Cash for Repair & Reconstruction Project, Sri Lanka

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November 16 / 2006

Cash for Rehabilitation

Home owner driven housing

reconstruction project in Sri Lanka

A project funded by the people of Switzerland

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Cash :

distribution of cash grants to affected populations for self-rehabilitation

Shelter :

damaged houses as alternative to tents or temporary structures

Cash for Shelter

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Reminder on “cash” approaches

OwnershipAffected people decide on how to use the money

They have the responsibility of their own recovery

RecoveryAffected people reintegrate the social and economic system

Avoids to maintain them in the logic of assistance

EconomyNo need for important and expensive implementation structure

Triggers local economy

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Functioning economic systemMaterial & labour supply

Transport, services

Existing local structures Financial system (bank, post)

Authorities

Local social solidarity

Community

Culture

Conditions for a successful participatory approach

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Partly damaged

Fully damaged

The DisasterMore than 100’000 houses affected in a large range of destruction :

Minor Damage

Total Destruction

Affected DivisionsD

AM

AG

E

Appropriate for shelter

0 %

100 %

~40 %

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The Assessment

200 m

100 m

Risk / Disaster Reduction• Buffer zones, evacuation routes, EWS• Reconstruction standards

Criteria• Habitability (safety, structure)

• Land / House ownership• Identification of damage (disaster/usual)

• Beneficiary selection (rich/poor, vulnerable/affected)

Technical assessment• Precision (+ precision => - problems)

• Coordination (gov/org)• Amount (basic repair or more – services, sanitation)

• Options (cash for rent, support to host families)The initial Buffer Zone

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The Categories

Theoretically each house is a specific case

Financial support according to damage

Ideally the simplest way would be only one category

Lump sum as compensation (insurance concept)

Practically it depends on many different factors

Political, financial, social, religious, ethnic

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Partly Damaged1'000 USD

In 2 instalments

Fully Damaged2'500 USD

In 4 instalments

The Categories in Sri Lanka

In situSelf- reconstructionNo specifications

Relocation (new plots)Donor built

50 m2 / 5’000 USDInsideBufferZone

OutsideBufferZone

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The Program

Through multiple, conditional cash grants, the program aims to assist all affected house owners living outside the buffer zone to repair or reconstruct fully or partially destroyed houses.

It is a nation wide Government of Sri Lanka program.

Principle : a house for a house

Eligibility criteria :

Tsunami affected

Prove ownership of land

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1st instalment 500 $

Foundation

2nd instalment600 $

Walls

3rd instalment800 $

Roof

4th instalment600 $

Doors & Wind.

1st instalment500 $

50 %

2nd instalment500 $

100 %

Fully damaged Partially damaged

The Payment system

2’500 USD for fully damaged in 4 instalments

1’000 USD for partly damaged in 2 instalments

Cash for Repair & Reconstruction Project, Sri Lanka

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Cash distributionPayments verificationMonitoring use of moneySecurity

ReconstructionAvailability/prices of materialMonitoring progressTechnical support

AdministrationBeneficiaries' listsInstalment release Coordination/information

Implementation aspects

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Personnel Structure

Coordination National level Policy dialogue

Donor/Gov coordination

Management support Regional levelTransparency

Project management

Information platform

Technical support Beneficiary levelTraining

Verification & Monitoring

Awareness

INF

OR

MA

TIO

N

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Beneficiary identificationEstablish national beneficiary database

StandardsDesign, construction

CoordinationLocal gov. /Int. agencies

General Operational Challenges

Cash for Repair & Reconstruction Project, Sri Lanka

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Limit between early recovery and reconstructionHouses designs, prices, standards

Over-fundingPrices, duplication, demands

CapacitiesLocal / International

Specific Operational Challenges

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South

Construction standards

North

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Design standards

Government designs

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Traditional designs

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ReconstructionReconstruction of villagesPlanningNew infrastructures

Approaches

Early RecoveryProvision of Shelter

Reconstruction of damage

Little infrastructure change

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ConflictJaffna (North)

TsunamiHikkaduwa (South)

Affected populations

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Local authorities need support Support to local initiatives enhances chances of success

Information platform is fundamentalEach situation needs specific information exchange system

Transparency promotes equityProjects and assessments are usually run in parallel

Duplication is more and more accepted (over-funding)

Lessons learned

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Questions