers’ interests and showed high efficiency since it was first announced, it still has some parts that have not been clearly understood. Thus, our study aimed to under-stand the role of polysilicon layer in passivating contact solar cell. For experiments, several materials and fabrication properties was controlled such as doping method, annealing condition, polysilicon thickness and doping concentration. Our observations indicated that in-diffusion of Phosphorus from polysilicon into crystalline silicon critically decreases the implied open circuit voltage (iVOC), while gettering increases iVOC. This means that thick, highly doped poly-Si is needed for high iVOC; however, this also causes light absorption loss which decreases short circuit current(JSC). Thus, we applied a new process to fabricate highly doped, thin polysilicon contact, with high iVOC, which is the etch- back of polysilicon layer after high-temperature annealing and hydrogenation. Using this etch-back process, the iVOC remained at its original value until polysilicon is almost fully etched, and improved efficiency of 20.59% was achieved from 20.48% by improvement of JSC with constant VOC and fill factor.
P-PV-036 084
Effect of Na in Improvement in Morphology and
Electrical Parameters of Solution-Processed CuInSe2
(CISe) Solar Cell Devices
Yasir Siddique1,3, Jihyun Moon1,2, Tanka Raj Rana1, Byungsung O2,
Seung Kyu Ahn1, and SeJin Ahn1,3*
1Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Daejeon, Korea
2Chungnam University, Daejeon, Korea
3University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Na doping in solution-processed Cu(In, Ga)Se2 (CIGSe) solar cells has not only caused to increase in open circuit voltage (VOC) and fill factor (FF) but also enhancement in short circuit current density (JSC) as opposed to vacuum-processed CIGSe devices in which Na only improves VOC and FF. In addition, this improvement in VOC, FF in parameters of solution-processed CISe solar cells were reportedly not related to the change in carrier concentration which is the most prevailing explanation of Na induced efficiency im-provement in vacuum-based devices. This implies that the Na-based increment in efficiency between solution-processed and vacuum-based devices has significantly different origin. Here, we report our finding on the reason for the Na-induced improvement in device parameters of nanoparticle-derived CISe devices. It was found that Na indeed improved efficiency but it is not related to carrier concentration change instead main reason for VOC increase is reduced interfacial recombination due to their reduction of surface defects. At the same time, morphological change in the bottom fine- grained layer to large-grained layer which increased effective collection length which ultimately increased JSC. With all these findings, we were able to achieve 12.83% efficient CISe solar cell which can be compared with current world record efficiency of solution-processed CISe devices.
Poster Abstracts 99
P-PV-037 085
Silver-PDT Effect on Co-Evaporated CIGS
IGS(Cu(In,Ga)Se2) Thin Film Solar Cells
Jiseon Hwang1,4, Yunae Cho1, Jae Ho Yun2,3, Young-Joo Eo1,3,
Jihye Gwak1,3, Ara Cho1,3, Joo Hyung Park1, Se Jin Ahn1,3,
Jin Su Yoo1,3, Seung Kyu Ahn1,3, Jun Sik Cho1,3, Kihwan Kim1,3,*, and
Kyuseung Han4
1Photovoltaics Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research
(KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2New and Renewable Energy Institute, Korea Institute of Energy
Research (KIER), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
3Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, University of
Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
4Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry,
Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected], [email protected]),presenting author ([email protected])
There have been increasing interests of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells due to their high energy conversion efficiency among thin film solar cells. CIGS thin film solar cells consist of several layers and resulting interfaces, whose optical and electrical properties can greatly affect the per-formance of the devices. Recently, the device performances of CIGS thin film solar cells have been markedly improved by means of alkali (Na, K, Rb, or Cs) post-deposition treat-ment (PDT). In this work, we attempted to improve the micro-structure and device performances of CIGS solar cells using a silver(Ag)-PDT instead of the conventional alkali-PDT because Ag addition into CIGS is believed to provide multiple benefits in terms of reducing electronic/structure imperfections and controlling band alignment in the vicinity of the CdS/CIGS junction.The CIGS films were prepared by conventional three-stage co-evaporation and then silver (0~0.01 at %) was applied to the CIGS films. We investigated the structural properties and device performances of CIGS solar cells with and without Ag PDT. The Ag-PDT appeared to induce reduced structural/ electronic disorders, and therefore increased open circuit voltage from the resulting devices has been obtained. Finally, the CIGS film quality investigated through adjustment of the Ag content compared with a CIGS solar cell without Ag-PDT.
P-PV-038 086
Mecanism Study of Buffer Layer in CIGS Solar Cells
Donghyeok Shin1,2, Soomin Song1, Ju Hyung Park1,
Inyoung Jeong1, Seung Kyu Ahn1, Sangmin Lee1, SeJin Ahn1,
Jae Ho Yun1, Jihye Gwak1, Young-Joo Eo1, Jun Sik Cho1,
Jin Su Yu1, Kihwan Kim1, Donghyeop Shin1, Yonggook Son2, and
Ara Cho1,3,*
1Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Daejeon, Republic of
Korea
2Busan University, Busan, Republic of Korea
3University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Thin film solar cells of Cu (In, Ga) Se2 have been achieved high efficiency (ZSW: 21.7%) with CdS buffer layer. CdS buffer between the absorber layer and the window layer were fabricated using chemical bath deposition(CBD). Due to the environmental aspect, the toxic Cd element should be replaced to different materials. As a new alternative to CdS, non-toxic Zn(S,O,OH) has been spotlighted with a relatively high bandgap (3.7 ~ 3.8eV) and Cd-free material. In this study, Zn (S, O, OH) films were grown on CIGS thin films by CBD method. The CBD method can easily access the deposition of various materials at low temperatures. In addition, since the process is simple and inexpensive, it is possible to deposit a large area sample, which is the best method for manufacturing a solar cell. In particular, it can passivate ununiform surface of the absorber for removing shunt paths and pin holes. Also, buffer layer thickness affect to the efficiency of CIGS solor cell. It shows that the thickness control of the buffer layer is important. Therefore, QCM (Quartz Crystal Microbalance) was used to measure the thickness of CBD-ZnS. Accordingly, the CIGS thin film solar cell with Zn based buffer will be examined and the mechanism will be analyzed and discussed.
PN : Policy Strategy&New Business
P-PN-001 087
Investigations on New On-Shore Wind Farm Sites
Using Geographic Information System
Sajid Ali1,2, and Choon-Man Jang1,2,*
1Construction Environment Engineering, University of Science &
Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Land, Water and Environmental Research, Korea
Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT),
Goyang-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])presenting author ([email protected])
Korea government has tried to reduce the import of fossil fuels which costed around 94.5 billion USD in 2015. The present study explores new on-shore wind farm sites in the country utilizing advanced mapping tools such as geographic information system (GIS). Seven different site selection criteria, including the slope of the land, the distance to roads and wind potential are considered. Similarly, seven different types of land zones where it is impossible to build a wind farm, commonly known as “restricted areas”, such as military zones, wetlands, etc., were also considered and excluded from the study area. Wind farm suitability maps were generated covering the entire country which indicated the best locations for constructing new wind farms. However, top ten sites were also highlighted based on the overall highest criteria score. The analysis showed that all the sites have excellent wind conditions, and they are also economically feasible. Parameters such as annual energy production, capacity factor, levelized cost of electricity and net present value have been estimated for each site, using five different wind turbines.
100 AFORE 2019
AcknowledgementThis study was supported with major project funding from the Korea
Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology.
P-PN-002 088
An Analysis on Relationships between Renewable
Energy Utilization and GDP: Comparative Study
between Indonesia and South Korea
Desy Caesary1, Sang-Don Lee2, Seo Young Song1, Soo Jin Jang1,
and Myung Jin Nam1,*
1Department of Energy and Mineral Resource Engineering,
Geophysical Prospecting Lab, Sejong University, Republic of
Korea
2INNOGEO Technologies Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected],[email protected])
Indonesia highly depends on fossil fuel for energy demand, being an energy importer country with high emission of greenhouse gases (GHG). As a substitution for the high fossil fuel consumption, Indonesian Government has been encouraged and attempted to utilize more renewable energy, especially in electricity sector, thanks to its abundant poten-tial resource. Revised National Energy Plan of Indonesia expects higher contribution of renewable energy up to 23%, while reduced consumption of fossil fuel by 2025. This study aims to analyze the impacts of renewable and fossil fuel energy consumptions on both economic growth and amount of carbon emission in Indonesia. Relationships of GDP with not only fossil fuel but also renewable energy consumptions are analyzed using various methods including Granger-test method. Further, comparison of policies in case of South Korea is also made to present impacts of difference policies on not only the current renewable energy utilization but also the economic growth. In addition, analysis on electricity market structure of Indonesia is made to understand any possible obstacles in enhancing the re-newable energy utilization and providing some policy re-commendation in Indonesia.
AcknowledgementThis work was supported by the Energy Efficiency & Resources of
the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning
(KETEP) granted financial resource from the Ministry of Trade,
Industry & Energy, Republic of Korea (No. 20194010201920).
P-PN-003 089
Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment and
Adaptation Measures of Korean Industries
Kyung Soon Park1, Seung Jun Park2, In Chul Hwang3,
Seong Kon Lee4,*, and Jung Hoon Park5,*
1CDM Certification Center, Korea Energy Agency, Ulsan, Korea
and Department of New & Renewable Energy Engineering,
Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
2Energy Technology Team, Incheon Regional Headquarter, Korea
Energy Agency and Department of New & Renewable Energy
Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
3Department of New & Renewable Energy Engineering, Dongguk
University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
4Energy Policy Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
5Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk
University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected], [email protected])
The importance of adaptation to climate change as well as mitigation of climate change is globally emphasized, and the damage caused by anomaly has become serious, increasing the need to identify vulnerability of industries to climate change and strengthen response capabilities. A combination of top-down approach and bottom-up approach has been used to strengthen the adaptation capabilities of Korean industries. Top-down approach involves the climate change impact assessment based on IPCC climate models and scenarios. In addition, climate change vulnerability and risk assessment using location-based evaluation indicators and tools, as well as establishment of adaptation measures through consulting and training have been used as bottom-up approach. The industrial climate change vulnerability and risk assessments comprises of vulnerability assessments that evaluate the extent or nature of vulnerability to climate change, and risk assessments that evaluate potential impacts and risks that Korean companies can face associated with climate change. Vulnerable and high-risk factors are derived from such assessment, and, as a result, the development of evaluation indicators for fifteen industries has been completed till 2018. The industrial climate change vulnerability assessment and adaptation diagnosis evaluation tool is comprised of self-diagnosis function and information sharing function of best practices for adaption measures. Currently, 80 companies have used the tool. The result of this on-going program can provide fundamental data and framework for the development of strategic measures of industrial sector for adaption to future climate change risks.
AcknowledgementThis research is carried out by Korea Energy Agency’s commissioned
research task (20190436613-00 Ho) and KIER’s basic R&D fund
(B9-2462-01).
P-PN-004 090
The Resident Acceptability for Photovoltaic System in
Rural Site by Survey Analysis Method
MiLan Park*, SeungWook Shin, Chul-sung Lee, Juhyun An, and
Yoon-Ho Park
Future Agricultural Research Division, Water Resources &
Environment Research Group, Korea Rural Community
Corporation, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In this study, we classified and analyzed the type and cause of resident conflicts and made a solution at side of resident through resident survey study for research subjects located at photovoltaic system will be installed or not. The factors of resident conflicts based on news media release from 2006 to 2018 were classified to four types such as economic,
Poster Abstracts 101
environmental, technological and procedural factors. Accor-ding to the news analysis, the types and proportion of resident conflicts in the photovoltaic system projects showed 33% of economic factors, 32% of environmental factor, 21% of technological factor and 14% of procedural factor. This news analysis may suggest that it is very important residents to share the economic benefits as well as to ensure the fairness of the procedures for carrying out the project based on transparent information disclosure during the business promotion and profit distribution stages. We conducted the poll survey in the rural towns where photo-voltaic system will be installed or not. The poll survey results showed that (i) there is quite difference in agreement rate and other recognition for sensitive matters such as profit distribution, environmental and technological factors whether photovoltaic system will be installed or not, (ii) the resident conflict regarding the photovoltaic system installation can reduce through direct involvement of residents process. To solve these resident conflicts, the local governments should mainly effort and consider the supporting technologies and consults to solve clearly resident conflicts. In addition, it has to advertise the safety of photovoltaic systems regarding electromagnetic wave which were within the range of scientifically harmless to the human body.
P-PN-005 091
Analysis of Climate Technology & Finance
(Mitigation field) - in Relation to Multilateral
Development Banks
Joo Young Lee, and Su Hyeon Han*
Division of Policy Research, Green Technology Center, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
This paper looks at the current state of multilateral develop-ment banks(MDBs) for climate change measures and the funding status of that invested by mitigation technology in order to briefly review the current outcome of the technology transfer and financial support. The total amount of the MDBs support from 2003 to 2018, which is subject to the MDBs survey, was $ 226,997 million and was counted as 2528 projects. According to the technology classification results of each project, $ 90 million was invested in average by technology, $ 48,991 million was invested in renewable energy and $ 119,310 million was invested in energy demand, which was 74% of the total investment. In terms of the number of projects, IDB and WB’s investment in renewable energy, ADB and IDB’s investment in energy demand accounts for high portion. At the beginning of the investment, there was a lot of general climate related policy support, and since then, it has expanded to various technology fields centered on renewable energy investment, and the proportion of renewable energy and energy demand is steadily increasing every year.
P-PN-006 092
The Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources
in the Asia-Pacifc Region
Youngsun Kim*, and Sanghoon Ji
Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea
Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT),
Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) was adopted at the UN Sustainable Development Summit in September 2015. These 17 SDGs ask all developed and developing countries for their immediate action to eradicate poverty, improve health and education, stimulate economic growth, reduce inequality etc. Of 17 SDGs, there are 2 goals primarily focused on climate change and water related issues: SDG 6 (Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all) and SDG 13(Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts). Each goal has its own targets with global indicators, which contain the annual data across the world and these data are available to the public. In this study, therefore, the progress of SDG 6 and 13 in the Asia-Pacific countries most vulnerable to climate change has been tracked by analyzing their global indicators, respectively in order to better understand the impacts of climate change on their water resources and provide adequate financial and technical assistance to them.
AcknowledgementThis research was carried out as a part of “A study on establishing
strategic plan for KICT’s climate change R&D project (grant number
20190127-001)” and “Development of the Global Water Atlas for
responding to climate change (grant number 20190404-001)” funded
by the Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea.
P-PN-007 093
A Financial Analysis of Roof Solar Photovoltaic
Power Generation Using CIGS
Taewook Kim*
New and Renewable Energy Group, Central Research Institute,
KHNP, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
A Financial analysis of roof solar photovoltaic power genera-tion using CISGS was conducted. Among the assumptions used in the financial analysis, SMP and REC prices were cited by the Korea Institute of Electrical Engineers’ report. As a result of applying 80% of investment cost and 4% interest rate, IRR was more than 10%, which is higher than required interested rate of return 6.2%. However, the REC prices applied in the financial analysis was higher than the actual price, and further analysis was performed using the revised results. Also, sensitivity analyses on changes in investment cost, sales, operating cost, and ratios of borrowing were performed.
P-PN-008 094
A Comparative Analysis of Relative Weight between
Criteria to Be Applied in the Selection of New Project
of the Regional Energy Plan
Seongkon Lee1,*, Kwangho Lee2, Gento Mogi2, and Youngjin Ha1
102 AFORE 2019
1Energy Policy Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Technology Management for Innovation, The
University of Tokyo, Japan
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The Regional energy plan has established for the development of regional energy industry and enhancing energy welfare for local residents every five years. In addition, regional energy act was changed and all local governments’ regional energy plans should be renowned in January 2020. In this research, we make a short list of criteria and analyze the comparative analysis of relative weight between them according to the upper and lower tier. Upper-tier criteria accounts for local characteristics, market, and government policy. Lower-tier criteria include 8 sub-criteria. We execute the expert’s survey with pairwise comparisons of criteria considering consistency ratio check. We also carried out the sensitive analysis of the criteria that make a relative com-parison of each criterion with the change of weights. The research results will provide local energy planner with the idea for selecting new project of the regional energy plan considering regional energy environment and sustainable development of local government.
AcknowledgementThis research is carried out by KIER’s basic R&D fund(B9-2462-01)
and external business project(B9-5511).
P-PN-009 095
Technical Classificaion Reflecting Energy Industry
Characteristics in Case of Energy Efficiency Sector
Seongkon Lee*, Kyeongtaek Kim, Woonho Baek, Ran Yoo,
Jeeyoung Choi, and Jiseok Ahn
Energy Policy Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The importance and role of energy technology are increasing to address the issue of climate change, realized the Govern-ment’s RE3020, and cope with sustainable development. As the importance of energy technology increases, the amount of information about energy technology has been greatly increased. In this research, we propose technical classification of energy efficiency sector considering energy industry characteristics. We also investigated technical classifications related to domestic and international cases. The results will be applied to implementing a data warehouse for managing energy technology data including corporate status, sales status, workforce status, technology level status, law and regulation status.
AcknowledgementThis research is carried out by KIER’s external business project fund
(B9-4353).
SH : Small Hydro Power
P-SH-001 096
Flow Induced Vibration in a Two-stage Turbine for
Pumped Storage Hydropower Plant
Jungwan Park*, Jin Woo Yang, and Koon Jang
Green Energy Research Center, KHNP-CRI, Daejeon, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Flow induced vibrations in a Francis turbine originate from various physical mechanisms. One of them is the pressure fluctuation in flows. Most of the pressure fluctuations in the turbine does not affect the mechanical structure so that it does not develop meaningful vibration in the system. Some of them need to be noticed for the relationship with mecha-nical vibrations. Finite number of blades and rotor-stator interactions are well known causes for the pressure fluc-tuations. Another reason for the fluctuation is the hydraulic surge in the draft tube of a turbine on partial load operation. These pressure fluctuations can interact with mechanical components in the turbine which leads to system vibrations. However, it is not easy to investigate the root causes for these kinds of vibration in the system when measurement of the vibration can be conducted in the field. We introduce a Lab. test method to investigate the root causes of the flow induced vibrations and suggest a proper method to evaluate the source of the vibration in the field.
ST : Solar Thermal
P-ST-001 097
Retracted by the authors
P-ST-002 098
Techno-Economic Analysis of Integrated Renewable
Energy Systems with Energy Storage Systems for Plus
Energy Communities
Min Hwi Kim*, and Jongkyu Kim
Solar Thermal Convergence Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
This paper proposed renewable energy systems integrated with various energy storage systems for a net plus energy community. The plus energy community is composed of the zero energy solar house (ZeSH), ZeSH-2, energy-plus house, and plus energy building for childcare center and office. These four buildings are located on Daejeon in South Korea. The plus energy building will be constructed, three existing buildings would be remodeled for positive energy generation buildings, and then the plus energy community will be organized. The major components of the hybrid renewable energy systems are photovoltaic system, hydrogen electrolyzer and fuel cells, and solar thermal system. The energy storage
Poster Abstracts 103
systems are composed of the electric energy storage system (ESS), hydrogen storage tank, and seasonal thermal energy storage. Through the simulation, the on-site electrical energy matching (OEFe) and payback period were estimated and compared to the conventional systems and integrated hybrid systems. In order to evaluate the electric energy fraction and matching performance of the system configurations, four simulation cases were conducted. It was found that the OEFe were significantly increased by integration of various energy storage systems.
AcknowledgementThis work is supported by the Korean Institute of Energy Technology
Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) of the Republic of Korea (No.
20192710100280).
P-ST-003 099
A Study on the Dehumidifying System for Green
House
Sueng Gun Hyun1, Jong Woo Kim1, Kwang Soo Ko1, And
Youn Cheol Park2,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, Jeju
National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University,
Jeju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
This study was conducted to combine various heat source from the environment such as stored heat in the greenhouse itself, air and direct solar radiation from the sun. The system was combined with ICT-based smart farm technology that can control the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse. It was developed a technology to improve agricultural productivity through facility at the horticulture area. It can be control internal temperature and humidity to reduce the utility cost of facility horticulture. The temperature difference between at the top and bottom of the greenhouse can be achieved around 8°C in the daytime. The heat comes from the sun in the upper part was stored at daytime, and it will be used when the green house demand heating at night through a thermal storage operation of heat pump system. The heat at top side of the greenhouse was used as the heat source of the heat pump and it could be stored to the storage tank. When the heating operation is started at night, the system uses hot water in the storage tank. If the green house demand a dehumidification, an auxiliary evaporator of the heat pump system generates dehumidified air by increasing the temperature via the heat exchanger. As results, the utility costs (energy costs) of the system can be reduced about 80.2% compared to the conventional boiler’s.
AcknowledgementThis work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation
for Technology in Food, Agriculture and Forestry(IPET) through
Agriculture and Livestock Machinery/Equipment Industry Technology
Development Program, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and
Rural Affairs(MAFRA)(grant number: 119087-2)
P-ST-004 100
Renewable Energy Implementation Potential of Zero
Energy Community for Smart City
Min-Hwi Kim1,*, Jae-ho Yun2, and Jongkyu Kim1
1Solar Thermal Convergence Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2New and Renewable Energy Institute, Korea Institute of Energy
Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Recently, the South Korean government confirmed the plan to develop smart cities choosing Sejong and Busan as test beds. This paper demonstrated the renewable energy imple-mentation potential of zero energy community for smart city. For the case study, the Busan Eco Delta Smart City which is an innovative smart-city project in Korea focused on the sustainability is selected. For evaluating the renewable energy implementation potential of the smart city, the three steps were progressed. First, the thermal load and electric load of the buildings are estimated via previous experimental data. This paper classified three different buildings: such as residential building, non-residential building, and research and development center. Second, the PV installation and electric energy generation potentials are also investigated via smart city project master plan for buildings. And then, the zero energy smart city potential of the selected smart city was investigated. For investigating the zero energy rates of the smart city, the commercial software was selected. From the selected data, the energy use intensity of the residential building, non-residential building, and research and development center are 37 kWh/m2, 150 kWh/m2, and 179 kWh/m2, respectively. The entire electric energy consum-ption of the selected city was estimated at 779.5 GWh. Consequently, the zero energy rates of the selected smart city can be reached at 6.1% to 54.6% depending on the 10% to 90% of roof available area per total roof area.
AcknowledgementThis work is supported by the Korea Agency for Infrastructure
Technology Advancement (KAIA) grant funded by the Ministry of
Land, Infrastructure and Transport (Grant 19PIYR-B153277-01).
P-ST-005 101
Retracted by the authors
WU : Wasted Energy&Utilization
P-WU-001 102
Comparison of Biogas Productivity between Practical
and Theoretical Methodology in Biogasification of
Organic Wastes
Hee Sung Moon, Jun Hwa Kwon, Won Seok Lee, Sun Kyung Shin,
and Dong Jin Lee*
Environmental Resources Research Department, National Institute
of Environmental Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Biogasification by Anaerobic digestion is one of a technology
104 AFORE 2019
that converts organic waste into renewable energy. Biogas produced by biogasification is a fuel composed of about 60% CH4 and about 30% CO2. Direct landfilling and marine dumping of organic wastes were prohibited in 2005 and 2013. Because of stable disposal and biogas production as renewable energy, biogasification by anaerobic digestion is highlighted.In this study, the full-scale biogasification facilities actually operated in Korea were targeted. The amounts converted into biogas by anaerobic digestion of organic wastes were calculated by practical and theoretical methodologies and compared. As practical methodology, the actual amount of biogas produced in the biogasification facilities was calculated using the actual amount of organic waste disposed. Also, amount of biogas produced in theoretical methodology is calculated by digestion efficiency considered VS and FS of organic waste, type of digester, ect. As a result, it is possible to figure out the proper operation and efficiency of the bio-gasification facility by practical and theoretical methodologies. Then, it can be used as one of the factor for more stable operation of biogasification facilities.
AcknowledgementThis work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of
Environment Research (NIER), funded by the Ministry of Environment
(MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIER-2019-01-01-045).
P-WU-002 103
Assessement of Operating for Eco-Friendly Heating
System Using Waste Cooking Oil and Analysis of
Greenhouse Gas Emission in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Hyung Don Lee1,*, Hyouk Jin Yun2, In Seok Yun2, and
Seong Wan Yun2
1Water Environment Center, Korea Testing Laboratory, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
2Institute of Technology, FLINT LAB, Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia were serious problem due to population concen-tration, transportation, and heating by low coal in Ger area. Therefore, Mongolia government passed a bill about banning the use low coal in Ger area for solution of air pollution and greenhouse gas problem in this year. The heating by low coal in Ger area were impossibility, they need to use alter-native energy requisitely for heating in winter in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. In hence, we developed eco-friendly heating system using waste cooking oil to replace traditional heater, and supplied one hundred at Ger area in Ulaanbaatar. We conducted field test for 3 months in Ger test-bed and residential area, and secured experimental data such as fuel consumption, heating capacity, noise, odor, and user survey. Finally, we evaluated greenhouse gas emission using IPCC guideline and experimental measured value in comparison with traditional heater at Ger area in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
P-WU-003 104
A Preliminary Thermo-Economic Assessment of
sCO2 Power Cycle for Waste Heat Utilization Using
Dry Cooling
Hafiz Ali Muhammad1,2, Beomjoon Lee2, Junhyun Cho2,
Gilbong Lee2, and Young-jin Baik1,2,*
1Dept. of Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Science and
Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Energy Efficiency and Material Research Division, Korea Institute
of Energy Research, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle (sCO2) has con-sidered as a viable power cycle technology for harnessing low to mid temperature heat sources with high efficiency and compact footprint. Recently, sCO2 cycles has considered promising cycle for the concentrating solar power (CSP) applications. The high efficiency is achieved by doing com-pression process near the critical point (31.10 °C and 7.39 MPa), where the CO2 liquid like behavior dominates and the required compression power reduces. However, if the ambient temperatures are much higher than the critical temperature, then the CO2 compression process deviates towards gaseous compression which poses a penalty on the cycle power generation and efficiency. Therefore, at higher ambient temperature, we proposed and designed a heat- pump (HP) system that serve as the heat sink for the sCO2 cycle. Using the heat-pump the cooling of CO2 ¬can be done at temperature lower than the ambient temperature in the evaporator of the heat-pump. The refrigeration cycle of the heat pump refrigerant which absorbed heat from CO2, is completed by compressing and adjusting the refrigerant to reject its heat to the ambient. The results showed lowering the cooling temperature using the heat-pump can considerable increase the performance of the proposed cycle. The economic assessment of the proposed system is also being carried out to ascertain the superiority of the proposed system.
P-WU-004 105
A Case Study on the Incombustibles of Industrial
Wastes Sent into Incineration Facilities in Korea
Won-Seok Yang, Kyuyeon Kim*, Gyung-Goo Choi, Su-Young Lee,
Jun-Gu Kang, Won-Seok Lee, and Sun-Kyoung Shin
Waste–to-Energy Division, National Institute of Environmental
Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Generally, the industrial wastes that are brought into the incineration facilities are as varied as the source. The wastes sent into the incineration plant need to be pretreated and mixed before putting into incinerator to ensure uniform combustion conditions. In this study, for enhancement of the incineration capacity of waste incineration facilities in Korea, the characteristics of the mixed waste brought into the incineration facilities were investigated in Korea. The physical and chemical composition, incombustibility ratio, proximate analysis, calorific value, and the generation of incineration ash were investigated in several incineration facilities in Korea. The reduction effect of incineration ash and the variation of calorific value were evaluated through
Poster Abstracts 105
the pretreatment and separation of the incombustible portion.
P-WU-005 106
Recycling and Separation of Landfill Excavation
Containing Combustible Waste in Korea
Su-Young Lee, Kyuyeon Kim*, Gyung-Goo Choi, Won-Seok Yang,
Won-Seok Lee, and Sun-Kyoung Shin
Waste–to-Energy Division, National Institute of Environmental
Research, Incheon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The study is carried out to understand proper separating systems and resource recovery of excavated materials con-taining waste from various excavating fields in Korea. The current status and relative standards, management technology and screening process and analytical characteristics of the excavated materials containing waste were reviewed. Through the analysis of the samples such as separated combustibles, recyclable soils and residues collected from the on-site visits we were able to understand the characteristics of separated materials and excavated materials containing waste such as calorific value, elementary composition, TOC, foreign material content and LOI. There were about 150 excavation cases of landfilled materials containing waste. The separating processes mainly consist of size sorting process for soil and rocks and plastic sorting process for film-like combustible fractions. For efficient management and recycling of excavated materials containing, it is necessary to set criteria of ash content in separated combustibles and criteria organic matter content in separated soils in Korea.
P-WU-006 107
The Study of Pilot Scale Thermal Plasma Combustion
and Gasification System for Waste Plastic Treatment
in Cement Process
Kyu Hang Lee, Tae Wook Kim, Pil Jung Kim, Soo Min Lee, and
Byung Koo Son*
Division of Plasma Convergence R&BD, Cheorwon Plasma
Research Institute, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Plastic is a useful material used in all fields of industry such as automobiles, electricity, electronics, and construction, while the recovery rate for recycling waste plastics is about 25% worldwide, and the remaining resources are processed by incineration or landfilling. Economic loss caused by environmental pollution and disposal of available resources. The cement industry is an energy-intensive industry, which requires a lot of thermal energy to manufacture cement, and uses a large amount of fossil fuel as its main fuel. To reduce this, flammable waste is used as auxiliary fuel in cement manufacturing process. By recycling waste as fuel, we can reduce the amount of fossil fuel used to reduce the budget and reduce air pollution. In this study, we developed a pilot- scale thermal plasma gasification and combustion system of 50 ton / day and applied it to the cement manufacturing process. The gasification and combustion combined system
consists of a quantitative fuel feeder, a reactor, and a DC plasma torch. By applying a DC thermal plasma torch as a heat source, it minimizes tar generation by maintaining a high temperature for a short time. Waste plastic was treated at 2.0 ton / hr in the actual process. Gas analysis confirmed that gasification occurred, and pollutant gases emitted to the atmosphere were below environmental regulations. Gas analysis confirmed that gasification took place and pollutant gases emitted to the atmosphere were below environmental regulations.
P-WU-007 108
CFD Study on the Entrained Flow Gasification of
Bio-Oil
Myung Kyu Choi, Jae Gyu Hwang, Dong Hyuk Choi,
Seong Wan Hong, Seung Hyeon Hong, and Hang Seok Choi*
Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University,
Wonju, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Biofuel is attractive as a renewable energy because of its sustainability, carbon-neutral, etc. Bio-oil, one of the biofuels, can be produced through the fast pyrolysis of biomass. It has higher energy density compared with solid biomass, and is convenient for storage and transportation. This bio-oil can be utilized in industry such as heat and power as well as chemical resources. Among them, one application of bio-oil as a feedstock is syngas production by gasification. Bio-oil can be converted into high-quality syngas through the gasi-fication process, which has a small amount of impurities. Generally, syngas means a fuel gas mixture consisting of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and etc. Especially, hydrogen can be used for fuel cell power generation. The bio-oil gasification process consists of the injection of bio-oil, atomization of the injected bio-oil, vaporization of atomized oil droplets, and a gasification reaction by mixing the vaporized oil and oxidants. Until now, several researchers have studied bio-oil gasification by experiment but compu-tational analysis using CFD simulations has not been fully performed.For these reasons, in the present study, CFD simulation of bio-oil gasification in an entrained flow gasifier was carried out using the computational fluid dynamics code, STAR- CCM+. The feedstock is the bio-oil derived from the fast pyrolysis of domestic larch sawdust. The entrained flow gasifier used in this simulation was a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 140 cm. In the present numerical method, a droplet vaporization model was con-sidered and complex gasification reaction mechanisms were adopted. In this gasification process, the performance of the spraying nozzle is very important for the gasification system performance. Hence, first, the spraying characteristics of bio-oil by twin fluid atomizer nozzle were studied. Then, the multi-phase reacting flow field was calculated with respect to reaction conditions such as reaction temperature, oxidant equivalence ratio (lower than theoretical oxidant for complete combustion). Finally, the optimum conditions of bio-oil gasification were scrutinized through the product gas dis-tribution, cold gas efficiency, and H2/CO ratio.
106 AFORE 2019
AcknowledgementThis study was carried out with the support of ´R&D Program for
Forest Science Technology (Project No. "2017052C10-1919-BB02)´
provided by Korea Forest Service(Korea Forestry Promotion Institute).
And this work was supported by the Korea Institute of Energy
Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP) and the Ministry of
Trade, Industry & Energy(MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea(No.
20184030202240)
P-WU-008 109
Fast Pyrolysis of Coffee Ground in a Bench-Scale
Tilted-Slide Reactor
Yong Su Kwon1, Sang Kyu Choi1,2,*, Yeon Seok Choi1,2,
So Young Han2, Seock Joon Kim2, and Yeon Woo Jeong2
1Department of Environment and Energy Mechanical Engineering
University of Science and Technology Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Department of Clean Fuel & Power Generation Korea Institute of
Machinery & Materials Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Fast pyrolysis is the one of the thermochemical conversion methods of biomass that is increasing in usage of renewable energy. Fast pyrolysis decomposes the biomass in the anaerobic condition around the temperature of 500°C. Then, the product from the fast pyrolysis is in liquid phase and generally called bio-oil, bio-crude oil, or pyrolysis oil. In previous study, a tilted-slide reactor with a biomass feeding capacity of 20kg/hr was developed and the optimum tem-perature for maximum bio-crude oil yield has been investi-gated for various types of biomasses including sawdust, coffee ground, and palm kernel shell. However, the optimum conditions to obtain the not only bio-crude oil yield but also maximum energy efficiency in our pilot plant are still remained to be examined. In this study, we have conducted experiment using scaled-down plant by one-tenth of the capacity of the previously researched 20kg/hr-scale pilot plant in order to find optimum conditions. Initial preliminary experiments were carried out at the temperature of 550°C, and the bio-crude oil yield and fuel consumption were compared to previously researched 20 kg/hr-scale pilot plant. After the stabilization, we will be able to find the optimum conditions, such as the yields in various temperature ranges and in various types of biomasses, which was difficult to carry out in a large scale reactor.
P-WU-009 110
A Study on the Melting Characteristics of Sweage
Sludge under Oxygen Enrichment Conditions
Young Su Park*, Yong Taek Lim, Soo Nam Park, Dong Kyu Park,
Dong Ju Kim, and Bup Mook Jeong
Plant Engineering Center, Institute for Advcanced Engineering,
Youngin, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Recently, the demand for sludge recycling technology is increasing due to the prohibition of dumping of sewage
sludge and the enforcement of the framework act on resource circulation. Among sewage sludge recycling technologies, there is increasing interest in melting technology that can stabilize heavy metals in sludge. Sewage sludge is melted at a high temperature of more than 1,400 and then converted to slag after cooling. The generated slag can be recycled into aggregate and functional blocks. However, it is difficult to secure economic feasibility of existing melting technology due to high energy consumption. In general, air and pure oxygen are used as oxidants in sewage sludge melting systems. The use of air as an oxidant has a large amount of fuel to maintain the melting temperature, and also increases the capacity of the flue gas treatment facility due to nitrogen in the air. On the other hand, when pure oxygen is used as an oxidant, it is difficult to secure economic feasibility due to high oxygen production costs. In this study, we evaluated the sewage sludge melting characteristics according to oxygen enrichment rate, ER and oxygen distribution rate. As a result, the average combustion efficiency and slag rate of sewage sludge were 95.3% and 88.03%, respectively.
AcknowledgementThis study was funded by the Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE)
as “The Waste to Energy Technology Development Program”. (2018
001570002)
P-WU-010 111
A Study on Melting Properties of Sludge by Basicity
Bup Mook Jeong, Dong Ju Kim, and Yeong Su Park*
Plant Engineering Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering,
Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Since the Paris convention on climate change adopted at the plenary session of the conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in December 2015, governments around the world are trying to achieve a reduction of greenhouse gases. Korea also encouraging the use of renewable energy to reduce green-house gas emissions, through the establishment of the ‘Re-newable Energy 3020’ implementation plan, it is expanding the portion of power generation using waste, bio, wind, and solar energy.Most of the ash from combustion process is being landfilled in South Korea. Generally, ash contains lots of contaminants like heavy metals. (Mercury, Chrome, Cadmium, Arsenic, Lead, Copper, etc,.) Landfill will cause environmental pol-lution by leaching water from ash. There are four stable treatment methods for ash : cement solidification, melt solidification, drug treatment and acid extraction. In this study, we conducted experiment to find the parameters related to the melting characteristics of the sludge. The fluidity is considered to be related to the content of inorganic compo-nents. Therefore we analyzed the effects of the basicity on melting temperature.
AcknowledgementThis study was funded by the Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE)
as “The Wastes to Energy Technology Development Program”
(2018001570002).
Poster Abstracts 107
P-WU-011 112
Retracted by the authors
P-WU-012 113
Thermogravimetric Analysis of Mixture of ASR and
Coffee Ground and Characteristics of Pyrolysis Oil
So Young Han*, Yeon Seok Choi, and Sang Kyu Choi
Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
We have studied the pyrolysis characteristic of wasted coffee ground and the pyrolysis oil. The wasted coffee ground is excellent renewable resources being able to produce good quality pyrolysis oil. Automobile Shredded Residue (ASR) occurs during the waste automobile treatment process, and about 25% of the weight of the scrap car is generated as waste. Most of the car wastes, over 70% of the weight, are composed of 31% of fibers, 22% of expanded polystyrene, 20% of plastics including the rest of the car wastes, rubber, earth, glass, wood, paper and wires. Most of these materials have a high calorific value and polymer organic substances. As that reason, ASR generally is used an auxiliary fuel at present. We thought ASR could be a good material with coffee ground for pyrolysis oil. We have prepared the ratio of mixture of coffee ground and ASR 1:1 for pyrolysis oil production. In this study, thermogravimetric analysis of ASR and coffee ground is carried out and characteristics of the mixture of ASR and coffee ground pyrolysis oil are measured.
P-WU-013 114
A Study on K, Cl Removal Characteristics for Cement
Kiln Dust using Organic Acids
Dong-ju KIM*, Min-Hye SEO, and Sung-Su CHO
Plant Engineering Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering,
Yongin-si, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Cement Kiln Dust(CKD) is a by-product of the Portland cement manufacturing process. It refers to fine dust including scattering dust generated during the grinding of raw materials such as limestone and calcination of clinker. It is occurring at 7 – 10 % of the total cement production. When re-inserted into the cement kiln, it is attached to the pre-heater, causing operation failure and reducing efficiency of the cement production process. In addition, CKD contains a large amount of potassium and chlorine components, it is difficult to recycle as a resource. Therefore, it is urgent to study the treatment and recycling method for CKD.In this study, several organic acids were used to removal potassium and chlorine in CKD. Organic acids used were Citric acid, Oxalic acid and Formic acid. Distilled water was used for comparison. 5 wt% of CKD was mixed with 0.5 mol of organic acids and the stirring time was changed to confirm the removal of potassium and chlorine.
AcknowledgementThis work was supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology
Evaluation and Planning(KETEP) and the Ministry of Trade, Industry
& Energy(MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea (No. 20182010202100).
P-WU-014 115
Air Pollutant Emission Characteristics of Biodrying
Sewage Sludge in Pilot Scale Combustion Melting
Furnace
Dong-ju Kim, Dong-kyoo Park, Bup-mook Jeong, Soo-nam Park,
Yong-tack Lim, and Yeong-su Park*
Plant Engineering Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering,
Yongin-si, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Solid fuelization technology has been developed since the offshore dumping of various sludges was banned, but it is still difficult to find a technology that combines technology stability, economics and energy efficiency. Biodrying is a biological drying technology by microorganisms, which can produce solid fuel by removing moisture from sludge with small energy consumption.In this study, the emission characteristics of air pollutants in the combustion gas generated from the combustion of biodrying sewage sludge fuel in a pilot-scale combustion melting furnace were investigated. The samples were sewage sludge fuel pellets that had been dried through hot air and then pellet-formed, and unmolded sewage sludge dried through biodrying technology. The experiment was conducted in the range of ER ratio 1.2 - 1.5, and the concentrations of NOx, CO2, CO, HCl, and Dust of the combustion gas generated under each condition were measured. In addition, the removal efficiency of HCl and dust removed from the contaminant scrubbing tower was evaluated.
AcknowledgementThis subject is supported by Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE)
as “The Wastes to Energy Technology Development Program” (No.
2018001570002).
WE : Wind Energy
P-WE-001 116
Fatigue Life Evaluation of Offshore Wind Turbine
Support Structure under Variable Ocean Load
Gee Nam Lee1, and Dong Hyawn Kim2,*
1Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Kunsan National
University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea
2School of Architecture and Coastal Construction Engineering,
Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
It is practically impossible to obtain an environmental load during the design life of an offshore structure. For this reason, many studies use short-term observed data and apply the assumption that the data is repeated throughout the design
108 AFORE 2019
life of the structure. However, the probability distribution of the load is different according to the occurrence time and the cumulative period, which also affects the fatigue life of the structure. In this study, the effect of load variation on the fatigue life of offshore wind turbine support structures is evaluated. Simulation is performed using a probability model, and a stress time history is calculated using a regression model. The fatigue damage is calculated using the Rain-flow cycle counting method, the Goodman equation, the basic S-N curve, and the Miner’s rule. From this study, it is con-firmed that the conventional assumption (repetition of short - term load) causes uncertainty of fatigue life and the simulation method using long-term data is suitable.
AcknowledgementFunding: NRF-2016R1D1A3B03933885 & 20194030202300.
P-WE-002 117
Retracted by the authors
P-WE-003 118
A Vibration Suppression Controller for Vertical Axis
wind Turbine Systems Having Tower Model
Wonseok Ha, Daehan Kim, and Juhoon Back*
School of Robotics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In the wind turbine system, vibrations are caused by following; a torsion between the turbine and blades, a torsion of tower structure by the reaction torque of the turbine, a thrust by wind, and others. Vibrations can affect structural stability and power generation performance. Moreover, it causes resonance in the wind turbine system and causes the problem in the control of the turbine to obtain a constant torque or a constant output.This paper presents a method to suppress the vibration of vertical axis wind turbine systems whose the drivetrain is modeled like a 2-inertia system, and the tower and blades are modeled by bending beam model. The proposed con-troller, which is based on the disturbance observer using the internal model principle, can compensate the vibration as well as system uncertainties under assumptions that the tur-bine speed are available for feedback and the wind speed are known. Simulation results are presented to validate the per-formance of the proposed controller.
P-WE-004 119
Study of Optimal Layout Metamodel for Offshore
Wind Farm in Korea
JoongJin Shin1, and YoungWoo Rhee2,*
1Hydropower Design & Technology Group, Central Research
Institute, KHNP, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology Chungnam
National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The two objectives of the optimal wind farm plans is to minimize the cost of energy (COE) and maximize the annual energy production (AEP). The optimization of 60MW offshore wind farm layout in a nuclear power plant in Korea was used as a case study. DOE was configured to propose and validate an efficient optimal design framework for obtaining text data or exchanging data needed for optimal design through low-level programming languages needed for optimum turbine layout of ring offshore wind farms. The efficiency and utilization were each calculated as 96.5% and 28%. The continuous optimization of wind farm turbine placement using Kriging response surface supports these observations. As for the effects of separation from shoreline, AEP increases with distance from shoreline, but the loss of tail current is minimized at 1,250 m without linear reduction with distance from shoreline. The optimal solution of turbine arrangement was obtained using AEP and tail loss meta-model and EA and PSO algorithms.
P-WE-005 120
Structural Optimization for Weight Lightening and
Fatigue Life Securing of Wind Turbine Composite
Blade
Yun-Jung Jang1, and Ki-Weon Kang2,*
1Institute of Offshore Wind Energy, Kunsan National University,
Kunsan, Republic of Korea
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kunsan National
University, Kunsan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
In order to increase energy production efficiency, as the blades of wind turbine increase in size, problems of high cost and safety are occurring. To solve this, it is necessary to establish a design procedure suitable for reduce the weight and load of the blade. Here, a composite material having excellent resistance to a load and characteristics such as specific strength and specific stiffness is used. Therefore, in this study, an optimal design procedure on the blade structure was proposed considering that the composite material has other mechanical properties depending on the design. First, a design problem was derived, related design variables were selected for it, and an optimal design was formulated. Weight was selected the objective function in order to make the blade lighter and economical. In addition, the constraints were selected ultimate strength and tip deflection. Because, to consider the mechanical properties closely related to the structural safety and to prevent the case of hitting the tower due to the bending of the cantilever structure with one side fixed. In particular, composite materials used for blades can be designed with different material types and thicknesses, so there are multiple design variables. Therefore, since it is difficult to consider all design variables, the load at a specific location and the material thickness were selected as design conditions. a finite element model with these conditions was created and static analysis were performed. As a result, the objective function and the constraints were confirmed, and the optimum design conditions were obtained. Finally, fatigue analysis was performed to confirm that the optimum values were suitable for fatigue life.
Poster Abstracts 109
AcknowledgementThis research was supported by Basic Science Research Program
through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) funded by
the Ministry of Education(NRF-2016R1D1A1A09918310) and by the
Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)
and the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy(MOTIE) of the Republic
of Korea(No. 20183010025200).
P-WE-006 121
Numerical Study on the Air-Conditioning
Performance of Datacenter According to Rack Layout
and Air Guide Application
Sungjin Yang*, Myungsung Lee, and Joo Han Kim
Intelligent Mechatronics Research Center, Korea Electronics
Technology Institute, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
As he introduction of high-performance IT equipment is gradually increasing, the amount of power required is also continuously increasing. Since the physical space of the data center, which is the basis of IT services, is limited, servers must be installed in a stacked structure in order to increase power density in the same space, which means that the cooling load that needs to be processed per unit area increases. As power consumption in data centers increases, many attempts to improve the efficiency of air conditioning systems are indispensable. In this paper, we compare the Rack Cooling Index, which is one of the data center air conditioning performance indicators, through numerical analysis (CFD) to derive the proper layout of high-density racks and analyze the utility of the cold air flow guide.
AcknowledgementThis work was supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology
Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) and the Ministry of Trade, Industry
& Energy (MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea (No. 20182010600130).
P-WE-007 122
Analysis of Kite-Based High-Altitude Wind Energy
Conversion
Ho Seong Yang1, In Cheol Kim1, and Young Ho Lee2,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, KMOU, Busan, Republic
of Korea
2Division of Mechanical Engineering, KMOU, Busan, Republic of
Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
As the problem of environmental pollution has been gradually expanded to national issues, interest in renewable energy is getting bigger. The most commonly used fossil fuels account for about 86% of the world’s main energy demand. [1] The percentage of petroleum was lower than that of 1971, but it was the highest at 32% among primary energy consumption. [2] As emerging economies continue to dominate global energy consumption, much research and technology development is being done to reduce the use of
fossil fuels to use renewable energy. According to REN21 [3], renewable energy accounted for about 70% of the world’s new generation capacity in 2015, and in some countries, the proportion of renewable energy, such as solar and wind power, increased considerably. Wind power has been steadily developed since the mid-1990s. It accounts for the largest portion of global renewable energy capacity except for hydroelectric power. theoretically, wind energy is proportional to the cube of wind speed. Hence, doubling the wind speed increases the power by eight times. [4] The wind speed increases as altitude rises. [5] Therefore, the tower length is designed to be as long as possible to develop using a stronger wind speed. However, there are costs and structural limitations in raising tower. These limitations can be overcome by using an energy kite. In this paper, the kite-based high altitude wind energy convertor is considered. This convertor is called energy kite. The energy kite converts electricity from wind energy at high altitudes of over 100 meters without tower. The kite is connected to generator on the ground through a tether. When the kite is pulled up by the wind, it is wound on the generator. As the kite is flying by the wind, the strings wound on the generator are released and produce electricity. If the tether is loosened over a certain length by the wind, adjust the kite and recover it to the ground. This cycle is repeated and produces electricity.
AcknowledgementThis work was supported by the Human Resources Development of
the Korea institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning
(KETEP) grant funded by the Korea government Ministry of Knowledge
Economy (No. 20164030300280).
P-WE-008 123
Design and Optimization Methodology of 10kW
Horizontal Axis Wind Lens
Ali Alkhabbaz1, InCheol Kim1, TaeMoo Shim2, and Young-Ho Lee3,*
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, Korea
Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Republic of Korea
2HYDROKOREA Company, Suwon, Republic of Korea
3Division of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean
University, Busan, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
Environmental pollution, climate change, global warming and limited fossil fuels are the most important factors to move toward expanding demand of alternative and clean energy resources. Wind power is one of the popular renewable energy resources based on the extraction of kinetic energy from air. This paper presents the design and optimization methodology of small-scale horizontal axis wind lens. Since the turbine rotor converts the potential energy of the air into mechanical form, the rotor blades play an essential role in increasing the turbine efficiency. Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory is used to find out the optimum parameters of the rotor blades such as chord length, rotor speed, and twist angle distribution. Since the power output is proportional to the third order of incoming velocity, so, even a slight increase of the fluid velocity will produce a notable increment of the power output. Thus, a compact shrouded duct equipped
110 AFORE 2019
with a ring-type flange has been utilized to enhance the turbine efficiency and promote it to work in the low wind velocity regions. Five design parameters including (inlet segment length, outlet segment length, inlet radius, outlet radius, and flange height) have been optimized using ANSYS- Fluent to find out the optimum configuration of wind lens. Results showed that the optimum parameters of the shrouded turbine could produce a high power output with a rate of increase up to 26 % as compared with a conventional turbine.
AcknowledgementThis work was supported by the Human Resources Development of
the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning
(KETEP) grant funded by Korea government Ministry of Knowledge
Economy (No.20164030300280).
P-WE-009 124
A Study on the Employment Creation and Effects of
the Korean Government’s R&D Investment in the
Wind Industry
Tae Hyung Kim, and Seong Ho Song*
Department of Electronical Engineering, Kwangwoon University,
Seoul, Republic of Korea
*corresponding author ([email protected])
The Korean government has been investing in research and development in the wind power sector since 1989 with the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy. The South Korean government invested about 500 billion won in research and development in the wind power sector over 30 years from 1989 to 2018. In addition, the government has been building conditions for the country’s wind industry to grow through various supply support policies, including the RPS(Renewable Energy Portfolio Standard) system. As a result, several MW systems were localized. The size of Korea’s wind industry has grown to 1.1 trillion won in annual sales and about 2,000 employees. While the nation’s land-based wind power market is weak due to the small territories and the problems of NIMBY, the government continued to support in technology developments and market support policies. Even though the performance of Korean wind industries in overseas market, the role of the government is still significant to the growth of the wind industry. In particular, the government’s R&D investment program, which focused on enhancing companies’ competitiveness, provided job creation in the wind industry and a stable research environment for researchers. In this paper, it is analyzed in detail the R&D costs of the Korean government’s investment in the wind power sector and the impact of the government’s investment in technology develop-ment on the industrial sector, especially the employment sector, by comparing the direct employment effect and the overall employment status.
Author Index
Author Index 113
AAbdul kodir P-HF-019
Abhishek Kumar SS-III-001
Ahreum Lee P-PV-020, SS-II-001
Alba Vilanova Cortezon P-PV-003
Ali Alkhabbaz P-WE-008
Alice Downham P-E&LC-007,
P-E&LC-008
Ara Cho SS-II-001, P-PV-020, P-PV-024,
P-PV-034, P-PV-037, P-PV-038
Arihant Sonawat O-SH-003
BBat-Erdene Bayandelger O-PV-006
Batsugir Bat-Orshikh O-PV-002
Battuvshin Bayarkhuu O-PV-002
Bayasgalan Dugarjav O-PV-002
Benjemar-Hope Flores O-ESS/SG&MG-002
Beomjoon Lee P-WU-003
Bo Young Kim O-ESS/SG&MG-001, O-PV-009
Bong Ki Lee SS-VI-006
Boyoung Kim O-PV-007
Bo-Young Kim O-PV-004, P-PV-003
Bum Suk Kim O-WE-004, O-WE-005
Bup Mook Jeong P-WU-009, P-WU-010
Bup-Mook Jeong O-WU-003, P-WU-014
Byeol-Nim Lee P-HF-019
Byeong Hoon Lee P-PV-013
Byonghu Sohn P-GE-002, P-GE-003
Byung Ha Kim O-E&LCT-002
Byung Hwan Um P-BE-006
Byung Koo Son P-WU-006
Byung Ok Jin P-PV-002
Byungchan Bae P-HF-018, P-HF-019
Byung-Ha Kim P-ME-003
Byungha Shin SS-II-002
Byungsung O P-PV-036
CChan Joo Kim O-ME-003
Chang Hyun Lee P-PV-035
Chang Ki Kim O-ESS/SG&MG-001, O-PV-001,
O-PV-003, O-PV-004, O-PV-005,
O-PV-007, O-PV-009, O-WE-002,
P-E&LC-007, P-PV-003
Chang Sub Won SS-III-004
Chang Yeol Yun O-ESS/SG&MG-001,
O-PV-009
Changhyun Lee P-PV-033
Chang-Sik Son P-HF-023, P-PV-017,
P-PV-018, P-PV-029
Chang-sub Won SS-III-003
Chang-Yeol Yun O-PV-001, O-PV-003,
O-PV-004, P-E&LC-007
Chanwon Jung SS-II-002, SS-II-011
Chi Yong Park P-PV-012, P-PV-023
Chong Pyo Cho P-HF-022
Choon-Man Jang P-PN-001, P-ST-001
Chul-Ho Park O-PN-004
Chul-sung Lee P-HF-016, P-PN-004,
P-PV-009, P-PV-010, P-PV-016
Chung-Hwan Jeon P-BE-001
Chung-Kyu Lee P-E&LC-002, P-E&LC-003
Corwin Rudly O-HF-001
DDa In Park P-ME-001
Dae Hwan Shin SS-II-004
Dae Hyun Choi P-HF-001
Dae Hyun Song O-PV-003
Dae Young Kim O-WE-005
Daehan Kim P-WE-003
Dae-Hwan Kim SS-II-007, P-PV-019
Dae-Hyung Cho SS-II-005, P-PV-031
Dae-Kue Hwang SS-II-007
Dae-Yong Lee O-WE-010, O-WE-012
Danbee Han P-BE-004, P-BE-005
Dasom Jeoung O-ME-005
David Harris IN-I-002
Deog-Keun Kim P-BE-002
Desy Caesary P-PN-002
Do Won Kang O-E&LCT-003
Dong Hoon Oh P-ME-003
Dong Hwan Kam SS-VI-006
Dong Hwan Kim P-HF-002, P-HF-003,
P-HF-004
Dong Hyawn Kim O-WE-003, P-WE-001
Dong Hyuk Choi P-BE-007, P-WU-007
Dong Jin Lee O-WU-002, P-WU-001
Dong Jin Suh P-BE-003
Dong Ju Kim P-WU-009, P-WU-010
Dong Kyoo Park O-WU-003
Dong Kyu Park P-WU-009
Dong Min Lee P-PV-026
Dong Ryeol Kim P-PV-020, P-PV-021
Dongchan Kim SS-III-003
Dong-Cheol Kim O-WU-003
Dongchul Park P-HF-012
Donggwan Lee P-E&LC-001
Dong-Hwan Jeon SS-II-007, P-PV-019
Donghwan Kim P-PV-004, P-PV-033,
P-PV-035
Donghyeok Shin P-HF-023, P-PV-038
Donghyeop Shin SS-II-001, P-PV-001,
P-PV-021, P-PV-024, P-PV-034, P-PV-038
Donghyun Hwang P-HF-023, P-PV-017,
P-PV-018, P-PV-029
Dongjin Choi P-PV-033, P-PV-035
Dong-Ju Kim O-WU-003, P-WU-013,
P-WU-014
Dong-kyoo Park P-WU-014
Dongkyun Kang P-PV-035
Dong-Min Kim O-ME-002
Dongwon Shin P-HF-018, P-HF-019
Duk Oh Lim O-WE-008
EEduard R. Heindl P-ESS/SG&MG-002
Enebish Namjil IN-IV-001, O-PV-006,
P-E&LC-006
Enkhzul Namdag O-PV-002
Eun Ho Kang SS-II-004
Eun Kyung Lee P-HF-010
Eunhee Seol P-BE-009
Eun-Hong Min O-ME-002
Eun-Kyung Lee P-HF-006, P-HF-007,
P-HF-008
Eun-Seok Song SS-V-003
GGa Hee Kim P-BE-006
Gee Nam Lee P-WE-001
Gento Mogi P-PN-008
Gi Sung Pang SS-V-003
Gil Soo Jang O-ESS/SG&MG-001
Gilbong Lee P-WU-003
Gil-Lim Yoon O-WE-008
Gooyong Lee O-PN-002, O-PN-004
Gu-Gon Park SS-I-001, P-HF-012
Gun Woo Oh P-HF-009, P-HF-010
Gun-Woo Oh P-HF-005, P-HF-008, P-HF-011
Gye-Choon Park P-PV-011
Gyeong-Min Kim P-BE-001
Gyoung Min Oh P-PV-002
Gyuho Han SS-II-012
Gyung-Goo Choi P-WU-004, P-WU-005
HHaejung Hwang SS-V-003
Hae-Seok Lee P-PV-033, P-PV-035
Hafiz Ali Muhammad P-WU-003
Haiquan An P-WU-011
Hajime Shibata IN-VII-002
Haneul LEE P-HF-021
Hang Seok Choi P-BE-007, P-WU-007
Hee Suk Jung P-E&LC-004, P-E&LC-005
Hee Sung Moon O-WU-002, P-WU-001
Hee Won Lim P-ST-005
Heebum Lee P-ME-002
Hitoshi Tampo IN-VII-002
Ho Seong Lee P-PV-020
Ho Seong Yang O-HF-003, P-WE-007
Hojin Lee SS-II-002
Hong Seok Jo SS-II-006, P-PV-031
Hong-Goo Kang O-ME-003
Hoon Oh P-PV-032
Hoonjoo Choi P-PV-004
Hoyoung Song P-PV-033
Hwan Ho Kim P-PV-022
Hwanyeong Oh P-HF-017
Hye Won Kim P-BE-006
Hyebin Han P-PV-035
Hyebin Lee O-WE-009
Hyejin Lee P-HF-018
Hyemin Yang P-BE-003
Hyeonggeun Yu SS-II-008
Hyeonmin Jeon P-PV-024
Hyeon-Mo Yang O-SH-003
Hyesun Yoo P-PV-019
Hyo Jae Lim P-GE-003
Hyo Mun Lee P-PV-022
Hyo Seok Lee P-PV-007
Hyo Sung Sun P-WE-002
Hyoen Jae Kim P-HF-023
Hyojoong Bang P-HF-009
Hyo-Jung Bang P-HF-005, P-HF-011
Hyouk Jin Yun P-WU-002
Hyoung Kweon Kim P-PV-002
114 AFORE 2019
Hyoungwoon Song P-E&LC-004, P-E&LC-005
Hyuk-Jin Kwon SS-II-006
Hyun Goo Kim O-PV-009
Hyun Seung Byun P-HF-022
Hyung Don Lee P-WU-002
Hyun-Goo Kim O-ESS/SG&MG-001,
O-PV-001, O-PV-003, O-PV-004,
O-PV-005, O-PV-007, O-WE-002,
P-E&LC-007, P-E&LC-008, P-PV-003
Hyunji Im O-PN-003
Hyunjin Lee O-PV-008
Hyunju Lee P-PV-033
Hyunjun Seok SS-II-006
HyunJung Park P-PV-033, P-PV-035
Hyunseung Byun P-BE-004, P-BE-005
IIman Rahimipetroudi P-HF-015
In Cheol Kim P-ME-003, P-WE-007
In Chul Hwang P-PN-003
In Jae Lee P-PV-025
In Seok Yun P-WU-002
In Sung Jung P-PV-030
InCheol Kim P-WE-008
Inyoung Jeong P-PV-021, P-PV-034, P-PV-038
In-Young Jeong SS-II-001
JJae Gyu Hwang P-BE-007, P-WU-007
Jae Ho Choi P-ESS/SG&MG-001, P-PV-030
Jae Ho Yun SS-II-001, SS-II-002, SS-II-010,
P-PV-020, P-PV-024, P-PV-037, P-PV-038
Jae Hong Park P-PV-029
Jae Kyeong Jang O-WE-001
Jae Kyung Jang P-E&LC-001, P-PV-002
Jae Seong Jeong SS-III-004, P-PV-032
Jae Sung Park SS-VI-004, SS-VI-007
Jae Woo Park P-ESS/SG&MG-001, P-PV-030
Jae Yu Cho P-PV-006, P-PV-007
JaeHo Yun P-PV-034
Jae-ho Yun P-ST-004
Jae-Hoi Gu O-WU-003
Jae-Hoon JEONG P-HF-021
Jaesik Kang P-GE-002
Jae-Wook Choi P-BE-003
Jaeyeong Heo IN-VII-005, P-PV-005,
P-PV-006, P-PV-007
Jang-Ho Lee O-WE-010, O-WE-011,
O-WE-012
Jea-Young Choi IN-VII-004
Jeeyoung Choi P-PN-009
Jeha Kim SS-II-003
Jehyun Lee O-PV-003
Je-Hyun Lee O-PV-001
Jeong-Myeong Ha P-BE-003
Jeung-hyun Jeong SS-II-008
Ji Chan Park O-E&LCT-001
Ji Ho Yoo O-HF-001
Ji Yeon Hyun P-PV-035
Jian Ding IN-VII-001
Ji-Hong KIM P-HF-021
Jihoon Kim O-ME-004
Jihun Kim SS-II-009
Jihye Gwak SS-II-001, SS-II-002, SS-II-010,
P-PV-001, P-PV-021, P-PV-024,
P-PV-034, P-PV-037, P-PV-038
Ji-Hye Kim P-HF-006, P-HF-007
Jihyun Moon P-PV-036
Jin Ho Hyun P-HF-012
Jin Hwan Ko O-ME-004, O-ME-005
Jin Hyeok Kim SS-II-009, P-HF-013,
P-HF-014, P-PV-013, P-PV-014, P-PV-015,
P-PV-025, P-PV-026, P-PV-027, P-PV-028
Jin Hyeon Oh P-PV-018
Jin Kyoung Kim SS-VI-006
Jin Kyung Kwon P-E&LC-001
Jin Lee P-PV-011
Jin Soo Yoo SS-II-001
Jin Su Yoo P-PV-034, P-PV-037
Jin Su Yu P-PV-038
Jin Woo Yang O-SH-001, P-SH-001
Jin Young Kim O-PV-009, P-E&LC-007
Jinbong KIM SS-V-005
Jin-Chel Moon P-PV-004
Jin-Han Yun P-E&LC-002, P-E&LC-003
Jin-Hyuk Kim O-SH-003
Jin-Kyu Kang P-PV-019, SS-II-007
Jin-Ok Kim O-WE-010
Jinsoo Song IN-IV-003
Jinsu Yoo P-PV-021
Jin-Suk Lee P-BE-002
Jinyeon Won P-HF-017
Jinyoung Kim O-PV-005
Jin-Young Kim O-PV-004, P-E&LC-008
Jiseok Ahn P-PN-009
Jiseon Hwang P-PV-037
Jiwon Lee SS-II-012
John Byrne O-PN-001
Jong Ho Yoon SS-II-004, P-PV-022
Jong Hwa Kim O-WE-004
Jong Hwa Won O-ME-003
Jong Hwan Park SS-VI-005
Jong Moon Lee SS-III-004
Jong Po Park O-WE-001
Jong Woo Kim P-ST-003
Jonghoo Park P-PV-021
Jonghyuk Yoon P-E&LC-004, P-E&LC-005
Jongkyu Kim P-ST-002, P-ST-004
Jongmoon Lee SS-III-003
Jong-Pil Kim P-BE-001
JongPil Moon P-GE-001
Jongsup Hong P-HF-017
Joo Han Kim P-WE-006
Joo Hyung Park SS-II-001, P-PV-020,
P-PV-021, P-PV-034, P-PV-037
Joo Young Lee P-PN-005
Joon Young Kim P-PV-030
JoongJin Shin P-WE-004
Juhee Jang P-PV-012
Juhoon Back P-WE-003
Juhyun An P-HF-016, P-PN-004,
P-PV-009, P-PV-010, P-PV-016
Ju-Hyun Hong O-WE-012
Ju Hyung Park P-PV-038
Jun Hwa Kwon O-WU-002, P-WU-001
Jun Hyung Park SS-II-013
Jun Sik Cho SS-II-001, P-PV-037, P-PV-038
Jun Sung Jang P-PV-028
Jun Young Kang P-HF-009
Jun Young Kim P-ESS/SG&MG-001
Juna Kim P-PV-017
Jung Hoon Park P-PN-003
Jung Hwan Park P-PV-029
Jung Hyun Park SS-VI-003
Jung Kyung Rho SS-VI-005
Jung Rae Kim P-BE-009
Jung Tae Kim O-WE-001
Jung Tae Lee O-PV-009
Jung Woon Lee P-HF-009, P-HF-010
Jung-Il Yang O-E&LCT-001
Jung-Jae Park P-PV-012, P-PV-023
Jungkyu Choi P-BE-003
Jungsoo Suh P-PV-008
Jung-Tae Lee O-PV-001, O-PV-004
Jun-Gu Kang P-WU-004
Jungwan Park O-SH-001, P-SH-001
Jung-Woon Lee P-HF-005, P-HF-006,
P-HF-007, P-HF-011
Junhee Seok P-PV-004
JunHo Kim SS-II-012, P-PV-019
Junho Won O-PV-003
Jun-Hong Choi SS-III-002, SS-V-004
Junhyun Cho P-WU-003
Junhyung Kim P-BE-009
Jun-Sik Cho P-PV-020, P-PV-021,
P-PV-024, P-PV-034
Junsung Jang SS-II-009
Jun-Young Kang P-HF-005
Juran Kim SS-II-010, P-PV-019
KKashif Rashid P-HF-015
Ka-Young Song O-WE-013
Kee-Jeong Yang SS-II-007, P-PV-019
Kihwan Kim SS-II-001, SS-II-002, SS-II-010,
SS-II-011, O-WE-008, P-PV-021, P-PV-024,
P-PV-034, P-PV-037, P-PV-038
Kil Hwan Moon SS-VI-006
Kil Ju Na P-PV-011
Kim kihwan P-PV-001
Ki-Weon Kang O-WE-010, P-WE-005
Kook Young Ahn O-E&LCT-003
Koon Jang P-SH-001
KrishnaRao Eswar Neerugatti P-PV-005
Kuldeep Singh Gour P-PV-015
Kwang Soo Kim P-GE-003
Kwang Soo Ko P-ST-003
Kwangho Lee P-PN-008
Kyeongtaek Kim P-PN-009
Kyoon Duck Yoon SS-VI-001
Kyoung Ho Cha O-WE-006
Kyoung Kwan Ahn O-ME-001
Kyu Hang Lee P-WU-006
Kyung Min Kim O-SH-003
Kyung Soon Park P-PN-003
Kyung-Soo Lee P-PV-012
Kyuseung Han P-PV-037
Kyuyeon Kim SS-VI-002, P-WU-004,
P-WU-005
Author Index 115
LL. Rajapakse O-E&LCT-002
Lawrence Waithiru SS-III-003
MMendbayar Bayarsaikhan P-E&LC-006
Mi Ho Park O-WE-001
Mika Ohbayashi IN-IV-002
Mikyoung Jung P-BE-008
MiLan Park P-HF-016, P-PN-004, P-PV-009,
P-PV-010, P-PV-016
Min Hwi Kim P-ST-002
Min Jun Lee O-ME-003
Mina Lee O-PN-002, O-PN-004
Min-Goo CHOI P-HF-021
Min-Hwi Kim P-ST-004
Min-Hye SEO P-WU-013
Minhyeok Lee P-PV-004
Minjae Kim SS-II-003
Minjin Kim P-HF-017, P-HF-021
Min-Kyu Jeon P-E&LC-002, P-E&LC-003
Minsu Shin P-PV-012
Min-Woo Kim P-HF-005, P-HF-006,
P-HF-007, P-HF-011
Min-Young Sun O-WE-013
Molor Sharkhuu P-E&LC-006
Muhammad Adeel Ashraf P-HF-015
Muhammad Awais P-PV-001, P-PV-024
Muhammad Rehan P-PV-024
Myenggil Gang SS-III-003
Myeong Eon Kim SS-II-005, P-PV-031
Myeonghwa Park P-BE-008
Myo-Eun Kim O-HF-002
Myong-Gyun Baek P-PV-017
Myung Ick Hwang P-PV-032
Myung Jin Nam P-PN-002
Myung Kyu Choi P-WU-007
Myungsung Lee P-WE-006
NNakyeong Lee P-BE-008
Nam Choon Baek P-ST-005
Namjil Enebish P-ESS/SG&MG-002
Nguyen Le Dang Hai O-ME-004
Nirmal K.C. Nair P-E&LC-006
Nochang Park P-PV-004
OOu-Sam Jin O-WE-002
PPil Jong Kim P-HF-002, P-HF-003, P-HF-004
Pil Jung Kim P-WU-006
Prakash Thapa P-PV-011
Pramod Patil P-PV-027
Pranda Mulya Putra O-PV-008
Pratama Juniko Nur P-HF-018
Pravin Babar P-HF-013
Pravin S. Pawar IN-VII-005
Pyuck-Pa Choi SS-II-002, SS-II-011
QQuynh Van Nguyen O-WU-001
RRan Yoo P-PN-009
Riky P-BE-002
Rupesh S. Devan IN-VII-003
Rusiru Rajakaruna O-E&LCT-002
SS.D.G.S.P. Gunawardane O-E&LCT-002
Saiful Huque P-PV-032
Sainbold Saranchimeg P-E&LC-006
Sajid Ali P-PN-001
Sam S. Yoon SS-II-006, P-PV-031
Sang Ho Lee P-ME-001
Sang Jin Oh O-PN-002
Sang Joon Shin O-WE-007
Sang Keun Dong P-HF-015
Sang Kyu Choi O-WU-001, P-WU-008,
P-WU-012
Sang Lae Lee O-WE-007
Sang Su Shin P-PV-020, P-PV-021
Sang Yoon Lee P-PV-022
Sang-Don Lee P-PN-002
Sang-Geon Park P-PV-017
Sanghoon Ji P-PN-006
Sanghwan Heo O-ME-002
Sang-Il Lee O-WE-011, O-WE-012
Sang-In Keel P-E&LC-002, P-E&LC-003
Sang-Kyun Kang O-WE-011
Sangmin Cho P-E&LC-007
Sangmin Lee O-E&LCT-003, P-PV-038
Sang-Min Lee SS-II-001
Sang-Moon Lee P-ST-001
SangWoon Lee P-PV-018
Sarb Giddey IN-I-002
Se Jin Ahn P-PV-037
Se Jin Park P-PV-035
SeJin Ahn SS-II-001, P-PV-034, P-PV-036,
P-PV-038
Seo Young Song P-PN-002
Seock Joon Kim P-WU-008
Seok Jong Han P-ME-001
Seok-Hee Park P-HF-012, P-HF-020
SeokHo Park P-GE-001
Seong- Ho Lee SS-V-001
Seong Ho Song P-WE-009
Seong Hwan Kang P-PV-030
Seong Keon Kim O-WE-004
Seong Kon Lee P-PN-003
Seong Ryong Park P-HF-022
Seong Wan Hong P-BE-007, P-WU-007
Seong Wan Yun P-WU-002
Seong Won Kwon SS-II-013
Seongkon Lee P-PN-008, P-PN-009
Seong-Won Kim SS-III-002, SS-V-004
Seung Gon Lee P-PV-018
Seung Hyeon Hong P-BE-007, P-WU-007
Seung Jun Park P-PN-003
Seung Kyu Ahn SS-II-001, P-PV-021,
P-PV-036, P-PV-037, P-PV-038
Seung Moon Lee P-E&LC-007
Seung-Gon KIM P-HF-021
Seunghee Woo P-HF-020
SeungKyu Ahn P-PV-034
SeungWook Shin P-HF-016, P-PN-004,
P-PV-009, P-PV-010, P-PV-016
Se-Yun Kim P-PV-019
Shigeru Niki IN-VII-002
Shi-Joon Sung SS-II-007, P-PV-019
Shin Taek Jeong P-ME-001
Shin Wook Kang O-E&LCT-001
Shin Young Kim O-ESS/SG&MG-001,
O-PV-009
Shinho Kim IN-VII-002
Si-Nae Park SS-II-007, P-PV-019
So Young Han P-WU-008, P-WU-012
Sohyun Bae P-PV-035
Sojeong Lee P-HF-018
Song Hyun Park P-HF-002, P-HF-003,
P-HF-004
Soo Hyun Kim O-HF-001
Soo Jin Jang P-PN-002
Soo Min Lee P-WU-006
Soo Nam Park P-WU-009
Soo Youn Lee P-BE-009
Soohyun Bae P-PV-033
Soo-Jin Han P-HF-011
Soojin Shin O-PN-001
Sook Kyung Lee P-PV-012, P-PV-023
Soomin Song SS-II-001, P-PV-001, P-PV-034,
P-PV-038
Soon Youl So P-PV-011
Soo-nam Park P-WU-014
Su Ha O-E&LCT-001
Su Hyeon Han P-PN-005
Sueng Gun Hyun P-ST-003
Sumit Korade P-PV-027
Sun Kyung Shin O-WU-002, P-WU-001
Sun Yong Kim SS-II-013
Sung Gi Kwon P-PV-011
Sung Ho Chang O-E&LCT-003
Sung Hyun Kim P-PV-032
Sung Sik Oh P-PV-002
Sung-Dae Yim P-HF-020
Sung-Hee Shin P-HF-018, P-HF-019
Sung-Ho Yu O-WE-011
Sung-Hoon Hong SS-II-005
Sungjin Yang P-WE-006
Sungjun An P-BE-008
Sungjun Kim SS-II-003
Sungkun LEE P-HF-021
Sung-Soo Park O-WE-011, O-WE-012
Sung-Su CHO P-WU-013
Sungwook “Sam” Min IN-I-001
Sung-Wook Nam SS-II-002
Sunkyoung Shin SS-VI-002
Sun-Kyoung Shin P-WU-004, P-WU-005
Sunny Kumar Poguluri O-WE-009
Su-Young Lee SS-VI-002, P-WU-004,
P-WU-005
TTae Hee Jung SS-III-002, SS-V-004
116 AFORE 2019
Tae Hyung Kim P-WE-009
Tae Kyoung Kang P-PV-002
Tae Suk Lee P-PV-002
Tae Sung Jung O-E&LCT-001
Tae Wook Kim P-PV-012, P-PV-023,
P-WU-006
Tae-Gun Kim P-PV-031
Tae-Gyu Park SS-V-003
Tae-Hyun Yang SS-I-001
TaeMoo Shim P-WE-008
Tae-Sung Park P-HF-008
Taewook Kim P-PN-007
Tai Hyeop Lho P-HF-001
Takehiko Nagai IN-VII-002
Tanka Raj Rana P-PV-036
Temujin Enkhbat SS-II-012
Thomas Reindl SS-III-001
Tri Cuong Do O-ME-001
Tri Dung Dang O-ME-001
Tuananh Bui O-E&LCT-003
Tulga Otgonkhishig SS-II-004
UU Cheul Shin P-ST-005
Ujjwal Shrestha O-SH-002
Uk Jae Lee P-ME-001
Umesh P. Suryawanshi P-HF-014
Uwineza Laetitia O-WE-002
VVijay C. Karade P-PV-014
WWang Je Lee P-ST-005
Watchara Tongphong P-ME-003
Weoncheol Koo O-ME-002
William Jo SS-II-010, P-PV-019
Won Hyeog Joo SS-VI-007
Won Mok Kim SS-II-008
Won Seok Lee O-WU-002, P-WU-001
Wonjun Choi P-BE-003
Wonseok Ha P-WE-003
Won-Seok Lee SS-VI-002, P-WU-004,
P-WU-005
Won-Seok Yang SS-VI-002, P-WU-004,
P-WU-005
Won-Sik Shin O-WE-010
Wonwook Oh P-PV-004
Won-Yong Lee P-HF-017
Woo-Jin Choi P-PV-018, P-PV-029
Woo-Jung Lee SS-II-005, P-PV-031
Woon Ho Yeo SS-VI-003, SS-VI-004, SS-VI-007
Woonho Baek P-PN-009
XXinhui Fang P-WU-011
YYasir Siddique P-PV-036
Yean Hee Kim O-WE-005
Yee Paek P-E&LC-001
Yeon Jin Ku P-HF-002, P-HF-003, P-HF-004
Yeon Seok Choi O-WU-001, P-WU-008,
P-WU-012
Yeon Woo Jeong P-WU-008
Yonggook Son P-PV-038
Yeong Kyu Kim O-ME-003
Yeong Su Park P-WU-010
Yeong-su Park P-WU-014
Yong Heack Kang O-ESS/SG&MG-001
Yong Il Kim O-PV-009
Yong Sik Kim SS-II-013
Yong Su Kwon O-WU-001, P-WU-008
Yong Taek Lim P-WU-009
Yong-Duck Chung SS-II-005, P-PV-031
Yong-Heack Kang O-PV-003, O-PV-004,
O-PV-005, O-PV-007, P-E&LC-007
Yong-tack Lim P-WU-014
Yoon Hyeok Bae O-WE-009
Yoon Woo Choi O-ME-003
Yoon-Ho Park P-HF-016, P-PN-004,
P-PV-009, P-PV-010, P-PV-016
Yoonmook Kang P-PV-033, P-PV-035
Yoon-Young Choi P-HF-017
Yoshio Ohshita P-PV-033
You-Kwan Oh P-BE-008, P-BE-009
Youn Cheol Park P-ST-003
Young Duk Lee O-E&LCT-003
Young Eun Song P-BE-009
Young Heack Kang O-PV-009
Young Ho Lee O-E&LCT-002, O-HF-003,
P-WE-007
Young Hwa Kim P-PV-002
Young Jin Cho SS-VI-006
Young Jin Kim O-WE-003
Young Sang Kim O-E&LCT-003
Young Soon Baek P-HF-022
Young Su Park P-WU-009
Young Sun Ryou P-PV-002
Young Woo Choi SS-V-007
Young-Do Choi O-SH-002
Young-Eun Kim P-BE-008, P-BE-009
Young-Ho Lee P-ME-003, P-WE-008
Young-Ill Kim SS-II-007, P-PV-019
Youngjae Lee SS-II-003
Young-jin Baik P-WU-003
Youngjin Ha P-PN-008
Young-Joo Eo SS-II-001, P-PV-001, P-PV-034,
P-PV-037, P-PV-038
Young-Jun Sohn O-HF-002, P-HF-021
Young-Kon Choi P-E&LC-002, P-E&LC-003
Young-kwon Kim SS-V-006
Young-Seok Choi O-SH-003
Youngsoon Baek P-BE-004, P-BE-005
Youngsun Kim P-PN-006
YoungWoo Rhee P-WE-004
Youn-Hwa Na SS-V-002
YounKoo Kang P-GE-001
Yun Ji Kim P-HF-022
Yun Sil Huh P-HF-002, P-HF-003, P-HF-004
Yunae Cho P-PV-024, P-PV-034, P-PV-037
Yun-Ae Cho SS-II-001
Yunji Kim P-BE-004, P-BE-005
Yun-Jung Jang P-WE-005
Yunsoung Kim O-PN-003
Yuseong Jang SS-II-002
ZZhen Liu P-WU-011
Zolbayar Jargalsaikhan P-ESS/SG&MG-002
Zolzaya Munkhtur O-PV-002