ntc 360 week 5 huffman team d

8/12/2019 NTC 360 Week 5 Huffman Team D

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Network Infrastructure 1

Running header: NETWORK INFRASTRUTURE

Network Infrastructure U!grading and the ase of "uff#an Trucking

$e%ta &'(: )a#es *Wi%%+ ,ason- .au% /ro!%eh II- $etricia oardes-

A%e0ander Rodrigue- and ,iche%%e Wa%ker

Uni2ersit3 of .hoeni0

NT &'(

Ste!hen O#og4ehin

Fe4ruar3 5&- 5((6


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Introduction to "uff#an Trucking

"uff#an Trucking is a trans!ortation co#!an3- o!erating at 7 sites nationwide8 1-7((

e#!%o3ees work at the hu4s- which are %ocated in /a3onne- N)- 9os Ange%es- A- and St8 9ouis-

,O in addition- the cor!orate office and centra% #aintenance faci%it3 for ;(( road tractors e0ists

in %e2e%and- O"8 K8 "uff#an- a nati2e of %e2e%and- O"- started "uff#an Trucking in 1


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Network Infrastructure &

to!o%ogies- and securit3 #easures- inc%uding the ad2antages and disad2antages of each and the

reco##endations for the u!dating of the !rotoco%s on the "uff#an enter!rise8

The I#!ortance of Network .rotoco%s

.rotoco%s define the standards for co##unication 4etween network de2icesB *$ean-

5(((- !8 '&+8 .rotoco%s go2ern how networks co##unicate without the use of !rotoco%s- data

cou%d not tra2erse a network 4ecause it wou%d not know where to go or how to get to its

destination8 The #ost co##on%3 used !rotoco%s inc%ude T.CI. and I.DCS.D other t3!es of

!rotoco%s inc%ude Net/IOS Enhance User Interface *Net/EUI+ and A!!%eTa%k8 Network securit3

de!ends on the !ro!er usage of !rotoco%s within the network structure8 A!!%ications and

hardware de!end u!on the OSI ,ode% and the !rotoco%s i#!%e#ented at each %a3er to !ro!er%3

trans!ort data across the network8

Identifying Protocols

"uff#an Trucking is using I.DCS.D !rotoco%s 4ecause it has No2e%%@s Netware network

o!erating s3ste# 7811 at its ,issouri and Ohio offices8 These !rotoco%s are su!!orted 43 No2e%%8

It is a%so using A!!%eTa%k at its Ohio and ,issouri offices 4ecause the ,arketing $e!art#ents

ha2e se2en ,A workstations !erfor#ing gra!hics and design work8 The a%ifornia *office

!%ant+- New )erse3 *office+- Ohio *!%ant+- and ,issouri *!%ant+ %ocations are running T.CI.8

A!!%e Ta%k is a !ro!rietar3 !rotoco% suite that was de2e%o!ed 43 A!!%e or!oration8 $ata is

#o2ed as a datagra# and !articu%ar !rotoco%s use !articu%ar datagra# structures8 Trans#ission

ontro% .rotoco% *T.+ is one of the core !rotoco%s of the Internet !rotoco% suite- often referred

to as T.CI.8 Using T.- a!!%ications on networked hosts can create connections to one another-

o2er which the3 can e0change strea#s of data8 I. is a data=oriented !rotoco% used for

co##unicating data across a !acket=switched network8 It is a Network %a3er !rotoco% and is


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enca!su%ated in a $ata 9ink %a3er !rotoco%8 I.D !rotoco% !erfor#s networking addressing and

network routing at the Network 9a3er8 S.D !rotoco% !ro2ides connection=oriented !acket

de%i2er3 at the Trans!ort 9a3er8

Rationale for the Adoption of Existing Protocols

"uff#an Trucking o#!an3@s rationa%iation for the use of its network !rotoco%s

T.CI.- I.DCS.D- and A!!%eTa%k wou%d !ro4a4%3 4e the a!!%ications and o!erating s3ste#s that

are 4eing run on its s3ste#s8 These network !rotoco%s wou%d a%so 4e suita4%e 4ecause the

addresses of the different de2ices- such as routers- co#!uters- ti#e=ser2ers- !rinters- Internet fa0

#achines- and so#e te%e!hones wi%% ha2e to 4e read8

TCP/IP

The "uff#an Trucking o#!an3 is using T.CI. at those s!ecified %ocations 4ecause of

the ad2antages that these !rotoco%s offer8 T.CI. is routa4%e and su!!orts ust a4out a%% #odern

o!erating s3ste#s8 T.CI. is used as a traffic contro%%er for %arge !ri2ate networks8 Shou%d

"uff#an decide to e0!and- these !rotoco%s wou%d 4e idea% for the !ur!ose8 T.CI. connects

dissi#i%ar s3ste#s this is a needed ad2antage for "uff#an 4ecause it has different t3!es of

s3ste#s8 T.CI. !ro2ides a ro4ust- sca%ea4%e- and cross=!%atfor# c%ientCser2er fra#ework8

"owe2er- T.CI. is cost%3 and has undesira4%e sharing and 4eha2ior8 Securit3 concerns a%so

occur in a T.CI. network8 T.CI. is cost%3 and has undesira4%e sharing and 4eha2ior8 There are

a%so so#e securit3 concerns8 According to Feinstein *1


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Network Infrastructure G

IPX/SPX

I.DCS.D is fast- high%3 esta4%ished and works with T.CI.8 These !rotoco%s ena4%e fi%e

and !rinter sharing on Window o!erating s3ste#s8 One ad2antage to using I.DCS.D is that

nodes are auto#atica%%3 configured on the network- as o!!osed to an ad#inistrator ha2ing to

configure at %east one I. node on a T.CI. network *$oering and Si#!son- 5((1- !8 1&5+8 One of

the reasons "uff#an is using the# is 4ecause the3 are good for s#a%% to #ediu# networks8

I.DCS.D is not designed for enter!rise en2iron#ent and has no standardiation of network

nu#4ers8 In #u%ti!rotoco% networks running 4oth T.CI. and I.DCS.D- Netware 9oada4%e

,odu%es #ust 4e i#!%e#ented for the network to co##unicate with T.CI. !ackets *!8 1&1+8

Netware networks running I.DCS.D a%so re%3 hea2i%3 on 4roadcast traffic for ser2ice ad2ertising-

router %ocation- and network condition u!dates8

Appletalk

Origina%%3 de2e%o!ed 43 A!!%e to run on ,acintosh workstations- A!!%eta%k uses !eer=to=

!eer networking to oin .s together on a network8 A!!%eTa%k was de2e%o!ed after the creation

of the OSI #ode%- so its %a3ers coordinate with the %a3ers of the OSI #ode% to effecti2e%3 route

network traffic8 An ad2antage of using A!!%eTa%k is in the use of ones and the fact that an

A!!%eTa%k Hone is not restricted in na#ing con2ention- un%ike T.CI. and I.DCS.D8 A

disad2antage of the !rotoco% is A!!%eTa%k is not suited for %arge- internetwork en2iron#ents8

NetBEI

,icrosoft ac?uired Net/IOS fro# I/, and incor!orated it in its Windows for

Workgrou!s- Windows


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Network Infrastructure '

*$ean- 5(((- !8 ;5+8 "owe2er- Net/EUI can on%3 su!!ort 5G7 connections and is not a routa4%e

!rotoco%- 4ecause of the %ack of a Network %a3er8

Network to!o%ogies of "uff#an Trucking

When i#!%e#enting a network- a !erson #ust understand where a%% of the co#!onents

are !%aced in the !ro!osed network8 Understanding the to!o%og3- or %a3out of the network- is

i#!ortant in !ro2iding a so%id network 4ase8 A to!o%og3 is defined- according to To#sho- et a%-

*5((7+- as the 4asic !h3sica% %a3out of a networkB *!8 '1


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the !ro!er node8 "u4s on%3 strengthen the signa% and #o2e the signa% onto the rest of the

network8 The disad2antages of using a 4us to!o%og3 are 1+ hea23 traffic negati2e%3 i#!acts

network through!ut- 5+ a !ro4%e# with an3 ca4%e ha%ts network traffic- and &+ !ro4%e#s on the

network are often difficu%t to iso%ate8 The hu4 to!o%og3 is one of the o%dest and #ost re%ia4%e- 3et

the to!o%og3 is not idea% for a 4us3 networking en2iron#ent8

Ring topology

The ne0t network to!o%og3- of which the entire %e2e%and network *office and !%ant+ and

the entire St8 9ouis network *office and !%ant+ use- is the ring to!o%og38 The ad2antages of the

ring to!o%og3 inc%ude the fact that e?ua% access is a2ai%a4%e to a%% nodes and stead3 network

!erfor#ance8 The disad2antages outweigh the 4enefits and inc%ude: 1+ network outage caused 43

sing%e co#!uter- 5+ difficu%t3 iso%ating network !ro4%e#s- and &+ adding and re#o2ing

co#!uters disru!ts network o!erations8

Star topology

The need for the centra%iation of network infor#ation on ser2ers %ed to the ad2ent of the

star to!o%og38 %ient=ser2er architectures 4enefit #ost fro# this t3!e of to!o%og3 4ecause of the

centra%iation of network resources8 The star to!o%og3 is the #ost !o!u%ar 4ecause it is eas3 to

add new co#!uters or #odif3 the networkB *To#sho- et a%- 5((7- !8 '1+8 In addition- network

#onitoring and #anage#ent 4enefits fro# the centra%iation of network resources8 Fina%%3- a

network outage is not caused 43 the fai%ure of a sing%e co#!uter or ca4%e on the network8

I#!%e#enting a star to!o%og3 re?uires #ore ca4%e #ore ca4%e e?ua%s #ore cost in

u!grading the network8 The centra%iation of resources is a%so a disad2antage 4ecause- if a hu4 or

switch fai%s- the entire network fai%s8


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Network Infrastructure ;

Network Securit3: E0a#ining !ro4%e#s and offering so%utions

Network securit3 is #ore i#!ortant toda3 than at an3 ti#e !re2ious%3 networks #o2e

%arger a#ounts of data *often secure date+- hackers can gain access 43 2arious #eans- and e2en

e#!%o3ees can co#!ro#ise the o2era%% securit3 of the network8 A co#!an3 can tighten its

o2era%% securit3 43 ensuring that a%% cor!orate offices and !%ants !ossess the sa#e t3!e of

networking !rotoco%s- network o!erating s3ste# *NOS+- ca4%ing- and network e?ui!#ent8

"uff#an needs to e0a#ine the current state of its networks *4oth offices and !%ants+- identif3

securit3 needs- ad2antages and disad2antages of 2arious securit3 a!!roaches- and reco##end

the o!ti#a% co#4ination of ca4%ing- NOS- !rotoco%s- and network e?ui!#ent8

The c!rrent state of "!ff#an Tr!cking$s net%ork

The current state of the network at "uff#an Trucking is a #is#atched arra3 of NOS-

!rotoco%s- ca4%ing- and networking e?ui!#ent8 A%% sites use different ca4%ing- to!o%ogies- and

o!erating s3ste#s this can cause !ro4%e#s with securit3 4ecause of the %ack of si#i%arit38

Another !ro4%e# e0isting at a%% sites is the %ack of a !h3sica% firewa%%8 The networks of "uff#an

Trucking contain no consistenc38 On%3 two of the sites contain Norton Anti=2irus Software- so#e

contain at & ca4%ing whi%e others contain at G ca4%ing- o%d NOS are used at #ore than ha%f of

the sites- and the !rotoco%s 2ar3 fro# No2e%%@s I.DCS.D !rotoco% to the standard T.CI.8 So#e

of the networks do not ha2e firewa%%s to kee! out hackers- whi%e others contain either du#4

ter#ina%s or W3se ter#ina%s *s#art ter#ina%s+8 The inconsistenc3 in a%% of the a4o2e areas wi%%

%ead to network 4reak=ins and infi%trations 43 the outside wor%d8 The on%3 network that contains a

#easure of safet3 is the 9os Ange%es !%ant the reason wh3 is the i#!%e#entation of the Star

To!o%og3- use of routers containing 4ui%t=in firewa%%s- and Windows 5((( Ser2er as its NOS8 The


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Network Infrastructure 4!s through!ut is achie2ed on cor!orate networks8 Windows D. .rofessiona% a%so !ro2ides

2arious %e2e%s of securit3 to co#!%e#ent the use of Windows 5((( or 5((& Ser2er8 "owe2er-

with the ad2antages of u!grading the network are the disad2antages of uti%iing certain features8


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The disad)antages of sec!rity feat!res

Network ad#inistrators find nu#erous reasons to i#!%e#ent #an3 securit3 features on

their networks howe2er- disad2antages to certain features that shou%d increase securit3 !ossess

disad2antages8 ,an3 !oints on a network e0ist that #a3 4e co#!ro#ised 43 an interna% threat or

a hacker8 The network wou%d 4e unusa4%e if the ser2er fai%ed- es!ecia%%3 when the ser2er is the

centra% node in the Star to!o%og38 An increase in e0!enses is incurred through the use of

co#!%e0- s!ecia%=!ur!ose ser2er software8 at '- whi%e !ro2iding the 4est shie%ding fro# outside

e%ectro#agnetic interference- is not i##une fro# so#eone !h3sica%%3 !atching into the ca4%ing

the on%3 t3!e of ca4%e that is tota%%3 secure is fi4er=o!tic ca4%ing8 Windows o!erating s3ste#s are

not co#!%ete%3 i##une fro# securit3 threats 4ecause hackers can e0!%oit !ro4%e#s within

Windows code to i%%ega%%3 access .s and !ossi4%3 ser2ers8 .ro4%e#s with ser2er=4ased

networks are a neg%igi4%e risk- as ser2er=4ased networks are #ore secure than !eer=to=!eer

networks8 A%so- the t3!e of ca4%ing !ro2ides securit3 fro# e%ectro#agnetic interference *E,I+-

and the !rotoco%s a%so !ro2ide a #easure of securit3 at a%% %e2e%s of the OSI ,ode%8

Reco##endations for the network at "uff#an Trucking

U!grading each site@s Internet u!%ink to a fu%%3 functiona% T=1 %ine is the first ste!- if the

site has not a%read3 con2erted to this t3!e of connection8 The 4andwidth of a T=1 %ine wi%%

!ro2ide continuous co##unication 4etween sites- as we%% as the tracking s3ste# and its

re%ationa% data4ases8 A SUJ$SU #ode# wi%% con2ert the ana%og T=1 %ines into a digita% %ine for

the Firewa%%8 A isco .i0 firewa%% wi%% 4e !%aced at the 4order of each site to !rotect it against

an3 unauthoried users or unwanted traffic8 Two se!arate network interface cards *NIs+ on the

.i0 wi%% connect to two isco &65G routers8 The new 4ack4one has 4een designed to !ro2ide

#a0i#u# u!ti#e for the organiation 43 !ro2iding due% !aths for data to take8 These two


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routers wi%% 4e interconnected- and using a hot stand43 routing !rotoco% *"SR.+8 "SR. a%%ows

one of those routers to 4e %a4e%ed as the !ri#ar3 and the other a secondar38 The !ri#ar3 hand%es

a%% traffic unti% *for an3 reason+ it goes down8 In that situation- the secondar3 *which is

constant%3 !u%%ing a current configuration fi%e fro# the !ri#ar3+ wou%d rea%ie that the !ri#ar3 is

down- %oad the !ri#ar3 ser2er@s configuration *I. addresses and a%%+ and 4egin !assing traffic-

%ea2ing %itt%e or no downti#e8 At this !oint the infrastructure 4reaks into two directions8 The

first is a due% *fu%%3 redundant+ !ath to user workstations- !rinters- I. !hones- U.CRFI$

Trans!onders- etc8 This !ath interconnects two isco 7; !ort 5


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Network Infrastructure 1&

and is co##on%3 the !rotoco% of choice for 9ANs8 onfiguration is e0tensi2e 4ut can 4e offset

43 the use of ,icrosoft network o!erating s3ste#s- such as Ser2er 5(((C5((& and D.

.rofessiona%8 With the e0tensi2e research into the 2arious to!o%ogies- $e%ta &'( reco##ends the

transition of the different sites o2er to the star to!o%og38 The addition of #ore network nodes wi%%

not disru!t the network and #aintenance is si#!%e8 Fau%t to%erance is !%aced on such a to!o%og3-

to ensure that the nodes are !ro!er%3 routed in the case of an outage8 In addition- one of the sites

a%read3 i#!%e#ents the star to!o%og3- which #akes u!grades as eas3 as re!%acing ca4%ing and

re!%acing hu4s with switches and routers8

Figure 1-1: New backbone and network infrastructure for each site of Huffman Trucking.


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References

$ean- T8 *5(((+8Net%ork* +!ide to Net%orks, /oston: ourse Techno%og38

$oering- $8 Si#!son- T8 *5((1+8No)ell Net%are -,./-,0 Net%ork Ad#inistration *Enhanced

Edition+8 /oston: ourse Techno%og38

Feinstein- A8 *1

ntc 360 week 5 huffman team d

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