nsf wireless cities workshop february 2-3, 2016 5g ...5g fundamentals and systems design nsf...
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5G fundamentals and systems design
NSF Wireless Cities Workshop
February 2-3, 2016
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Vincent D. Park
Senior Director, Engineering
Mobile has made a leap every ~10 years
D-AMPS, GSM,
IS-95 (CDMA)LTE,
LTE Advanced
WCDMA/HSPA+,
CDMA2000/EV-DO
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AMPS, NMT, TACS
5G will enhance existing and expand to new use cases
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Wide Area Internet of ThingsMore efficient, lower cost communications
with deeper coverage
Enhanced Mobile BroadbandFaster, more uniform user experiences
Higher-Reliability ControlLower latency and higher reliability
Smart homes/buildings/cities
Autonomous vehicles, object tracking
Remote control & process automation, e.g. aviation, robotics
Infrastructure monitoring & control, e.g. Smart Grid
Mobile broadband, e.g. UHD virtual reality
Demanding indoor/outdoor conditions, e.g. venues
New form factors, e.g. wearables and sensors
Proposed 5G standardization for 2020 launch
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R15 5G work items
5G study items
4G evolution—LTE will evolve in parallel with 5G
R17+5G evolution
5Gphase 2
R16 5G work Items
First 5Glaunch1
Note: Estimated commercial dates; 1 Forward compatibility with R16 and beyond
3GPP RAN workshop
Enhanced mobile broadbandUshering in the next era of immersive experiences and hyper-connectivity
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UHD video streaming
Broadband ‘fiber’ to the home Virtual realityDemanding conditions, e.g. venues
Tactile Internet3D/UHD video telepresence
Higher throughputmulti-gigabits per second
Lower latencySignificantly reduced e2e latency
Uniform experience with much more capacity
Wide area Internet of ThingsOptimizing toward the goal to connect anything, anywhere
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Power efficientMulti-year battery life
Lower complexityLower device and network cost
Longer rangeDeeper coverage
Utility meteringSmart homesSmart cities
Remote sensors / Actuators Object trackingWearables / Fitness
Higher reliability controlEnabling new services with more reliable, lower latency communication links
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Higher reliabilitySignificantly reduced packet loss rate
Lower latencySignificantly reduced e2e latency
Higher availabilityMultiple links for failure tolerance and mobility
Energy / Smart grid
Aviation MedicalIndustrial automation
RoboticsAutonomous vehicles
Scalable across a broad variation of requirements
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Wide area
Internet of Things
Higher-reliability
control
Enhanced
mobile broadband
Deeper coverageTo reach challenging locations
Lower energy10+ years of battery life
Lower complexity10s of bits per second
Higher density1 million nodes per Km2
Enhanced capacity10 Tbps per Km2
Enhanced data ratesMulti-Gigabits per second
Better awarenessDiscovery and optimization
Frequent user mobilityOr no mobility at all
Lower latencyAs low as 1 millisecond
Higher reliability<1 out of 100 million packets lost
Stronger securitye.g. Health / government / financial trusted
Based on target requirements for the envisioned 5G use cases
Natively incorporate advanced wireless technologiesMany technology enablers to meet 5G requirements and services
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Massive MIMO
Coordinated Spatial Techniques
Advanced Receivers
Beamforming
Integrated access and backhaul
mmWave
Across diverse spectrum bands
and types
Multicast
V2X
Full Self-Configuration
Hyper dense deployments
Multi-hop & D2D communications
Low latency & more-reliable communication
More energy efficient, lower
cost IoT communications
Natively incorporate advanced wireless technologiesKey 5G design elements across services
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Wide-Area Internet of ThingsMore efficient, lower cost communications
Higher-Reliability ControlLower latency and more reliable links
Unified Air Interface
Enhanced Mobile BroadbandFaster, more uniform user experiences
• Scalable to wider bandwidths
• Designed for diverse spectrum types
• Massive MIMO
• More robust mmWave design
• Improved network/signaling efficiency
• Native HetNets & multicast support
• Opportunistic carrier/link aggregation
• Lower complexity, narrower bandwidth
• Lower energy waveform
• Optimized link budget
• Decreased overheads
• Managed multi-hop mesh
• Lower latency bounded delay
• Optimized PHY/pilot/HARQ
• Multiplexing with nominal
• Simultaneous, redundant links
• Grant-free transmissions
A new 5G unified air interface is the foundation
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FDD, TDD, half duplex
Licensed, shared licensed, and unlicensed spectrum
Spectrum bands below 1 GHz, 1 GHz to 6 GHz, & above 6 GHz
(incl. mmWave)
Device-to-device, mesh, relay network topologies
From wideband multi-Gbps tonarrowband 10s of bits per second
Efficient multiplexing of higher-reliability and nominal traffic
From high user mobility to no mobility at all
From wide area macro to indoor / outdoor hotspots
Diverse spectrum Diverse services and devices
Diverse deployments
Unified air interface
Diverse spectrum types and bandsFrom narrowband to ultra-wideband, TDD & FDD
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Licensed SpectrumCleared spectrum
EXCLUSIVE USE
Unlicensed SpectrumMultiple technologies
SHARED USE
Shared Licensed SpectrumComplementary licensing
SHARED EXCLUSIVE USE
Below 1 GHz: longer range, massive number of things
Below 6 GHz: mobile broadband, higher reliability services
Above 6 GHz including mmWave: for both access and backhaul, shorter range
Realizing the mmWave opportunity for mobile broadband
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Smart beamforming & beam tracking
Increase coverage and
minimize interference
Solutions
mmWave
sub6Ghz
Tighter interworking with sub 6 GHz
Increase robustness and
faster system acquisition
Phase noise mitigation in RF components
For lower cost, lower
power devices
The enhanced mobile broadband opportunity The challenge—‘mobilizing’ mmWave
• Large bandwidths, e.g. 100s of MHz
• Multi-Gbps data rates
• Flex deployments (integrated access/backhaul)
• Higher capacity with dense spatial reuse
• Robustness results from high path loss and
susceptibility to blockage
• Device cost/power and RF challenges
at mmWave frequencies
Delivering a flexible 5G network architecture
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Configurable end-to-end connectivity With network and service slicing1
Modular, specialized functionsNot to burden other network services
Dynamic creation of services Such as dynamic MVNO or tailored verticals
Flexible subscription models Such as one subscription for multiple devices
Multi-access core networkContinue to evolve 4G LTE and Wi-Fi access
Dynamic control and user planesSuch as mobility on demand and functions at edge
1 Leveraging Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Networking (SDN)
Wide to local
area deployments
Diverse services
& devices
New business &
subscription models
Multi-connectivity across bands & technologies4G+5G multi-connectivity improves coverage and mobility
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Rural area
4G+5G
Sub-urban area4G+5G
Leverage 4G investments to enable phased 5G rollout
4G & 5G
small cell coverage
Macro5G carrier aggregation with
integrated MAC across
sub-6GHz & above 6GHz
Smallcell
multimode device
Simultaneous connectivityacross 5G, 4G and Wi-Fi
Urban area
4G & 5G macro coverage
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Device-to-device discovery and communications
Integrated access and backhaul, relays
Multi-hop to extend coverage Vehicle-to-vehicle/infrastructure
communications
Expanding multi-connectivity across devices, relaysDevices much more than end-points—integral parts of network
Utilizing and expanding upon today’s technologies, e..g. LTE Direct, LTE Relays
Support for multi-hop mesh with WAN management
Direct access
on licensed
spectrum
1 Greater range and efficiency when using licensed spectrum, e.g. protected reference signals . Network time synchronization improves peer-to-peer efficiency
Problem: uplink coverage Due to low power devices and challenging placements, e.g. in basement
Solution: managed uplink mesh Uplink data relayed via nearby devices—uplink mesh but direct downlink.
Mesh on unlicensed or partitioned
with uplink licensed spectrum1
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5G Architecture – U-plane requirements and architecture
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Support both session (IP address) continuity and local connectivity without continuity
− Continuity on demand depending on active services/applications and context
Support access to operator services in home PLMN or when roaming
Support offload of traffic not requiring operator services or session continuity at the L-GW
− Many applications already do not require session continuity or access to operator services
Support multi-connectivity to the 4G RAN and Wi-Fi
− Including bearer aggregation
− Based on a multi-access core network and a single “RRM framework” within the operator network
Consider a more IP-oriented approach and cloud technologies to reduce deployment costs
Incorporate Content Delivery Networks (CDN) to provide better user experience and new
services
AN
S-GW
H-GW
L-GW
V-GW
Device
5G Architecture – C-Plane requirements and architecture
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Support same or better level of security than EPS
− Cater for different strata ownership models
Support idle mode, i.e., an MME, to enable efficient connection establishment signaling
− Stateful and stateless connection management
Support a more flexible C-plane deployment at the core or the edge
− Session Key Management Function (SKMF) to enable a less trusted MME closer to edge
Support a wide variety of devices and applications, i.e., expansion into new verticals
− Based on separate (virtual) MME instances, optimized for different types of services
Support separate credentials to enable each service (e.g., Facebook, Google, Netflix)
− Based on ability to support multiple separate credentials simultaneously
New QoE model instead of dedicated bearer management functionality
− Enable per application QoE management
SF
SF
AN
HSS
L-MME
SFSKMF
MME
Device
5G Architecture – C-plane and U-plane separation
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MME GW-UGW-C
OpenflowS11’
4G U-plane and C-plane are separated only from the UE perspective
− NAS C-plane terminates in MME
− IP U-plane terminates in PGW via SGW
EPC U-plane elements include significant C-plane signaling
− E.g., PGW and SGW support GTP-C to manage the PDN connection
5G supports further separation between C-plane and U-plane
− Split of GW into separate C-plane and U-plane elements
− Interface to U-plane based on Software Defined Networking (SDN)
5G Architecture – Support across multiple RATs
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5G will support multi-connectivity to the 4G RAN and Wi-Fi
5G multi-access CN platform
− Single CN to support multiple simultaneous RATs and services
− Leverage legacy operator RAN networks for capacity and coverage
− End-to-end improved performance of 5G CN for 4G RAN
Multi-RAT access nodes (MR-AN)
− Presents a single interface towards 5G core
− Includes one or more cells for each RAT (LTE, 5G, WiFi)
− Common OAM across RATs
− Includes interfaces for legacy UEs to connect to 4G core (not shown)
WLAN AP
L-MME
5G AN
L-GW
LTE eNB
MME S-GW
5G Architecture – Network and service slicing
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eMBB VSN MTC VSN
MME P/S-GW
Other VSN
MME P/S-GW
Network slices:
Separate Virtual
Serving Networks
Service slices:
Common EMM
Separate ESM WLAN AP
L-MME
5G AN
L-GW
LTE eNB
SME P/S-GW
HSS/AAA1
SME P/S-GW
HSS/AAA1
SME P/S-GW
HSS/AAA1MNO
H-MME
MNO
Service Manager
Service Manager
Service provider 1
Service provider 2
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