november 19, 2006 copyright: neerja raman reuters pics 1 getting to diamond harnessing ict as a...

November 19, 2006November 19, 2006 Copyright: Neerja Raman Reuters PicCopyright: Neerja Raman Reuters Picss

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Getting to DiamondGetting to Diamond

Harnessing ICT as a Driver of Economic and Social Development Harnessing ICT as a Driver of Economic and Social Development Frontiers of Knowledge for AfricaFrontiers of Knowledge for Africa

UUniversity Leaders’ Forum, University of Cape Town, Nov 18-21, 2006niversity Leaders’ Forum, University of Cape Town, Nov 18-21, 2006

Neerja RamanNeerja Ramanhttp://neerja.raman-net.comhttp://neerja.raman-net.com

Senior Research Fellow, Stanford UniversitySenior Research Fellow, Stanford University(fmr.) Director, Strategic Planning and Imaging Systems Lab, HP Labs(fmr.) Director, Strategic Planning and Imaging Systems Lab, HP Labs

Author:Author:

The Practice and Philosophy of Decision Making: A Seven Step Spiritual GuideThe Practice and Philosophy of Decision Making: A Seven Step Spiritual Guide


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Getting to DiamondGetting to Diamond What is it and why we care?What is it and why we care?

Role of UniversitiesRole of Universities

Case StudiesCase Studies ICT for InnovationICT for Innovation ICT for Public Healthcare ICT for Public Healthcare

Peek into the FuturePeek into the Future Technology areas for researchTechnology areas for research Business model issuesBusiness model issues


33

Getting to Diamond: why do we care?Getting to Diamond: why do we care?

healthy economy = healthy middle-classhealthy economy = healthy middle-class

Population 4B <= $2.00/day

Population 4B >= $??2.00/day


44

Technology Essential to Technology Essential to Address Higher Learning Address Higher Learning

ChallengesChallenges

““..higher-education institutions are ..higher-education institutions are challenged to change their modes of challenged to change their modes of operation in order to respond operation in order to respond effectively and efficiently to the effectively and efficiently to the needs of an innovative needs of an innovative developmental economy..”developmental economy..”

Education Minister Naledi PandorEducation Minister Naledi Pandor

BuaNews (Tshwane), November 5, 2006 BuaNews (Tshwane), November 5, 2006

Role of Universities


55

The Internet – circa 1474


66

The Internet - circa 2000


77

And it will be rich media

0105

paper1450

printing1870 electricity,telephone1947 transistor

1950 computinglate 1960s internet

1993 the web1999

source: uc berkeley

40,000 bccave

paintingsbone tools

3500 bc

writin

g

105paper

1450printin

g

1870 electricit

y,telephon

e1947 transisto

r

1950computing

1993the web 1999

57m tb

(add 24m) 57m

(add 12m) 33m

(add 6m) 21m

(add 3m) 15m

tbmore data will be created in the next 3 years . . .

. . . than in the last 40,000 years combined


88

Innovation ImperativesInnovation Imperatives Affordable (earn to pay)Affordable (earn to pay)

Pay-for use business modelsPay-for use business models Small loans, installment Small loans, installment

paymentspayments Income generationIncome generation

Accessible (rural, tribal)Accessible (rural, tribal) Mobile (un-tethered)Mobile (un-tethered) Low energy consumptionLow energy consumption e-distribution e-distribution


99

ICT for InnovationICT for InnovationEight year old Jenni-Lee Mason experiences computerEight year old Jenni-Lee Mason experiences computer


1010

The 3T's The 3T's Digital Equalizer Program Digital Equalizer Program

http://www.aifoundation.orghttp://www.aifoundation.org Technology: Hardware InfrastructureTechnology: Hardware Infrastructure

A typical DE center contains multimedia computers (a minimum student to computer ratio of A typical DE center contains multimedia computers (a minimum student to computer ratio of 4:1) loaded with Windows/Linux Operating System, power broadband networking, internet 4:1) loaded with Windows/Linux Operating System, power broadband networking, internet connectivity and other peripheral digital technologies (including printers, digital cameras, connectivity and other peripheral digital technologies (including printers, digital cameras, projection system, digital telescopes, etc.) projection system, digital telescopes, etc.)

Tools: Software, internet and learning toolsTools: Software, internet and learning toolsAll DE centers come equipped with a comprehensive software tools package that includes All DE centers come equipped with a comprehensive software tools package that includes Open Office, regional language fonts and browser capabilities in addition to grade-appropriate Open Office, regional language fonts and browser capabilities in addition to grade-appropriate curriculum software and project-based learning resources that emphasize sound pedagogical curriculum software and project-based learning resources that emphasize sound pedagogical techniques techniques

Training: Student, teacher and school administrationTraining: Student, teacher and school administrationA fundamental USP (Unique Selling Proposition) of the DE program is the emphasis on self-A fundamental USP (Unique Selling Proposition) of the DE program is the emphasis on self-sufficiency and capacity-building within the school system via training. The DE program sufficiency and capacity-building within the school system via training. The DE program includes an extensive 3-year training component intended for the different participants within includes an extensive 3-year training component intended for the different participants within the school system: students, teachers and school administration. The comprehensive training the school system: students, teachers and school administration. The comprehensive training component includes computer basics, use of popular productivity tools (MS Office, Open component includes computer basics, use of popular productivity tools (MS Office, Open Office etc), internet for research, use of email and other digital technologies to help create Office etc), internet for research, use of email and other digital technologies to help create rich, multimedia content.rich, multimedia content.


1111

Sustainable growth model Sustainable growth model

170170 schoolsschools• Across 12 statesAcross 12 states• Govt level advocacyGovt level advocacy

20052005

20020077

Over 575Over 575 schools (400 new)schools (400 new)• 3 large govt programs 3 large govt programs • Impact assessment, metricsImpact assessment, metrics• Pilot new technologiesPilot new technologies

2000 schools2000 schools• Cost reduction initiatives in pilotsCost reduction initiatives in pilots• Replicate large scale implementationsReplicate large scale implementations• English enrichment in curriculumEnglish enrichment in curriculum20062006

20020088

5000 schools5000 schools• Internships for DE GradsInternships for DE Grads• Achieve nearly 100% Achieve nearly 100%

sustenance ratesustenance rate

200% CAGRKey Success Factor: PartnershipsGovernment Partnership – Punjab State Govt.Corporate Partnership – Premji foundationCommunity Partnerships


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Click to ClunkClick to ClunkHewlett Packard Labs Book Factory ProjectHewlett Packard Labs Book Factory Project

Repository

Enterprise Data Center

AutomaticCrop/Deskew

Text Segmentation

Contrast Enhancement &

Compound documentImage compression

Auto-Extraction ofTable-of-content

& LinksOCR

PDFScannedImages

User-DirectedGround Truth

optional

Archive.org

De Young Museum

University of Toronto

…

• Process 180 books per hour per server• Have already processed about 1400 books from Archive.org• Targeting hundreds of thousands of books

ProductionWorkflow

BookOrder form

Archive.org

optional

Facsimile color capture

inkjet LaserJet

Indigo

“THE WEB”

Books for the Blind

optional


1313

Public Healthcare SystemPublic Healthcare System

Mobile, location Mobile, location aware integrated aware integrated systemsystem SurveillanceSurveillance On-demandOn-demand


1414

Smart Spend for Surveillance SystemsSmart Spend for Surveillance Systems

Tuberculosis - $1B on 100yr old tech. $300M suppliesTuberculosis - $1B on 100yr old tech. $300M supplies ““Industry has limited knowledge of market size, Industry has limited knowledge of market size,

character, geographic dimension”character, geographic dimension” Industry-Government partnerships can alleviate “burden Industry-Government partnerships can alleviate “burden

of disease”of disease”


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Disease SurveillanceDisease Surveillancehttp://rdvp.org/fellows/2006-2007/shashank-garghttp://rdvp.org/fellows/2006-2007/shashank-garg

WhatWhat: : Reduce “burden of disease” on stakeholders (communicable e.g. Reduce “burden of disease” on stakeholders (communicable e.g. TB and non-communicable e.g. Cardiovascular)TB and non-communicable e.g. Cardiovascular)

Improved community healthImproved community health

How: How: Portable, GPS equipped device for field workerPortable, GPS equipped device for field worker Data uploaded for analysis to central systemData uploaded for analysis to central system Actionable predictive capabilityActionable predictive capability

Why BetterWhy Better: Replaces current paper based system, timely trend detection: Replaces current paper based system, timely trend detection Improved reachImproved reach Reduction in error ratesReduction in error rates

Success MetricSuccess Metric: 50 % greater reach in five years and eradication of : 50 % greater reach in five years and eradication of selected diseases (TB, Malaria, Polio, …) in selected marketselected diseases (TB, Malaria, Polio, …) in selected market

Government, Hospital and Pharmaceutical Partnerships formedGovernment, Hospital and Pharmaceutical Partnerships formed


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Remote Specialist

Web PortalMatch-making, Scheduling, Medical Records

In the field Doctor

http://www.tele-healthcare.orghttp://www.tele-healthcare.orgOn-DemandOn-Demand


1717

Internet + computing = affordable access

1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020

Analog EraAnalog media and

equipment dominate

Digital EraDigital media and

equipment dominate

File- & Network-Based Era

Data files and servers dominate

TODAY

transition transition


1818

Medium bandwidth Medium bandwidth wirelesswireless

High quality digital High quality digital cameracamera

Full multimedia, Full multimedia, cellphone, streaming cellphone, streaming videovideo

Powerful processorPowerful processor GPSGPS

Tomorrow’s Multifunction ApplianceTomorrow’s Multifunction Appliance


1919

Tomorrow’s Digital ContentTomorrow’s Digital Content

Data TransmissionData Transmission

Data CollectionData Collection

Data RelationshipsData Relationships


2020

Individualized Mass Communication AutomatedIndividualized Mass Communication AutomatedIndividualized Mass Communication AutomatedIndividualized Mass Communication Automated

Your Customer

Your Company

Final Document100% uniquedocumentcreated forprint.

TemplateFlexible templatecontrols how contentflows into final document.

Media Asset SelectionRelevant contentselected based on profile.

Profile Unique customer profile created.

1

2

3

5

4

Information acquired via Internet, e-mail, phone, etc.


2121

Business Model IssuesBusiness Model Issues


2222

Emerging Economies Emerging Economies

employeeemployee base is socially disadvantaged base is socially disadvantaged (poverty, education, health, attitude..) (poverty, education, health, attitude..)

create a new create a new marketmarket or grow an existing one in or grow an existing one in a new geographya new geography

innovationinnovation e.g. new technology can leapfrog e.g. new technology can leapfrog the existing business models so you need a the existing business models so you need a new market to prove that new market to prove that


2323

Sustainability PrincipalSustainability Principal

It is not from the benevolence of the It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest.to their own interest.

Adam SmithAdam Smith Economist, Philosopher 1723 - 1790Economist, Philosopher 1723 - 1790


2424

More difficult to acquire capitalMore difficult to acquire capital

Motivators are differentMotivators are different Problems are more challenging as they cut Problems are more challenging as they cut

across geographies, socioeconomic groupsacross geographies, socioeconomic groups Has often been considered the job of Has often been considered the job of

governments (social sector)governments (social sector) No language to convert “social currency” to No language to convert “social currency” to

moneymoney Social currency can easily disappearSocial currency can easily disappear Public-Private partnerships are new!Public-Private partnerships are new!


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But really, it’s not But really, it’s not thatthat new! Share Principal new! Share Principal

Share status (just not the same) – Share status (just not the same) – Culture of trust and respect for the individualCulture of trust and respect for the individual

Share informationShare information Employees deserve to know Employees deserve to know

Share the wealth – employeeShare the wealth – employee profit sharing, fair wages, employee growthprofit sharing, fair wages, employee growth

Share the wealth – communityShare the wealth – community even more important for a global companyeven more important for a global company

Sharing is not philanthropySharing is not philanthropy make business decisions for sustainability but not make business decisions for sustainability but not

profiteeringprofiteering


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The only difference I see..The only difference I see..

Business can take longer to become self-Business can take longer to become self-sustainingsustaining

The language of leadership is differentThe language of leadership is different Local knowledge is essential hence more Local knowledge is essential hence more

difficult to achieve scale by replication difficult to achieve scale by replication


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AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

Partnership for Higher Education in AfricaPartnership for Higher Education in Africa Stanford UniversityStanford University Reuters Digital Vision ProgramReuters Digital Vision Program Reuters Picture Archives (copyrighted)Reuters Picture Archives (copyrighted) American India FoundationAmerican India Foundation Hewlett Packard LabsHewlett Packard Labs


2828

Thank YouThank YouQ&AQ&A

Neerja RamanNeerja Ramanhttp://neerja.raman-net.comhttp://neerja.raman-net.com

Senior Research Fellow, Stanford UniversitySenior Research Fellow, Stanford University(fmr.) Director, Strategic Planning and Imaging Systems Lab, HP Labs(fmr.) Director, Strategic Planning and Imaging Systems Lab, HP Labs

Author:Author:

The Practice and Philosophy of Decision Making: A Seven Step Spiritual GuideThe Practice and Philosophy of Decision Making: A Seven Step Spiritual Guide

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