november 17-18, 2015 ● san jose convention center ● san jose, ca a review of uas sensor markets:...

November 17-18, 2015 ● San Jose Convention Center ● San Jose, CA

A Review of UAS Sensor Markets:Who, What and Where Are They Going

MAPPS Winter Conference 1/31- 2/3 2016 Henderson, NV

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J.EDWARD KUNZ, GISPSENIOR PROJECT MANAGER AMERICAN AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 25 Years in the Geospatial Profession

Local Government Industry Federal Government Academia (Faculty Harrisburg University Harrisburg, PA)

Published Author, Presenter and Facilitator (ASPRS, URISA, Infragard)

Secretary Board of Directors PAMAPPS Liaison USDA, NASA, and NGA (ASRC Management Services, MD) Certified Geographic Information Systems Professional (GISP)




TYPES AND QUALITY OF CAMERAS/SENSORS Thermal 3 and 4-Band and More Band Calibrated Sensors Multi and Hyperspectral LiDAR Gas Detectors

Sensor Choices For UAS? Fixed Wing Verses Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL) DISCLAIMER: AATI is providing examples of systems for discussion purposes only. The examples provided herein are

not intended to indicate endorsement or approval by AATI and/or MAPPS or their affiliates.




THERMAL SENSORS Thermal Example Number -1

SPI CORP M1-D 640X480 thermal resolution Combines a CCTV visual imaging camera with state of the art

thermal sensor and an integrated laser pointing device. Weight ~2lb 4.5” diameter system Monochrome and Color modes Mounts to vehicles with magnetic base Zoom 2X, 4X, 8X Security, Law Enforcement Applications.Source: http://www.x20.org/product/m1-d-micro-ptz-infrared-camera/




THERMAL SENSORS Thermal Example Number -2

FLIR Systems (Various Cameras, Specifications are for the VUE)

640X512 thermal resolution 3.25-4 oz 2.26" x 1.75" Come Mount Ready (Two M2x0.4 on each of two sides &

bottomOne 1/4-20 threaded hole on top)

4.0 - 6.0 V Power Required Construction Management, Facilities , Property ApplicationsSource: http://www.flir.com/




3 and 4 band SENSORS R,G,B, and NIR

senseFly Systems (Various Cameras) RGB - 12 – 18.2 megapixels resolution NIR – 12 megapixels Red Edge – 12 megapixels 4 bands separate May be controlled by DRONE autopilot Manual and autofocus USB compatible Weight 4-6 ounces and up to 2 pounds Agriculture, Mining, Environmental Protection Applications.Source: https://www.sensefly.com/drones/accessories.html




3 and 4 band SENSORS MicaSense (MicaSense RedEdge™)

Narrowband filters for Blue, Green, Red, Red Edge, Near-Infrared

Simultaneous capture of five spectral bands 8 cm per pixel (per band) at 120 m (~400 ft) AGL 5.0 V DC, 4 W nominal USB compatible Weight 5.3 ounces AgricultureSource: http://www.micasense.com/




Calibrated SENSORS AATI (Direct Mapping Solution)

36 MPx visible light (VIS) sensor – calibrated GNSS Inertial System Weight 10 pounds as shown working on 2-4 pound version 1 Pixel Horizontal 3 Pixels Vertical Accuracy Without GCP Where “Survey Grade Results” are Required and Offshore Energy, Mining, TransportationSource: David Yoel Presentation AATI SGA Conference July, 21 2015




Hyperspectral SENSORS Headwall Photonics (Various Sensors)

5 Sensor Types capable of 400 – 2500 nanometers Fixed wing or octo-copter GPS and IMU included Weight 1.5 – 3 pounds configuration dependent Power 9-14.4 WATTS Agriculture, Forestry, Mining, DefenseSource: http://www.headwallphotonics.com/spectral-imaging/hyperspectral/micro-hyperspec




Hyperspectral SENSORS Surface Optics Corp. (SOC710-GX®)

400 – 1000 nanometers Fixed wing or octo-copter Weight approximately 4 pounds Power 12VDC/10 WATTS Agriculture, Forestry, Mining, InsuranceSource: https://surfaceoptics.com/products/hyperspectral-imaging/710-gx/




LiDAR Ball TotalSight™ LIDAR system (Flash LiDAR)

Presently Fixed Wing and Chopper Working on Smaller UAS Weight as shown 20 pounds New design <4 pounds Combines LiDAR, RGB Imagery TigerEye camera operating up to 30 fps Aretě TID laser operating at 1.06 µm Sony 5 megapixel Camera Applanix POS AV 510 integrated GNSS + Inertial Sensor A single-board computer from Curtiss Wright Combines LiDAR and Imagery in Near Real Time and streams the data to ground stations Forestry, Defense, Utilities, MappingSource: SPIE 2015 Conference Active and Passive Sensors VI Conference for Defense

November 17-18, 2015 ● San Jose Convention Center ● San Jose, CAMAPPS Winter Conference 1/31- 2/3 2016 Henderson, NV

Manufacturer Velodyne Lidar Velodyne Lidar Ibeo Automotive Systems

Ibeo Automotive Systems Riegl Riegl Riegl

Model VLP-16 ("The Puck") HDL32E LUX 4 LUX 8 VUX-1 HighAccuracy VUX-1 UAV VUX-1 LongRangeWeight (g) 830 1.050 1.100 1.100 3.650 3.650 3.650Size (mm) ∅103.3 * 71.7 ∅85.34 * 144.24 165 * 94 * 88 165 * 94 * 88 227 * 209 * 129 227 * 209 * 129 227 * 209 * 129Power consumption (typ, W) 8 12 8 8 30-60, fan 5 30-60, fan 5 30-60, fan 5Wavelength (nm) 905 905 905 905 1550 1550 1550Eyesafe yes yes yes yes yes yes yesOperating temperature (deg C) -10/60 -10/60 -40/85 -40/85 0/40 0/40 0/40Ingress protection IP 67 IP 67 IP 67 IP 67 IP 64 IP 64 IP 64Min range (m) 1.0 1.0 0.3 0.3 1.2 3.0 5.0Max estimated range (m)

120m at 80%,50m at 10%

120m at 80%,50m at 10% 200m at 90% 200m at 90% 400m at 80%,

150m at 10%920m at 60%,550m at 20%

1350m at 60%,820m at 20%

Rotational speed (rpm) 300-1200 300-1200 750, 1500, 3000 325, 700 10-250 10-200 10-200

Max number of returns 2 2 3 3 4 at 550 KHz 4 at 550 KHz 4 at 550 KHz

Range resolution (mm) 2 2 40 40 3 5 10Max ranging error (mm) 30 20 100 100 5 10 15Max pulse repetition rate (PRR, KHz) 300 700 1000 500 750Beam divergence (mrad)Footprint at 100m (mm)

3 / 300 1.4 horizontal / 14014 vertical / 1400

1.4 horizontal / 14014 vertical / 1400 0.5 / 50 0.5 / 50 0.5 / 50

Field of view horizontal (deg) 360 360 -60/50 -60/50 355 330 330Field of view vertical (deg) +15/-15 +30/-10 3.2 6.4 single layer single layer single layerNumber of lasers/planes 16 32 4 8 1 1 1Angular spacing between planes (deg) 2 1.33 0.8 0.8 single layer single layer single layerMax angular resolution (deg) 0.01 0.01 0.125 0.25 0.006 Recommended scanning height AGL (m)

20-60 20-60 80-120 80-120 50-150 50-350 50-530

Source: http://www.phoenix-aerial.com/information/lidar-comparison/




Gas Detecting SENSORS Princeton Methane Sensor

Presently Larger Fixed Wing Weight approximately 10 pounds Power 50 WATTS 2 Parts Per Billion Ground Test 3 Parts Per Billion in Flight Agriculture, Beef and Poultry, Oil and Gas, EnvironmentalSource: WWD-2 Campaign – Preliminary Report Cape May NJ September 1-2 2015 AATI




Gas Detecting SENSORS NASA Methane Sensor

Presently Larger Fixed Wing Eventually For Smaller UAS Weight approximately 1.5 pounds 5 Parts Per Billion Design Tunable to CO2, H20, Alkanes Agriculture, Beef and Poultry, Oil and Gas, EnvironmentalSource: WWD-2 Campaign – Preliminary Report Cape May NJ September 1-2 2015 AATI




SENSOR Choices To Use or Not to Use A Small or Larger UAS How do I decide to use a UAS and sensors (Factors In Decision Making)?

Customer requirements (Pixel Resolution, Horizontal and Vertical Accuracy etc.) Geography (Size of Project, Location of Project, Line of Sight and Communications) Regulations (Section 333 Limitations and/or COA s etc.) Processing Capabilities (Number of frames can choke a horse!) Legislation (Local bans on UAS etc.) Public Perception and Education (DRONES are EVIL or Can do Great Good) Property Ownership and Permissions Cost, Cost, Cost! Just because we have one (UAS and Sensors) does not mean it is the best

thing to use.

November 17-18, 2015 ● San Jose Convention Center ● San Jose, CAMAPPS Winter Conference 1/31- 2/3 2016 Henderson, NV

Quadcopter/Octocopter Fixed Wing and VTOL Mid-SizedSmall UAS (VTOL)

• 2 – 25 lbs• 20 – 60 minute

endurance• 400 foot ceiling• ½ mile range• Payloads: typically

carry small cameras

• ~25 – 500 lbs• 8 – 20 hour endurance• 8,000 - 24,000’ ceiling• BVLOS range – capable of

operating over hundreds of miles (eventually, in the NAS)

• Payloads: capable of carrying machinery threat, mapping and / or leak sensors

• Coverage Rate is ~50X greater than small UAS


Fixed Wing Verses VTOL

AATI RS-20 Aerovel Flexrotor



QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

THANK YOUMAPPS Winter Conference 1/31- 2/3 2016 Henderson, NV

november 17-18, 2015 ● san jose convention center ● san jose, ca a review of uas sensor markets:...

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