nsf/mcmurdo ground station science workshop, columbus oh, march 9-11, 2004
DESCRIPTION
Formation of pancake ice in a wave field Hayley Shen, Stephen Ackley Clarkson University and Mark Hopkins USACRREL. NSF OPP-9814968. NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004. Pancake size Rafting thickness Early ice cover development - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Formation of pancake ice in a wave field
Hayley Shen, Stephen AckleyClarkson University
andMark HopkinsUSACRREL
NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004
NSF OPP-9814968
![Page 2: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• Pancake size• Rafting thickness• Early ice cover development• Heat transfer between air/ice
![Page 3: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Result #1
Pancake Size
![Page 4: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
63s 55e October, 1hr from sunrise or sunset,floe size 30-50cm, from Australian Antarctic Division
![Page 5: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
How to determine limit size?
ALD
2
max
2/12
max
ALD
Bending failure mode:
Tensile failure mode:
Shen, Ackley, Hopkins 2001
![Page 6: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
2
31max 1
K
iceAgK
LD
)59.0,18.0(
)75.11,37.0(
2
1
K
K95% confidence interval
![Page 7: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
CRREL-2001winter, summer, 2003 summer
![Page 8: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
2
31max 1
K
iceAgK
LD
)59.0,18.0(
)75.11,37.0(
2
1
K
K95% confidence interval
Example: 100m wave of 5m amplitude yields 0.9m diameter pancakes.
![Page 10: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
y = 0.0668x0.5434
R2 = 0.81
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0.00E+00 3.00E+04 6.00E+04 9.00E+04 1.20E+05 1.50E+05
L2/A (cm)
Dia
met
er (c
m)
CrrelError bar
y = 0.4193x0.358
R2 = 0.8618
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0.E+00 3.E+04 6.E+04 9.E+04 1.E+05 2.E+05
L2/A (cm)
Dia
met
er (c
m)
HSVA
Error bar
![Page 11: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
HSVA-2002winter
Pancake ice formation
However….
![Page 12: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Result #2
Equilibrium Ice Thickness from Wave Rafting
![Page 14: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
DDAShh
SDKh
DAKh
2' , 2,2'
, )'(''
2
3
22
Non-dimensional result
Dai, Shen, Ackley 2004
![Page 16: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8-1.6
-1.4
-1.2
-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
Lower 95% Confidence Limit
Log(
h')
Log(S*D')
Upper 95% Confidence Limit
Fitted Line, Slope=2.07179
Wave Tank Experiment Results
4
2)2(' ,2'
ADSDhh
![Page 17: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Computer Simulation
![Page 19: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Computer Simulation (no friction)
![Page 20: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Computer Simulation (friction)
![Page 21: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Result #3
Early Ice Cover Establishment due to Wave Rafting
![Page 22: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Some old models results
Hibler and Ackley 1983
![Page 23: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Geiger 1997
![Page 24: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Effects of h0 on Ice Cover Development (Earlier Appearance)
Dai, Shen, Ackley 2004, in preparation
![Page 25: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Effects of Initial Ice Thickness on Ice Cover Development
![Page 26: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Result #4
Air/Ice Heat Transfer in a Wave Field
![Page 27: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Problem Definition
W
H
Ice
Water
Qia
cQ
bQ
1wQ 2wQ
Air
![Page 28: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
ExperimentsExperiments
![Page 29: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Results
• Calm water cases• Wave cases• The standard deviation for wave cases is high,
suggesting that heat transfer coefficient may depend on wave parameters
• Enhanced turbulence, increased surface area, and a thin boundary layer above water/ice may be the reasons
)/(26.436.12 2mWhia
)/(32.1055.26 2mWhia
Dai, Shen, Ackley, 2004, in preparation
![Page 30: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
• Pancake ice size can be predicted from waves• Rafting thickness can also be predicted• Rafting thickness is important in early ice cover
development• Waves may greatly increase the thermodynamic
growth of ice• Waves may not always result in pancakes, the
critical condition has not been identified
We have found:
![Page 31: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Next Steps
• Heat transfer between air/ice in a wave field• The critical condition for pancake formation• Incorporating Wave Effects into short and
long term climate models
![Page 32: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
We need…..
Accurate weather dataAccurate hydrographical data
![Page 33: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Why?
![Page 34: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Longitude
Latit
ude
-27
-27
-24
-24
-21
-21
-21
-21
-18
-15
-18
-18
-18
-15
-15
-15
-15
-15
-12
-9
-12
-12
-12
-12-9
-9
-9
-6
-6-6
-6
-3
-3
-3
00
135 140 150 16044
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
Longitude
Latit
ude
-33-30
-27
-27
-24
-24
-21
-21
-21
-18
-18
-18
-18
-18
-15
-15
-15
-15
-12
-12
-12
-12
-9-9
-9
-9
-6
-6-6
-6
-3
-3
-3
0
0
44135 140 150 160
60
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
Temperature of Dec. 30, 1993. Left panel is from NCEP real-time data, right from NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data
(Wang, Shen, and Shen, Okhotsk Sea Conference, 2000)
![Page 35: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Temperature difference between NCEP real-time and reanalysis data for 92-93 winter.
50 100 150 200Number of days from Nov. 1st, 1992
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
Tem
pera
ture
diffe
renc
e(c
)
![Page 36: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Longitude
0.05
0.050.05
0.15
0.15
0.25
0.25
0.35
0 .35
0.3 5
0.35
0.4 5
0.45
0.45
0.55
0.65
Latit
ude
135 140 145 150 15544
49
54
59
Ice concentration. Date: March 5, 1993. Input data: NCEP real-time.
Longitude
0.0 5
0 .05
0.150.25
0.45
0 .5 5
0.650.75
0.75
Latit
ude
135 140 145 150 15544
49
54
59
Ice concentration. Date: March 5, 1993. Input data: NCEP Reanalysis.
![Page 37: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Observed buoy trajectories and simulated ice floe trajectories in the winter of 1993-94.
![Page 38: NSF/McMurdo Ground Station Science Workshop, Columbus OH, March 9-11, 2004](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070502/56814a22550346895db74be5/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
A lot of work to be done!Collaborations!