Nuclear Energy Wastes

What ways can we reduce the wastes produced in the reactor core.

How can uranium be separated from Plutonium?

AIM:• Storage of Nuclear Wastes• To Reduce wastes of radioactive contamination.• To create and design a suitable waste Storage.

Potential Problem

Cost of constructionStorage facilities

Nuclear Wastes are produced in many different ways: Wastes created as a result of radioactive contamination Wastes produced as a by product of uranium enrichment.• Radioactive Isotopes with long half lives tend to be alpha

and beta emitters.

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Mechanism

Plutonium

n+ 238U 239U 239Np+ e- + Ve-

239Np 239Pu + e- +Ve-

Uranium Metal

2U + 3H2 2UH3

Types of storage

Deep geological storage

Cost of construction is 40

million dollars

Potential Storage areas in Nigeria

Obudu, but its already used for tourist center

Chappal Waddi in Taraba State

Country Facility name Location Geology Depth Status

Belgium

HADES Underground Research Facility

Mol Plastic clay 223 m

in operation 1982

Canada

AECL Underground Research Laboratory

Pinawa Granite 420 m 1990-2006[

Japan

Horonobe Underground Research Lab

HoronobeSedimentary rock

500 munder construction[8]

Japan

Mizunami Underground Research Lab

Mizunami Granite 1000 munder construction[

Dry Cask StorageDry cask storage is a method of storing high-level radioactive, such as spent nuclear fuel that has already been cooled in the spent fuel pool for at least one year. When inside, the fuel rods are surrounded by gases.. Each cylinder is surrounded by additional steel, concrete, to provide radiation shielding to workers and members of the public. Some of the cask designs can be used for both storage and transportation. Companies Holtec Intl, NAC Intl. and Areva.

Cost 25 million dollars for two hundred Cylinders

• Materials Needed:• A container, stabilizer, casing, a concrete wall,

water storage tanker, a coolant, noble gases, Geological Location, a rotational walker and few human labors.

•  • The outer structure diagram will have a

container, stabilizer, casing and additional concrete, while the inner basement structure will have a concrete wall, water storage tanker, a coolant, noble gases, rotational walker e.t.c.

• The container will contain the noble gases.• The stabilizer: fillers material to improve

physical and chemical stability of the waste.• Casing: special material highly resistant to

corrosion.

MY DESIGN

THANK YOU!!!........