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NPP Infrastructure Development in Thailand
Mr. Pongkrit Siripirom
Bureau of Nuclear Safety Regulation, Office of Atoms for Peace,
Ministry of Science and Technology, Thailand.
Technical Meeting on Country Nuclear Power Profile
18-21 March 2013, Vienna, Austria.
Outline
Background information - Current status
- National Policy and Strategy
- PDP
Legislation and Regulatory Infrastructure in Thailand – Organization, Legal and regulatory frameworks
Self-evaluation and INIR Mission to Thailand – Evaluation Results, Strong and weak points
Current actions to fill the gaps
Impact from Fukushima
Conclusion
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Current status
One research reactor of 2 MW.
No nuclear power in operation.
Nuclear energy and radiation utilizations: medical, science and technology, education, industrials, etc.
Office of Atoms for Peace has responsibilities in;
Regulation 3S for nuclear/radioactive materials and installations
Policies and strategic plans
Coordinate and support national nuclear security plan
Research and development in fields of nuclear and radiation safety, security, safeguards
Emergency preparedness and response
Illicit trafficking (especially to support AEC)
Any other undertaking provided by laws as authority, and as assigned by the Ministry of the Cabinet. 3
Policy and Strategy on Nuclear Energy
Basic Policy on Nuclear Energy
Enhancement of international and IAEA cooperation.
Preparation to support NPT and safegards agreement.
Policy on Safety of Nuclear Energy Utilization
Enhancement of regulatory supervision to support research and development in nuclear safety.
Policy on HRD and infrastructure
Enhancement and support for HRD.
Enhancement and support basic infrastructure development.
Policy on Sustainable Development
Enhancement of nuclear energy utilization for sustainable development.
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Power generation trend
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0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
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160,000
180,000
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
GWH
Year
Electricity Power Generation
Others
Imported
Diesel
Natural Gas
Coals
Fuel Oil
Hydro Electricity
Trend of Nuclear Power Development Program
Power Development Plan (PDP) 2010 (Apr. 2010)
5 x 1000 MW, First unit planned for commercial operation in 2020.
Revised 2 PDP 2010 (March 2011)
Fukushima accident in March 11, 2011.
Project was postpone for 3 years for safety measure review, waiting for legislation and regulatory framework, and stakeholder involvement review.
4 x 1000 MW, First unit planned for commercial operation in 2023.
Revised 3 PDP 2010 (June 2012)
2 x 1000 MW (approx. 5% Generation), First unit planned for commercial operation in 2026.
Increase renewable energy and clean coal energy.
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Before a country can make a knowledgeable commitment to nuclear power, a certain infrastructure needs to be in place.
The infrastructure involves many organization and stakeholders. Thus, the preparation requires a strong cooperation.
Thailand underwent a process of self-evaluation on infrastructure for nuclear power project in 2010, and IAEA conducted INIR Mission to Thailand at the end of 2010. The results were submitted to the Government as a part of the “Readiness Report”.
The Structure of Nuclear Regulatory Body in THAILAND
17 Sub-Committees
(Reactor Safety Sub.)
Ministry of Science &Technology (MOST)
Office of Atoms for Peace (OAP) (Secretary General of Thai-AEC)
Thai Atomic Energy Commission (Thai-AEC)
Relevant organizations for NPP (Regulator, TSO and Utility)
Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology
TINT
Office of Atoms for Peace OAP
Ministry of Science
and Technology Ministry of Energy
Prime Minister
Thai Atomic Energy Commission
Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
EGAT
National Energy Policy Council (NEPC)
Nuclear Power Infrastructure Establishment Coordinating Committee
NPIECC
Office of Energy Planning
Regulator
TSO
Utility
NPPDO
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NEPIO like organization “Nuclear Power Program Development Organization” so called “NPPDO” was
established under Nuclear Power Infrastructure
Establishment Coordinating Committee (NPIECC) as Secretary to NPIECC.
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Sub committee on 1. Legal system, Regulatory system and International
Protocols. 2. Nuclear Power Utility Planning Coordination. 3. Industrial and Commercial Infrastructure,
Technology Development and Transfer, and Human Resources Development.
4. Nuclear Safety and Environmental Issues. 5. Public Information and Public Participation. 6. Readiness report Preparation. 7. International Agreement and conventions.
Set up Sub committee to study the Infrastructure necessary for NPP
Nuclear Power Infrastructure Establishment Coordinating Committee
(NPIECC)
NEPIO/NPPDO
• National strategy for all 19 issues
• Funding strategy
• National stakeholders
Vietnam Nuclear Energy Summit 15
Regulatory Body
• Established legal and regulatory functions – Authorization process – Regulations and guides – Safety review and assessment – Inspection – Enforcement – Public information
• Recognition of IAEA standards for safety, security and safeguards
• Competency of personnel • International cooperation
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Utility
• Technical information – Electrical grid requirement
– Site selection
– Procurement
• Plan for human resource
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Regulatory Body Utility
Regulation and guidelines in place
Technical assessment
•Radiation protection •Emergency planning
•Environmental Protection •Fuel cycle and waste management
Self-Evaluation and INIR Mission
Working Group from relevant organization has been appointed to conduct Self – Evaluation according to 19 issues of infrastructure.
Self – Evaluation report was submitted to the IAEA for Pre INIR in July 2010
First INIR Mission to Thailand was conducted in December, 2010 for one-week duration.
The objectives were to evaluate the development status of national infrastructure issues, clarify the gaps and assist in developing action plan to fill in the gaps.
The processes were • Review of self-evaluation of the status of national nuclear
infrastructure development of Thailand • Interviews for each issue and condition
o Main points (for IAEA team) from self-evaluation o Complementary information provided by Thailand o Questions/requests from INIR team
• Identification of gaps • Key findings/Recommendations/Suggestions
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Most frequently asked questions (FAQ) can be combined
into 4 major groups:
necessity of having nuclear
power plant in thailand
Economic benefit of having
nuclear power plant in Thailand
Readiness of having nuclear
power plant in Thailand
Public Acceptance
safety Carelessness Corruption
Other alternative or
renewable energy sources
Costly
construction Fuel cost
Fear of
explosion/
Radiation
Anxiety
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Summary of Finding from Seminars in 2008
Topics FAQ
NIMBY*
* NIMBY = not in my back yard
Sub-committee on Public Communication and Public Acceptance
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3 areas of major gaps identified in phase 1, need to take some actions to fill in the gaps National Position: no clear gov. statement commitment to 3S. Nuclear safety:
Law and regulation including international instruments. Independent of Reg. Prime responsibility rest on operator/appointment of
leadership.
HRDP of Reg. is lack of detailed for Milestone 1.
Observations from INIR
Current actions
• Drafting new comprehensive law
• Developing Human Resource Development Plan
• Upgrading Quality Management in nuclear safety
• Expanding radiation monitoring stations in the country
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Drafting Comprehensive Nuclear Act
• Implementing comment from 1st review from IAEA.
• Implementing Model Law Handbook to the draft to cover NPP and to comply with necessary international legal instruments to fill the gap; – Composition of Board member
– Independent regulatory body
– Establish authorization process
– Preparation to be party of intl. instrumentations
• Regulations and guides for NPP.
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Human Development Plan
• OAP draft a detailed human development plan. – Request the IAEA and US-NRC to review.
• Preparation for the expanding responsibilities that come with the NPP program. – Training needs for current staff.
– Recruiting plan.
– Outsource.
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Approaches
Development of regulatory body
capability
Improvement of current staff
competency through trainings, workshops
and on the job trainings
Manpower recruitment
Quality Management in Nuclear Safety
• Bureau of Nuclear Safety Regulation has integrated GSR-3 and ISO 9001.
• Quality assurance program was set up and implemented to ensure a quality in nuclear regulation.
• BNSR is ISO 9001 certified.
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Expansion of Environmental Radiation Monitoring Stations
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5 new stations
including 2
seawater
monitoring stations
Post Fukushima Accident result in revision of PDP 2010 rev. 3
Revised 3 PDP 2010 (June 2012)
2 x 1000 MW (approx. 5% Generation), First unit planned for commercial operation in 2026.
Increase renewable energy and clean coal energy.
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Post Fukushima Accident
Cooperation with regulatory in well developed country.
Close connection with ANSN, FNCA and etc. Law and regulation focus on:
– Site selection, evaluation and criteria. – Safety design feature and beyond design basis accident. – Design change. – Liability. – Emergency Preparedness and response.
• Full scope exercise for RR will be conduct in 2013
– Independent of Regulatory org. – New standards and requirements.
Public Involvement
Public communication, education and participation.
Provide accurate information about nuclear energy. - Publications
– Mass media
– Exhibitions
– Seminars
– Nuclear tours
– Youth camps
OAP presents both advantages and disadvantages to the public.
The public can then makes an informed decision on nuclear energy.
33 Nuclear safety is our priority.
Conclusion
• Comprehensive law underway. – This will solve many problems including the
major gaps identified by INIR Mission
• Waiting for the government decision. – Chicken and egg problem
• OAP cannot fully move forward on many preparation projects unless the government confirms its decision but still to maintain present status.
• Public acceptance, the crucial factor.
Nuclear Safety Is Our Priority. 34
Conclusion
• Utility still keeps studying NPP technology and site selection process.
• OAP is committed to perpetually improve upon existing laws and requirements and to procure competent personnel to effectively accommodate the national nuclear development plan in the future.
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