nurse assistant skills
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Nurse Assistant Skills. Nurse assistants are important members of the health care team. Measuring and Recording Intake and Output. Intake: fluids taken in by patient What is included in intake Output: fluids eliminated by patient What is included in output Records must be accurate - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Nurse Assistant SkillsNurse assistants are important members of the health care team
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Measuring and RecordingIntake and Output
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Measuring and RecordingIntake and Output(continued)
Intake: fluids taken in by patientWhat is included in intakeOutput: fluids eliminated by patientWhat is included in outputRecords must be accurateFluids usually measured by metric system
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Measuring and RecordingIntake and Output(continued)
Agencies follow different policies for recording I&O
Careful instructions should be given to patients on I&O
Standard precautions
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Feeding a Patient
Good nutrition is an important part of a patient’s treatment
Make mealtimes as pleasant as possibleMealtimes are regarded as social time Proper preparation for mealtimeDelay of mealsCheck food tray
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Feeding a Patient
Allow patient to feed themselves whenever possible
Test temperature of foodPrinciples to follow while feedingRelaxed, unhurried atmosphereObserve amount eaten Observe for any signs of choking
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Assisting with a Bedpan/Urinal
Elimination of body waste is essentialTerminologyMany patients sensitive about using
bedpan/urinalAccurate observations importantStandard precautionsUse of gloves important
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Providing Catheter andUrinary-Drainage Unit Care
Catheters: hollow tubes usually made of rubber or plastic
French or straight catheterFoley catheterExternal condom catheterUrinary-drainage unitsLeg bags for ambulation
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Providing Catheter and Urinary-Drainage Unit Care
Careful observation of catheter and drainage unit
When catheter and urinary-drainage unit in place, preferable never to disconnect unit
If necessary to disconnect catheter, follow agency policy
Catheter care
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Providing Catheter andUrinary-Drainage Unit Care
Observation of urineFollow correct procedure to empty
drainage unit to prevent contamination and infection
Bladder training programKeep records
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Summary
Assisting patient with intake and output important part of care
Provide privacy and respect patient’s rights at all times
Observe standard precautionsFollow correct procedures
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Collecting Stool/Urine Specimens
Laboratory tests are performed on specimens to detect disease
Specimens must be collected correctly for tests to be accurate
Routine urine specimenClean-catch or midstream-voided urine
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Collecting Stool/Urine Specimens
Sterile catheterized urine specimen24-hour urine specimenRoutine stool (feces) specimenStool for occult bloodLabel all specimens correctlyUse standard precautions
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Enemas and Rectal Treatments
Enemas◦Retention enemas◦Nonretention enemas
Types of enemas◦Cleansing◦Disposable◦Oil retention
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Enemas and Rectal Treatments(continued)
Impactions—removed by licensed or advanced care provider
Rectal tubeSuppositories
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Summary
Enemas and rectal treatments cannot be administered without a doctor’s order
Follow correct procedures at all timesObserve standard precautions to prevent
spread of infection
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Applying Restraints
Chemical restraints—medicationsPhysical restraints—protective devicesConditions that may require restraintsTypes of physical restraintsPoints to remember when using restraintsComplications of restraints
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Applying Restraints
Most health care facilities have specific rules and policies regarding the use of restraints
Be aware of legal responsibilities
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Administering Oxygen
Blood must have oxygenSigns of oxygen shortageDeficiency of oxygen (hypoxia)Methods of administration of oxygenWays of providing oxygen to the patient Humidifier
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Administering Oxygen(continued)
Safety precautionsPulse oximetersPoints to check while oxygen in useLegal considerations
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Giving Postmortem Care
Care given to the body immediately following death
Begins when a doctor has pronounced the patient dead
Difficult but essential part of patient care
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Giving Postmortem Care
Dealing with death and dyingPatient’s rights apply after deathFamily member may want to view bodyProcedure for postmortem care will vary
with different facilities
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Giving Postmortem Care
Morgue kitsCare of valuables and belongingsTwo people often work together to
complete careObserve agency policy
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Summary
The nursing assistant provides quality personal care for patients
Many skills are required to perform approved procedures
Standard precautions must be observedRecord observations carefullyKnow your legal responsibilities
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Measuring and RecordingIntake and Output
A large part of the body is fluid, so there must be a balance between the amount of fluid taken into the body and the amount lost from the body
Swelling and edema DehydrationIntake and output (I&O) forms vary
between facilities