Nutrient losses from agricultural sources in Latvia

Country Report Viesturs Jansons Latvia University of Agriculture

Diffuse pollution monitoring network in LatviaDiffuse pollution monitoring station BerzeCatchment DrainageMellupiteCatchment Drainage PlotsVienziemiteCatchment Drainage

SkriveriCatchment Plots

Monitoring system in Mellupte Demonstration Watershed Data loggers and flow proportional automatical water sampling in all measurement levelsCatchment station (measurements: river run-off, drainage plot run-off, surface run-off, weather conditions)Drainage field station (measurements: drainage field run-off)

Mellupite catchment stationWatershed monitoring Weather stationSurface run-off Crump weirSurface run-off plot15 drainage plots (0.12 ha)

Drainage field stationDrainage field 12 ha(surface and subsurface run-off)

Concentrations of N tot in run-off (1994-2001)Field drainage0,005,0010,0015,0020,0025,00Ntot mg/l19941995199619971998BerzeMellupite1999Vienziemite20002001Berze (blue line)C 7.2 mg/l CV 52% Dr 8.4 mg/l CV 41% Mellupite (green )C 2.9 mg/l CV 56% Dr 6.2 mg/l CV 35% Vienziemite (red)C 1.7 mg/l CV 68% Dr 1.8 mg/l CV 67% Average values

Nutrient run-off (Ntot) Berze C 10.4-21.4 kg/ha year Dr 10.8-26.8 kg/ha yearMellupite C 7.4-11.2 kg/ha year Dr 11.5-22.4 kg/ha yearVienziemite C 3.7-8.6 kg/ha year Dr 1.8-6.1 kg/ha year

Nutrient (Ntot) retention drainage c small catchmentCharacteristics of the small catchment's and drainage fields? size of the watershed flow regime (sustained ground water flow, surface run-off, drainage run-off)stream type (slope, shape, bed features) farming conditionsVienziemiteCatchment 590 ha Drainage 67 ha (surface and drainage run-off, grassland)MellupiteCatchment 960 ha Drainage 12 ha (surface and drainage run-off, arable land)BerzeCatchment 370 ha, arable land Drainage 77 ha drainage run-off, balanced fertilization)

Chart4

-58.1395348837199421.1538461538

-25.609756097698.765432098886.6666666667

-21.621621621661.971830985926.9005847953

-2075.892857142961.4457831325

-45.3488372093114.583333333363.2653061224

3.448275862183.1325301205-16.4021164021

-12.2448979592154.9857549858-14.2857142857

-15.873015873105.504587156-41.5887850467

-24.979184013398.328511732617.6759410802

Vienziemite

Mellupite

Berze

Ntot retention %

Lv

Nkop, kg ha-1 gad-1Pkop, kg ha-1 gad-1

19941995199619971998199920002001Vid19941995199619971998199920002001Vid

Vienziemite upes baseins4.38.23.77.58.65.84.95.046.00.130.120.040.090.140.150.090.170.12

Vienziemite drena1.86.12.964.764.34.244.50.690.070.030.070.090.110.070.140.16

Mellupte upes baseins8.17.111.29.68.37.0210.98.90.230.140.10.240.270.090.130.17

Mellupte drena16.111.519.720.615.217.922.417.60.20.120.110.770.220.10.130.24

Brze upes baseins10.410.517.116.614.718.912.621.415.30.480.410.520.230.270.190.120.280.31

Brze drena12.619.621.726.82415.810.812.518.00.40.230.230.130.150.110.060.140.18

Skrveri upes baseins24.924.90.330.33

Vecauce baseins (cku ferma)31.750.469.557.135.110,317.543.60.150.10.070.180.090,040.110.12

Ogre upes baseins (cku ferma)21.833.261.876.548.511,417.443.25.42.412.085.042.22,843.23.39

Bauska baseins (tikai difzais piesrojums.)9.79.338.139.31922,432.324.60.420.360.470.490.450,230.390.43

Bauska baseins (cku ferma)23.323.574.876.532.823,839.345.012.283.65.041.80,750.792.42

Bauska idrmslu iestrdanas lauks208.745.9239.4263.2101.292,490.5158.26.892.674.4811.25.32,543.755.72

50.4

85.0

Vid dif p.10.05619047620.2000595238

Lv

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

kg/ha N gad

Engl (3)

0

0

0

0

0

0

kg/ha P gad

Sheet1 (2)

0

0

0

0

0

kg/ha N gad

Discharge

Nkop, kg ha-1 gad-1Pkop, kg ha-1 gad-1

19941995199619971998199920002001Average19941995199619971998199920002001Vid

Vienziemite catchment4.38.23.77.58.65.84.95.046.0Vienziemite catchment0.130.120.040.090.140.150.090.170.1

Vienziemite drainage1.86.12.964.764.34.244.5Vienziemite drainage0.690.070.030.070.090.110.070.140.2

Mellupite catchment8.17.111.29.68.37.0210.98.9Mellupite catchment0.230.140.10.240.270.090.130.2

Mellupite drainage16.111.519.720.615.217.922.417.6Mellupite drainage0.20.120.110.770.220.10.130.2

Berze catchment10.410.517.116.614.718.912.621.415.3Berze catchment0.480.410.520.230.270.190.120.280.3

Berze drainage12.619.621.726.82415.810.812.518.0Berze drainage0.40.230.230.130.150.110.060.140.2

Skriveri24.924.9Skriveri0.330.3

Vecauce ferm catchment31.750.469.557.135.110,317.543.6Vecauce ferm catchment0.150.10.070.180.090,040.110.1

Ogre farm catchment21.833.261.876.548.511,417.443.2Ogre farm catchment5.42.412.085.042.22,843.23.4

Bauska farm catchment23.323.574.876.532.823,832.343.9Bauska farm catchment12.283.65.041.80,750.392.4

Bauska dumping firld208.745.9239.4263.2101.292,439.3149.6Bauska dumping firld6.892.674.4811.25.32,540.795.2

Bauska upes baseins (tikai difzais piesrojums.)9.79.338.139.31922,490.534.3Bauska upes baseins (tikai difzais piesrojums.)0.420.360.470.490.450,233.751.0

N retention

Vienziemite-58-26-22-20-453-12-16-24.98

Mellupite9962761158315510698.3285117326

Berze2187276163-16-14-4217.6759410802

Vidji Latvij difz piesrojuma baseinos (1994-2001. G.) 10.0 mg/l

hg/ha P gad

0

0

0

0

0

Vidji Latvij difz piesrojuma baseinos (1994-2001. G.) 0.20 mg/l

Discharge

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

kg/ha N gad

Sheet3

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

hg/ha P gad

6.005

4.505

8.8885714286

17.6285714286

15.275

17.975

N kg/ha

0.11625

0.15875

0.1714285714

0.2357142857

0.3125

0.18125

P kg/ha

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

High animal density areas

Diffuse pollution

Natural background

N kg/ha year-1

0.11625

0.15875

0.1714285714

0.2357142857

0.3125

0.18125

0.33

0.1166666667

3.3883333333

2.3516666667

Point source pollution

Diffuse pollution

Natural background

P kg/ha

19941994

8.116.1

7.111.5

11.219.7

9.620.6

8.315.2

7.0217.9

10.922.4

Mellupite catchment

Mellupite drainage

kg/ha

Nitrogen run-off

19941994

0.230.2

0.140.12

0.10.11

0.240.77

0.270.22

0.090.1

0.130.13

Mellupite catchment

Mellupite drainage

kg/ha

Phosphorus run-off

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

Vienziemite catchment

Mellupite catchment

Berze catchment

Ntot kg/ha

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

Vienziemite drainage

Mellupite drainage

Berze drainage

Ntot kg/ha

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

Vienziemite

Mellupite

Berze

Ntot retention %

Nkop, kg ha-1 gad-1Pkop, kg ha-1 gad-1

1994199519961997199819992000Vid1994199519961997199819992000Vid

Ekstensva raoana (Vienziemite)4.38.23.77.58.65.84.96.10.130.120.040.090.140.150.090.11

Vidjs raoanas lmenis (Mellupte)8.17.111.29.68.37.028.60.230.140.10.240.270.090.18

Intensva raoana (Brze)10.410.517.116.614.718.912.614.40.480.410.520.230.270.190.120.32

Slgta cku ferma (Ogre)21.833.261.876.548.511,448.45.42.412.085.042.22,843.43

Raojoa cku ferma (Bauska)23.323.574.876.532.823,846.212.283.65.041.80,752.74

Bauska novadgrvis ar idrmslu iestrdanas lauku208.745.9239.4263.2101.292,4171.76.892.674.4811.25.32,546.11

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Difzais piesrojums

Koncentrtais piesrojums, lielfermas

kg N no ha gad

Q mm gad-1

1994199519961997199819992000Vid

Vienziemite427467126319418219325328.7

Vienziemite drena244452105214238322202253.9

Mellupite300175259328258153245.5

Mellupte drena350198280349223174262.3

Berze177201173182202197130180.3

Brze drena222310149212238152127201.4

Vecauce upes baseins (cku ferma)48.8

Ogre upes baseins (cku ferma)48.3

Bauska upes baseins (tikai difzais piesrojums.)23.1

Bauska upes baseins (cku ferma)46.2

Bauska idrmslu iestrdanas lauks.171.7

Piesrojuma dabiskais fons

000

000

000

000

000

000

Vienziemite

Mellupite

Berze

Discharge, mm

Nutrient run-off (Ntot) and acreage of arable crops, 1994-2001Agricultures contribution to non point source pollution varies widely as a complex function of land use, cropping system, soil type, climate, topography, hydrology, animal density and nutrient management techniquesSource: Position statement on Agricultural nutrient Management and Environment Quality. 2000. Soil Science Society of America.

Chart3

82.6086956522

82.3369565217

89.1304347826

83.6956521739

92.1195652174

91.3043478261

82.8804347826

80.7065217391

41.25

41.25

44.2708333333

48.3333333333

44.7916666667

41.7708333333

37.34375

5.0675675676

4.7297297297

3.7162162162

3.8851351351

4.3918918919

4.222972973

2.972972973

2.8040540541

Berze

Mellupite

Vienziemite

Catchments

N loss kg/ha year-1

Arable crops % of catchment area

y = 6,1x - 16,7R2 = 0,69

Sheet1 (2)

199419951996199719981999Vid199419951996199719981999Vid

Ekstensva raoana (Vienziemite)4.38.23.77.58.65.86.30.130.120.040.090.140.150.11

Vidjs raoanas lmenis (Mellupte)8.17.111.29.68.38.90.230.140.10.240.270.2

Intensva raoana (Brze)10.410.517.116.614.718.914.70.480.410.520.230.270.190.35

21.833.261.876.548.548.35.42.412.085.042.23.43

23.323.574.876.532.846.212.283.65.041.82.74

Bauska novadgrvis ar idrmslu iestrdanas lauku208.745.9239.4263.2101.2171.76.892.674.4811.25.36.11

Sheet1 (2)

0

0

0

0

0

0

Iznese

0

0

0

Bilance iznese

0

0

0

Bilance 1

0

0

0

0

0

0

Vid

kg N no ha gad

Melupite

0

0

0

0

0

Difzais piesrojums

Koncentrtais piesrojums, lielfermas

kg N no ha gad

Vienziemite

199419951996199719981999Vid199419951996199719981999Vid

Vienziemite upes baseins4.38.23.77.58.65.86.30.130.120.040.090.140.150.11

Vienziemite drena1.86.12.964.764.60.690.070.030.070.090.110.18

Mellupte upes baseins8.17.111.29.68.38.90.230.140.10.240.270.2

Mellupte drena16.111.519.720.615.216.60.20.120.110.770.220.28

Brze upes baseins10.410.517.116.614.718.914.70.480.410.520.230.270.190.35

Brze drena12.619.621.726.82415.820.10.40.230.230.130.150.110.21

31.750.469.557.135.148.80.150.10.070.180.090.08

21.833.261.876.548.548.35.42.412.085.042.23.43

9.79.338.139.31923.10.420.360.470.490.450.44

23.323.574.876.532.846.212.283.65.041.82.74

Bauska idrmslu iestrdanas lauks.208.745.9239.4263.2101.2171.76.892.674.4811.25.36.11

Piesrojuma dabiskais fons

Vienziemite

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

kg/ha N gad

Kopa vid

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

hg/ha P gad

Berze

0

0

0

0

0

0

kg/ha N gad

0

0

0

0

0

0

kg/ha P gad

Meslojums-razaKop bilance

1995199619971998199919941995199619971998199919951996199719981999

Vienziemite upes baseins8.23.77.58.65.8-29.8-26.7-18.6-20.3-22.1-32

Vienziemite drena6.12.964.76-24.9-28.1-10.3-25.5-14.7-30.6

Mellupte upes baseins8.17.111.29.68.3-86243714-32-18-49-7

Mellupte drena16.111.519.720.615.2344431418-2-327-22-41

Brze upes baseins10.517.116.614.718.9-30-29-8-206744

Brze drena19.621.726.82415.84-380139022

Meslojums-razaKop bilance

199519961997199819991995199619971998199919951996199719981999

Vienziemite upes baseins0.120.040.090.140.15-1.3-1.7-1.6-1.4-1.5-2.4

Vienziemite drena0.070.030.070.090.11-1.8-1.1-1.5-0.9-0.7-1.9

Mellupte upes baseins0.230.140.10.240.27609144-2672

Mellupte drena0.20.120.110.770.2229-11962129-119621

Brze upes baseins0.410.520.230.270.19-9-43-31517

Brze drena0.230.230.130.150.112-416222222

IznesesBilance

Vienziemite upes baseinsVienziemite drenaMellupte upes baseinsMellupte drenaBrze upes baseinsBrze drenaVienziemite upes baseinsVienziemite drenaMellupte upes baseinsMellupte drenaBrze upes baseinsBrze drena

199410.412.6-29.8-24.9-304

19958.26.18.116.110.519.6-26.7-28.1-834-19-1

19963.72.97.111.517.121.7-18.6-10.36440

19977.5611.219.716.626.8-20.3-25.52443813

19988.64.79.620.614.724-22.1-14.737143228

19995.868.315.218.915.8-32-30.614183413

Mellupte upes baseins

IznesesBilance

1994

19958.1-8

19967.16

199711.224

19989.637

19998.314

Aver915

Mellupte drena

IznesesBilance

1994

199516.134

199611.54

199719.743

199820.614

199915.218

Aver1723

00

00

00

00

00

00

Izneses

Bilance

00

00

00

00

00

00

Izneses

Bilance

Vienziemite upes baseins

19944.3-29.8

19958.2-26.7

19963.7-18.6

19977.5-20.3

19988.6-22.1

19995.8-32

Aver6-25

Vienziemite drena

19941.8-24.9

19956.1-28.1

19962.9-10.3

19976-25.5

19984.7-14.7

19996-30.6

5-22

Videjie dati 94-99

Vienz dr5-22

Vienz cay6-25

Be dr

Be cat

Mel dr1723

Mell cat915

IzneseBilanceArrble l%

Bas Berze199410.4-3030483

199510.5-2930382

199617.1432889

199716.61930884

199814.73233992

199918.93433691

200012.62930583

200121.41929781

Melupite19958.1-6.439641

19967.1-2.039641

199711.24.042544

19989.66.046448

19998.38.343045

20007.027.040142

200110.915.035937

Vienziemite19944.3-29.8305

19958.2-26.7285

19963.7-18.6224

19977.5-20.3234

19988.6-28.4264

19995.69-41.3254

20004.9-33.617.63

20015.04-32.716.63

IzneseBilance

Brze drena199412.6477100

199519.6-15268

199621.7077100

199726.81377100

199824287395

199915.81377100

200010.81177100

200112.54877100

Mellupite199516.13412100

199611.54650

199719.74312100

199820.61412100

199915.218758

200017.9127.159

200122.4225.848

Vienziemite19941.8-24.91.916

19956.1-28.1217

19962.9-10.31.815

19976-25.5217

19984.7-14.71.210

19996-30.62.521

20004.3-31.42.622

20014.2-32.22.723

Berze

Mellupite

Vienziemite

Drainage fields

N loss kg/ha year-1

Arable crops % of field area

y = 3,8x + 11,6R2 = 0,59

Berze

Mellupite

Vienziemite

Catchments

N loss kg/ha year-1

Arable crops % of catchment area

y = 6,1x - 16,7R2 = 0,69

Berze

Mellupite

Vienziemite

Catchments

N loss kg/ha year-1

N balance kg/ha

y = 3,6x - 41,3R2 = 0,52

Brze upes baseins

IzneseBilance

199410.4-30

199510.5-29

199617.14

199716.619

199814.732

199918.934

Aver155

Brze drena

IzneseBilance

199412.64

199519.6-1

199621.70

199726.813

19982428

199915.813

Aver2010

Berze

Mellupite

Vienziemite

Catchments

Berze

Mellupite

Vienziemite

N loss kg/ha year-1

N balance kg/ha

y = 2,3x - 27,3R2 = 0,51

Drainage fields

00

00

00

00

00

00

Iznese

Bilance

Baseins

00

00

00

00

00

00

Iznese

Bilance

Drenaza

00

00

00

00

00

00

Nutrient run-off (Ntot) and nutrient balance1994-2001